237:
33:
617:, and until the 21st century, it was almost unheard of in central Poland. Since then, additional occurrences have been noted, and it can now be found in almost every part of Poland. In the 21st century, apart from the northern, western, and mountainous parts of Poland, it has been recorded in isolated locations. During this period, there has been a multiple increase in the number of known habitats, accompanied by the disappearance of historical mountain habitats.
54:
494:
few more days, the cells of the gemmae die, as do the older parts of the rhizoids, and the newly formed thalli grow radially on the substrate. The development of new crustose thalli requires the apex cell of the rhizoid to come into contact with a hard substrate, while on a soft substrate, filaments that do not form typical thalli develop. In such cases, a form resembling
302:. The upper layer of the thallus is smooth. The filaments of the vegetative thallus are strongly fused and difficult to separate. Forms similar to transections may develop at the edges of the thallus. The color is blood-red (from pink to burgundy), with a brownish hue in winter. Growth in thickness is limited, making it impossible to distinguish annual growth layers.
222:
322:. Cells in different parts of the thallus have uneven sizes, varying even twofold, especially in the case of branching. The average size of cells is 8.4 × 8.6 μm, the average length of filaments is 38.4 μm, and the average thickness of the basal layer is 5.5 μm in the typical form, while in the variety distinguished by slightly darker coloration –
489:
year-round but develop most intensively in warm months, often when water levels are low, allowing rocks with thalli to protrude above the water. The gemmae detach, leaving small depressions in the thallus, and are carried away by the current. Upon contact with a substrate, they settle on it, adhere with mucus, and after two days, develop
676:, tolerating elevated nitrogen content but not high phosphorus content. It occurs over a wide range of specific electrolytic conductivity (a measure of dissolved mineral substances). It is found in waters with a slightly acidic to slightly alkaline pH, although it is more common in alkaline waters, hence it is described as an
1035:
as its type locality. In phycological tradition, such distinguished varieties are treated almost on par with separate species. This variety has slightly larger cells and a darker shade. Molecular studies do not indicate the distinctiveness of this taxon, and since 2003, it has not been distinguished.
479:
with trichogynes. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, Starmach conducted observations and experiments involving these structures, proving that they are gmmae. The gemmae consist of short (usually eight-celled) filaments arranged side by side, noticeably thicker than the filaments of the parent thallus
493:
emerging from several basal cells. These rhizoids do not contain chloroplasts. Under favorable conditions, some rhizoids branch, and new chloroplast-containing cells develop at their tips, giving rise to new thalli. In unfavorable conditions, such as winter, this process takes several weeks. After a
261:
on stones submerged in water, typically in streams and rivers, less commonly in lakes and brackish parts of seas. It occurs in scattered locations on almost all continents. The species was formerly considered an indicator of clean or slightly polluted waters. The scientific genus name is sometimes
488:
and swell. Their exterior becomes mucilaginous. Due to the compact arrangement of the filaments of the parent thallus, swelling causes the filaments to grow and protrude outward from the thallus. Mature gemmae are nodules with a diameter of up to 1 mm. These structures occur on the thallus
980:
period or earlier. Another hypothesis suggested that various subpopulations originated from multiple independent transitions of the marine form to inland water. In the case of populations in the Baltic Sea basin, this would only be possible after the retreat of the glacier, i.e., during the
723:
of water cleanliness. However, among them, it is recognized as a species relatively tolerant to pollution. In German literature, it falls into categories of indicators for fertile waters: meso-eutrophic or eu-politrophic and β-mesosaprobic, indicating moderately polluted waters. As a
810:
The surface of
Hildenbrandia thallus is colonized by various epiphytic organisms, such as the diatom Cocconeis lineata. Thalli may be grazed upon by insect larvae (e.g., chironomids) or snails, but this phenomenon usually does not cause significant damage.
317:
Anatomical features are quite variable. Initially, it was thought to be geographic variability, but in reality, the same variability occurs within local populations. Cells are approximately cylindrical to spherical. Individual cells contain single
632:, has a relatively broad ecological tolerance, although it prefers swiftly flowing rivers with relatively clean water. It favors shaded areas but can also occur in sun-exposed locations. The crusty shape of its thallus allows it to fit into the
521:
Reproduction through thallus fragmentation, i.e., the regeneration of a new thallus from a piece of old thallus not being a gemma, also occurs but is less common in natural conditions. In such cases, rhizoids or thread-like forms resembling
747:, with values of W=6 (indicating a preference for mesotrophic waters) and L=2 (indicating an average tolerance range). Due to its broader ecological tolerance than previously believed, its bioindicative value is questioned.
