89:
108:
33:
317:
where the mobile gas-chamber (Einsatzwagen) was invented. Their earlier hospital victims were usually shot in the back of the neck. The unit, equipped with a gas van, shuttled between hospitals, picking up patients and killing them with
506:. The Tiergartenstrasse 4 Association, international centre for the documentation, study and interpretation of Nazi crimes. Nazi Euthanasia in European Perspective conference, Berlin, Kleisthaus, Feb. 28-30, 2013
3053:
1370:
2935:
2179:
799:
2536:
3048:
2571:
2526:
2566:
2561:
2546:
2551:
402:
who formed
Special Detachment Bothmann in 1942. At a very minimum 152,000 people (Bohn) were killed at the camp, though the West German prosecution, citing Nazi figures during the
2556:
2531:
2289:
1363:
2789:
2500:
651:
840:
792:
1356:
930:
3018:
2495:
3013:
2505:
2832:
3063:
3058:
2510:
3023:
2968:
2585:
785:
2817:
423:
against alleged partisans. In March 1944 Lange returned to the already inactive death camp at Chełmno, and resumed the gassing operations on the request of
3033:
3008:
2174:
566:, pp. 139-140. Rediess denied payment and left for Norway, legalese correspondence between Lange's superiors and Rediess continued for a whole year.
1024:
427:, for the final ten transports of ghettoised Jews. In 1944, Lange aided in catching the conspirators who attempted to assassinate Hitler as part of the
3028:
2973:
2541:
2282:
2782:
1176:
2907:
2204:
2236:
2129:
2640:
2134:
398:
and introduced improvements to the killing process at Chełmno. Lange constructed cremation pits to replace mass graves. He was succeeded by
2837:
2320:
2275:
923:
2775:
1335:
2958:
2315:
768:
747:
587:
3038:
659:
1866:
2920:
1114:
916:
2893:
2248:
2224:
1019:
701:
226:
3043:
2371:
499:
2915:
2725:
1244:
967:
176:
155:
2381:
2366:
1014:
994:
962:
1059:
2950:
2216:
1094:
1049:
1039:
1029:
972:
1961:
1463:
1079:
2862:
2804:
2745:
2686:
2376:
2340:
2244:
2184:
1767:
1330:
1044:
989:
870:
386:). He held that position until March 1942. His commando was tasked with the liquidation of 100,000 Jews from the
2847:
2635:
2220:
1911:
1856:
1325:
1054:
1034:
984:
890:
845:
577:
411:
332:
2962:
2666:
2228:
1109:
1006:
945:
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835:
830:
2676:
2058:
1289:
1084:
758:
526:
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2330:
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885:
875:
865:
855:
808:
188:
144:
2386:
1936:
1851:
52:
2925:
2345:
440:
1199:
358:
132:
3003:
2998:
2402:
2240:
2113:
2078:
1998:
1634:
1559:
1503:
1099:
391:
298:
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277:
1229:
184:
2940:
2812:
2462:
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2412:
1861:
1684:
1254:
1223:
1189:
1124:
420:
363:
353:
256:
1194:
504:
Overview of the liquidation of the mentally ill during actions on the Polish territory (1939-1945)
2650:
2437:
2189:
1737:
1674:
1604:
1594:
1513:
978:
954:
372:
301:. Already by mid-1940, he and his men were responsible for the murder of about 1,100 patients in
251:
2681:
2442:
2013:
1951:
1234:
327:
2930:
2705:
2615:
2432:
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2407:
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1810:
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1727:
1569:
1508:
1433:
764:
743:
733:
697:
583:
447:
419:
as a
Kriminalrat (Criminal Investigator). He was transferred to the Balkans to participate in
403:
378:
72:
2867:
2472:
2422:
2212:
2033:
1891:
1871:
1841:
1679:
1669:
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1493:
1448:
1443:
1284:
1279:
1214:
1184:
1166:
1156:
1119:
1104:
628:
451:
254:. On 9 November 1939, following a Nazi German victory, Lange was promoted to the rank of SS-
107:
2888:
2883:
2740:
2671:
2620:
2600:
2361:
2168:
2098:
2028:
1966:
1956:
1896:
1831:
1699:
1609:
1498:
1483:
1468:
1428:
1294:
1146:
336:
319:
261:
247:
2610:
1941:
1523:
1403:
1259:
191:, including the murder of mentally disabled patients in Poland and in Germany during the
2630:
2625:
