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The fort is oblong in shape, and measures 485 feet (148 m) north to south and 445 feet (136 m) east to west, giving and area of just over 5 acres (20,000 m). There was a gate in each of the four walls, which were of stone backed by a bank of earth. It appears that an early 1st-century
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along the southern coast of
Scotland, using overwhelming military power to establish Roman control. He built a network of military roads and forts to secure the Roman occupation and Bremenium was built around 80 AD. Existing forts were strengthened and new ones planted in northeastern Scotland along
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The fort is now part of the village green of
Rochester, but there are still remains to see. The west wall is the best preserved and consists of a nine-feet-high bank with stone facing. The west gate is complete to the springing of the arch. However, much of the stonework has been plundered over the
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The fort is unusual, in that it had 3rd-century artillery defences. The walls were thicker than most Roman forts and had stone platforms projecting 32 feet (9.8 m) back from the wall, on which were placed catapult-like machines for hurling missiles. These machines, a smaller version of the
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the
Highland Line, consolidating control of the glens that provided access to and from the Scottish Highlands. The line of military communication and supply across southeastern Scotland and northeastern England was Dere Street (on which Bremenium was located) which was well-fortified.
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After
Agricola was recalled from Britain in 84 AD the Romans retired to a more defensible line along the Forth–Clyde isthmus. In the 120s Hadrian established the frontier further south by building his wall, and Bremeniun remained outside it as an "outpost" fort.
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means 'The Place of the
Roaring Stream'. The site is in a strong position, occupying the end of a ridge with the ground falling away steeply to the north and west, and giving a clear view over the Rede Valley and beyond.
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Excavations were carried out in 1852 and 1855, but were poorly recorded. A small dig was also carried out in 1935. The excavations established that the interior of the fort was crowded with buildings, many with
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Defensive ditches can still be seen to the north and east, outside which Dere Street passes. Early temporary marching camps at
Redesdale are visible across the Sills Burn from the fort.
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A separate Roman road ran eastwards from
Bremenium to the Roman fort at Learchild, where it joined up with the
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fort with a turf rampart occupied the site, and that it was replaced by a stone fort during the time that
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in 142 AD. The fort remained occupied even after the abandonment of the
Antonine Wall in the early 160s.
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Frank Graham, The Roman Wall, Comprehensive
History and Guide (1979), Frank Graham,
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The
Germany and the Agricola of Tacitus (revised translation, with notes)
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was Governor of Britain. He stayed there on his way north to build the
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427:(infantry). In the 3rd century the garrison was the First Cohort of
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J. Collingwood Bruce, Roman Wall (1863), Harold Hill & Son,
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In the 2nd century the garrison was the First Cohort of
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540:http://www.roman-britain.co.uk/places/bremenium/
308:on the A68 road between Corbridge and Jedburgh.
249:. Significantly the fort is a long way north of
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423:(part-mounted and 500 strong), and then the
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343:advanced again in the 140s and built the
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538:BREMENIVM Roman Fort and Marching Camps
431:(part-mounted and one thousand strong).
253:. It was one of the last forts north of
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175:High Rochester surroundings and cemetery
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300:The fort is situated in the village of
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27:Roman fort in Northumberland, England
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323:In 79 AD Agricola moved against the
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183:Defensive ditches at High Rochester
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167:Forts in northern Britain 270 AD
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570:Roman fortifications in England
206:(High Rochester) is an ancient
159:High Rochester and nearby forts
311:It was one of the forts along
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575:Roman sites in Northumberland
369:miles (14 km) north of
327:of northern England and the
60:Western gateway to Bremenium
440:years for local buildings.
191:Bremenium groundplan (1902)
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508:Tacitus, Publius Cornelius
425:First Cohort of Dalmatians
580:Rochester, Northumberland
545:Bremenium Dedication Slab
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468:Featherwood Roman Camps
393:Quintus Lollius Urbicus
514:, C. M. Barnes Company
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319:Historical background
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270:Antonine Itinerary
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260:The fort's name,
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16:(Redirected from
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491:Life of Agricola
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141:Grid reference
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129:55.281; -2.264
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91:Location in
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493:, Ch. 20–21
444:Excavations
351:Description
313:Dere Street
231:Dere Street
199:Lidar image
127: /
103:Coordinates
564:Categories
489::365–366,
474:References
463:Chew Green
451:hypocausts
429:Vardulians
376:Habitancum
278:Geographia
235:Roman road
112:55°16′52″N
510:(1897) ,
381:Bremenium
371:Risingham
325:Brigantes
306:Otterburn
302:Rochester
274:Ptolemy's
262:Bremenium
243:Corbridge
219:Rochester
204:Bremenium
115:2°15′50″W
85:Bremenium
35:Bremenium
457:See also
421:Lingones
415:Garrison
405:ballista
329:Selgovae
296:Location
147:NY832985
501:Sources
364:⁄
247:Melrose
227:England
215:castrum
46:England
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409:onagri
268:, the
208:Roman
48:, UK
530:ISBN
520:ISBN
272:and
239:York
233:, a
211:fort
241:to
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