330:
Lingelsh. 1922 – these dimensions are respectively: 6.0 × 6.4 μm, 52.8 μm, 9.2 μm. Despite these differences, molecular studies do not indicate distinctiveness of this variety, and specimens classified as the species
1000:
in the Baltic Sea, among other places. With multiple invasions, genetic differentiation of
European subpopulations could be expected, stemming from different parent populations. However, in reality, populations of
2181:"Erstfunde der Krusten-Rotalge Hildenbrandia rivularis (Liebmann) J. G. Agardh und der Krusten-Braunalge Heribaudiella fluviatilis (Areschoug) Svedelius im Tangelnschen Bach (Sachsen-Anhalt, Deutschland)"
294:
The thallus is in the form of a flat crust closely adhering to the rocky substrate, giving it the appearance of a coating. It grows radially, assuming a rounded, disc-like shape. It is composed of
1005:
are very homogeneous, suggesting that there was a single invasion from saltwater. Furthermore, genetic distinctiveness from marine species indicates that it has a history predating the end of the
3002:
Species genera et ordines algarum, seu descriptiones succinctae specierum, generum et ordinum, quibus algarum regnum constituitur. Volumen secundum: algas florideas complectens. Part 2, fasc. 1
1260:
Species genera et ordines algarum, seu descriptiones succinctae specierum, generum et ordinum, quibus algarum regnum constituitur. Volumen secundum: algas florideas complectens. Part 2, fasc. 1
2247:
Kolada, Agnieszka; Adamczyk, Mikołaj; Bielczyńska, Aleksandra; Bis, Barbara; Błachuta, Jan; Błeńska, Magdalena; Bociąg, Katarzyna; Brzeska-Roszczyk, Paulina; Ciecierska, Hanna, eds. (2020).
2139:"Factors Determining the Distribution of Reophil and Protected Hildenbrandia rivularis (Liebmann) J. Agardh 1851, the Rhodophyta Freshwater Species, in Lowland River Ecosystems"
1142:). Most likely, it refers to Franz Xaver Edler von Hildenbrand (1789–1849). Hence, in the literature, from the very beginning, various versions of the name were used, such as
2390:
The
Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of 9 July 2004, on species of wild plants protected by law was published in the Journal of Laws of 2004, No. 168, item 1764.
460:, but this hypothesis has not been confirmed. Likewise, the presence of true tetrasporangia and the production of tetraspores reported in the 1950s have not been confirmed.
1828:
2473:
2399:
The
Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of 9 October 2014, concerning the protection of plant species was published in the Journal of Laws of 2014, item 1409.
3182:
736:
species in category B, meaning it is less sensitive than taxa requiring the best environmental conditions. In Poland, it is taken into account when determining the
1162:
was proposed in 1840 by
Giovanni Zanardini and over time, especially since the 1950s, it became dominant (after identifying the person commemorated by this name).
3208:
2313:
347:
compared to other traditionally recognized species of this genus. Despite the vivid red color of the entire thallus, individual cells may appear light green.
644:. However, it is also found in slower-flowing and stagnant waters. The presence of hard, mineral substrate is crucial for the settling and development of
640:
more often covers the parts of rocks facing the current. It grows in waters with various flow velocities, averaging 32 cm/s, which qualifies it as a
2216:
Verfahrensanleitung für die ökologische
Bewertung von Fließgewässern zur Umsetzung der EG-Wasserrahmenrichtlinie: Makrophyten und Phytobenthos. Phylib
2180:
3156:
2214:
1192:
has a Latin origin and is often given to species associated with streams. Subsequently, the same species was described by
Giovanni Zanardini as
732:, it holds relatively high importance. In those types of watercourses where it is significant as an indicator, it is classified as a non-diatom
901:
2635:
2375:
2340:
2258:
2028:
1791:"Microscopic analysis and seasonality of gemma production in the freshwater red alga Hildenbrandia angolensis (Hildenbrandiales, Rhodophyta)"
1670:
1376:
298:
arranged in tightly fused vertical rows, with weakly branching. The lower layer of the thallus adheres to the substrate, without forming
1975:
Jakubas-Krzak, Emilia; Gąbka, Maciej; Panek, Piotr; W. A. Kowalski, Wojciech; Lisek, Daniel; Smoczyk, Michał; Rybak, Andrzej S. (2023).
