1456:, Temple University Press, 1995, p. 67. Powell led a Tuesday evenings "Black Out Boycott" of Consolidated Edison electric service to force the utility company to hire blacks in positions above menials. He also staged a billpayers parade to the company's Harlem office, where customers insisted on paying their utility bills in nickels and pennies. ... Nothing worked as well--or dramatized the cause as effectively--as persistent and targeted picketing. ... During 1938 and 1939, Powell's committee achieved breakthroughs with the white-cominated Harlem Chamber of Commerce, which set up employment quotas for 125th Street stores, and with Consolidated Edison and New York Telephone, both of which agreed to employ African Americans for the first time in white-collar positions. "Greater New York Coordinating Committee for Employment" in Nina Mjagkij,
911:, and other continental cities. Artist friendships from this period included Uno Svensson and Olle Bonnier. Between 1981 and 1993 he had numerous solo exhibitions in Europe and Scandinavia: Galerie Futura, Stockholm, 1993, 1989; Ragnarpers, GĂ€rsnĂ€s, SE, 1993; Falsterbo Konsthall, Falsterbo, SE, 1992; Lilla Galleriet, Helsingborg, SE, 1992, 1985; Gallerihuset, Copenhagen, DK, 1991; BĂŒlowska Gallery, Malmö, 1991, 1987; Gallery Altes Rathaus, Inzlingen (Basel), DE, 1990; Gooijer Fine Arts, Amsterdam, NE, 1985; Galleria del Naviglio, Milan, Italy, 1984; Biblioteca Comunale di Milano, Milan, 1984; Gallery AsbĂŠk, Copenhagen, DK, 1983; Galerie Oscar, Stockholm, 1981.
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Between 1975 and 1995, Gentry's creative production was fueled by mobility. He was in continuous movement, traveling several times a year. He commuted between New York and Paris (or Sweden), while he established an artistic reputation in the United States. During this period he showed in Europe as an
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Over the next five years Gentry had solo exhibitions at
Galerie Suzanne Bollag, Zurich, 1959; Galerie Die Insel, Hamburg, 1960; Kunstudstillningsbygning, Odense, DK, 1960; Galerie Aestetica, Stockholm, SE, 1960; Galerie Perron, Geneva, 1961; Galerie Passpartout, Copenhagen, 1961, 1963; Galerie Leger,
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in Paris and worked there for four years. During this period he experimented, working in acrylic on raw linen. While studying in Paris, he was mentored under
Georges Baroque and found an interest in modernist ideas of Cubism and Expressionism. He became acquainted with members of the CoBrA group who
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The center of the Art World before World War II, Paris still held that title in 1946. Paris touched other memories for ex-soldier Gentry, who as a youth had heard many of his mother's friends speak of their travel and performances in Paris. Home in Harlem after his discharge from the Army, he wanted
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as an ideal residence for Gentry and his family to take an apartment for a year's stay in New York City. Welcomed by hotel manager
Stanley Bard, Gentry discovered a number of artist colleagues from Paris already living and working there. An ideal fit, having a home in New York made it possible for
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Gentry was included in the first group of G.I. Bill students that arrived in Paris in 1946. Within his first year, he had a dormitory in the Cité Universitaire, but later relocated to a small room at the
Montparnasse hotels. Alongside drawing and painting courses, Gentry also managed to complete a
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Gentry's paintings juxtapose faces and masks, shifting orientations of figures and headsâhuman and animalâinto profiles, to the left, to the right, above and below. The direction of the head, as face or profile, leading right or left, or facing front, is played against the relative scale of each
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Copenhagen was an important jazz capital in Europe, and hosted a lively
African-American community of musicians and artists. After his successful solo exhibition at Galerie Hybler, Gentry remained in Copenhagen to prepare for a series of solo exhibitions in Northern Europe, in Denmark, Sweden,
241:(1981) wrote that Gentry's "method is conceptual rather than realistic. One senses in the chromatic emotionalism, and in the biomorphic forms of the figures that often appear in Gentry's paintings, the strong pull of the unconscious."