2457:
2325:
2232:
2154:
2108:
2023:
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1882:
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215:
777:
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2008:
1946:
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1249:
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1209:
1204:
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822:
399:
294:
243:
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221:
112:
56:
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2194:
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1398:
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1264:
1151:
428:
367:
344:
284:
94:
76:
38:
1589:
310:
32:
737:
690:
2730:
2467:
2003:
1993:
1926:
1906:
1836:
1795:
1732:
1717:
1639:
1599:
1488:
1478:
416:
209:
Lange studied law, but failed to obtain a degree and he subsequently joined the
2053:
2018:
1574:
1423:
348:
306:
302:
210:
331:(1st lieutenant) on 20 April 1940, his unit was permanently stationed at the
2310:
1747:
1320:
435:. One of the conspirators he interrogated was Peter Bielenberg. In her book
387:
198:
193:
2335:
383:
269:
2750:
314:
172:
265:
2822:
409:
Upon the completion of his task in 1942 Lange was transferred to the
197:"euthanasia" programme, and became one of the key originators of the
760:
Chelmno and the
Holocaust: The History of Hitler's First Death Camp
739:
The
Origins of Nazi Genocide: From Euthanasia to the Final Solution
636:
579:
Model Nazi - Arthur
Greiser and the Occupation of Western Poland
2771:
2271:
1352:
912:
781:
219:(SA) three months later, and the following year, he joined the
276:
named after him and tasked with the murder of mentally ill in
652:"Jewish Survivors of Chelmno Camp Testify at Trial of Guards"
1379:
Perpetrators, participants, organizations, and collaborators
469:
467:
635:. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC.
168:
3054:
Nazi concentration camp commandants killed in World War II
671:
669:
2936:
International Youth
Meeting Center in Oświęcim/Auschwitz
500:"Nazi Euthanasia Programme in Occupied Poland 1939-1945"
406:
of 1962–65, laid charges for at least 180,000 victims.
272:. In the beginning of 1940 he assumed command of an
2949:
2906:
2876:
2855:
2846:
2803:
2718:
2698:
2659:
2593:
2584:
2519:
2488:
2481:
2395:
2354:
2303:
2203:
2147:
2122:
1986:
1979:
1880:
1824:
1766:
1708:
1537:
1391:
1384:
1313:
1175:
1133:
1072:
1005:
953:
944:
151:
139:
127:
119:
100:
82:
62:
45:
23:
689:
582:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 145.
533:. Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team
167:(29 September 1909 – 20 April 1945) was a German
2298:Resistance, victims, documentation and technical
3049:Einsatzgruppen personnel killed in World War II
415:(Reich Main Security Office) and served under
2783:
2283:
1364:
924:
793:
357:(captain) and was appointed commander of the
8:
2969:Rescue of Jews by Poles during the Holocaust
394:. In April 1942 Lange's unit was renamed SS
297:. Lange served with Einsatzgruppe VI during
939:Camps, ghettos, execution sites and attacks
658:. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Archived from
563:
551:
485:
473:
179:until April 1942, as well as leader of the
2852:
2790:
2776:
2768:
2590:
2485:
2290:
2276:
2268:
1983:
1388:
1371:
1357:
1349:
950:
931:
917:
909:
905:
800:
786:
778:
443:describes her own interrogation by Lange.
229:, becoming a deputy commissioner in 1935.
31:
20:
675:
614:
351:a head. By December 1941 Lange was a SS-
2894:Extraordinary (Soviet) State Commission
716:
602:
525:Holocaust Research Project.org (2007).
463:
183:conducting the murder of Jews from the
2877:Polish, East German, and Soviet trials
2237:Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalions
639:ticket no. 2007071910012533 confirmed.
280:(Wielkopolska) under the direction of
3014:People from the Province of Pomerania
527:"Lange, Herbert; SS-Hauptsturmführer"
498:Hojan, Artur; Munro, Cameron (2015).
