934:, and CCLVI Bde was allocated two batteries of CXII Bde to make up its losses. The Germans maintained the pressure on the following day. Attempting to widen the hole in the flank, large numbers of Germans were seen at 2,000 yards (1,800 m) range: all four of CCLVI Bde's batteries hauled their guns out of their pits, swung them round, and engaged the enemy over open sights, inflicting such heavy casualties that further progress was checked for a time. B Battery then fired smoke to cover the advance of a battalion of British tanks coming up. When the Germans ran from this counter-attack, the four batteries again did great execution, and were able to catch the German artillery coming up to support their infantry, B Bty's 18-pdrs and D Bty's howitzers combining to destroy two guns and their teams and prevent the enemy battery from coming into action. The brigade fired continuously for four hours over open sights, the howitzers using instantaneous
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two days, keeping their men well under control during a series of fighting withdrawals. During 12 April an enemy breakthrough threatened the gun lines; while 153rd Bde HQ staff manned an improvised defence line, CCLVI Bde opened fire at ranges down to 500 yards (460 m) then limbered up its guns and the batteries withdrew in succession. The last to leave was D Bty, which only cleared its position when the enemy were within 300 yards (270 m) and several killed and wounded horses had to be cut out of their traces. That battery's liaison officer with the infantry was last seen emptying his revolver into the enemy at close quarters. By 13.00 the brigade was in new positions on the Robecq–St Venant road, collecting its ammunition from a dump that had already been set on fire. During 13 April 51st (H) Division was able to patch up a defence line, which it held for the next 10 days.
721:. The attack was helped by a dense fog, which screened the infantry from retaliatory shellfire as they struggled through the mud towards their objectives. The barrage halted for an hour on the first objective before moving on. Some of the infantry were held up by machine guns in the notorious 'Y Ravine', which had caused so much trouble on 1 July, but reserves were employed and both attacking brigades had reached the third German trench line (the Purple Line) by 07.50. The Green Line was next taken, but the fourth wave of attackers lost the barrage on their way to the final (Yellow) objectives and had to pull back to the Green Line to consolidate a position in captured trenches. Beaumont Hamel had finally fallen, and 51st (Highland) Division had gone some way to shaking off the 'Harper's Duds' slur.
690:
969:. The infantry and artillery together held the line through the next critical days. On 10 April 2/Lt R. Scott of CCLVI Bde observed a party of Germans digging into the riverbank and called forward a single gun to engage them. When this arrived at the position selected by Scott, it fired 96 rounds in three hours, causing heavy casualties. That evening Germans were observed collecting for a new attack, and the artillery laid down harassing fire on their approach roads through the night. Soon after dawn the battery positions became untenable, so they opened rapid fire on the advancing enemy as each battery in turn withdrew to its new position and resumed covering fire for the others, CCLVI Bde ending up near Le Cornet Malo.
1382:. They were ready by the morning, and from 13.00 on 29 May they were engaged in an infantry fight while the guns fired over open sights. That night the 'riflemen' joined the newly arrived South Lancashires in a counter-attack that restored the situation somewhat. The regimental historian comments that 'undoubtedly these Gunners save d a potentially critical situation by their rapid action'. The regiment remained in action during 30 May, firing all day and receiving many casualties from shelling and bombing. At 15.00 on 31 May Lt-Col Vaudrey was ordered to destroy all equipment and move to the beaches for embarkation that night. The regiment lost further casualties from enemy shellfire while marching along the beach to
1554:
1000:, while the division's infantry had attacked behind a barrage fired by French and Italian field guns. An enemy counter-attack was expected, so the batteries were withdrawn at dusk, leaving a few guns in close support of the infantry during the night. In fact, the Germans withdrew across the Marne, and when the division attacked again the following morning the information on enemy positions was so poor that the barrage was fired too far ahead to be of use. On 23 and 27 July the division put in better-organised attacks behind barrages fired by its own artillery supported by French guns, against the now-retreating Germans. On 28 July, in the closing stages of the battle, CCLVI Bde moved up through the village of
556:
675:. German sources reported that the shelling was of 'painful accuracy' and prevented the troops in High Wood from being relieved, despite the number of casualties they suffered. At 01.30 the following morning the division attacked, but by 03.00 they were back on their start line having suffered heavy casualties of their own. British gunners had difficulty supporting attacks on High Wood, because they had to fire over Bazentin Ridge. The low elevation of the guns meant that shells skimmed the British trenches, the margin for error was small and numerous complaints were made that British infantry casualties were caused by
814:). Two thirds of the field guns fired a creeping barrage, the other third and the 4.5-inch howitzers provided the standing barrage. 51st (H) Division reached the German second line and was consolidating when it was hit by a German counter-bombardment followed by a counter-attack. The British guns fired their pre-arranged protective barrages and destroyed the counterattack. Gains had been made, but now the rain came, and the guns had to move up through shell-churned mud to fresh positions before the attack could be renewed, and continued to suffer badly from German CB fire. 51st (H) Division was relieved on 8 August.
1474:
2035:
923:
1403:
938:. Luckily the brigade was close to the divisional ammunition dump, and there was no shortage: the 18 surviving guns of the brigade fired 18,100 rounds of 18-pdr ammunition, and 2500 of howitzer; B Bty alone fired 1750 rounds per gun (rpg). By the time the German guns were able to fire it was dusk, and CCLVI Bde slipped away to the new line being taken up by 51st (H) Division. That night 51st (H) Divisional Artillery received 17 new guns to replace those it had lost. All the field artillery covering the divisional front was placed under the command of Lt-Col L.M. Dyson, CO of CCLVI Bde.
906:. Within 15 minutes almost all communications had been knocked out, and the mist prevented observation. The German bombardment slackened off on 51st (H) Division's front after 07.00, but remained intense on 6th Division. At 09.53 one of CCLVI Bde's observation posts (OPs), which still had a telephone line, reported men moving between the British front and support lines. Two minutes later, the two young officers manning it, 2/Lts W.H. Crowder and J. Stuart, confirmed that these were German troops, and at 10.00 they reported that their OP was surrounded and that the Germans were throwing
372:
1705:
1768:
1343:. For 76th Field Rgt firing continued throughout the day, with some of the Troops taking up alternate positions at Ste Veronique in the evening, but with B and E Trps still in forward positions. At 17.00 on 17 May the regiment was ordered to pull out and retire to Vondelin, about 13 miles (21 km) west of Brussels. It was a difficult night move along roads packed with refugees and under bombing, but at dawn the regiment deployed in good positions in support of 9th Bde on the
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artillery probed these curious mounds by firing a 4.5-inch howitzer at one: it exploded, revealing the lice to be ammunition dumps. A divisional shoot was therefore prepared, and CCLVI Bde alone caused over 100 of these dumps to explode within 90 minutes. Probing fire revealed similar dumps in all the known German gun positions, whether or not they were occupied. To meet the anticipated attack, 51st (H) Division deployed its guns in depth. Each RFA brigade (CCLVI was supporting
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Highland's men were held up by unsubdued machine guns and drifted away from their barrage. The following day the brigade's CO, Lt-Col L.M. Dyson, personally went forward to reconnoitre the confused situation on the division's front, finding that the objective of Point de Jour was only partially held. After the first day the successes were harder won: the
British guns had to move up through appalling conditions, and the follow-up attacks were less well planned and executed.
1764:) but there was plenty of warning and the advance was easily repulsed. 51st (H) Division had already moved most of its artillery south in waiting for the attack, leaving three Troops to move and fire between various positions to simulate the whole divisional artillery remaining in its old positions. 127th Fd Rgt fired one full regimental task against a group of Axis infantry but was otherwise hardly engaged. Thereafter it was on harassing fire (HF) tasks.
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62:
79:
656:
911:
heavy toll of the German infantry. 2/Lieutenant A.B. McQueen of A/CCLVI Bty engaged large enemy parties at ranges of 400 yards (370 m) to 400 yards (370 m), causing heavy casualties. When the
Germans got a machine gun firing into the emplacement in enfilade, McQueen destroyed his gun by putting one shell in the muzzle and another in the breech and firing it with a long rope. His detachment then withdrew with a
950:. 51st (H) continued to hold the Red Line all day, forming a defensive flank, before falling back during the night. On 25 March 51st (H) Division was presented with some remarkable targets of German masses at long range, which were prevented from closing, but the enemy continued to move round the flank. However, reserves came up, and the exhausted 51st (H) Division was finally withdrawn that evening for rest.
919:. The mist had cleared about midday and despite their heavy casualties the batteries could now fire at observed targets. On 51st (H) Division's front the attacking Germans described the British artillery fire as 'unbearable'. However, the division's flank had already been turned, and 153rd Bde had to fall back to a 'switch' line while the rear of the main battle zone was firmly held from about 15.00.
318:
half battery between 1866 and 1875. In 1867 the 4th AVC was increased to four batteries, in 1868 to six batteries with its own lieutenant-colonel commandant (Frank
Stewart-Sandeman, who commanded the Administrative Brigade as well from 1872), and to seven batteries in 1879. The headquarters (HQ) of the Administrative Brigade moved to Broughty Ferry in 1862 and back to Dundee in 1875. In 1876 the 2nd (
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forward positions and the infantry began to advance. After a further 7 minutes the guns began firing concentrations at a succession of specific locations. The whole artillery programme lasted for 5 hours 30 minutes. 51st (H) Division ran into several centres of resistance and only on the extreme left did it reach its final objective; however, the 'break-in' phase of the battle had started well.
829:), supported by 22 batteries of 18-pdrs and six of 4.5s. At first the going was heavy and there was strong German resistance at 'Pheasant Trench', but thereafter there were no problems and the brigade had occupied its final objective across the spur by 08.25. A heavy German bombardment in the afternoon was followed by a counter-attack, but this was completely destroyed by the British artillery.
473:
2126:). It began at 05.00 on 8 February with a huge artillery preparation, after which 153 Bde attacked at 13.00 and were on their objectives by 23.00 that night. Over the next two days the regiment fired smoke and HE to help the brigade continue the advance through the forest. Captain Swaab acting as FOO brought down fire on Germans retreating along the
1732:'s attack. On the night of 25/26 October 51st (H) Division made progress towards its own objective as the 'dog-fight' phase continued. The 'break-out' phase began on the night of 1/2 November with Operation Supercharge, preceded by another powerful barrage. In the early hours of 4 November 51st (H) Division broke through to the Rahman Track, and the
1537:; two of these were total wrecks. There were significant casualties among the SP guns and crews. 3rd Division's advance was slowed by congestion on the beaches and by enemy strongpoints. Artillery support and two attacks were required to overcome the strongpoint codenamed 'Hillman', and the division failed in its bid to take
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where they could cover the main approaches over open sights. On the afternoon of 20 March a patrol observed large numbers of German troops in fighting order entering their trenches, obviously preparing for an attack. All the available divisional and corps guns opened fire on these assembly trenches and the Agache Valley.
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the division crossed the Orne and attacked along the left flank of the main armoured thrust. The infantry attacked behind their barrage at 07.45, and it took all day to work through the villages on the left flank. Attempts to advance on the following day failed. In early August 3 Division was shifted
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together formed 'Alderson's Force', which relieved the attacking divisions at the end of the first day's fighting. It was also engaged at the Battle of
Givenchy (15–16 June). Afterwards the division was moved to a quiet front to gain more experience. 1/II Highland Bde's old 15-pounders were replaced
341:
In 1880 the
Volunteer Force was consolidated into larger units. The 1st Forfar Administrative Brigade became the 1st Forfarshire (Forfar and Kincardine) AVC in March 1880, but the three Kincardine batteries returned to the 1st Aberdeen in May 1882 and the 'Forfar and Kincardine' subtitle was dropped.
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with red band and white feather plume, while the belts were black. The original 4th AVC at
Broughty Ferry wore the same uniform as the 1st; the renumbered 4th AVC at Dundee wore the same uniform as the 3rd, but the shako had an olive green band and red piping. From 1878 to 1908 the whole unit wore a
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came under heavy shellfire. The main attack followed on 20/21 March with another massive night barrage, 127th Fd Rgt's guns firing an average of 430 rounds each. But little progress was made over the Wadi
Zigzaou for the first two days and the line held until it was outflanked by other forces in the
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During the fighting on 11 April, a large number of stragglers separated for their units were gathered at 153rd Bde HQ, and volunteers were called from CCLVI Bde and an
Australian field artillery brigade to officer these men. Two officers of CCLVI Bde acted as infantry platoon commanders for the next
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Over the next two days the division retired slowly, its units becoming increasingly tired and reduced in numbers. On 23 March the very weak 152nd Bde threw back three attacks with rifle and artillery fire. Next day the division pulled back into the Red (fourth) Line behind other formations that took
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on the division's left) deployed nine 18-pdrs and four 4.5s forward, with the remainder of the guns in the main battery positions 3,500 yards (3,200 m) back. In addition 51st
Divisional Artillery deployed seven single 18-pdrs and two old 15-pdrs as anti-tank guns in the support and reserve line
317:
James
Erskine. Each of the original corps consisted of a single battery, but in 1862 the units at Broughty Ferry amalgamated as a two-battery unit (the 3rd) and those at Dundee as a three-battery corps (the 4th). The 1st AVC at Arbroath added batteries in 1865 and 1877, and the 2nd had an additional
790:'. 51st (H) Division distinguished itself in the eventual capture and defence of Roeux; CCLVI Bde first helped 4th Division take the west end of the village on 13 May, then 152nd Bde of 51st (H) Division occupied the rest during the night and held it against counter-attacks over the following days.