979:, New York, 2000; Steve Turner Gallery, Beverly Hills, California, 2002; Parish Gallery, Georgetown, Washington, D.C., 2003. He had nine solo shows at G. R. NâNamdi Gallery between 1991 and 2008: in New York, 2003, 2008; in
903:. He enjoyed its slower pace, milder climate and location near the continent. He reconnected with old friends in Copenhagen. He prepared paintings and prints for gallery exhibitions in Sweden, as well as in Copenhagen,
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725:, among others at the Café Tournon; Gentry socialized with visual artists at café Le Select and La Coupole in Montparnasse, where he also met the Dutch, Belgian and Scandinavian artists of the
1041:, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 2005. The Smithsonian American Art Museum holds pieces including, "Our City," L'Homme Vert," "Ici," Meeting Series "B": Our Lives," "Faced Faces," and "La Rose."
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The faces evoke subtle expressions and moods. Rather than using images to depict a concrete story, Gentry releases his experiences upon the canvas. The act of spontaneous painting uses
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itself, and each painting reveals the self. When asked about direct influences, he avoids imposing external meanings upon primary experience, describing instead his creative process.
237:(1994) about Gentry's work. Gentry creates a foil for feelings and for emotion, and orchestrates his subjective figuration in dialogue with the immediacy of the painted gesture.
1501:
Herbert Gentry: The Man, The Master, The Magic. Essays by Najjar Abdul-Musawwir, Brenda Delany, Herbert Gentry, Mary Anne Rose, Wim Roefs, Lewis Tanner Moore, George R. N'Namdi.
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provided the backdrop for Gentry's childhood. His mother worked as a dancer and actress. His home was frequently visited by artists, musicians and dancers. Under the name
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Delany, B. K. (2003), "Post-World War II Expatriate
Painters: The Question of a Black Aesthetic". New York: Teachers College, Columbia University. Doctoral dissertation.
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Educated in the New York City public schools, Gentry attended Cooper Junior High and George
Washington High School. He pursued drawing in school took art classes at the
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in 1931. Gentry took inspiration from artists, musicians, writers, dancers, and actors, all of whom reinforced his belief in the creative world that lay beyond Harlem.
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Beginning in 1987, Gentry had many one-person exhibitions in the United States: Alitash Kebede
Gallery, Los Angeles, California, 1987, 1994, 2004; Quick Art Center,
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1116:. Essays by Najjar Abdul-Musawwir, Brenda Delany, Herbert Gentry, Mary Anne Rose, Wim Roefs, Lewis Tanner Moore, George R. N'Namdi. Chicago: G. R. N'Namdi Gallery.
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1242:. New York: Studio Museum in Harlem. January 18-June 2, 1996. Texts by Kinshasa Holman Conwill, Catherine Bernard, Peter Selz, Michel Fabre, Valerie J. Mercer.
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Schwartzman, Myron (2004), "Romare
Bearden and Herbert Gentry, Tribute to a Friendship" Alitash Kebede Gallery, Los Angeles, California. Exhibition Brochure.
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included
Galerie Doktor Glas, Stockholm, 1967; Galerie Marya, Copenhagen, 1967; Galerie Zodiaque, Brussels, 1967 and Vikingsborg Museum, Helsingborg, 1966.
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Switzerland, and Netherlands. He was soon exhibiting paintings in galleries across Northern Europe. While associating Gentry's paintings with art of the
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had resisted hiring African Americans, and only under public pressure and boycott activities did they finally relent in the late 1930s. Andrés Torres,
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In November 1951 Gentry left for New York. Later, in 1953 he returned to Paris on the same boat as two painters who would become important friends:
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introduced him to ideas of automatism and the concept of the artist as an inherently social being. He befriended many artists he met at the Cité:
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753:(aka Corneille). Gentry accepted the opportunity to exhibit at Galerie Hybler in Copenhagen in 1959, and relocated to Copenhagen to prepare.