1851:
3143:
2525:"European freshwater Hildenbrandia (Hildenbrandiales, Rhodophyta) has not been derived from multiple invasions from marine habitats"
2433:
3234:
2622:, Cellular Origin, Life in Extreme Habitats and Astrobiology, vol. 13, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 111–125,
2481:
2409:
Siemińska, Jadwiga (1992). "Czerwona lista glonów zagrożonych w Polsce". In
Zarzycki, K.; Wojewoda, W.; Heinrich, Z. (eds.).
2250:
Podręcznik do monitoringu elementów biologicznych i klasyfikacji stanu ekologicznego wód powierzchniowych: aktualizacja metod
1689:
3195:
3020:
1201:
945:
699:
It can also occur in stagnant waters. In such an environment, it prefers shaded areas with fairly strong wave action. In
53:
309:
variability, while its eco-physiological parameters and reproductive intensity vary depending on seasonal conditions.
3085:
2317:
3213:
1720:
1460:
1330:
1028:
692:
quarries. In alpine streams, it dominates warm waters in the summer – both nutrient-poor and calcium-rich. It is a
510:
Gemmae and thallus fragments usually flow downstream, and upstream transport likely occurs through animals such as
463:
According to observations by
Starmach from the late 1920s, bright spots appear on the upper side of the thallus of
3267:
2428:. Аршыца Беларусцы (in Belarusian). Vol. 2. Minsk: Беларуская Энцыклапедыя імя Петруся Броўкі. p. 157.
2283:
1747:"Ultrastructural observations of tetrasporangia and conceptacles in Hildenbrandia (rhodophyta: Hildenbrandiales)"
1563:"Systematics of the Hildenbrandiales (Rhodophyta): gene sequence and morphometric analyses of global collections"
1083:
but is poorly described and is not included in molecular analyses allowing for the determination of relatedness.
896:
827:
2929:
2071:
1282:
3262:
1138:
was coined in 1834 by
Giandomenico Nardo, commemorating the Viennese doctor of medicine and botany Hildbrandt (
1400:
1977:"The red alga Hildenbrandia rivularis is a weak indicator of the good ecological status of riverine habitats"
742:
371:
form a crustose, vivid red biofilm. Sometimes, the thalli of both species can be very similar to each other.
927:
800:
737:
471:. For several decades, phycologists did not know their function. Theories were proposed that they could be
3047:
1927:. Flora słodkowodna Polski. Vol. 14. Warsaw, Kraków: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe. pp. 253–254.
1875:"Distribution and systematics of freshwater Hildenbrandia (Rhodophyta, Hildenbrandiales) in North America"
1019:, which may result from the fact that it reproduces only asexually. For several decades, a variety called
1006:
840:(Fritsch 1929 corr. Täuscher). It belongs to the class of crustose communities or mats of epilithic algae
1165:
The species was first scientifically described by Frederik Michael Liebmann in a work from 1838 based on
990:
43:
forming a crusted coating on the stone (for illustration purposes, the stone was taken out of the water)
1822:
1186:
760:
403:
267:
141:
2980:
2954:
2781:
2593:
1612:
1562:
1140:
cui nomen venit a clarissimo doctore Hildbrandt Vindobonensi, clinico illustri, ac Botanico peritissimo
3000:
2904:
2223:
1258:
822:
236:
32:
3239:
3117:
2669:
2569:
2536:
1988:
1886:
1627:
1574:
1494:"Phenology and Morphology of the Two Freshwater Red Algae (Rhodophyta) in the Imperial Palace, Tokyo"
606:
433:
2524:
411:
271:
226:
3099:
2449:
1016:
804:
344:
2885:
2601:
Annales Universitatis Scientiarum Budapestinensis de Rolando Eötvös Nominatae. Sectio Biologica 1
2253:. Biblioteka Monitoringu Środowiska. Warsaw: Główny Inspektorat Ochrony Środowiska. p. 111.