187:. Lange was responsible for numerous
7:
3064:Waffen-SS personnel killed in action
3059:Reich Security Main Office personnel
3019:Chełmno extermination camp personnel
531:Chelmno Death Camp Dramatis Personae
3024:Soldau concentration camp personnel
2798:Aftermath, trials and commemoration
809:Holocaust in German-occupied Poland
343:to kill 1,558 mental patients from
2959:Polish Righteous Among the Nations
309:, 1,558 patients and 300 Poles at
213:on 1 May 1932. He enlisted in the
14:
3034:Holocaust perpetrators in Germany
3009:People from Vorpommern-Greifswald
2641:Special Prosecution Book – Poland
431:, leading to his promotion to SS-
225:(SS). He subsequently joined the
3029:Holocaust perpetrators in Poland
2818:Population transfers (1944–1946)
1867:Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg
763:. I.B.Tauris. pp. 188–190.
742:. Univ of North Carolina Press.
106:
87:
2921:Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum
2833:Anti-Jewish violence, 1944–1946
688:Bielenberg, Christabel (1968).
2249:Schutzmannschaft Battalion 118
2225:36th Estonian Police Battalion
446:Lange was killed in action at
1:
2916:Monument to the Ghetto Heroes
2746:Human medical experimentation
16:German SS officer (1909–1945)
264:and posted in charge of the
158:(November 1941 – April 1942)
2951:Righteous Among the Nations
2838:Ministry of Public Security
2217:Belarusian Auxiliary Police
827:Related articles by country
576:Epstein, Catherine (2010).
313:, and hundreds of Poles at
181:SS Special Detachment Lange
3080:
2863:Frankfurt Auschwitz trials
2245:Ukrainian Auxiliary Police
757:Montague, Patrick (2012).
439:, Peter Bielenberg's wife
325:After his promotion to SS-
237:Lange entered Poland with
177:Chełmno extermination camp
156:Chełmno extermination camp
2767:
2636:Sobibor perpetrator album
2267:
2221:Estonian Auxiliary Police
1348:
1331:Human medical experiments
908:
904:
815:
412:Reichssicherheitshauptamt
333:Soldau concentration camp
30:
3039:Sturmabteilung personnel
2884:Auschwitz trial (Poland)
2229:Latvian Auxiliary Police
1962:Karl Eberhard Schöngarth
1464:Friedrich-Wilhelm Krüger
274:SS-Sonderkommando Lange,
2974:Garden of the Righteous
2726:Identification in camps
2719:Technical and logistics
2165:Order Police battalions
650:JTA (22 January 1963).
335:. In one special case,
233:Crimes against humanity
189:crimes against humanity
175:. He was commandant of
171:functionary during the
2387:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
1852:Heinrich Klaustermeyer
633:Holocaust Encyclopedia
396:Sonderkommando Kulmhof
53:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
2926:Majdanek State Museum
2059:Karl-Friedrich Höcker
963:Auschwitz II-Birkenau
696:. Chatto and Windus.
627:USHMM (11 May 2012).
441:Christabel Bielenberg
421:Nazi security warfare
120:Years of service
2403:Mordechai Anielewicz
2114:Elisabeth Volkenrath
1999:Jenny-Wanda Barkmann
1635:Arthur Liebehenschel
1560:Hermine Braunsteiner
1504:Arthur Seyss-Inquart
662:on 20 February 2014.
392:Ghetto Litzmannstadt
305:, 2,750 patients at
299:Operation Tannenberg
260:(2nd lieutenant) in
145:SS-Totenkopfverbände
2941:March of the Living
2813:Holocaust survivors
2677:Vrba–Wetzler report
2453:Alexander Pechersky
2413:Mordechai Tenenbaum
1862:Alexander Palfinger
1685:Johann Schwarzhuber
1245:Międzyrzec Podlaski
1224:Lviv pogroms (1941)
1125:Sonderaktion Krakau
617:, pp. 189–190.
488:, pp. 138–139.
454:on 20 April 1945.