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on 25 December. Reports of German troops disguised in American uniforms led to heightened security: without his identity card the regiment's CO, Lt-Col Maurice Burnett, was required by US troops to take down his trousers to check that he was not wearing German underpants. On 2 January the regiment
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into it. No further message was received. 153rd Brigade's battalion manning the front and support line had been overrun, and 6th Division's front had been penetrated. Most of CCLVI Bde's forward and anti-tank guns had been destroyed by shellfire, but as the mist began to clear the survivors took a
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were invited to volunteer for Overseas Service. On 15 August the WO issued instructions to separate those men who had signed up for Home Service only, and form these into reserve units. Then on 31 August the formation of a reserve or 2nd Line unit was authorised for each 1st Line unit where 60 per
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had enough 25-pounders to allow them to be concentrated and switched from one set-piece target to another. Almost every gun was used to neutralise enemy batteries. The bombardment began at 21.40 on 23 October and lasted for 15 minutes; then after 5 minutes silence they opened again on the enemy's
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together with army brigades and heavies. The attack went well, even though in some places the infantry lost the barrage. The Germans were now badly shaken and exhausted, and the campaign developed into a pursuit, although one serious counter-attack was broken up by the guns on 1 November. From 29
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ridge, where many were knocked out by unsuppressed enemy guns. Artillery support could not be requested because of broken communications. The fight at Flesquières went on all afternoon, but the Highlanders made little ground. However, the defenders in the village were almost cut off, and withdrew
379:
The AVCs were intended to serve as garrison artillery manning fixed defences, but a number of the early units manned semi-mobile 'position batteries' of smooth-bore field guns pulled by agricultural horses. The Dundee batteries of the 1st Forfarshire AVC had two batteries of four field guns from
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The establishment of a TA divisional artillery brigade was four 6-gun batteries, three equipped with 18-pounders and one with 4.5-inch howitzers, all of First World War patterns. However, the batteries only held four guns in peacetime. The guns and their first-line ammunition wagons were still
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In 1924 the RFA was subsumed into the Royal Artillery (RA), and the word 'Field' was inserted into the titles of its brigades and batteries. At the same time the brigade dropped the definite article 'The' from its battery subtitles, while Forfarshire' and 'Fifeshire' became simply 'Forfar' and
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On 23 June the division expanded the bridgehead by a night attack at Ste Honorine la Chardonnerette. The guns had remained silent before the attack to ensure surprise, after which the enemy's successive attempts to recover the village were stopped by artillery fire. The division supported 3rd
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to capture Caen, which was proceeded by air and naval bombardment before the full artillery barrage opened at 04.20 on 8 July. The infantry followed the barrage and made good progress, and by the end of the day 3rd Division was pushing along the Orne towards the city centre. The operation was
885:
In March 1918 it was clear that the Germans were planning a major offensive on the Western Front. Air photos revealed signs of these preparations on 51st (H) Division's front, including numerous rectangular mounds in the valley of the River Agache that the staff dubbed 'lice'. The divisional
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on each objective in turn. The barrage lasted for over 10 hours, advancing at a prescribed rate onto the final objective, over 7,000 yards (6,400 m) from the guns, some of which were moved forward during the day. Overall, XVII Corps' attack was a great success, even though some of 51st
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was that the two-battery organisation did not work: field regiments were intended to support an infantry brigade of three battalions. As a result, they were reorganised into three 8-gun batteries, but it was not until late 1940 that the RA had enough trained battery staffs to carry out the
547:
cent or more of the men had volunteered for Overseas Service. The titles of these 2nd Line units would be the same as the original, but distinguished by a '2/' prefix. In this way duplicate batteries, brigades and divisions were created, mirroring those TF formations being sent overseas.
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On the outbreak of war 76th (Highland) Field Rgt mobilised in 51st (H) Division under the command of Lt-Col J.S.C. Sharp, still equipped with its First World War-era 18-pounders and 4.5-inch howitzer, though now on pneumatic tyres and towed by gun tractors. On 1 October 1939 it moved to
526:
A warning order of the imminence of war was received at the Highland Division's HQ on 29 July 1914, and the order to mobilise was received at 17.35 on Tuesday 4 August 1914. Mobilisation began the following day at unit drill halls. On 12 August the division was ordered to concentrate at
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to provide a barrage for its own division's attack on the second objective against little opposition. The division attacked Greenland Hill the following day and failed to capture it, but succeeded two days later behind another barrage from 51st (H) and 16th (I) divisional artillery.
1305:, with RHQ at Eegenhoven. The heavily wooded position was difficult to occupy, but 303 Battery with 4.5-inch howitzers straddled the road running east from Berthem, while 302 Bty with its 18-pdrs was south of the main Louvain–Maline road. The Observation Posts (OPs) were with
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The original uniform of the 1st Forfarshire AVC at Arbroath was a blue hooked tunic and trousers, the latter carrying a broad red stripe and the former with scarlet collar and cuffs, black braid round the front and black cord Austrian knots on the sleeves. White belts and a
686:, and their 'HD' formation badge). The division was withdrawn from the front on 7 August for rest and reorganisation. On 23 August CCLVI Bde was reorganised again: B Bty and the Left Section of C Bty of CCLVIII Bde joined to make A, B and C Btys up to six 18-pounders each.
388:, which were manned by two of the Dundee garrison batteries. In 1891 this was numbered the 1st Position Battery and the remaining garrison batteries were redesignated companies (Nos 2–6 at Dundee, 7–9 at Arbroath, 10 at Montrose, 11–12 at Broughty Ferry and 13 at Perth).
717:(a recent innovation) moving in front of the infantry at 100 yards (91 m) every five minutes. A quarter of the 18-pounders deliberately fired 100 yards (91 m) short of the barrage line – this would have suppressed German outposts sheltering in shell craters in
1747:
in January 1943. 491 Field Bty claimed that four of its guns were the first Eighth Army guns in the deserted city, having used all of the regiment's available petrol to get there. The regiment took part in the victory parade in the city. By 25 February it was past
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in 1928 and 301 Battery changed its subtitle to 'Angus' in August 1937. In 1938 the RA modernised its nomenclature and a lieutenant-colonel's command was designated a 'regiment' rather than a 'brigade'; this applied to TA field brigades from 1 November 1938.
1322:, but the artillery concentrations caused the leading troops to draw back. In the evening they began a series of attacks on 3rd Division's positions. During 15 May the regiment came under air attack, and there were several casualties in RHQ and 302 Bty.
3058:
1901:). One gun of E Troop, 127th Fd Rgt, fired a test round on the evening of 2 September, claiming to be the first British field gun to drop a round on mainland Italy during the war, and OP parties did cross with the assault troops to direct the fire.
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Canal that had been seized by British airborne troops on D-Day. The most serious attack came on 9 June, when 3rd Division's field guns fired 'devastatingly accurate pre-arranged defensive fire' (DF) tasks across the Orne that broke up the attack.
1113:
was temporarily attached to the brigade. In November a new CCCXXII Bde of 18-pdr batteries was raised by V Reserve Bde, RFA, and joined the division, but on 29 January 1917 this was broken up to bring the existing batteries up to six guns each.
2157:). OP parties from the regiment were among the first troops across the river on the night of 23/24 March, while the guns fired throughout the night just 600 yards from the river and under frequent return fire. The division fought its way into
679:. Worn guns, defective ammunition and inaccurate information about the location of British infantry positions were blamed for short-shooting. The setback seemed to confirm the division's nickname of 'Harper's Duds' (from their commander,
758:, where the field batteries were placed from 1,400 yards (1,300 m) to 2,000 yards (1,800 m) yards behind the line. The 18-pdrs began firing a creeping barrage at Zero hour to protect the infantry advance while 4.5s laid down a
384:(WO). However the concept was revived in 1888 when some Volunteer batteries were reorganised as position artillery to work alongside the Volunteer infantry brigades. In 1889 the 1st Forfarshire AVC was issued with a position battery of
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The infantry of 51st (H) Division rode in Priests stripped of their 105 mm gun (known as 'defrocked Priests') and used as armoured personnel carriers. By now the field regiments such as 76th had reverted to using normal 25-pounder
1795:. The barrage for 51st (H) Division's assault began at 04.15 on 6 April, followed by four other barrages over five hours, one involving a difficult change of direction, and the division's attack, in the words of the
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the Allied armies began a pursuit. By 26 October First Army was lagging behind the advance, and 51st (H) Division was among those given the task of pushing on. The divisional artillery was supplemented by that of
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in August) but the lack of equipment and need to supply drafts to 1st Line units delayed training. 2/II Highland Brigade remained around the Forfar area throughout 1915. In March 1916 the division moved south to
2188:
on 20 April and closed in on the centre of Bremen. The regiment was still under fire on 3 May, but the German surrender at LĂĽneburg Heath ended the fighting the next day. The regiment began occupation duties at
1586:
Shortly afterwards, 21st Army Group broke out of the Normandy bridgehead and began driving across Northern France and Belgium before pausing at the Albert Canal. 3rd Division played a minor role on the flank of
701:, the final series of actions of the Somme Offensive. A mass of guns was assembled, with the artillery of no less than eight divisions and eight heavy artillery groups supporting 51st (H) Division's attack on
1866:
drove the Highlanders out the following morning, after which 51st (H) Division was put onto the defensive. Further counter-attacks and heavy shelling on 23/24 July led to more casualties for the regiment.
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horsedrawn and the battery staffs were mounted. Partial mechanisation was carried out from 1927, but the guns retained iron-tyred wheels until pneumatic tyres began to be introduced just before the
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began on the night of 16/17 March when 51st (H) Division took the outpost line against negligible opposition, though the Forward Observation Officers (FOOs) of 127th Fd Rgt going forward with the
1200:, and most regiments split to form duplicates. Part of the reorganisation was that field regiments changed from four six-gun batteries to an establishment of two batteries, each of three four-gun
2089:). In mid-December the division was pulled out of the line for rest. On 21 December 127th Fd Rgt was suddenly moved south as part of the response to the German breakthrough in the Ardennes (the
1696:. It was authorised to use its parent's 'Highland' subtitle on 17 February 1942. After two more years' training in Scotland, the division sailed for Egypt on 16 June 1942, landing on 12 August.
2010:). This was a major operation, with the regiment allotted 500 rpg, alongside support from medium guns and RAF bombers, which cowed the opposition. It was followed by a similar assault to take
1847:, which it reached by the night of 14/15 July. 127th Field Rgt described a 'fierce fight' at Vizzini and suffered some casualties, but the division continued with scarcely a pause towards the
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History of the Great War: Order of Battle of Divisions, Part 2b: The 2nd-Line Territorial Force Divisions (57th–69th), with the Home-Service Divisions (71st–73rd) and 74th and 75th Divisions,
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1882:
on 6 August, and another 250 rpg programme was fired from midnight on 6/7 August. The division began a 50 miles (80 km) 'sidestep' on 12 August and the guns came into action north of
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on the line of the Dyle Canal. On the afternoon of 14 May the regiment did great damage to German units closing up to the Dyle. At one point the regiment fired 200 rpg in 1.5 hours. The
1971:), preceded by a massive barrage. The attack began before dawn and by first light the break-in was going well, with a number of villages taken. After a second artillery preparation the
1858:. It achieved a bridgehead but further advance was checked, so on the night of 20/21 July the division sent a composite force of infantry and armour against the main enemy defences at
946:
was pooled, CCLVI Bde forming part of 'Right Group'. About 14.00 the infantry in front began to give way, and the artillery group had to withdraw, CCLVI Bde going to the north of
5738:
2221:
1951:
on 11 June. It was mainly engaged in Defensive Fire (DF) tasks: several German counter-attacks were broken up by shellfire, but the regiment's own casualties mounted steadily.
869:
The infantry of 51st (H) Division had been relieved by the time the German counter-attack came in on 30 November, but the divisional artillery remained in the line, supporting
1799:, 'went like clockwork'. Axis troops then began counter-attacks and the Highlanders had to fight hard to hold their gains. The pursuit was resumed the following day, through
858:
during the night. By now the division's guns were moving up into the former No man's land. They began a bombardment at 07.05 and at 07.30 the Highlanders moved on across the
1094:. It continued to send drafts to units serving overseas. By May, the artillery brigades had received 18-pounders and that month they were numbered: 2/II Highland became
5733:
728:
to make D (H) Bty up to six howitzers. (C (H)/CCLX Bty had originally been 535 (H) Bty RFA.) The brigade then had the following organisation for the rest of the war:
961:. The divisional artillery arrived on the evening of 9 April, just after the second phase of the German offensive (Operation Georgette) had struck First Army (the
2535:
2/Lieutenant Crowder survived to be taken prisoner. His story soon appeared in the British national press as 'the officer who stuck to his OP and phoned that the
1099:
624:
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The figure '43' on the mudguard on the partially obscured vehicle on right indicates that this is 33rd Fd Rgt; 76th (Highland) Fd Rgt would have carried at '44'
259:
following an invasion scare in 1859 saw the creation of many Rifle and Artillery Volunteer Corps composed of part-time soldiers eager to supplement the Regular
619:
On 7 April 1916 1/II Highland Bde formed an additional battery (D Bty). Then on 19 May the TF brigades of the RFA received numbers, the 1/II Highland becoming
1716:. it moved up during the preceding nights, occupying gun positions and dumping ammunition, and remaining concealed during daylight. For the first time in the
713:
on 20 October, but it was postponed several times because of bad weather. Eventually 13 November was chosen. H hour was 05.45, when the 18-pounders started a
5467:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1960/London: London Stamp Exchange, 1990, ISBN 0-948130-03-2/ Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2003, ISBN 1-843424-74-6.
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History of the Great War: Order of Battle of Divisions, Part 2a: The Territorial Force Mounted Divisions and the 1st-Line Territorial Force Divisions (42–56)
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on 11 February, then German counter-attacks were driven off by DF fire. The final phase of the operation for 51st (H) Division began on 18 February against
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Recruiting for the 2nd Line unit was good, and 2/II Highland Bde was completed by the end of 1914. 2nd Highland Division formed in January 1915 (numbered as
1042:
October the infantry of 51st (H) Division began to be withdrawn from the line, but the divisional artillery remained in action. On 1 November it supported
1553:
866:
until tanks came up. Although 51st (H) Division took Fontaine by 23 November, German opposition was stiffening, and the troops had to consolidate a line.
1250:
898:
was launched on the misty morning of 21 March 1918 with a massive bombardment from 05.00. This was particularly severe on 153rd Bde and the neighbouring
3078:
1680:
until 7 August 1940 when 9th (H) Division was redesignated as 51st (H) Division to replace the original formation, most of which had been captured at
853:(HE) and shrapnel shells. The initial attack was a brilliant success, but on 51st (H) Division's front the advance stalled once the tanks crossed the
568:
2050:
on the night of 23 October, when 300 guns were used and the infantry took all their objectives, with follow-up advances over succeeding days through
849:
on 20 November. There was no preliminary bombardment, but for the attack the divisional artillery was reinforced, firing a lifting barrage of smoke,
689:
1561:
For the rest of June 3 Division slowly inched forward towards Caen, capturing the Chateau de la Londe after a two-day battle. It then took part in
1689:
1572:
1449:
Units returned from Dunkirk were progressively brought back up to strength and re-equipped. Eventually all the field regiments were equipped with
887:
826:
447:
2345:
completed the uniform. The 3rd AVC at Broughty Ferry wore a buttoned blue tunic with red piping and black Austrian knot; the headgear was a blue
1728:
On the second night of the battle, 51st (H) Division's guns fired a similar succession of CB tasks, concentrations and then a barrage to support
1117:
By the winter of 1917 the division had become solely a training organisation, with no Highland associations. The artillery were quartered around
1249:
and started to train hard, though many equipment problems were reported. It left Aldershot and landed at Le Havre on 31 January to join the new
4051:
2276:
2228:
1729:
1348:
1262:
455:
335:
1939:, London, bound for Normandy and began landing on 7 June (D + 1). 127th Field Rgt landed the following day and went straight into action near
5440:
5235:
5190:
1893:, having been earmarked for Operation Overlord. However, its guns did assist in the massive bombardment covering the assault crossing of the
1654:
1530:
1356:
1306:
5147:
5557:
5385:
2074:
accompanied by another heavy artillery barrage, then moved on to the Zig Canal and crossed that on 17 November with much less preparation.