1021:, Amistad Center for Art and Culture, Hartford, Connecticut, 2006; "Herbert Gentry: the Man the Magic the Master," James E. Lewis Museum at
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940:(Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania), 1972. Gentry became a "permanent resident" of the Chelsea Hotel in 1982. He renewed old artistic friendships:
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Selz, Peter, "Herbert Gentry". Essay for gallery exhibition, 1994. Los Angeles, California: Alitash Kebede Gallery. Exhibition brochure.
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778:, Copenhagen, in 1960 with the group 6 + 2; in 1964 at Den Frie Gentry was included in "10 American Negro Artists" with Harvey Cropper,
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Selz, Peter, "Herbert Gentry" essay for gallery exhibition, 1994. Los Angeles, California: Alitash Kebede Gallery. Exhibition brochure.
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Gentry to return many times and be active in the New York art world. He had exhibitions at Andre Zarre Gallery (New York), 1974 and
380:(1942â45), serving in the 90th Coast Guard Artillery / Anti-Aircraft Regiment working in Special Services. His U.S. Army Service in
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In later years, he worked less in France and spent more time in New York City. He returned to Sweden and established his studio in
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to be organized in Paris, and warned that the basic amenities were still rationed, Gentry arrived for the Fall 1946 academic term.
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967:, Olean, New York, 1995; Stella Jones Gallery, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1998; Stella Jones Gallery, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1998;
825:, Gentry kept a studio in Paris through 1980. His dedication to mobility differentiated Gentry from most of his fellow American
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position and to have tolerated being told by company directors to the effect that, "If you do well, we'll hire others."
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839:, who kept studios in more than one country. Montparnasse in Paris remained a central hub for the European art world.
690:. No longer on the GI Bill, Gentry got work in Paris jazz clubs; by 1955 he was arranging entertainment shows for the
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musician, Gentry breathes rhythms into a personally inflected expressionism. "The staccato beat of jazz is fused with
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1460:. Taylor & Francis, September 1, 2003; ebook Routledge, same, p. 221. Both at Google Books accessed 11-12-2014
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Important retrospective exhibitions since the artist's death in 2003 include: "Herbert Gentry: Moved by Music,"
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1204:. Essays by Brenda Delany, Bill Hutson, Mary Anne Rose. Lancaster, Pennsylvania: Franklin and Marshall College.
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and American Armed Forces in France and Germany. He met many American musicians and dancers, including
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had an approach to art teaching that matched his need for freedom. He spent three years studying with
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Between Melting Pot and Mosaic: African Americans and Puerto Ricans in the New York Political Economy
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1485:, Archives of American Art, May 23, 1991. Washington, D.C.: Archives of American Art Smithsonian.
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717:. Active in Parisian café life, he and Larry Potter congregated with African-American writers
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in Baltimore, Maryland, 2007; "Herbert Gentry: the Man the Magic the Master", Diggs Gallery,
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American artist, while in the United States he was exhibited as an African-American artist.
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and Sweden: Randall Gallery, NYC, 1978; Fabien Carlsson Gallery, Gothenburg, Sweden, 1977;
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1211:. Detroit, Michigan: St. James Press and Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture.
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Gentry's older cousin Arnold P. Johnson. Protester Gentry, who was studying business at
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Museum of Art and the Amistad Center for Art and Culture (Hartford, Connecticut); the
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by 1965. In Sweden he developed friendships with sculptors Torsten Rehnqvist and
619:, an exhibition space by day and a jazz club by night. Featuring his first wife,
1197:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University, pp. 161, 164, 167, 176, 177, 178.
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In Stockholm in 1975 Gentry was honored with a retrospective exhibition at the
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Herbert Gentry. (2023, May 3). Mary Ryan Gallery. Retrieved May 3, 2023, from
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Two Hundred and Fifty Years of African American Art: An Annotated Bibliography
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Malmö, 1962; Galerie Rudolph Meier, Davos, 1962. He was invited to exhibit at
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His first year back in Paris, Gentry resided at the American House at the
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1155:. New York: Teachers College, Columbia University. Doctoral dissertation.