2116:
1940:"Nowe stanowiska Hildenbrandia Rivularis (Liebm.) J. Agardh (Rhodophyta) w województwie lubuskim"
911:
673:
660:
or glass. Swift flow promotes water self-purification, especially from easily oxidizable organic
529:
Another relatively rare form of vegetative reproduction is the formation of filaments resembling
496:
445:
359:. The range of anatomical dimensions of these two species overlaps, but on average, the cells of
163:
48:
1522:
1493:
1204:
recognized that these were the same taxa, simultaneously considering them a riverine variety of
1122:
is a distinct clade from other clades at the rank of subclass, emerging with them from the node
3187:
1874:
1746:
3221:
3021:"Mesolithic settlement near Stonehenge: excavations at Blick Mead, Vespasian's Camp, Amesbury"
2877:
2762:
2744:
2705:
2687:
2631:
2429:
2371:
2336:
2264:
2254:
2158:
2063:
2024:
1902:
1843:
1810:
1766:
1701:
1666:
1590:
1422:
1372:
1216:. In 1851, Jakob Georg Agardh transferred the species under the current name, then written as
995:
374:
It may be confused with other algae forming crustose thalli on rocks, such as the brown algae
3226:
2869:
2752:
2736:
2695:
2677:
2623:
2544:
2363:
2295:
2195:
2150:
2108:
1996:
1894:
1802:
1758:
1658:
1635:
1582:
1534:
1472:
1412:
1342:
949:
108:
98:
1055:
Both morphologically and genetically, the most similar are two other species of freshwater
1790:
1461:"Growth of thalli and reproduction of the red alga Hildenbrandia rivularis (Liebm.) J. Ag"
1111:
957:
934:
729:
672:
for clean waters: xenosaprobic and oligosaprobic. It is somewhat less sensitive to excess
669:
661:
559:
480:(5–12 μm) and are relatively easy to separate. During their growth, their cells fill with
449:
88:
1369:
Klucz do oznaczania makrofitów dla potrzeb oceny stanu ekologicznego wód powierzchniowych
2673:
2615:
2540:
2049:"Indicator value of freshwater red algae in running waters for water quality assessment"
1992:
1890:
1631:
1578:
2757:
2724:
2700:
2657:
2299:
1806:
1662:
700:
633:
457:
340:
295:
68:
2857:
550:
The species is freshwater, although it also occurs in the most brackish waters of the
3256:
2357:
1939:
1586:
1169:
specimens collected by Statsraada Hornemann in 1826 in a stream at Kongens Møller in
1068:
725:
609:. According to other studies, it occurs in scattered locations in Poland – mainly in
591:
571:
416:
276:
118:
2831:
2502:
2356:
Snoeijs-Leijonmalm, Pauline; Schubert, Hendrik; Radziejewska, Teresa, eds. (2017).
2097:"Culture and Development of Hildenbrandia rivularis from Denmark and North America"
1521:
Cantonati, Marco; Spitale, Daniel; Scalfi, Alessia; Guella, Graziano (2016-03-30).
796:
733:
720:
652:, boulders, gravel, as well as on artificial substrates like the infrastructure of
629:
555:
515:
391:
2001:
1976:
795:, may also occur in similar habitats. It relatively often occurs near habitats of
3070:
2682:
2548:
2138:
1613:"Relation of Pleurocapsa cuprea Hansgirg to the genus Hildenbrandia (Rhodophyta)"
1236:
may have influenced the perception of places where this phenomenon occurs (e.g.,
1036:
Based on morphological and ecological differences, a subspecies occurring in the
3200:
3169:
3079:
2627:
1032:
685:
677:
587:
579:
533:, on which new thalli develop at the ends. These stolons have been described as
485:
472:
319:
2803:
1118:
are also monotypic. Therefore, in cladistic classification systems, the family
501:
2367:
2268:
1898:
1762:
1237:
973:
933:
Being a shade-tolerant species, its habitats are threatened by the cutting of
755:
Occupying habitats where it is difficult for other organisms to settle allows
704:
681:
649:
625:
551:
429:
379:
2881:
2748:
2691:
2162:
2067:
1906:
1814:
1770:
1705:
1594:
1426:
875:. This occurs in the most freshwater areas of the Baltic Sea (Bothnian Bay).
355:
The most similar species is another freshwater representative of the genus –
3148:
3130:
3094:
2725:"Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes"
2314:"UC (LEF) - Lemaneetea fluviatilis Weber-Oldecop ex Bobrov et Chemeris 2012"
2248:
1048:(Palik 1961), was distinguished, initially described as a separate species,
693:
689:
653:
641:
610:
583:
306:
254:
78:
2766:
2709:
1371:. Biblioteka Monitoringu Środowiska. Warsaw: Inspekcja Ochrony Środowiska.
363:
are smaller. A similar range of cell sizes is also found in the freshwater
221:
3109:
1477:
1417:
1347:
3064:
2222:(in German). Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt. p. 94. Archived from
2154:
1538:
1166:
982:
977:
972:
It is assumed that its ancestors were marine algae. According to initial
892:
657:
567:
507:
may rarely appear, which over time may transform into a typical thallus.