683:
555:
1533:. Of the 18 LCTs taking in 3rd Division's three SP field regiments, six were damaged by enemy fire, five by beach obstacles and three by
821:
starting at 05.40 on 20 September. This was a limited attack made with massive artillery support. 51st (H) Division attacked towards the
5013:
725:
314:
1106:
405:
401:
754:
opening on 9 April, the biggest concentration of guns yet seen was assembled, all working to a single plan. 51st (H) Division was in
5650:
5635:
5620:
5598:
5580:
5538:
5509:
5494:
5419:
5404:
5362:
5343:
5311:
5292:
5254:
5205:
5169:
5132:
5117:
3779:
1983:, with 51st (H) Division attacking towards the Laison Valley on the left flank. RHQ of 127th Fd Rgt lost 15 vehicles to misdirected
1146:
870:
667:. An attack on 14 July had failed to capture the dominating ground of High Wood, and 51st (H) Division was tasked with renewing the
506:
244:
82:
5024:
2176:
After a rest, the regiment moved forward on 5 April as part of 153 Brigade Group forming the divisional spearhead, and reached the
1024:
on 26 August. CCLVI Brigade supported the Canadian attack, and then rejoined 51st (H) divisional artillery supplemented by that of
810:(CB) fire from the Germans on the higher ground. Casualties among guns and gunners were high even before Zero hour on 31 July (the
5273:
1673:
1542:
5002:
4970:
4950:
1473:
647:
in 1914.) The brigade ammunition columns were abolished at the same time, and absorbed within the divisional ammunition column.
5471:
3654:
2514:
2034:
1890:
1626:. On the evening of 23 March all the guns in XXX Corps fired a four-hour programme in support of 51st (H) Division's assault (
1402:
1351:) passed through, the regiment fired defensive tasks. Its next move, under air attack, was 50 miles (80 km) back to the
459:
408:. In 1899 the RA was divided into separate field and garrison branches, and the artillery volunteers were all assigned to the
5670:
5479:
2923:
2329:
1976:
1501:
and was given specialist training and equipment. 76th (H) Field Rgt became a self-propelled (SP) regiment operating US-built
1038:
931:
818:
775:
680:
632:
1878:). This began at 23.50 on 31 July with 220 rpg while 51st (H) took bridgeheads over the Dittaino. Paternò fell on 4 August,
942:
over holding the Green (third) Line, covered by 51st (D) Division's guns. On 24 March all the artillery of the divisions in
922:
2999:
671:
a week later. A night attack was to be tried: the bombardment began at 19.00 on 22 July, under the direction of low-flying
1529:(LCTs), from which they gave support fire during the run-in to the shore, then landed shortly after the assault troops of
1047:
915:
to a sunken road and engaged the enemy. When ammunition ran short he withdrew his men, carrying a wounded sergeant of the
899:
859:
451:
4130:
575:. The division was warned for overseas service on 13 April and on 3 May it crossed to France, the artillery embarking at
5699:
2208:
When the TA was reconstituted on 1 January 1947, 127th (Highland) Fd Rgt was formally disbanded, while 76th reformed as
1721:
1462:
reorganisation. 76th (H) Field Rgt accordingly formed 454 Fd Bty on 25 February 1941 when the regiment was stationed at
1110:
1074:
232:
164:
2526:
Originally the Dundee unit was to have been the I (or 1st) Highland Bde, but this was changed to II (2nd) by June 1908.
1839:
four hours after the assault infantry on 10 July. The division was moving forward by nightfall, with the objectives of
1301:, arriving to a great reception from the Belgians. At dawn the following day the regiment deployed at Berthem to cover
1133:
replaced Westwick Park. The division remained in Norfolk until after the Armistice, and was demobilised by April 1919.
371:
5728:
3026:
2540:
2423:
2401:
1713:
1704:
1083:
1043:
1021:
954:
838:
755:
698:
572:
420:
208:
134:
1653:
to the city of Bremen, which fell after five days' stiff fighting on 27 April. The fighting ended on 5 May after the
5380:, London: Macmillan, 1940/London: Imperial War Museum & Battery Press/Uckfield: Naval and Military Press, 2009,
2892:
2874:
1591:(the attempt to seize bridges as far as the Lower Rhine). It then endured the low-level winter fighting of 1944–45.
2903:
2342:
2213:
2094:
1608:
977:
5444:
1931:
51st (Highland) Division was in the first follow-up wave of formations in Overlord. On 2 June 1944 it embarked on
2231:, HQ 51st Infantry Division Counter-Battery Staff Trp and 862 Locating Bty (successor to the North Scottish RGA,
1875:
1828:
1776:
1661:
943:
623:, and the old batteries were redesignated A, B and C. D Battery was then exchanged for R (Howitzer) Bty from the
567:
During the winter of 1914–15 the division's 1st Line units underwent war training, and a number left to join the
228:
156:
5704:
4004:
3989:
786:
or subdue all the enemy machine guns, although a German counter-attack was 'mown down by the 18-pounders firing
3974:
3959:
3915:
3900:
3722:
2446:
2397:
1831:(Operation Husky). The regiment's advanced party sailed from Sfax harbour on 8 July and landed from the second
1631:
1438:
coast to act as a counter-attack division in case of invasion and on 10 July the regiment went to Winchcomb in
1285:
began on 10 May with the German invasion of the Low Countries. The BEF responded by executing the pre-arranged
962:
846:
532:
409:
204:
148:
112:
3873:
1862:, supported by 127th Fd Rgt and other artillery. Although the attack succeeded, fierce counter-attacks by the
1767:
5157:, Edinburgh & London: Blackwood, 1921/Uckfield, Naval & Military Press, 2001, ISBN 978-1-843421-08-5.
531:
and entrainment began on 15 August. Concentration was completed by 17 August and the division formed part of
5684:
2114:
on 9 January, and then 51st (H) Division fought its way into the flank of the 'Bulge' in winter conditions.
1948:
1863:
1717:
1588:
966:
895:
811:
799:
510:
4050:
Order of Battle of the Forces in the United Kingdom, Part 2: 21 Army Group, 24 July 1943, with amendments,
2177:
1692:. 127th Field Rgt formed its third battery, 490 Fd Bty, on 1 March 1941 when the regiment was stationed at
2385:
2162:
1450:
1415:
1051:
1013:
902:. All the battery positions, whether they had been active or silent, and the HQs were shelled with HE and
779:
751:
706:
613:
224:
5324:
History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series: The War in France and Flanders 1939–1940
2122:
Like 3rd Division, 51st (H) Division was engaged in the fighting in the Reichswald (Operation Veritable,
5230:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1948//Uckfield: Imperial War Museum and Naval and Military Press, 2009,
2217:
2107:
1972:
1792:
1784:
south. The Axis defence collapsed on 28 March and the following day 51st (H) Division was on its way to
1615:
described as 'slogging match'. 3rd Division took Kerverheim on 1 March and Winnekendonk two days later.
1025:
770:
on 23 April under a full barrage (the 2nd Battle of the Scarpe), with the chemical works and village of
608:
465:
385:
2496:
Capt Jack Swaab, MC, served with 127th Fd Rgt 1943–45; his diary for that period was published in 2005.
1886:
the following night. By now the Axis forces were evacuating Sicily, which was completed on 17 August.
1362:
By 22 May the bulk of the BEF was cut off from the south and began to withdraw into a 'pocket' round
1141:
When the TF was reconstituted on 7 February 1920 the brigade was reformed and was redesignated as the
5465:
Orders of Battle, United Kingdom and Colonial Formations and Units in the Second World War, 1939–1945
5219:
2366:
2190:
1979:
passed through to continue the advance. The Canadians renewed the advance to Falaise on 14 August in
1681:
850:
807:
672:
668:
628:
2161:, and 127th Fd Rgt's guns were brought over the river on 26 March, firing in support of 154 Bde and
1129:, then in the summer of 1918 Westwick Park replaced Haveringland. In the winter of 1918 quarters at
774:
as its objectives, but could not hold Roeux itself. The divisional artillery supported an attack by
412:(RGA). When the divisional structure was abolished their titles were changed, the unit becoming the
263:
in time of need. By the end of April 1860 seven Artillery Volunteer Corps (AVCs) had been formed in
5412:
History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery: The Years of Defeat: Europe and North Africa, 1939–1941
5322:
2194:
2090:
2047:
2039:
1980:
1940:
1905:
1600:
1562:
1293:. 76th Field Rgt, now commanded by Lt-Col W.E. Vaudry, left on 12 May for its assigned position at
1033:
997:
863:
759:
664:
636:
604:
560:
416:
on 1 January 1902. The following year the position batteries were redesignated as heavy batteries.
5587:
History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series: The Mediterranean and Middle East
5569:
History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series: The Mediterranean and Middle East
1637:
3rd Division later crossed the Rhine and took part in the advance across North Germany, capturing
17:
5515:
2139:
1968:
1832:
1761:
1580:
1567:
1526:
1494:
1443:
1367:
419:
In 1908 the unit's HQ was at Albany Quarters, Bell Street, Dundee, and it had a drill battery at
256:
160:
144:
2797:
1870:
51st (H) Division's artillery joined in XXX Corps' artillery preparation for operations against
1390:[ in small boats but sustained casualties after they had transferred to the Isle of Wight ferry
5660:, London: War Office, 7 November 1927 (RA sections also summarised in Litchfield, Appendix IV).
1149:(TA) in 1921. The brigade was once more in 51st (H) Division, with the following organisation:
709:
on 1 July. The operation was planned for 24 October, and the batteries began firing to cut the
5646:
5631:
5616:
5594:
5576:
5553:
5534:
5505:
5490:
5475:
5415:
5400:
5381:
5358:
5339:
5307:
5288:
5269:
5250:
5231:
5201:
5186:
5165:
5143:
5128:
5113:
2486:
2394:
2111:
2067:
2015:
2007:
1964:
1960:
1898:
1894:
1840:
1708:
A 25-pounder firing in the British night barrage that launched the Second Battle of El Alamein
1623:
1604:
1273:
989:
988:
at 02.00 on 20 July. After a short halt they pushed on, reaching their assembly position near
543:
436:
168:
152:
5326:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1954/Uckfield: Naval & Military, 2004, 978-1-85457-056-6.
5606:
The Hertfordshire Yeomanry Regiments, Royal Artillery, Part 1: The Field Regiments 1920-1946
2325:
1936:
1859:
1685:
1677:
1458:
1439:
1286:
1282:
1130:
1065:
began. This was completed by mid-March 1919, and CCLVI Bde passed into suspended animation.
718:
714:
380:
1868, but they were only occasionally turned out, and were not officially recognised by the
220:
140:
5591:
The Campaign in Sicily 1943 and the Campaign in Italy 3rd September 1943 to 31st March 1944
2200:
127th (Highland) Field Regiment was placed in suspended animation in BAOR on 1 April 1946.
1204:. For 76th (Highland) Fd Rgt this resulted in the following organisation from 25 May 1939:
5608:, Welwyn: Hertfordshire Yeomanry and Artillery Trust/Hart Books, 1999, ISBN 0-948527-05-6.
5564:
5392:
2269:
2170:
1984:
1883:
1638:
1490:
1431:
1374:
on the Belgian coast where there had been an enemy breakthrough. It went into action near
1171:
965:). The division's infantry had already been thrown into the gap left by the defeat of the
874:
842:
440:
397:
343:
331:
279:
196:
188:
102:
78:
2328:
sponsored by 117 (Highland) Field Park Squadron, RE, and then disbanded in 1975. In 1986
2077:
51st (H) Division was then moved to hold 'The Island', the wet low-lying country between
396:
In 1882 all the AVCs were affiliated to one of the territorial garrison divisions of the
5709:
4926:
2066:) by early November. On 14 November the division carried out an assault crossing of the
655:
427:, while the other companies used ranges at Eliot Links near Arbroath and near Montrose.
5453:
2479:
2456:
2427:
2131:
2059:
2023:
1988:
1744:
1622:
while the rest of XXX Corps pulled back to organise and train for the assault crossing
1612:
1576:
1062:
1017:
935:
854:
787:
702:
286:
67:
5474:, "So Few Got Through", London: Collins, 1946/Arrow Books (pbk; nd)/Leo Cooper, 2000,
980:. The divisional artillery covered 80 miles (130 km) in three days, crossing the
5722:
2158:
1607:. After a colossal artillery barrage on 8 February, the operation devolved into what
1506:
1423:
1371:
1197:
981:
803:
783:
710:
676:
640:
536:
468:(RFA), with one battery from the 1st Fife RGA (V), giving the following organisation:
5351:
History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series: Victory in the West
5332:
History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series: Victory in the West
1545:. Over the following days the Germans attempted to drive in the bridgehead over the
1477:
Gunners of 303 Fd Bty of 76th (Highland) Fd Rgt cleaning the gun of their Priest at
443:
of 1908, the personnel of the 1st Forfarshire RGA was distributed to two new units:
5318:
2536:
2483:
2288:
2051:
1944:
1932:
1920:
1916:
1379:
1332:
1315:
1290:
1180:
1126:
877:. But breakthroughs elsewhere meant a scrambled retirement to a line further back.
822:
631:. (R (H) Battery had originally been C (H) Bty of CLI (1st County Palatine) Bde of
595:
by 6 May and on 12 May it was officially numbered as the 51st (Highland) Division.
260:
216:
184:
5306:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1947/Imperial War Museum and Battery Press, 1993,
2915:
5112:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1935/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2007,
802:, but the circumstances were less favourable. Gun batteries were packed into the
5520:
The Kaiser's Battle, 21 March 1918: The First Day of the German Spring Offensive
5369:
5285:
May–July: The German Diversion Offensives and the First Allied Counter-Offensive
2185:
1879:
1804:
1757:
1733:
1646:
1498:
1411:
1004:
under shellfire, having been misinformed that it was already in friendly hands.
916:
903:
576:
493:
423:
for gun practice. The Dundee and Broughty Ferry companies used a rifle range at
264:
212:
192:
5552:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1948/Uckfield: Naval and Military Press, 2009,
5127:
London: HM Stationery Office, 1937/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2007,
926:
An 18-pounder battery in action in the open during the German Spring Offensive.