282:SS-Standartenführer
3044:SS-Sturmbannführer
2856:West German trials
2651:Wannsee Conference
2438:Itzhak Katzenelson
2190:General Government
1675:Franz Reichleitner
1605:Fritz Hartjenstein
1595:Maximilian Grabner
1514:Bruno Streckenbach
1326:Grossaktion Warsaw
979:Operation Reinhard
734:Friedlander, Henry
692:The past is myself
437:The Past Is Myself
373:Sicherheitspolizei
359:Chełmno death camp
252:September campaign
211:NSDAP (Nazi Party)
133:SS-Sturmbannführer
51:Menzlin, Ziethen,
2986:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2902:
2901:
2763:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2714:
2713:
2706:Sonderaktion 1005
2580:
2579:
2263:
2262:
2241:Ypatingasis būrys
2143:
2142:
2084:Johanna Langefeld
2079:Hildegard Lächert
1975:
1974:
1811:Alfred Trzebinski
1776:Franz von Bodmann
1728:Lorenz Hackenholt
1570:Theodor van Eupen
1509:Jakob Sporrenberg
1344:
1343:
1068:
1067:
448:Bernau bei Berlin
379:Sicherheitsdienst
291:Obergruppenführer
162:
161:
73:Bernau bei Berlin
49:29 September 1909
3071:
2868:Treblinka trials
2853:
2792:
2785:
2778:
2769:
2667:Graebe affidavit
2660:Witness accounts
2606:Frank memorandum
2591:
2486:
2473:Szmul Zygielbojm
2463:Frumka Płotnicka
2423:Leon Feldhendler
2408:Icchak Cukierman
2362:Ghetto uprisings
2292:
2285:
2278:
2269:
2213:Schutzmannschaft
2034:Feodor Fedorenko
1984:
1892:Wolfgang Birkner
1680:Heinrich Schwarz
1670:Josef Oberhauser
1645:Heinrich Matthes
1529:Dieter Wisliceny
1519:Richard Thomalla
1494:Heinz Reinefarth
1444:Heinrich Himmler
1389:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1350:
1314:Other atrocities
951:
933:
926:
919:
910:
906:
802:
795:
788:
779:
774:
753:
720:
714:
708:
707:
695:
685:
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673:
664:
663:
647:
641:
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624:
618:
612:
606:
600:
594:
593:
573:
567:
564:Friedlander 1997
561:
555:
552:Friedlander 1997
549:
543:
542:
540:
538:
522:
516:
515:
513:
511:
495:
489:
486:Friedlander 1997
483:
477:
474:Friedlander 1997
471:
452:Battle of Berlin
364:Standartenführer
354:Hauptsturmführer
257:Untersturmführer
110:
102:
93:
91:
90:
69:
35:
21:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3068:
2989:
2988:
2987:
2978:
2945:
2898:
2889:Stutthof trials
2872:
2842:
2799:
2796:
2755:
2741:Holocaust train
2710:
2694:
2682:Witold's Report
2672:Gerstein Report
2655:
2621:Katzmann Report
2601:Auschwitz Album
2576:
2515:
2477:
2443:Michał Klepfisz
2391:
2350:
2299:
2296:
2259:
2199:
2169:Ordnungspolizei
2139:
2118:
2099:Erich Muhsfeldt
2029:Margot Dreschel
2014:Alexander Bülow
1971:
1967:Udo von Woyrsch
1957:Hermann Schaper
1952:Emanuel Schäfer
1937:Josef Meisinger
1897:Helmut Bischoff
1876:
1832:Heinz Auerswald
1820:
1762:
1710:
1704:
1700:Christian Wirth
1610:Gottlieb Hering
1533:
1499:Julian Scherner
1484:Georg Michalsen
1469:Franz Kutschera
1429:Odilo Globocnik
1380:
1377:
1340:
1309:
1171:
1129:
1110:Kielce cemetery
1064:
1001:
940:
937:
900:
811:
806:
771:
756:
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732:
729:
724:
723:
715:
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704:
687:
686:
682:
674:
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649:
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621:
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524:
523:
519:
509:
507:
497:
496:
492:
484:
480:
472:
465:
460:
433:Sturmbannführer
382:(SD) in Posen (
370:, chief of the
337:Wilhelm Rediess
328:Obersturmführer
320:carbon monoxide
278:Wartheland area
262:occupied Poland
235:
207:
88:
86:
71:
67:
50:
41:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3077:
3075:
3067:
3066:
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3051:
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3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2991:
2990:
2984:
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2979:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2955:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2931:Sobibór Museum
2928:
2923:
2918:
2912:
2910:
2904:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2886:
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2800:
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2765:
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2753:
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2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2722:
2720:
2716:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2702:
2700:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2688:Sonderkommando
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2631:Posen speeches
2628:
2626:Korherr Report
2623:
2618:
2616:Höfle telegram
2613:
2608:
2603:
2597:
2595:
2588:
2582:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2492:
2490:
2483:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2458:Witold Pilecki
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2433:Henryk Iwański
2430:
2428:Paweł Frenkiel
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2399:
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2393:
2392:
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2384:
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2301:
2300:
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2287:
2280:
2272:
2265:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2233:Arajs Kommando
2209:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2162:
2155:Einsatzgruppen
2151:
2149:
2145:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2111:
2109:Alice Orlowski
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2024:John Demjanjuk
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1990:
1988:
1981:
1977:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1922:Gerhard Flesch
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1888:
1886:
1883:Einsatzgruppen
1878:
1877:
1875:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1828:
1826:
1825:Ghetto command
1822:
1821:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1806:Horst Schumann
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1772:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1755:
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1720:
1714:
1712:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1665:Johann Niemann
1662:
1657:
1652:
1650:Hermann Michel
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1625:Karl-Otto Koch
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1565:Irmfried Eberl
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1454:Fritz Katzmann
1451:
1446:
1441:
1439:Arthur Greiser
1436:
1434:Richard Glücks
1431:
1426:
1421:
1419:Ludwig Fischer
1416:
1411:
1409:Adolf Eichmann
1406:
1401:
1395:
1393:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1368:
1361:
1353:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1181:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1076:
1074:
1073:Mass shootings
1070:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1062:
1060:Danzig-Matzkau
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1025:Kraków-Płaszów
1022:
1017:
1011:
1009:
1003:
1002:
1000:
999:
998:
997:
992:
987:
975:
970:
965:
959:
957:
948:
942:
941:
938:
936:
935:
928:
921:
913:
902:
901:
899:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
825:
820:
816:
813:
812:
807:
805:
804:
797:
790:
782:
776:
775:
770:978-1848857223
769:
754:
749:978-0807846759
748:
728:
725:
722:
721:
719:, p. 338.
709:
702:
680:
678:, p. 190.
665:
642:
619:
607:
605:, p. 188.
595:
589:978-0199646531
588:
568:
556:
554:, p. 139.
544:
517:
490:
478:
476:, p. 138.
462:
461:
459:
456:
425:Arthur Greiser
404:Chełmno trials
341:Kommando Lange
234:
231:
216:Sturmabteilung
206:
203:
160:
159:
153:
149:
148:
141:
137:
136:
129:
125:
124:
121:
117:
116:
104:
98:
97:
84:
80:
79:
70:(aged 35)
64:
60:
59:
47:
43:
42:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3076:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2948:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2905:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2875:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2858:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2828:Kielce pogrom
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2802:
2793:
2788:
2786:
2781:
2779:
2774:
2773:
2770:
2766:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2717:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2697:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2646:Stroop Report
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2586:Documentation
2583:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2484:
2480:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2418:Marek Edelman
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2394:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2359:
2357:
2353:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2304:Organizations
2302:
2293:
2288:
2286:
2281:
2279:
2274:
2273:
2270:
2266:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2205:Collaboration
2202:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:Organizations
2146:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2094:Eduard Lorenz
2092:
2090:
2089:Anton Lechner
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2074:Josef Kollmer
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2044:Kurt Gerstein
2042:
2040:
2039:Hans Hoffmann
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2009:Juana Bormann
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1978:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1947:Erich Naumann
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1902:Lothar Beutel
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1873:
1872:Jürgen Stroop
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1842:Josef Blösche
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1823:
1817:
1816:Eduard Wirths
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1801:Josef Mengele
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1791:Horst Fischer
1789:
1787:
1786:Karl Gebhardt
1784:
1782:
1781:Carl Clauberg
1779:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1765:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1753:Ludwig Plagge