1085:(Brooklyn, New York). In Europe and beyond, his work is collected by the
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1153:
Post-World War II Expatriate Painters: The Question of a Black Aesthetic
1514:"Search Artworks | Smithsonian American Art Museum and Renwick Gallery"
1231:. New York: Studio Museum in Harlem, October 8, 1982 â January 9, 1983.
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in 1927, as well as its revival in 1932. His mother's friends included
432:). At the end of the war, Gentry was stationed in the Paris suburb of
1394:. New York: Studio Museum in Harlem, October 8, 1982âJanuary 9, 1983.
1037:, Rochester, New York, 2007; "Face to Face," Phillips Museum of Art,
846:, which traveled to Norrköpings Museum, and Amos Andersson Museum in
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head, its position on the canvas, and in relationship to the others.
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Gardner, Paul, "When France was home to African-American Artists",
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Between 1948 and 1951, Gentry opened Chez Honey, a club-galerie in
1089:(Stockholm, Sweden), Norrköpings Art Museum (Norrköping, Sweden),
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1169:, VIII. Exhibition Catalogue New York: Michael Rosenfeld Gallery.
1063:, Washington, D.C.); the Studio Museum in Harlem (New York); the
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to study art in Paris. Not waiting for the administration of the
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In 1939, the leadership of Harlem protest demonstrations against
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and had his first solo Parisian exhibition at Galerie de Seine.
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Herbert Gentry. Spanierman Modern. Retrieved May 3, 2023, from
679:, who arrived in 1950, jammed with the professional musicians.
647:. The club attracted an international crowd. Patrons included
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A History of African American Artists from 1792 to the Present
1029:, North Carolina, 2008; "Herbert Gentry: Facing Other Ways,"
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Two significant exhibitionsâorganized by and exhibited at the
631:'s Band, the club was known as the place to hear modern jazz.
293:. Later, she was in the cast of the original rendition of the
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1221:. New York: Harry N. Abrams. pp. 116, 162â72, 167, 168.
513:, and was enrolled at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes Sociales.
1181:"Oral History Interview with Herbert Gentry, 1991, May 23"
525:. By 1949 Gentry was teaching visiting Americans at the
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https://www.spaniermanmodern.com/artists/herbert-gentry
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and Uffe Harder declared his work distinctly American.
502:, who encouraged him in his art; he got to know writer
1499:
Blatt, K., N'Namdi, J., and Rose, M. A. (eds) (2008),
498:. Moving beyond student circles, he sought out author
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Paris Connections: African American artists in Paris
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Blatt, K., J. N'Namdi, and M. A. Rose (eds) (2008),
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https://maryryangallery.com/artists/herbert-gentry/
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871:, and Ulla Waller. He had solo exhibitions in the
482:, where he met fellow American students: sculptor
203:Herbert Gentry painting in Falsterbo, August 1990
1392:An Ocean Apart: African American Artists Abroad
1229:An Ocean Apart: African American Artists Abroad
1101:(France), as well as many private collections.
338:and later studied art as part of the under the
1167:African-American Art: 20th Century Masterworks
1113:Herbert Gentry: The Man, The Master, The Magic
1641:Alumni of the Académie de la Grande ChaumiÚre
1238:. Essays by Michel Fabre, Valerie Mercer and
786:, Larry Potter, Walter Williams, and others.
317:As a youngster Gentry had a role in the play
222:form in paintings which never become totally
8:
1537:Herbert Gentry. Retrieved May 3, 2023, from
1483:"Oral history interview with Herbert Gentry"
1162:, Volume 26, No. 12, March pp. 106â112.
436:. He took every opportunity to visit Paris.
1049:Gentry's work is in the collections of the
183:(1970â2000) as a permanent resident of the
149:(July 17, 1919 â September 8, 2003) was an
480:Cité Internationale Universitaire de Paris
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80:
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1337:Editors, Blackartstory org (2020-11-04).
1283:Editors, Blackartstory org (2020-11-04).