2459:, (retired Colonel, RA, and Hon Brigadier-General), appointed 12 December 1903
2180:
on 8 April. After a pause at the canal, the division advanced rapidly towards
1947:
bridgehead. This position was heavily shelled and the regiment pulled back to
1855:
1854:
On 17 July the division deployed to cross the Dittaino and attempt to capture
1740:
1693:
1510:
1419:
1383:
985:
724:
On 25 January 1917 CCLVI Bde was joined by the Left Section of C (H) Bty from
644:
450:, a defended ports unit at Broughty Ferry, with additional batteries from the
381:
319:
1422:
for anti-invasion duties in mid-June 1940. Later it deployed with 302 Bty on
1098:
and the batteries became A, B and C; later a D (H) Bty joined (probably from
873:. The attack against the 59th was easily broken by the guns of 51st (H) and
4325:
2490:
2462:
Brevet Colonel J. McPherson, DSO, TD (former CO), appointed 12 December 1929
2166:
1912:
1534:
1502:
1482:
1454:
1310:
1087:
912:
693:
51st (Highland) Division's objectives at Beaumont-Hamel on 13 November 1916.
472:
424:
5357:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1968/Uckfield: Naval & Military, 2004,
5338:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1962/Uckfield: Naval & Military, 2004,
3030:
2216:
until that formation was disbanded in 1950. In 1955, on the disbandment of
2153:
The division took a leading part in the Rhine crossing (Operation Plunder,
342:
The size of the corps was increased again when a new battery was raised at
2465:
Brevet Colonel J.L. Carmichael, TD (former CO), appointed 16 February 1936
976:
51st (H) Division was sent back south in July to assist the French in the
5533:, London: Macmillan, 1938/Imperial War Museum & Battery Press, 1992,
2284:
2102:
2078:
2011:
2003:
1848:
1785:
1749:
1478:
1427:
1387:
1339:
and threatened the BEF's flank, so on 16 May it began to withdraw to the
1336:
1298:
1265:, and remained with this Regular Army formation for the rest of the war.
1091:
1001:
767:
580:
323:
272:
200:
5679:
5487:
The Territorial Artillery 1908–1988 (Their Lineage, Uniforms and Badges)
1771:
25-pounder gun in action at night during the assault on the Mareth Line.
1406:
Gunners sponging out an 18/25-pounder Mk V P during exercises in the UK.
782:). The fire was not as effective as had been hoped, failing to cut the
5658:
Titles and Designations of Formations and Units of the Territorial Army
5287:, London: Macmillan, 1939/Imperial War Museum and Battery Press, 1994,
5268:, London: Macmillan, 1937/Imperial War Museum and Battery Press, 1995,
5249:, London: Macmillan, 1935/Imperial War Museum and Battery Press, 1995,
2268:
while P Bty of 276th Fd Rgt was merged into 277 (Fife) Field Squadron,
2098:
2019:
1992:
1844:
1836:
1824:
1753:
1676:, the 2nd Line duplicate of 51st (H) Division. It remained training in
1463:
1363:
1352:
1340:
1122:
1118:
1079:
996:
by 11.00, although they were only engaged in harassing fire during the
907:
584:
528:
27:
Military unit of Britain's Volunteer Force, later its Territorial Force
5546:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1917
5527:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1916
5502:
The Volunteer Artillery 1859–1908 (Their Lineage, Uniforms and Badges)
5414:, Woolwich: Royal Artillery Institution, 1988/London: Brasseys, 1996,
5374:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1917
5300:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1918
5281:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1918
5262:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1918
5243:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1918
5224:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1917
1541:
in the first day. The field guns helped to drive off a tank attack by
2280:
2181:
2143:
2082:
1871:
1820:
1780:
1642:
1467:
1435:
1375:
1370:). On 28 May the regiment was ordered to move as soon as possible to
1344:
1327:
1302:
1294:
1254:
1246:
1058:
993:
592:
588:
327:
296:
240:
122:
2022:
area at the end of September, then spent three weeks in the line at
1660:
76th (Highland) Field Regiment was placed in suspended animation in
741:
D (C/CLI (1st County Palatine) + section 535) (H) Bty – 6 x 4.5-inch
1557:
One of 3rd Division's Priests near Hemanville-sur-Mer, 6 June 1944.
1016:. 51st (H) Division returned from the French sector and joined the
992:, and CCLVI Bde was in action 500 yards (460 m) south west of
5436:, Vol II, Wakefield: Microform Academic, 1984, ISBN 1-85117-009-X.
2346:
2227:
On the reduction of the TA in 1961, the regiment amalgamated with
2127:
2071:
2055:
2033:
1999:
1808:
1766:
1703:
1619:
1552:
1522:
1472:
1401:
1319:
1272:
1258:
1201:
947:
921:
771:
688:
654:
554:
471:
370:
236:
5694:
5593:, London: HMSO, 1973/Uckfield, Naval & Military Press, 2004,
5575:, London: HMSO, 1966/Uckfield, Naval & Military Press, 2004,
5429:, Vol I, Wakefield: Microform Academic, 1984, ISBN 1-85117-007-3.
5397:
History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery: Western Front 1914–18
5378:
The German Retreat to the Hindenburg Line and the Battle of Arras
1991:
had been closed and the division was advancing eastwards towards
5140:
Riflemen Form: A Study of the Rifle Volunteer Movement 1859–1908
2147:
1800:
1546:
1538:
1497:). The division was chosen to spearhead the assault landings on
1156:
301st (The Forfarshire) Field Bty at East Abbey Street, Arbroath
2212:, no longer in 51st (Highland) Division, but now in 84 (Field)
5298:
Brig-Gen Sir James E. Edmonds & Lt-Col R. Maxwell-Hyslop,
4326:'From the Nile to the Weser at 51st Highland Division website.
1318:
had been ordered to break through quickly between Louvain and
837:
51st (Highland) Division was then moved south to take part in
404:. In 1889 the structure was altered, and the corps joined the
292:
4th (Broughty Ferry) Forfarshire AVC formed on 5 December 1859
5522:, London: Allen Lane, 1978/Penguin, 1983, ISBN 0-14-017135-5.
5183:
Battleground Europe: Somme: Beaumont Hamel, Newfoundland Park
2165:
which had also crossed. The division then continued through
1261:. On 5 March the regiment exchanged with a field regiment of
738:
C (1/City of Dundee + section III Highland) Bty – 6 x 18-pdrs
309:
On 14 December 1860 these units were brought together as the
5155:
The History of the Fifty First (Highland) Division 1914–1918
2433:
Lt-Col Maurice 'Bubbly' Burnett, DSO (127th Fd Rgt) Normandy
311:
1st Administrative Brigade, Forfarshire Artillery Volunteers
4354:
Playfair, Vol IV, pp. 107, 223–224, 232, 234–236, 316, 320.
1807:, with the OPs in the hills. This lasted until the fall of
5613:
Operation Plunder: The British and Canadian Rhine Crossing
1165:
304th (The City of Dundee) Field Bty (Howitzers) at Dundee
732:
A (1/Forfarshire + section III Highland) Bty – 6 x 18-pdrs
2110:
in counter-attacks. 153 Brigade attacked southwards from
798:
An even greater concentration of guns was massed for the
735:
B (1/Fifeshire + section III Highland) Bty – 6 x 18-pdrs
3513:
3511:
3501:
3499:
2324:
However, in 1969 the Highland Regiment was reduced to a
1760:. The Axis force made a spoiling attack on 6 March (the
1525:, 6 June 1944. 76th (H) Field Rgt's Priests were aboard
1394:
when she was sunk 40 minutes after sailing for England.
489:
Forfarshire Battery at 22–26 East Abbey Street, Arbroath
2085:
that had been captured during Operation Market Garden (
1289:, advancing into Belgium to take up defences along the
1012:
In August all the Allied armies began attacking in the
583:. The Highland Division completed its concentration at
346:
the following year, giving the following organisation:
3552:, Vol III, pp. 225, 235, 245–249, 254–257, 263, 272–9.
2101:
covering the approaches to Antwerp, and then south of
1955:
Division's attack on the flank of Operation Goodwood (
1889:
51st (H) Division did not take part in the subsequent
697:
The division returned to the front in October for the
5689:
2391:
Lt-Col L.M. Dyson, DSO (1/II Highland Bde) March 1918
2150:, which was successfully taken after stiff fighting.
414:
1st Forfarshire Royal Garrison Artillery (Volunteers)
5531:
2nd July 1916 to the End of the Battles of the Somme
5304:
26th September–11th November, The Advance to Victory
2197:
in June, and handed in its guns at the end of July.
1277:
An 18-pounder being inspected in France, April 1940.
1159:
302nd (The Fifeshire) Field Bty at Drill Hall, Leven
501:
2nd Highland Ammunition Column at Dudhope Drill Hall
400:(RA) and the 1st Forfarshire AVC became part of the
305:
7th (Dundee) Forfarshire AVC formed on 30 April 1860
302:
6th (Dundee) Forfarshire AVC formed on 24 April 1860
3780:
Scottish Command 3 September 1939 at Patriot Files.
2453:
James E. Erskine (first CO), appointed 29 July 1870
2369:, 20 July 1870 (Lt-Col of the 4th AVC 28 July 1868)
2358:The commanding officers of the unit have included:
1739:51st (H) Division then took part in the pursuit to
1688:. 127th Field Rgt usually supported the division's
128:
118:
108:
96:
88:
73:
55:
47:
34:
5266:March–April: Continuation of the German Offensives
2474:Other prominent members of the regiment included:
2222:586 (Highland) Light Anti-Aircraft/Searchlight Rgt
1998:51st (H) Division then moved up to and across the
1911:bound for the UK on 9 November and disembarked at
1457:gun tractors. One of the lessons learned from the
375:16-Pounder RML gun manned by Artillery Volunteers.
5744:Military units and formations established in 1859
5446:Records of the Scottish Volunteer Force 1859–1908
5034:
5032:
4980:
4978:
4904:
4902:
4900:
4898:
3578:, Vol IV, pp. 5, 298, 305–309, 328–329, 338, 347.
3344:
3342:
2489:, battery commander in 127th Fd Rgt, killed by a
2046:The division's next offensive action was west of
1410:The survivors of 76th (H) Fd Rgt concentrated at
5690:51st Highland Division website and online museum
5247:The German March Offensive and its Preliminaries
5200:, London: Souvenir Press, 1967/Pan Books, 1970,
3761:
3759:
3749:
3747:
3267:Cooper, pp. 101–109, 125–129, 139, 141–147, 151.
2539:had passed him'. After the war he was awarded a
2407:Brevet Colonel J.L. Carmichael, 16 February 1929
2237:400th (Highland) (Aberdeen/Angus) Field Regiment
705:, which had been an uncaptured objective on the
5705:The Regimental Warpath 1914–1918 (archive site)
5399:, Woolwich: Royal Artillery Institution, 1986,
4345:Playfair, Vol IV, pp. 45, 48, 56–57, 66, 74–75.
4220:
4218:
4192:
4190:
3685:
3683:
3681:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3088:
3086:
2861:
2859:
663:In July 51st (Highland) Division joined in the
435:When the Volunteers were subsumed into the new
338:to the 1st Forfarshire Administrative Brigade.
4244:
4242:
4232:
4230:
3232:, Vol II, pp. 150–151, 158–160, 163, 174, 185.
2840:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2623:
1915:on 27 November. It then went into training at
1803:. By 22 April the regiment was in action near
1493:training for the Allied invasion of Normandy (
1162:303rd (The City of Dundee) Field Bty at Dundee
486:HQ at Dudhope Drill Hall, Brown Street, Dundee
5434:Lineage Book of British Land Forces 1660–1978
5427:Lineage Book of British Land Forces 1660–1978
5213:The Development of the British Army 1899–1914
5164:, London: Frederick Muller, 1968/Star, 1981,
4287:
4285:
4078:
4076:
3332:
3330:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2882:
2826:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2818:
2816:
2814:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2381:Lt-Col James Lindsay Henderson, 31 March 1906
2054:and across the Afwaterings Canal towards the
2018:). The regiment next made a long move to the
1959:). On 8 August 51st (H) Division spearheaded
1434:. 3rd Division was then pulled back from the
930:During the night reinforcements came up from
8:
5739:Military units and formations in Forfarshire
5573:The Destruction of the Axis forces in Africa
4426:Playfair, Vol IV, pp. 364–367, 370–372, 377.
4204:
4202:
4062:
4060:
3833:
3831:
3829:
3827:
3825:
3021:
3019:
3017:
3015:
3013:
3011:
3009:
3007:
2378:Lt-Col Theodore G. Luis, VD, 4 February 1903
2375:Lt-Col William G. Thompson, VD, 3 April 1901
2275:In 1967 the TA was reduced further into the
498:City of Dundee Battery at Dudhope Drill Hall
3823:
3821:
3819:
3817:
3815:
3813:
3811:
3809:
3807:
3805:
3718:
3716:
2975:
2973:
2971:
2969:
2967:
2965:
2963:
2961:
2763:
2761:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2661:
1057:After the Armistice the division went into
603:The raw division was soon in action at the
509:. The batteries were each issued with four
299:) Forfarshire AVC formed on 16 January 1860
289:) Forfarshire AVC formed on 5 December 1859
282:) Forfarshire AVC formed on 31 October 1859
275:) Forfarshire AVC formed on 31 October 1859
5176:Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage,
3857:
3855:
3853:
3851:
3849:
3847:
3845:
3843:
3775:
3773:
3771:
3650:
3648:
3638:
3636:
3634:
3632:
3587:Edmonds & Maxwell-Hyslop, pp. 393–394.
3054:
3052:
3050:
3048:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2959:
2957:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2943:
2941:
2853:Litchfield & Westlake, pp. 21, 72, 77.
2793:
2791:
2659:
2657:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2643:
2641:
2317:Orkney & Zetland (Lovat Scouts) Bty –
2289:540th (Lovat Scouts) Light Air Defence Rgt
1378:, putting rifle parties on the canal near
817:The division was back in the line for the
5615:, Barnsley: Pen & Sword Books, 2006,
4480:Molony, Vol V, pp. 150–152, 158–159, 179.
4321:
4319:
4317:
3942:
3940:
3883:
3881:
2893:Angus at Great War Centenary Drill Halls.
2689:
2687:
2685:
2683:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2372:Lt-Col Thomas Couper, VD, 3 December 1898
2362:Lt-Col James E. Erskine, 14 December 1860
1366:from which it was preparing to evacuate (
1046:'s assault crossing of the Rhonelle (the
207:through many of the major battles on the
5643:Field of Fire: Diary of a Gunner Officer
5228:Messines and Third Ypres (Passchendaele)
5025:256–300 Sqns RE at British Army 1945 on.
5003:372–413 Rgts RA at British Army 1945 on.
4971:564–591 Rgts RA at British Army 1945 on.
4951:266–288 Rgts RA at British Army 1945 on.
4946:
4944:
4942:
4940:
4938:
4408:Playfair, Vol IV, pp. 335, 338–341, 353.