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1743:Herbert Lange
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1723:Kurt Bolender
1721:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1707:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1695:Gustav Wagner
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1620:Franz Hössler
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1585:Karl Fritzsch
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1555:Wilhelm Boger
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1536:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1474:Erwin Lambert
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1459:Wilhelm Koppe
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1449:Hermann Höfle
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1414:Theodor Eicke
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1387:
1383:
1374:
1369:
1367:
1362:
1360:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1347:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1312:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1174:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1115:Aktion Krakau
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1085:Bloody Sunday
1083:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1007:Concentration
1004:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
982:
981:
980:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
958:
956:
955:Extermination
952:
949:
947:
943:
934:
929:
927:
922:
920:
915:
914:
911:
907:
903:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
826:
824:
823:The Holocaust
821:
818:
817:
814:
810:
803:
798:
796:
791:
789:
784:
783:
780:
772:
766:
762:
761:
755:
751:
745:
741:
740:
735:
731:
730:
726:
718:
713:
710:
705:
699:
694:
693:
684:
681:
677:
676:Montague 2012
672:
670:
666:
661:
657:
653:
646:
643:
638:
634:
630:
623:
620:
616:
615:Montague 2012
611:
608:
604:
599:
596:
591:
585:
581:
580:
572:
569:
565:
560:
557:
553:
548:
545:
532:
528:
521:
518:
505:
501:
494:
491:
487:
482:
479:
475:
470:
468:
464:
457:
455:
453:
449:
444:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
413:
407:
405:
401:
400:Hans Bothmann
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
380:
375:
374:
369:
366:
365:
360:
356:
355:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
329:
323:
321:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
295:Wilhelm Koppe
293:
292:
286:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
258:
253:
250:) during the
249:
245:
242:
241:
240:Einsatzgruppe
232:
230:
228:
224:
223:
222:Schutzstaffel
218:
217:
212:
204:
202:
200:
196:
195:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
165:Herbert Lange
157:
154:
150:
147:
146:
142:
138:
135:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
115:
114:
113:Schutzstaffel
109:
105:
99:
96:
85:
81:
78:
74:
66:20 April 1945
65:
61:
58:
57:German Empire
54:
48:
44:
40:
37:Lange before
34:
29:
25:Herbert Lange
22:
19:
2687:
2611:Höcker Album
2594:Nazi sources
2482:Victim lists
2448:Miles Lerman
2255:Trawniki men
2195:Hotel Polski
2104:Detlef Nebbe
2069:Oswald Kaduk
2064:Karl Jeschke
1942:Bruno Müller
1932:Felix Landau
1917:Ernst Damzog
1912:Karl Brunner
1881:
1857:Franz Konrad
1758:Adolf Theuer
1742:
1711:executioners
1690:Franz Stangl
1660:Robert Mulka
1630:Josef Kramer
1580:Karl Frenzel
1550:Richard Baer
1545:Hans Aumeier
1538:Camp command
1524:Otto Wächter
1404:Josef Bühler
1399:Viktor Brack
1385:Perpetrators
977:
819:Main article
759:
738:
717:Epstein 2010
712:
691:
683:
660:the original
655:
645:
632:
622:
610:
603:Epstein 2010
598:
578:
571:
559:
547:
535:. Retrieved
530:
520:
508:. Retrieved
503:
493:
481:
445:
436:
432:
429:20 July Plot
410:
408:
395:
377:
371:
368:Ernst Damzog
362:
352:
345:East Prussia
340:
326:
324:
288:
285:Ernst Damzog
281:
273:
268:in occupied
255:
238:
236:
227:police force
220:
214:
208:
192:
180:
164:
163:
143:
131:
111:
95:Nazi Germany
77:Nazi Germany
68:(1945-04-20)
39:World War II
18:
3004:1945 deaths
2999:1909 births
2731:Gas chamber
2699:Concealment
2690:photographs
2537:Gross-Rosen
2506:Lviv (Lwów)
2468:Roza Robota
2372:Częstochowa
2004:Herta Bothe
1994:Hans Anhalt
1987:Camp guards
1927:Ludwig Hahn
1907:Paul Blobel
1847:Franz Bürkl
1837:Hans Biebow
1796:Fritz Klein
1733:Josef Klehr
1718:Erich Bauer
1709:Gas chamber
1655:Karl Möckel
1640:Maria Mandl
1615:Rudolf Höss
1600:Otto Hantke
1489:Oswald Pohl
1479:Ernst Lerch
1290:Stanisławów
1200:Częstochowa
1090:Bronna Góra
1020:Gross-Rosen
1015:Auschwitz I
656:JTA Archive
450:during the
417:Arthur Nebe
376:(SiPo) and
361:by then SS-
349:Reichsmarks
185:Łódź Ghetto
2993:Categories
2054:Irma Grese
2049:Paul Götze
2019:Luise Danz
1768:Physicians
1575:Kurt Franz
1424:Hans Frank
1392:Organizers
1336:Heidelager
727:References
703:0701113332
83:Allegiance
2908:Memorials
2805:Aftermath
2572:Treblinka
2527:Auschwitz
2382:Treblinka
2367:Białystok
2355:Uprisings
2135:Treblinka
1980:Personnel
1748:Otto Moll
1738:Hans Koch
1590:Amon Göth
1321:Action T4
1285:Sosnowiec
1255:Nowy Sącz
1190:Białystok
1157:Szczuczyn
1105:Erntefest
1095:Bydgoszcz
1080:Białystok
995:Treblinka
871:Lithuania
736:(1997) .