1146:Who's Who in American Art-1994: 1993-1994
536:, meeting his fellow American artists at
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1053:(New York); the American Art Museum and
829:. He followed the model of artists like
323:, which toured the country with actress
32:This article includes a list of general
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1133:Bomani, A., and B. Rooks (eds) (1992),
627:, a singer who had come to Europe with
384:took him to different countries in the
1646:20th-century African-American painters
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1354:
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1300:
1126:Bearden, R., and H. Henderson (1993),
357:is said to have included besides Rev.
258:, on July 17, 1919. He was the son of
1651:21st-century African-American artists
1339:"Profile: Herbert Gentry (1919-2003)"
1285:"Profile: Herbert Gentry (1919-2003)"
977:Teachers College, Columbia University
369:New York's first Black employee in a
262:of Madison Courthouse, Virginia, and
254:Herbert Alexander Gentry was born in
7:
1219:Romare Bearden: His Life and his Art
1165:Harrisberg, Halley K. (ed.) (2001),
1033:Rare Books and Special Collections,
713:. He studied privately with painter
588:. There were many others, including
167:(1958â63), in the Swedish cities of
1611:American people of Jamaican descent
1410:"Herbert Gentry â RYAN LEE Gallery"
858:Gentry was awarded a studio at the
1656:20th-century American male artists
274:, with his mother and her family.
226:but hold the picture plane in the
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
1236:Explorations in the City of Light
1148:, 20th Edition, New York: Bowker.
1390:Studio Museum in Harlem (1982).
1234:Studio Museum in Harlem (1996),
1227:Studio Museum in Harlem (1982),
1209:St. James Guide to Black Artists
1187:, Smithsonian, Washington, D.C.
285:, she danced in the chorus with
23:
1581:American expatriates in Denmark
1503:Chicago: G. R. N'Namdi Gallery.
1099:BibliothĂšque Nationale de Paris
1039:Franklin & Marshall College
751:Guillaume Cornelis van Beverloo
635:accompanied on piano, as would
527:Académie de la Grande ChaumiÚre
515:Académie de la Grande ChaumiÚre
270:. By 1924 Gentry was living in
1606:21st-century American painters
1596:20th-century American painters
1591:American expatriates in Sweden
1586:American expatriates in France
1539:https://www.herbertgentry.com/
1095:National Gallery of Modern Art
1027:Winston-Salem State University
798:in 1963, and had relocated to
702:, and others in Paris such as
532:Gentry lived the café life in
1:
1444:For years, companies such as
844:Royal Swedish Academy of Arts
509:Gentry studied French at the
344:Works Progress Administration
1469:Attestation unable to locate
1202:Face to Face: Herbert Gentry
860:Cité internationale des arts
250:Harlem Renaissance childhood
1130:. New York: Pantheon Books.
915:Home in New York, 1969â2003
1672:
1450:New York Telephone Company
1093:(Amsterdam, Netherlands),
1051:Metropolitan Museum of Art
975:, 2000; and Macy Gallery,
973:Rockville Centre, New York
965:St. Bonaventure University
1172:Igoe, Lynn Moody (1981),
1012:New Orleans Museum of Art
355:employment discrimination
214:Philosophically near the
191:The art of Herbert Gentry
90:
1626:American modern painters
1458:Organizing Black America
1217:Schwartzman, M. (1990),
1200:Phillips Museum (2005),
1185:Archives of American Art
1176:. New York: R.R. Bowker.
1160:The Smithsonian Magazine
1079:(Dayton, Ohio); and the
887:Malmö, Sweden, 1980â2003
576:, and painter-filmmaker
256:Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
175:(1965â76; 2001â03), and
159:who lived and worked in
147:Herbert Alexander Gentry
1097:(New Delhi, India) and
1035:University of Rochester
1023:Morgan State University
1004:Milwaukee Museum of Art
1000:Chicago Cultural Center
996:Studio Museum in Harlem
983:, 1998, 2000, 2004; in
877:Montclair State College
365:, is said to have been
359:Adam Clayton Powell Jr.
53:more precise citations.