4315:
4313:
4311:
4309:
4307:
4305:
4303:
4301:
4299:
4297:
3791:
3789:
3787:
3655:64 (2nd H) Division at Long, Long Trail.
2904:Fife at Great War Centenary Drill Halls.
2038:25-pounder firing during the advance on
1672:127th (Highland) Field Rgt mobilised in
1235:304 (City of Dundee) Field Bty at Dundee
1219:303 (City of Dundee) Field Bty at Dundee
862:road, but could not take the village of
806:, where they were under observation and
627:, which became D (H) Bty, equipped with
5734:Military units and formations in Dundee
5014:850–70 Btys RA at British Army 1945 on.
3869:
3867:
3471:, Vol I, pp. 380–384, 434–439, 484–487.
3027:"51 (H) Division at Regimental Warpath"
2739:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2725:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2574:
2506:
2416:Lt-Col C.H.D. Springfeld (127th Fd Rgt)
1811:and the end of the campaign on 15 May.
1618:3rd Division then held the line of the
1521:The Normandy landings were launched on
1153:HQ at Douglas Street Drill Hall, Dundee
1050:), and it remained in action until the
841:surprise attack with tanks against the
5500:Norman Litchfield & Ray Westlake,
3521:, Vol II, pp. 148, 160, 177, 189, 254.
2717:
2715:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2413:Lt-Col W.E. Vaudrey (76th Fd Rgt) 1940
2332:was designated as its successor unit.
2277:Territorial and Army Volunteer Reserve
1489:In 1943, 3rd Division was assigned to
1442:. By the end of the year 76th was at
1107:B/CCXCIII (2/III County of London) Bty
1020:in First Army in late August for the
559:18-pounder field gun preserved at the
31:
4131:3rd Division Tac Signs at RA 1939–45.
3280:, Vol III, pp. 56–58, 82–84, 108–111.
3059:51 Divisional RA at Long, Long Trail.
2926:from the original on 19 February 2006
2693:Litchfield & Westlake, pp. 77–80.
2436:Lt-Col R.S. Burton, MC (127th Fd Rgt)
2184:against delaying actions. It reached
2142:. The slow advance continued through
1791:The next Axis defence line was along
1196:The TA was doubled in size after the
957:, absorbing drafts of reinforcements
607:(18–25 May). The 51st (Highland) and
542:On the outbreak of war, units of the
386:16-pounder Rifled Muzzle-Loading guns
359:Nos 12–13 Batteries at Broughty Ferry
313:based in Dundee under the command of
7:
5504:, Nottingham: Sherwood Press, 1982,
5489:, Nottingham: Sherwood Press, 1992,
3000:51 (H) Division at Long, Long Trail.
2419:Lt-Col H. St M. Perry (127th Fd Rgt)
1712:The division's first action was the
953:51st (H) Division was sent north to
766:51st (H) Division attacked again at
181:1st Forfarshire Artillery Volunteers
35:1st Forfarshire Artillery Volunteers
3891:, pp. 37–38, 47–48, Maps 7 & 8.
2599:Litchfield & Westlake, pp. 1–4.
2330:105 (Scottish) Air Defence Regiment
1430:and 303 Bty at Steepdown Hill near
1355:line, where it deployed to support
1145:when the TF was reorganised as the
625:III Highland (CCLVIII) Howitzer Bde
336:1st Aberdeen Administrative Brigade
5142:, Aldershot: Ogilby Trusts, 1982,
4444:Molony, Vol V, pp. 61, 78, 82, 93.
4261:, pp. 305, 307, 309, 311, 339–340.
4158:, pp. 333, 336, 339–340, 343, 346.
2279:and 400th Rgt amalgamated with Q (
1655:German surrender at LĂĽneburg Heath
476:15-pounder gun issued to TF units.
219:, its regiments saw action in the
39:76th (Highland) Field Regiment, RA
25:
18:Highland Regiment, Royal Artillery
5700:Orders of Battle at Patriot Files
4843:, pp. 307, 311–312, 316, 339–340.
3753:Sainsbury, pp. 17–20; Appendix 2.
2767:Litchfield and Westlake, pp. 3–6.
2350:standard Royal Artillery helmet.
2239:with the following organisation:
1943:on the Caen Canal supporting the
1904:The regiment embarked aboard the
1566:completed the following day. For
1232:301 (Angus) Field Bty at Arbroath
1100:CCCXXIII (2/III Highland) (H) Bde
871:59th (2nd North Midland) Division
659:18-pounder in action on the Somme
5685:Great War Centenary Drill Halls.
4336:Playfair, Vol IV, pp. 31, 35–38.
4052:The National Archives (TNA), Kew
2478:Maj James Owen 'Jock' Cochrane,
2410:Lt-Col J.S.C. Sharp, 20 May 1938
1054:came into force on 11 November.
77:
60:
5680:British Army units from 1945 on
5279:Brig-Gen Sir James E. Edmonds,
5260:Brig-Gen Sir James E. Edmonds,
5241:Brig-Gen Sir James E. Edmonds,
4772:Lindsay, pp. 138, 141, 150–164.
2515:Forfar and Kincardine Artillery
2457:George James, 2nd Lord Playfair
2365:Lt-Col Frank Stewart-Sandeman,
2210:276th (Highland) Field Regiment
1819:127th Field Rgt then rested at
1668:127th (Highland) Field Regiment
1297:on the north west outskirts of
1224:127th (Highland) Field Regiment
505:This unit was part of the TF's
334:AVCs were transferred from the
5628:The Army and Society 1815–1914
5185:, Barnsley: Leo Cooper, 1994,
4381:Playfair, Vol IV, pp. 324–326.
3609:Edmonds & Maxwell-Hyslop,
3154:, Vol I, pp. 234–236, 256–257.
3079:Festubert at Long, Long Trail.
1386:. Other parties got away from
1240:76th (Highland) Field Regiment
1208:76th (Highland) Field Regiment
819:Battle of the Menin Road Ridge
673:artillery observation aircraft
464:II (or 2nd) Highland Brigade,
353:Nos 8–10 Batteries at Arbroath
243:. It continued in the postwar
1:
5448:, Edinburgh: Blackwood, 1909.
2106:moved to support 153 Bde and
1977:1st Polish Armoured Divisions
1216:302 (Fife) Field Bty at Leven
1143:76th (Highland) Brigade, RFA,
41:276th (Highland) Regiment, RA
4498:Molony, Vol V, pp. 239, 455.
2875:Angus at Drill Hall Project.
2513:Not to be confused with the
2305:Q (Arbroath/Montrose) Bty –
2255:Q (Arbroath/Montrose) Bty –
1664:(BAOR) on 31 December 1946.
1630:), then switched to support
1599:3rd Division was engaged in
1111:58th (2/1st London) Division
1086:, with the artillery around
1075:64th (2nd Highland) Division
183:was a part-time unit of the
4462:Molony, Vol V, pp. 115–117.
3613:, Vol V, pp. 396, 455, 458.
3258:, Vol II, pp. 268–270, 276.
2517:Militia of the same period.
2249:P (City of Aberdeen) Bty –
1714:Second Battle of El Alamein
1251:British Expeditionary Force
1170:'Fife'. Forfarshire became
1084:Northern Army (Home Forces)
1044:49th (West Riding) Division
699:Battle of the Ancre Heights
569:British Expeditionary Force
350:Nos 1–7 Batteries at Dundee
5760:
5630:, London: Longmans, 1980,
5567:& Brig C.J.C. Molony,
3689:Frederick, pp. 490–5, 520.
3180:, Vol I, pp. 382, 394–395.
2979:Becke, Pt 2a, pp. 101–107.
2229:275th (Highland) Field Rgt
2214:Army Group Royal Artillery
2138:) bank from 1st Battalion
1603:, the battle to clear the
1505:SP guns equipped with the
978:Second Battle of the Marne
707:first day of the offensive
5712:The Territorial Army 1947
5410:Gen Sir Martin Farndale,
2311:R (City of Dundee) Bty –
2293:The Highland Regiment, RA
2261:R (City of Dundee) Bty –
1829:Allied landings in Sicily
1777:Battle of the Mareth Line
1736:forces began to retreat.
1662:British Army of the Rhine
1414:where it collected eight
356:No 11 Battery at Montrose
43:The Highland Regiment, RA
37:2nd Highland Brigade, RFA
5645:, Stroud: Sutton, 2005,
5485:Norman E.H. Litchfield,
5460:, London: Collins, 1960.
5215:, London: Methuen, 1938.
5198:The Ironclads of Cambrai
5178:100th Edn, London, 1953.
4248:Saunders, pp. 46, 66–67.
3874:76 Fd Rgt at RA 1939–45.
3642:Becke, Pt 2b, pp. 55–59.
3493:Bewsher, pp. 296, 303–5.
3423:Bewsher, pp. 282–3, 293.
2844:Litchfield, pp. 273–275.
2635:Frederick, pp. 658, 661.
2487:Sir Edward Owen Cochrane
2445:The following served as
2220:, the regiment absorbed
1987:bombs. By 21 August the
1632:15th (Scottish) Division
1611:, commander, Lt-Gen Sir
1102:, which was broken up).
888:153rd (2nd Highland) Bde
533:First Army (Home Forces)
481:II Highland Brigade, RFA
410:Royal Garrison Artillery
392:Royal Garrison Artillery
205:51st (Highland) Division
203:in 1859. It served with
113:51st (Highland) Division
5604:Lt-Col J.D. Sainsbury,
4917:Litchfield, Appendix 5.
3699:Titles and Designations
3348:Middlebrook, pp. 210–1.
2617:Beckett, Appendix VIII.
1864:Hermann Goring Division
1718:Western Desert Campaign
1674:9th (Highland) Division
1589:Operation Market Garden
1513:tanks as armoured OPs.
1418:guns and then moved to
1347:. After the rearguard (
1335:had broken through the
967:2nd Portuguese Division
896:German spring offensive
825:Spur with one brigade (
812:Battle of Pilckem Ridge
255:The enthusiasm for the
5673:The British Army, 1914
5336:The Battle of Normandy
4852:Horrocks, pp. 262–266.
4821:Saunders, pp. 195–218.
4763:Horrocks, pp. 238–241.
4399:Horrocks, pp. 148–155.
4270:Horrocks, pp. 261–267.
4196:Horrocks, pp. 248–255.
3505:Blaxland, pp. 119–120.
3293:, pp. 216–230, Map 32.
3245:, pp. 205–208, Map 28.
3219:, pp. 197–204, Map 26.
3206:, Vol I, pp. 512–513.
3167:, pp. 169–174, Map 23.
3101:Becke, Pt 3b, pp. 4–7.
2671:Grierson, pp. 135–137.
2404:, TD, 16 February 1920
2163:43rd (Wessex) Division
2135:
2093:). It was attached to
2063:
2043:
1772:
1709:
1573:11th Armoured Division
1558:
1486:
1407:
1278:
1052:Armistice with Germany
1048:Battle of Valenciennes
1014:Hundred Days Offensive
1008:Hundred Days Offensive
927:
694:
660:
564:
477:
376:
362:No 14 Battery at Perth
223:, in the campaigns in
5550:The Battle of Cambrai
5355:The Defeat of Germany
4861:Lindsay, pp. 237–254.
4803:Lindsay, pp. 173–208.
4745:Lindsay, pp. 124–137.
4714:Lindsay, pp. 116–124.
4041:Farndale, pp. 99–100.
3799:, pp. 4, 10, Annex A.
3436:, Vol I, pp. 308–311.
3379:, Vol I, pp. 221–224.
2755:Beckett, pp. 178–179.
2319:from 540 (LS) LAD Rgt
2218:Anti-Aircraft Command
2108:53rd (Welsh) Division
2037:
1770:
1730:1st Armoured Division
1707:
1556:
1476:
1405:
1276:
1069:2/II Highland Brigade
1026:16th (Irish) Division
925:
800:Third Ypres Offensive
692:
658:
639:' unit raised by the
609:1st Canadian Division
558:
551:1/II Highland Brigade
492:Fifeshire Battery at
475:
466:Royal Field Artillery
374:
5695:The Long, Long Trail
5544:Capt Wilfred Miles,
5525:Capt Wilfred Miles,
5463:Lt-Col H.F. Joslen,
5211:Col John K. Dunlop,
5047:Grierson, Plate III.
4683:Lindsay, pp. 95–110.
3950:, pp. 81–82, Map 18.
3710:Sainsbury, pp. 15–7.
3530:Bewsher, pp. 309–17.
3458:Bewsher, pp. 285–92.
3357:Bewsher, pp. 275–80.
3324:Middlebrook, p. 117.
2608:Spiers, pp. 163–168.
2422:Lt-Col G.H. Barker,
2191:Bevern, Lower Saxony
1827:and trained for the
1682:Saint-Valery-en-Caux
1543:21st Panzer Division
1307:9th Infantry Brigade
1253:(BEF), deploying at
1096:CCCXXI (321) Brigade
1022:Battle of the Scarpe
827:154th (3rd Highland)
726:CCLX (I Lowland) Bde
456:1st Aberdeen RGA (V)
5585:Brig C.J.C. Molony,
4993:Litchfield, p. 270.
4984:Frederick, p. 1010.
4961:Frederick, p. 1024.
4908:Frederick, p, 1000.
4879:Swaab, pp. 253–276.
4870:Swaab, pp. 243–254.
4830:Swaab, pp. 237–242.
4812:Swaab, pp. 216–221.
4781:Swaab, pp. 201–208.
4754:Swaab, pp. 194–198.
4723:Swaab, pp. 191–192.
4692:Swaab, pp. 184–189.
4661:Swaab, pp. 176–183.
4652:Lindsay, pp. 82–95.
4643:Swaab, pp. 160–172.
4634:Lindsay, pp. 76–81.
4612:Swaab, pp. 153–158.
4603:, pp. 430–431, 449.
4538:Swaab, pp. 130–143.
4516:Swaab, pp. 117–123.
4145:, pp. 286, 311–316.
4007:France and Flanders
3992:France and Flanders
3977:France and Flanders
3962:France and Flanders
3934:, pp. 47–48, Map 9.
3918:France and Flanders
3903:France and Flanders
3765:Litchfield, p. 283.
3725:France and Flanders
3665:Litchfield, p. 304.
3336:Bewsher, pp. 274–5.
3315:Bewsher, pp. 270–4.
3069:Becke, Pt 2b, p. 6.
3033:on 10 November 2009
2785:Spiers, Chapter 10.
2776:Dunlop, Chapter 14.
2590:Grierson, pp. 1–12.
2354:Commanding officers
2263:from 276 (H) Fd Rgt
2251:from 275 (H) Fd Rgt
2245:from 276 (H) Fd Rgt
2091:Battle of the Bulge
2042:on 23 October 1944.