629:"Chelmno"
388:Warthegau
311:Działdowo
205:Biography
199:Holocaust
194:Aktion T4
123:1932–1945
2751:Zyklon B
2567:Trawniki
2562:Stutthof
2547:Majdanek
1295:Tarnopol
1235:Lubartów
1147:Jedwabne
1050:Trawniki
1040:Stutthof
1030:Potulice
973:Majdanek
891:Slovakia
347:for ten
315:Fort VII
173:Nazi era
152:Commands
101:Service/
2736:Gas van
2552:Sobibór
2489:Ghettos
2396:Leaders
2377:Sobibor
2130:Sobibor
2123:By camp
1270:Siedlce
1177:Ghettos
1162:Tykocin
1134:Pogroms
1120:Palmiry
1045:Szebnie
990:Sobibor
968:Chełmno
896:Ukraine
881:Romania
861:Germany
851:Estonia
846:Denmark
841:Croatia
836:Belgium
831:Belarus
307:Kościan
303:Owińska
266:Gestapo
244:Naumann
2848:Trials
2823:Bricha
2557:Soldau
2542:Izbica
2532:Bełżec
2511:Warsaw
2496:Kraków
2336:Żegota
1305:Warsaw
1280:Słonim
1275:Sambor
1250:Mizocz
1240:Lublin
1215:Kraków
1210:Kielce
1205:Grodno
1185:Będzin
1167:Wąsosz
1143:(1946)
1141:Kielce
1055:Warsaw
1035:Soldau
985:Belzec
886:Russia
876:Norway
866:Latvia
856:France
767:
746:
700:
586:
537:13 May
510:2 July
384:Poznań
339:hired
270:Poznań
103:branch
92:
2520:Camps
2180:RKFDV
1300:Wilno
1265:Radom
1260:Pińsk
1195:Brest
1100:Dynów
946:Camps
458:Notes
248:EG VI
2963:List
2501:Łódź
2321:Bund
2185:VoMi
2175:WVHA
1230:Łódź
1220:Lwów
1152:Lviv
765:ISBN
744:ISBN
698:ISBN
637:OTRS
584:ISBN
539:2013
512:2015
390:via
287:and
140:Unit
128:Rank
63:Died
46:Born
2346:ŻZW
2341:ŻOB
2331:PKB
2316:AOB
289:SS-
2995::
2326:GL
2311:AK
2247:/
2243:,
2239:,
2235:,
2231:,
2227:,
2223:/
2219:,
2159:SS
668:^
654:.
631:.
529:.
502:.
466:^
322:.
201:.
169:SS
75:,
55:,
2965:)
2961:(
2791:e
2784:t
2777:v
2291:e
2284:t
2277:v
2251:)
2215:(
2171:)
2167:(
2161:)
2157:(
1372:e
1365:t
1358:v
1226:)
1222:(
932:e
925:t
918:v
801:e
794:t
787:v
773:.
752:.
706:.
592:.
541:.
514:.
246:(
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