1631:Artists from Manhattan
1601:American male painters
1554:Herbert Gentry Website
1193:Patton, S. F. (1998),
1151:Delany, B. K. (2003),
1144:Bowker, R. R. (1993),
590:Jimmy "Loverman" Davis
204:
1481:Kirwin, Liza (1991),
1433:"Scarlet Sister Mary"
1008:Fort Worth Art Museum
956:, and made new ones.
881:Montclair, New Jersey
743:Carl-Henning Pedersen
566:Haywood "Bill" Rivers
540:, Le Select café and
348:Roosevelt High School
272:Harlem, New York City
202:
1195:African-American Art
1077:Dayton Art Institute
1045:Selected collections
991:, 1991, 1996, 1999.
989:Birmingham, Michigan
782:, Clifford Jackson,
458:Civilization course.
440:The expatriate years
179:(1980â2001), and in
163:(1946â70; 1976â80),
1179:Kirwin, L. (1991),
757:Copenhagen, 1958â62
669:Jean-Louis Barrault
521:and French painter
400:, Madeline Island (
367:Consolidated Edison
363:New York University
340:Federal Art Project
320:Scarlet Sister Mary
165:Copenhagen, Denmark
1636:People from Harlem
1518:americanart.si.edu
1414:ryanleegallery.com
1367:has generic name (
1313:has generic name (
1207:Riggs, T. (1997),
1189:Online transcript.
1073:Wadsworth Atheneum
1031:Rush Rhees Library
1019:Wadsworth Atheneum
938:Carnegie Institute
796:Gothenburg, Sweden
790:Stockholm, 1963â76
768:Jen Jorgen Thorsen
653:Simone de Beauvoir
582:Alberto Giacometti
548:, Kosta Alex, and
511:Alliance Française
279:Harlem Renaissance
230:tradition," wrote
205:
1264:Mary Ryan Gallery
1069:Monroe, Louisiana
985:Detroit, Michigan
981:Chicago, Illinois
848:Helsinki, Finland
766:, Danish critics
696:Mary Lou Williams
376:He served in the
268:Kingston, Jamaica
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122:September 8, 2003
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1091:Stedelijk Museum
1055:Hirshhorn Museum
954:Robert Blackburn
927:recommended the
821:While living in
816:solo exhibitions
794:Gentry moved to
780:Beauford Delaney
723:Ollie Harrington
684:Beauford Delaney
649:Jean-Paul Sartre
598:Serge Charchoune
546:Shinkichi Tajiri
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434:Crepy-en-Vallois
295:Ziegfeld musical
151:African-American
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804:Willy Gordon
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700:Maya Angelou
688:Larry Potter
681:
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665:Orson Welles
617:Montparnasse
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544:: sculptors
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534:Montparnasse
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827:expatriates
823:Scandinavia
747:Bram Bogart
739:Karel Appel
731:Ejler Bille
661:Eartha Kitt
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629:Rex Stewart
623:, known as
606:Wifredo Lam
570:Sam Francis
552:, painters
523:Yves Brayer
496:Dan Kurzman
484:Kosta Alex,
461:"Biography"
336:Harlem YMCA
171:(1963â65),
59:August 2015
51:introducing
1575:Categories
1523:2023-05-02
1446:Con Edison
1419:2023-05-02
1348:2023-05-02
1294:2023-05-02
1269:2023-05-02
1247:References
1240:Peter Selz
901:Copenhagen
834:Surrealist
675:. Painter
637:Dick Allen
562:Burt Hasen
542:La Coupole
410:Marseilles
235:Peter Selz
220:biomorphic
169:Gothenburg
107:Pittsburgh
34:references
1139:Ted Joans
923:Director
919:In 1971,
909:Amsterdam
800:Stockholm
633:Pete Matz
492:Marc Behm
378:U.S. Army
299:Show Boat
245:Biography
173:Stockholm
126:Stockholm
1560:See also
1448:and the
1357:cite web
1303:cite web
946:Ed Clark
883:, 1977.
776:Den Frie
729:-group:
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486:pianist
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329:Broadway
224:abstract
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899:from
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1369:help
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