2002:for the assault on
1981:Operation Tractable
1941:Blainville-sur-Orne
1601:Operation Veritable
1563:Operation Charnwood
1527:Landing craft tanks
1034:Battle of the Selle
998:Battle of Tardenois
669:attack on High Wood
621:CCLVI (256) Brigade
605:Battle of Festubert
561:Imperial War Museum
5729:Scottish regiments
5626:Edward M. Spiers,
5516:Martin Middlebrook
5432:J.B.M. Frederick,
5425:J.B.M. Frederick,
5349:Major L.F. Ellis,
5330:Major L.F. Ellis,
5160:Gregory Blaxland,
5153:Maj F.W. Bewsher,
5138:Ian F.W. Beckett,
5038:Frederick, p.1042.
4529:, pp. 79, 247–250.
4054:, file WO 212/238.
3092:Frederick, p. 687.
2918:British Army, 1914
2865:Frederick, p. 676.
2178:Dortmund–Ems Canal
2140:Gordon Highlanders
2044:
1969:Operation Totalize
1876:battles round Etna
1833:Landing Ship, Tank
1773:
1762:Battle of Medenine
1710:
1684:at the end of the
1634:'s later assault.
1581:Operation Bluecoat
1575:'s thrust towards
1568:Operation Goodwood
1559:
1495:Operation Overlord
1487:
1408:
1357:7th Guards Brigade
1279:
928:
695:
661:
629:4.5-inch howitzers
565:
478:
448:North Scottish RGA
377:
367:Position artillery
315:Lieutenant-Colonel
257:Volunteer movement
145:Dunkirk evacuation
100:Garrison Artillery
92:Artillery Regiment
5236:978-1-845747-23-7
5191:978-0-85052-648-6
5086:Swaab, pp. 34–35.
4489:Swaab, pp. 84–90.
4471:Swaab, pp. 79–83.
4453:Swaab, pp. 71–79.
4435:Swaab, pp. 59–71.
4417:Swaab, pp. 51–58.
4390:Swaab, pp. 41–51.
4372:Horrocks, p. 147.
4363:Swaab, pp. 15–41.
4224:Horrocks, p. 257.
3539:Blaxland, p. 153.
3306:, p. 255, Map 33.
2493:13 February 1943.
2470:Prominent members
2441:Honorary Colonels
2384:Lt-Col D. Laing,
2112:Marche-en-Famenne
2016:Operation Wellhit
2008:Operation Astonia
1963:' attack towards
1961:II Canadian Corps
1899:Operation Baytown
1895:Strait of Messina
1841:Palazzolo Acreide
1624:Operation Plunder
990:Nanteuil-la-Fosse
963:Battle of the Lys
778:on 28 April (the
544:Territorial Force
507:Highland Division
437:Territorial Force
431:Territorial Force
406:Southern Division
402:Scottish Division
233:North West Europe
174:
173:
165:North West Europe
138:Second World War:
16:(Redirected from
5751:
5665:External sources
5558:978-1-84574724-4
5386:978-1-84574722-0
5220:James E. Edmonds
5096:
5093:
5087:
5084:
5078:
5072:
5066:
5063:
5057:
5056:Bewsher, p. 272.
5054:
5048:
5045:
5039:
5036:
5027:
5022:
5016:
5011:
5005:
5000:
4994:
4991:
4985:
4982:
4973:
4968:
4962:
4959:
4953:
4948:
4933:
4924:
4918:
4915:
4909:
4906:
4893:
4886:
4880:
4877:
4871:
4868:
4862:
4859:
4853:
4850:
4844:
4837:
4831:
4828:
4822:
4819:
4813:
4810:
4804:
4801:
4795:
4788:
4782:
4779:
4773:
4770:
4764:
4761:
4755:
4752:
4746:
4743:
4737:
4730:
4724:
4721:
4715:
4712:
4706:
4699:
4693:
4690:
4684:
4681:
4675:
4668:
4662:
4659:
4653:
4650:
4644:
4641:
4635:
4632:
4626:
4619:
4613:
4610:
4604:
4597:
4591:
4584:
4578:
4571:
4565:
4558:
4552:
4545:
4539:
4536:
4530:
4523:
4517:
4514:
4508:
4505:
4499:
4496:
4490:
4487:
4481:
4478:
4472:
4469:
4463:
4460:
4454:
4451:
4445:
4442:
4436:
4433:
4427:
4424:
4418:
4415:
4409:
4406:
4400:
4397:
4391:
4388:
4382:
4379:
4373:
4370:
4364:
4361:
4355:
4352:
4346:
4343:
4337:
4334:
4328:
4323:
4292:
4289:
4280:
4277:
4271:
4268:
4262:
4255:
4249:
4246:
4237:
4236:Lindsay, p. 218.
4234:
4225:
4222:
4213:
4206:
4197:
4194:
4185:
4178:
4172:
4165:
4159:
4152:
4146:
4139:
4133:
4128:
4122:
4115:
4109:
4102:
4096:
4089:
4083:
4080:
4071:
4064:
4055:
4048:
4042:
4039:
4033:
4032:Horrocks, p. 96.
4030:
4024:
4017:
4011:
4002:
3996:
3987:
3981:
3972:
3966:
3957:
3951:
3944:
3935:
3928:
3922:
3913:
3907:
3898:
3892:
3885:
3876:
3871:
3862:
3859:
3838:
3835:
3800:
3793:
3782:
3777:
3766:
3763:
3754:
3751:
3742:
3735:
3729:
3720:
3711:
3708:
3702:
3696:
3690:
3687:
3666:
3663:
3657:
3652:
3643:
3640:
3627:
3620:
3614:
3607:
3601:
3594:
3588:
3585:
3579:
3572:
3566:
3559:
3553:
3546:
3540:
3537:
3531:
3528:
3522:
3515:
3506:
3503:
3494:
3491:
3485:
3478:
3472:
3465:
3459:
3456:
3450:
3443:
3437:
3430:
3424:
3421:
3415:
3414:, Vol I, p. 245.
3408:
3402:
3401:Bewsher, p. 281.
3399:
3393:
3386:
3380:
3373:
3367:
3366:Blaxland, p. 48.
3364:
3358:
3355:
3349:
3346:
3337:
3334:
3325:
3322:
3316:
3313:
3307:
3300:
3294:
3287:
3281:
3274:
3268:
3265:
3259:
3252:
3246:
3239:
3233:
3226:
3220:
3213:
3207:
3200:
3194:
3187:
3181:
3174:
3168:
3161:
3155:
3148:
3142:
3141:Cave, pp. 75–98.
3139:
3133:
3126:
3120:
3117:
3111:
3108:
3102:
3099:
3093:
3090:
3081:
3076:
3070:
3067:
3061:
3056:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3038:
3029:. Archived from
3023:
3002:
2997:
2980:
2977:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2912:
2906:
2901:
2895:
2890:
2877:
2872:
2866:
2863:
2854:
2851:
2845:
2842:
2803:
2795:
2786:
2783:
2777:
2774:
2768:
2765:
2756:
2753:
2747:
2746:, various dates.
2741:
2694:
2691:
2672:
2669:
2636:
2633:
2618:
2615:
2609:
2606:
2600:
2597:
2591:
2588:
2582:
2579:
2563:
2559:
2553:
2550:
2544:
2533:
2527:
2524:
2518:
2511:
2447:Honorary Colonel
2388:, 6 January 1912
2313:from 400 (H) Rgt
2307:from 400 (H) Rgt
2301:from 400 (H) Rgt
2299:RHQ at Dundee –
2243:RHQ at Dundee –
2048:'s-Hertogenbosch
2040:'s-Hertogenbosch
1937:East India Docks
1897:on 3 September (
1891:Italian Campaign
1860:Gerbini Airfield
1797:Official History
1686:Battle of France
1678:Scottish Command
1641:and cutting the
1571:west to support
1485:, 29 April 1944.
1459:Battle of France
1440:Savernake Forest
1368:Operation Dynamo
1283:Battle of France
1269:Battle of France
1187:Second World War
1181:Second World War
1147:Territorial Army
1105:In Autumn 1916,
881:Spring Offensive
780:Battle of Arleux
760:standing barrage
715:Creeping barrage
637:Kitchener's Army
460:Highland RGA (V)
452:1st Fife RGA (V)
245:Territorial Army
221:Battle of France
217:Second World War
141:Battle of France
132:First World War:
83:Territorial Army
81:
66:
64:
63:
32:
21:
5759:
5758:
5754:
5753:
5752:
5750:
5749:
5748:
5719:
5718:
5717:
5710:Graham Watson,
5667:
5565:I.S.O. Playfair
5393:Martin Farndale
5123:Maj A.F. Becke,
5108:Maj A.F. Becke,
5104:
5099:
5094:
5090:
5085:
5081:
5073:
5069:
5064:
5060:
5055:
5051:
5046:
5042:
5037:
5030:
5023:
5019:
5012:
5008:
5001:
4997:
4992:
4988:
4983:
4976:
4969:
4965:
4960:
4956:
4949:
4936:
4925:
4921:
4916:
4912:
4907:
4896:
4890:Years of Defeat
4887:
4883:
4878:
4874:
4869:
4865:
4860:
4856:
4851:
4847:
4838:
4834:
4829:
4825:
4820:
4816:
4811:
4807:
4802:
4798:
4789:
4785:
4780:
4776:
4771:
4767:
4762:
4758:
4753:
4749:
4744:
4740:
4731:
4727:
4722:
4718:
4713:
4709:
4700:
4696:
4691:
4687:
4682:
4678:
4669:
4665:
4660:
4656:
4651:
4647:
4642:
4638:
4633:
4629:
4620:
4616:
4611:
4607:
4598:
4594:
4585:
4581:
4572:
4568:
4559:
4555:
4546:
4542:
4537:
4533:
4524:
4520:
4515:
4511:
4506:
4502:
4497:
4493:
4488:
4484:
4479:
4475:
4470:
4466:
4461:
4457:
4452:
4448:
4443:
4439:
4434:
4430:
4425:
4421:
4416:
4412:
4407:
4403:
4398:
4394:
4389:
4385:
4380:
4376:
4371:
4367:
4362:
4358:
4353:
4349:
4344:
4340:
4335:
4331:
4324:
4295:
4291:Lindsay, p. 49.
4290:
4283:
4278:
4274:
4269:
4265:
4256:
4252:
4247:
4240:
4235:
4228:
4223:
4216:
4207:
4200:
4195:
4188:
4179:
4175:
4171:, pp. 402, 410.
4166:
4162:
4153:
4149:
4140:
4136:
4129:
4125:
4116:
4112:
4103:
4099:
4090:
4086:
4082:Joslen, p. 584.
4081:
4074:
4065:
4058:
4049:
4045:
4040:
4036:
4031:
4027:
4021:Years of Defeat
4018:
4014:
4003:
3999:
3988:
3984:
3973:
3969:
3964:, Chapter VIII.
3958:
3954:
3948:Years of Defeat
3945:
3938:
3932:Years of Defeat
3929:
3925:
3914:
3910:
3899:
3895:
3889:Years of Defeat
3886:
3879:
3872:
3865:
3860:
3841:
3836:
3803:
3797:Years of Defeat
3794:
3785:
3778:
3769:
3764:
3757:
3752:
3745:
3739:Years of Defeat
3736:
3732:
3721:
3714:
3709:
3705:
3697:
3693:
3688:
3669:
3664:
3660:
3653:
3646:
3641:
3630:
3621:
3617:
3608:
3604:
3595:
3591:
3586:
3582:
3573:
3569:
3560:
3556:
3547:
3543:
3538:
3534:
3529:
3525:
3516:
3509:
3504:
3497:
3492:
3488:
3479:
3475:
3466:
3462:
3457:
3453:
3444:
3440:
3431:
3427:
3422:
3418:
3409:
3405:
3400:
3396:
3387:
3383:
3374:
3370:
3365:
3361:
3356:
3352:
3347:
3340:
3335:
3328:
3323:
3319:
3314:
3310:
3301:
3297:
3288:
3284:
3275:
3271:
3266:
3262:
3253:
3249:
3240:
3236:
3227:
3223:
3214:
3210:
3201:
3197:
3188:
3184:
3175:
3171:
3162:
3158:
3149:
3145:
3140:
3136:
3127:
3123:
3118:
3114:
3109:
3105:
3100:
3096:
3091:
3084:
3077:
3073:
3068:
3064:
3057:
3046:
3036:
3034:
3025:
3024:
3005:
2998:
2983:
2978:
2939:
2929:
2927:
2914:
2913:
2909:
2902:
2898:
2891:
2880:
2873:
2869:
2864:
2857:
2852:
2848:
2843:
2806:
2796:
2789:
2784:
2780:
2775:
2771:
2766:
2759:
2754:
2750:
2742:
2697:
2692:
2675:
2670:
2639:
2634:
2621:
2616:
2612:
2607:
2603:
2598:
2594:
2589:
2585:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2567:
2566:
2560:
2556:
2551:
2547:
2534:
2530:
2525:
2521:
2512:
2508:
2503:
2472:
2443:
2356:
2338:
2270:Royal Engineers
2206:
2120:
2032:
1985:Royal Air Force
1929:
1817:
1756:and facing the
1702:
1670:
1597:
1519:
1507:105 mm howitzer
1491:21st Army Group
1432:Lancing College
1400:
1271:
1242:
1194:
1189:
1139:
1071:
1010:
883:
875:Guards Division
843:Hindenburg Line
835:
808:counter-battery
796:
752:Battle of Arras
748:
665:Somme Offensive
653:
614:18-pounder guns
601:
553:
524:
519:
517:First World War
511:15-pounder guns
441:Haldane Reforms
439:(TF) under the
433:
425:Monifieth Links
398:Royal Artillery
394:
369:
332:Kincardineshire
253:
251:Volunteer Force
213:First World War
189:Royal Artillery
177:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
137:
133:
103:Field artillery
101:
61:
59:
42:
40:
38:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5757:
5755:
5747:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5721:
5720:
5716:
5715:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5675:(archive site)
5666:
5663:
5662:
5661:
5654:
5639:
5624:
5611:Tim Saunders,
5609:
5602:
5583:
5561:
5542:
5523:
5513:
5498:
5483:
5472:Martin Lindsay
5468:
5461:
5454:Brian Horrocks
5450:
5441:James Grierson
5437:
5430:
5423:
5408:
5389:
5366:
5347:
5328:
5315:
5296:
5277:
5258:
5239:
5216:
5209:
5196:Bryan Cooper,
5194:
5179:
5173:
5158:
5151:
5136:
5121:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5097:
5088:
5079:
5067:
5065:Swaab, p. 235.
5058:
5049:
5040:
5028:
5017:
5006:
4995:
4986:
4974:
4963:
4954:
4934:
4919:
4910:
4894:
4881:
4872:
4863:
4854:
4845:
4832:
4823:
4814:
4805:
4796:
4794:, pp. 258–267.
4783:
4774:
4765:
4756:
4747:
4738:
4725:
4716:
4707:
4694:
4685:
4676:
4674:, pp. 126–127.
4663:
4654:
4645:
4636:
4627:
4614:
4605:
4592:
4590:, pp. 419–424.
4579:
4566:
4553:
4551:, pp. 274–275.
4540:
4531:
4518:
4509:
4500:
4491:
4482:
4473:
4464:
4455:
4446:
4437:
4428:
4419:
4410:
4401:
4392:
4383:
4374:
4365:
4356:
4347:
4338:
4329:
4293:
4281:
4279:Joslen, p. 55.
4272:
4263:
4250:
4238:
4226:
4214:
4212:, pp. 288–292.
4198:
4186:
4173:
4160:
4147:
4134:
4123:
4110:
4108:, pp. 201–206.
4097:
4095:, pp. 172–173.
4084:
4072:
4070:, pp. 184–187.
4056:
4043:
4034:
4025:
4012:
3997:
3994:, Chapter XII.
3982:
3967:
3952:
3936:
3923:
3908:
3905:, Chapter III.
3893:
3877:
3863:
3861:Joslen, p. 43.
3839:
3837:Joslen, p. 83.
3801:
3783:
3767:
3755:
3743:
3730:
3712:
3703:
3691:
3667:
3658:
3644:
3628:
3615:
3602:
3600:, pp. 313–316.
3589:
3580:
3567:
3554:
3541:
3532:
3523:
3507:
3495:
3486:
3473:
3460:
3451:
3438:
3425:
3416:
3403:
3394:
3381:
3368:
3359:
3350:
3338:
3326:
3317:
3308:
3295:
3282:
3269:
3260:
3247:
3234:
3221:
3208:
3195:
3182:
3169:
3156:
3143:
3134:
3132:, pp. 154–156.
3121:
3119:Miles, p. 195.
3112:
3110:Miles, p. 136.
3103:
3094:
3082:
3071:
3062:
3044:
3003:
2981:
2937:
2907:
2896:
2878:
2867:
2855:
2846:
2804:
2801:20 March 1908.
2799:London Gazette
2787:
2778:
2769:
2757:
2748:
2695:
2673:
2637:
2619:
2610:
2601:
2592:
2583:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2554:
2545:
2528:
2519:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2497:
2494:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2466:
2463:
2460:
2454:
2442:
2439:
2438:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2430:(127th Fd Rgt)
2420:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2400:J. McPherson,
2392:
2389:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2363:
2355:
2352:
2337:
2334:
2322:
2321:
2315:
2309:
2303:
2266:
2265:
2259:
2253:
2247:
2205:
2202:
2119:
2116:
2031:
2028:
2024:Sint-Oedenrode
1989:Falaise Pocket
1928:
1925:
1816:
1813:
1720:, the British
1701:
1698:
1669:
1666:
1613:Brian Horrocks
1596:
1593:
1518:
1515:
1399:
1396:
1270:
1267:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1138:
1135:
1070:
1067:
1063:demobilisation
1018:Canadian Corps
1009:
1006:
882:
879:
851:high explosive
834:
831:
795:
792:
747:
744:
743:
742:
739:
736:
733:
703:Beaumont-Hamel
652:
649:
616:on 28 August.
600:
597:
552:
549:
523:
520:
518:
515:
503:
502:
499:
496:
490:
487:
470:
469:
462:
432:
429:
393:
390:
368:
365:
364:
363:
360:
357:
354:
351:
307:
306:
303:
300:
293:
290:
287:Broughty Ferry
283:
276:
252:
249:
175:
172:
171:
169:Rhine Crossing
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
110:
106:
105:
98:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
75:
71:
70:
68:United Kingdom
57:
53:
52:
49:
45:
44:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5756:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5726:
5724:
5714:
5713:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5674:
5671:Mark Conrad,
5669:
5668:
5664:
5659:
5655:
5652:
5651:0-7509-4275-4
5648:
5644:
5640:
5637:
5636:0-582-48565-7
5633:
5629:
5625:
5622:
5621:1-84415-221-9
5618:
5614:
5610:
5607:
5603:
5600:
5599:1-845740-69-6
5596:
5592:
5588:
5584:
5582:
5581:1-845740-68-8
5578:
5574:
5570:
5566:
5562:
5559:
5555:
5551:
5547:
5543:
5540:
5539:0-89839-169-5
5536:
5532:
5528:
5524:
5521:
5517:
5514:
5511:
5510:0-9508205-0-4
5507:
5503:
5499:
5496:
5495:0-9508205-2-0
5492:
5488:
5484:
5481:
5477:
5473:
5469:
5466:
5462:
5459:
5455:
5451:
5449:
5447:
5442:
5438:
5435:
5431:
5428:
5424:
5421:
5420:1-85753-080-2
5417:
5413:
5409:
5406:
5405:1-870114-00-0
5402:
5398:
5394:
5390:
5387:
5383:
5379:
5375:
5371:
5367:
5364:
5363:1-845740-59-9
5360:
5356:
5352:
5348:
5345:
5344:1-845740-58-0
5341:
5337:
5333:
5329:
5327:
5325:
5320:
5316:
5313:
5312:1-870423-06-2
5309:
5305:
5301:
5297:
5294:
5293:0-89839-211-X
5290:
5286:
5282:
5278:
5275:
5271:
5267:
5263:
5259:
5256:
5255:0-89839-219-5
5252:
5248:
5244:
5240:
5237:
5233:
5229:
5225:
5221:
5218:Brig-Gen Sir
5217:
5214:
5210:
5207:
5206:0-330-02579-1
5203:
5199:
5195:
5192:
5188:
5184:
5180:
5177:
5174:
5171:
5170:0-352-30833-8
5167:
5163:
5159:
5156:
5152:
5149:
5148:0 85936 271 X
5145:
5141:
5137:
5134:
5133:1-847347-39-8
5130:
5126:
5122:
5119:
5118:1-847347-39-8
5115:
5111:
5107:
5106:
5101:
5092:
5089:
5083:
5080:
5077:: Dundonald'.
5076:
5071:
5068:
5062:
5059:
5053:
5050:
5044:
5041:
5035:
5033:
5029:
5026:
5021:
5018:
5015:
5010:
5007:
5004:
4999:
4996:
4990:
4987:
4981:
4979:
4975:
4972:
4967:
4964:
4958:
4955:
4952:
4947:
4945:
4943:
4941:
4939:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4923:
4920:
4914:
4911:
4905:
4903:
4901:
4899:
4895:
4891:
4885:
4882:
4876:
4873:
4867:
4864:
4858:
4855:
4849:
4846:
4842:
4836:
4833:
4827:
4824:
4818:
4815:
4809:
4806:
4800:
4797:
4793:
4787:
4784:
4778:
4775:
4769:
4766:
4760:
4757:
4751:
4748:
4742:
4739:
4735:
4729:
4726:
4720:
4717:
4711:
4708:
4704:
4698:
4695:
4689:
4686:
4680:
4677:
4673:
4667:
4664:
4658:
4655:
4649:
4646:
4640:
4637:
4631:
4628:
4624:
4618:
4615:
4609:
4606:
4602:
4596:
4593:
4589:
4583:
4580:
4576:
4570:
4567:
4563:
4557:
4554:
4550:
4544:
4541:
4535:
4532:
4528:
4522:
4519:
4513:
4510:
4507:Swaab, p. 94.
4504:
4501:
4495:
4492:
4486:
4483:
4477:
4474:
4468:
4465:
4459:
4456:
4450:
4447:
4441:
4438:
4432:
4429:
4423:
4420:
4414:
4411:
4405:
4402:
4396:
4393:
4387:
4384:
4378:
4375:
4369:
4366:
4360:
4357:
4351:
4348:
4342:
4339:
4333:
4330:
4327:
4322:
4320:
4318:
4316:
4314:
4312:
4310:
4308:
4306:
4304:
4302:
4300:
4298:
4294:
4288:
4286:
4282:
4276:
4273:
4267:
4264:
4260:
4254:
4251:
4245:
4243:
4239:
4233:
4231:
4227:
4221:
4219:
4215:
4211:
4205:
4203:
4199:
4193:
4191:
4187:
4183:
4177:
4174:
4170:
4164:
4161:
4157:
4151:
4148:
4144:
4138:
4135:
4132:
4127:
4124:
4120:
4114:
4111:
4107:
4101:
4098:
4094:
4088:
4085:
4079:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4063:
4061:
4057:
4053:
4047:
4044:
4038:
4035:
4029:
4026:
4022:
4016:
4013:
4010:
4009:, Chapter XV.
4008:
4001:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3986:
3983:
3980:
3979:, Chapter IX.
3978:
3971:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3956:
3953:
3949:
3943:
3941:
3937:
3933:
3927:
3924:
3921:
3920:, Chapter IV.
3919:
3912:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3897:
3894:
3890:
3884:
3882:
3878:
3875:
3870:
3868:
3864:
3858:
3856:
3854:
3852:
3850:
3848:
3846:
3844:
3840:
3834:
3832:
3830:
3828:
3826:
3824:
3822:
3820:
3818:
3816:
3814:
3812:
3810:
3808:
3806:
3802:
3798:
3792:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3781:
3776:
3774:
3772:
3768:
3762:
3760:
3756:
3750:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3734:
3731:
3728:
3727:, Appendix I.
3726:
3719:
3717:
3713:
3707:
3704:
3700:
3695:
3692:
3686:
3684:
3682:
3680:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3672:
3668:
3662:
3659:
3656:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3633:
3629:
3625:
3624:Western Front
3619:
3616:
3612:
3606:
3603:
3599:
3598:Western Front
3593:
3590:
3584:
3581:
3577:
3571:
3568:
3564:
3563:Western Front
3558:
3555:
3551:
3545:
3542:
3536:
3533:
3527:
3524:
3520:
3514:
3512:
3508:
3502:
3500:
3496:
3490:
3487:
3483:
3482:Western Front
3477:
3474:
3470:
3464:
3461:
3455:
3452:
3448:
3447:Western Front
3442:
3439:
3435:
3429:
3426:
3420:
3417:
3413:
3407:
3404:
3398:
3395:
3391:
3390:Western Front
3385:
3382:
3378:
3372:
3369:
3363:
3360:
3354:
3351:
3345:
3343:
3339:
3333:
3331:
3327:
3321:
3318:
3312:
3309:
3305:
3304:Western Front
3299:
3296:
3292:
3291:Western Front
3286:
3283:
3279:
3273:
3270:
3264:
3261:
3257:
3251:
3248:
3244:
3243:Western Front
3238:
3235:
3231:
3225:
3222:
3218:
3217:Western Front
3212:
3209:
3205:
3199:
3196:
3192:
3191:Western Front
3186:
3183:
3179:
3173:
3170:
3166:
3165:Western Front
3160:
3157:
3153:
3147:
3144:
3138:
3135:
3131:
3130:Western Front
3125:
3122:
3116:
3113:
3107:
3104:
3098:
3095:
3089:
3087:
3083:
3080:
3075:
3072:
3066:
3063:
3060:
3055:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3045:
3032:
3028:
3022:
3020:
3018:
3016:
3014:
3012:
3010:
3008:
3004:
3001:
2996:
2994:
2992:
2990:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2964:
2962:
2960:
2958:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2944:
2942:
2938:
2925:
2921:
2919:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2876:
2871:
2868:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2850:
2847:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2809:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2779:
2773:
2770:
2764:
2762:
2758:
2752:
2749:
2745:
2740:
2738:
2736:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2726:
2724:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2696:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2680:
2678:
2674:
2668:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2638:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2614:
2611:
2605:
2602:
2596:
2593:
2587:
2584:
2578:
2575:
2569:
2558:
2555:
2549:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2532:
2529:
2523:
2520:
2516:
2510:
2507:
2500:
2495:
2492:
2488:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2476:
2475:
2469:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2452:
2451:
2450:
2449:of the unit:
2448:
2440:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2399:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2344:
2335:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2320:
2316:
2314:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2273:
2271:
2264:
2260:
2258:
2254:
2252:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2225:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2075:
2073:
2069:
2068:Willems Canal
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2041:
2036:
2030:Low Countries
2029:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1952:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1933:Liberty ships
1926:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1909:
1902:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1868:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1852:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1789:
1787:
1782:
1778:
1769:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1746:
1742:
1737:
1735:
1731:
1726:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1706:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1658:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1635:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1555:
1551:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1484:
1480:
1475:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1424:Cissbury Ring
1421:
1417:
1416:18/25-pounder
1413:
1404:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1392:Gracie Fields
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1372:Oostduinkerke
1369:
1365:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1329:
1325:However, the
1323:
1321:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1275:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1239:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1226:
1225:
1218:
1215:
1213:RHQ at Dundee
1212:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1198:Munich Crisis
1191:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1176:
1173:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1040:
1039:39th Division
1035:
1030:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1007:
1005:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
974:
970:
968:
964:
960:
956:
951:
949:
945:
939:
937:
933:
932:25th Division
924:
920:
918:
914:
909:
905:
901:
897:
892:
889:
880:
878:
876:
872:
867:
865:
861:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
832:
830:
828:
824:
820:
815:
813:
809:
805:
804:Ypres Salient
801:
793:
791:
789:
785:
781:
777:
776:34th Division
773:
769:
764:
761:
757:
753:
745:
740:
737:
734:
731:
730:
729:
727:
722:
720:
719:No man's land
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
691:
687:
685:
684:George Harper
682:
681:Major-General
678:
677:friendly fire
674:
670:
666:
657:
650:
648:
646:
642:
641:Earl of Derby
638:
634:
633:30th Division
630:
626:
622:
617:
615:
610:
606:
599:Western Front
598:
596:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
573:Western Front
571:(BEF) on the
570:
562:
557:
550:
548:
545:
540:
538:
537:Central Force
534:
530:
521:
516:
514:
512:
508:
500:
497:
495:
491:
488:
485:
484:
483:
482:
474:
467:
463:
461:
457:
453:
449:
446:
445:
444:
442:
438:
430:
428:
426:
422:
417:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
391:
389:
387:
383:
373:
366:
361:
358:
355:
352:
349:
348:
347:
345:
339:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
316:
312:
304:
301:
298:
294:
291:
288:
284:
281:
277:
274:
270:
269:
268:
266:
262:
258:
250:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
209:Western Front
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
176:Military unit
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
136:
135:Western Front
131:
127:
124:
121:
117:
114:
111:
107:
104:
99:
95:
91:
87:
84:
80:
76:
72:
69:
58:
54:
50:
46:
33:
30:
19:
5711:
5672:
5657:
5656:War Office,
5642:
5641:Jack Swaab,
5627:
5612:
5605:
5590:
5586:
5572:
5568:
5549:
5545:
5530:
5526:
5519:
5501:
5486:
5464:
5457:
5445:
5433:
5426:
5411:
5396:
5377:
5373:
5354:
5350:
5335:
5331:
5323:
5303:
5299:
5284:
5280:
5274:1-87042394-1
5265:
5261:
5246:
5242:
5227:
5223:
5212:
5197:
5182:
5181:Nigel Cave,
5175:
5162:Amiens: 1918
5161:
5154:
5139:
5124:
5109:
5091:
5082:
5074:
5070:
5061:
5052:
5043:
5020:
5009:
4998:
4989:
4966:
4957:
4928:
4922:
4913:
4889:
4884:
4875:
4866:
4857:
4848:
4840:
4835:
4826:
4817:
4808:
4799:
4791:
4786:
4777:
4768:
4759:
4750:
4741:
4733:
4728:
4719:
4710:
4702:
4697:
4688:
4679:
4671:
4666:
4657:
4648:
4639:
4630:
4625:, pp. 14–15.
4622:
4617:
4608:
4600:
4595:
4587:
4582:
4574:
4569:
4561:
4556:
4548:
4543:
4534:
4526:
4521:
4512:
4503:
4494:
4485:
4476:
4467:
4458:
4449:
4440:
4431:
4422:
4413:
4404:
4395:
4386:
4377:
4368:
4359:
4350:
4341:
4332:
4275:
4266:
4258:
4253:
4209:
4181:
4176:
4168:
4163:
4155:
4150:
4142:
4137:
4126:
4118:
4113:
4105:
4100:
4092:
4087:
4067:
4046:
4037:
4028:
4020:
4015:
4006:
4000:
3991:
3985:
3976:
3970:
3961:
3955:
3947:
3931:
3926:
3917:
3911:
3902:
3896:
3888:
3796:
3738:
3733:
3724:
3706:
3698:
3694:
3661:
3623:
3618:
3610:
3605:
3597:
3592:
3583:
3575:
3570:
3562:
3557:
3549:
3544:
3535:
3526:
3518:
3489:
3481:
3476:
3468:
3463:
3454:
3446:
3441:
3433:
3428:
3419:
3411:
3406:
3397:
3389:
3384:
3376:
3371:
3362:
3353:
3320:
3311:
3303:
3298:
3290:
3285:
3277:
3272:
3263:
3255:
3250:
3242:
3237:
3229:
3224:
3216:
3211:
3203:
3198:
3190:
3185:
3177:
3172:
3164:
3159:
3151:
3146:
3137:
3129:
3124:
3115:
3106:
3097:
3074:
3065:
3035:. Retrieved
3031:the original
2928:. Retrieved
2917:
2910:
2899:
2870:
2849:
2798:
2781:
2772:
2751:
2743:
2613:
2604:
2595:
2586:
2577:
2557:
2548:
2531:
2522:
2509:
2484:Rear-Admiral
2473:
2444:
2357:
2339:
2323:
2318:
2312:
2306:
2300:
2292:
2274:
2267:
2262:
2257:from 862 Bty
2256:
2250:
2244:
2236:
2232:
2226:
2209:
2207:
2199:
2193:, moving to
2175:
2154:
2152:
2123:
2121:
2086:
2076:
2052:Loon op Zand
2045:
1997:
1973:4th Canadian
1956:
1953:
1930:
1921:Long Melford
1917:Beaconsfield
1907:
1903:
1888:
1869:
1853:
1818:
1796:
1790:
1774:
1738:
1727:
1711:
1700:North Africa
1671:
1659:
1650:
1636:
1627:
1617:
1598:
1585:
1560:
1520:
1488:
1448:
1409:
1398:Home Defence
1391:
1380:Westvleteren
1361:
1353:Escaut Canal
1349:4th Division
1345:River Dendre
1341:River Escaut
1333:Army Group A
1326:
1324:
1316:Army Group B
1311:
1280:
1263:3rd Division
1243:
1229:RHQ at Leven
1223:
1222:
1207:
1206:
1195:
1192:Mobilisation
1177:
1168:
1142:
1140:
1127:Haveringland
1116:
1104:
1095:
1072:
1056:
1031:
1011:
975:
971:
958:
952:
940:
929:
900:6th Division
893:
884:
868:
839:Third Army's
836:
823:Poelcappelle
816:
797:
765:
749:
723:
696:
662:
620:
618:
612:with modern
602:
566:
541:
525:
522:Mobilisation
504:
480:
479:
434:
418:
413:
395:
378:
340:
310:
308:
261:British Army
254:
247:until 1975.
225:North Africa
185:British Army
180:
178:
109:Part of
29:
5548:, Vol III,
5458:A Full Life
5452:Lt-Gen Sir
5370:Cyril Falls
5283:, Vol III,
3037:10 November
2930:19 February
2287:) Bty from
2235:), to form
2186:Delmenhorst
1880:Biancavilla
1805:Enfidaville
1793:Wadi Akarit
1758:Mareth Line
1722:Eighth Army
1690:153 Brigade
1647:Delmenhorst
1577:Mont Pinçon
1531:8th Brigade
1499:Sword Beach
1451:25-pounders
1412:Glastonbury
1312:Wehrmacht's
1082:and joined
917:Black Watch
904:Mustard gas
855:Flesquières
784:barbed wire
711:barbed wire
577:Southampton
421:Barry Links
326:) and 4th (
265:Forfarshire
211:during the
193:Forfarshire
191:founded in
129:Engagements
119:Garrison/HQ
5723:Categories
5571:, Vol IV:
5529:, Vol II,
5480:0850527546
5353:, Vol II:
5319:L.F. Ellis
5264:, Vol II,
5226:, Vol II,
5102:References
4892:, Annex M.
4888:Farndale,
4019:Farndale,
3946:Farndale,
3930:Farndale,
3887:Farndale,
3795:Farndale,
3737:Farndale,
3622:Farndale,
3596:Farndale,
3561:Farndale,
3480:Farndale,
3445:Farndale,
3388:Farndale,
3302:Farndale,
3289:Farndale,
3241:Farndale,
3215:Farndale,
3189:Farndale,
3163:Farndale,
3128:Farndale,
1949:BĂ©nouville
1741:El Agheila
1694:Oldmeldrum
1609:XXX Corps'
1605:Reichswald
1511:M4 Sherman
1444:Dorchester
1420:Chichester
1384:Bray-Dunes
1291:River Dyle
1032:After the
955:First Army
860:Graincourt
756:XVII Corps
645:Lancashire
382:War Office
320:Johnshaven
5589:, Vol V:
5376:, Vol I,
5334:, Vol I:
5302:, Vol V,
5245:, Vol I,
4736:, p. 237.
4705:, p. 160.
4577:, p. 420.
4564:, p. 343.
4184:, p. 273.
4121:, p. 227.
4023:, p. 102.
3626:, p. 317.
3574:Edmonds,
3565:, p. 285.
3548:Edmonds,
3517:Edmonds,
3484:, p. 271.
3467:Edmonds,
3449:, p. 268.
3432:Edmonds,
3410:Edmonds,
3392:, p. 265.
3375:Edmonds,
3254:Edmonds,
3228:Edmonds,
3193:, p. 178.
2916:"Conrad,
2744:Army List
2501:Footnotes
2482:, son of
2233:see above
2167:Isselburg
2155:see above
2124:see above
2118:Rhineland
2095:XII Corps
2087:see above
1957:see above
1913:Liverpool
1908:Argentina
1884:Zafferana
1628:see below
1595:Rhineland
1503:M7 Priest
1483:Hampshire
1088:Blickling
913:Lewis gun
231:, and in
215:. In the
51:1859–1975
5563:Maj-Gen
5439:Maj-Gen
5391:Gen Sir
4927:Watson,
4601:Normandy
4588:Normandy
4575:Normandy
4562:Normandy
4549:Normandy
4527:Normandy
4169:Normandy
4156:Normandy
4143:Normandy
4119:Normandy
4106:Normandy
4093:Normandy
4068:Normandy
2924:Archived
2581:Beckett.
2336:Uniforms
2079:Nijmegen
2012:Boulogne
2004:Le Havre
1927:Normandy
1849:Dittaino
1750:Medenine
1651:en route
1479:Emsworth
1428:Worthing
1388:La Panne
1337:Ardennes
1299:Brussels
1137:Interwar
1092:Worstead
1002:Chaumuzy
959:en route
944:IV Corps
908:grenades
864:Cantaing
788:shrapnel
768:Gavrelle
750:For the
581:Le Havre
324:St Cyrus
322:), 3rd (
280:Montrose
273:Arbroath
201:Scotland
5470:Lt-Col
4929:TA 1947
4841:Germany
4839:Ellis,
4792:Germany
4790:Ellis,
4734:Germany
4732:Ellis,
4703:Germany
4701:Ellis,
4672:Germany
4670:Ellis,
4623:Germany
4621:Ellis,
4599:Ellis,
4586:Ellis,
4573:Ellis,
4560:Ellis,
4547:Ellis,
4525:Ellis,
4259:Germany
4257:Ellis,
4210:Germany
4208:Ellis,
4182:Germany
4180:Ellis,
4167:Ellis,
4154:Ellis,
4141:Ellis,
4117:Ellis,
4104:Ellis,
4091:Ellis,
4066:Ellis,
4005:Ellis,
3990:Ellis,
3975:Ellis,
3960:Ellis,
3916:Ellis,
3901:Ellis,
3741:, p. 9.
3701:, 1927.
3276:Miles,
3202:Falls,
3176:Falls,
2398:Colonel
2285:Zetland
2204:Postwar
2099:Sittard
2020:Antwerp
1993:Lisieux
1965:Falaise
1856:Paternò
1851:river.
1845:Vizzini
1837:Pachino
1835:, near
1825:Algeria
1781:sappers
1754:Tunisia
1745:Tripoli
1509:, with
1464:Dewlish
1364:Dunkirk
1328:Panzers
1303:Louvain
1131:Reepham
1123:Aylsham
1119:Norwich
1080:Norfolk
1059:billets
986:Épernay
847:Cambrai
833:Cambrai
585:Lillers
529:Bedford
153:Tunisia
149:Alamein
56:Country
5649:
5634:
5619:
5597:
5579:
5556:
5537:
5508:
5493:
5478:
5418:
5403:
5384:
5361:
5342:
5310:
5291:
5272:
5253:
5234:
5204:
5189:
5168:
5146:
5131:
5116:
5095:Swaab.
3723:Ellis
3150:Falls
2537:Bosche
2395:Brevet
2283:&
2281:Orkney
2272:(RE).
2195:Verden
2182:Bremen
2171:Anholt
2144:Gennep
2083:Arnhem
1872:Adrano
1821:Bougie
1815:Sicily
1643:Bremen
1639:Lingen
1468:Dorset
1436:Sussex
1376:Coxyde
1295:Diegem
1287:Plan D
1255:Avelin
1247:Ewshot
1202:troops
994:Pourcy
593:Robecq
589:Busnes
328:Bervie
297:Dundee
241:VE Day
229:Sicily
157:Sicily
123:Dundee
74:Branch
65:
48:Active
5368:Capt
5075:Burke
2570:Notes
2562:guns.
2347:Shako
2343:Busby
2326:cadre
2132:Dutch
2128:Meuse
2103:Liège
2097:near
2072:Weert
2070:near
2060:Dutch
2056:Meuse
2000:Seine
1874:(the
1809:Tunis
1786:Gabès
1649:road
1620:Rhine
1535:mines
1523:D Day
1517:D-Day
1453:with
1426:near
1320:Namur
1259:Lille
1257:near
1172:Angus
1109:from
984:near
982:Marne
948:Irles
936:fuzes
794:Ypres
772:Roeux
746:Arras
651:Somme
635:, a '
494:Leven
344:Perth
295:5th (
285:3rd (
278:2nd (
271:1st (
237:D-Day
235:from
199:) in
197:Angus
195:(now
161:D-Day
5647:ISBN
5632:ISBN
5617:ISBN
5595:ISBN
5577:ISBN
5554:ISBN
5535:ISBN
5506:ISBN
5491:ISBN
5476:ISBN
5416:ISBN
5401:ISBN
5382:ISBN
5359:ISBN
5340:ISBN
5317:Maj
5308:ISBN
5289:ISBN
5270:ISBN
5251:ISBN
5232:ISBN
5202:ISBN
5187:ISBN
5166:ISBN
5144:ISBN
5129:ISBN
5114:ISBN
3611:1918
3576:1918
3550:1918
3519:1918
3469:1918
3434:1918
3412:1918
3377:1918
3278:1917
3256:1917
3230:1917
3204:1917
3178:1917
3152:1917
3039:2009
2932:2006
2491:mine
2169:and
2159:Rees
2148:Goch
2136:Maas
2081:and
2064:Maas
1975:and
1945:Orne
1919:and
1843:and
1801:Sfax
1775:The
1743:and
1734:Axis
1547:Orne
1539:Caen
1455:Quad
1281:The
1125:and
1090:and
1061:and
894:The
591:and
579:for
458:and
227:and
179:The
97:Role
89:Type
2541:DSO
2424:OBE
2402:DSO
2291:as
1935:at
1906:SS
1823:in
1752:in
1579:in
1466:in
1331:of
845:at
643:in
535:in
239:to
187:'s
5725::
5518:,
5456:,
5443:,
5395:,
5372:,
5321:,
5222:,
5031:^
4977:^
4937:^
4897:^
4296:^
4284:^
4241:^
4229:^
4217:^
4201:^
4189:^
4075:^
4059:^
3939:^
3880:^
3866:^
3842:^
3804:^
3786:^
3770:^
3758:^
3746:^
3715:^
3670:^
3647:^
3631:^
3510:^
3498:^
3341:^
3329:^
3085:^
3047:^
3006:^
2984:^
2940:^
2922:.
2881:^
2858:^
2807:^
2790:^
2760:^
2698:^
2676:^
2640:^
2622:^
2480:MC
2428:MC
2426:,
2386:TD
2367:VD
2295::
2224:.
2173:.
2134::
2062::
2026:.
1995:.
1923:.
1788:.
1657:.
1583:.
1481:,
1470:.
1446:.
1359:.
1183:.
1121:,
587:,
539:.
513:.
454:,
330:)
267::
5653:.
5638:.
5623:.
5601:.
5560:.
5541:.
5512:.
5497:.
5482:.
5422:.
5407:.
5388:.
5365:.
5346:.
5314:.
5295:.
5276:.
5257:.
5238:.
5208:.
5193:.
5172:.
5150:.
5135:.
5120:.
4931:.
3041:.
2934:.
2920:"
2543:.
2130:(
2058:(
2014:(
2006:(
1967:(
1645:–
563:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.