476:
1523:"Exploring the contrasting seasonal strategies of two crenic macroalgae"
1114:. Moreover, subsequent taxa at higher ranks up to the level of subclass
367:. Its colonies form a crustose mat and are brick-red, while colonies of
3161:
2889:
2120:
2096:
1170:
919:
915:
614:
490:
299:
258:
250:
3174:
2740:
1639:
1331:"O rozmnażaniu się krasnorosta Hildenbrandia rivularis (Liebm.) J. Ag"
2048:
1037:
602:
563:
530:
481:
336:
230:
3041:
2873:
2614:
Kumano, Shigeru (2010), Seckbach, Joseph; Chapman, David J. (eds.),
2199:
2112:
601:
In some 20th-century sources, it was considered a common species in
2474:"Formy ochrony przyrody - Dolnośląski Zespół Parków Krajobrazowych"
305:
Compared to other freshwater red algae, it exhibits relatively low
3135:
2284:"The Encrusting Algal Communities of Certain Fast-Flowing Streams"
1873:
Sheath, Robert G.; Kaczmarczyk, Donald; Cole, Kathleen M. (1993).
1229:
1099:
1080:
888:
763:, although its ecological niche may overlap with that occupied by
511:
468:
235:
220:
832:(Luther 1954). It was also described as the non-rank association
467:, which then grow into nodules and warts covered with a layer of
887:
has been under species protection since 2004 (as one of the few
575:
3122:
3045:
1283:"Hildenbrandia rivularis (Liebmann) J.Agardh :: AlgaeBase"
2782:"De novo genere Algarum cui nomen est Hildbrandtia prototypus"
2616:"Taxonomic Revisions of Freshwater Rhodophyta in Recent Years"
2413:. Kraków: Instytut Botaniki im. W. Szafera PAN. pp. 7–19.
1367:
Szoszkiewicz, Krzysztof; Jusik, Szymon; Zgoła, Tomasz (2010).
1655:
Freshwater algae of North America: ecology and classification
1106:
clade, so it could be eliminated. In such a case, the family
1098:
is distinguished. However, molecular data indicate that its
2656:
Ruggiero, Michael A. (2015-04-29). Thuesen, Erik V. (ed.).
2188:
Mitteilungen zur Floristischen Kartierung in Sachsen-Anhalt
1501:
Memoirs of the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo
444:. Karol Starmach hypothesized that the reproductive organs
270:
of this species was described by the Polish hydrobiologist
1721:"Wspomnienie o Karolu Starmachu (22 IX 1900 — 2 III 1988)"
2570:"Hildenbrandia rivularis var. drescheri Lingelsheim 1922"
562:). Its presence has been recorded in almost the whole of
1401:"Hildenbrandia rivularis (Rhodophyta) in central Poland"
1067:. The latter species was recognized for many years as a
871:
can occupy habitats typical for marine species, such as
728:
indicator, it has relatively low significance, but as a
262:
spelled in various orthographic variants, especially as
3028:
Wiltshire Archaeological & Natural History Magazine
2658:"A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms"
2137:
Jakubas, Emilia; Gąbka, Maciej; Joniak, Tomasz (2014).
2021:
Zarys ekologii glonów wód słodkich i środowisk lądowych
1657:. Amsterdam; Boston: Academic Press. pp. 757–773.
1399:Żelazna-Wieczorek, Joanna; Ziułkiewicz, Maciej (2011).
688:
with low calcium content, although it is also found in
2503:"Pomnik Przyrody Krasnorost - Przyroda Dolnego Śląska"
390:), although it may co-occur with them in the brackish
2905:"Om et nyt genus Erythroclathrus af algernes familie"
2594:"Studien über Hildenbrandia rivularis (Liebm.) J. Ag"
2331:
Podbielkowski, Zbigniew; Tomaszewicz, Henryk (1996).
1200:(without the required taxonomic diagnosis). In 1849,
767:. It happens that specimens of this species overgrow
2804:"Biographical Etymology of Marine Organism Names. H"
2523:
Sherwood, A. R.; Shea, T. B.; Sheath, R. G. (2002).
838:
Hildenbrandio rivularis-Heribaudielletum fluviatilis
424:
Freshwater species are exceptional within the genus
3054:
2023:. Warsaw: Wydaw. Naukowe PWN. pp. 86–87, 212.
1177:, noting that it refers to algae also described as
914:. It is also included in the red book of plants of
2062:(1). Uniwersytet Gdański, Instytut Oceanografii.
1925:Phaeophyta – brunatnice, Rhodophyta – krasnorosty
2988:(in Latin). Lipsk: F. A. Brockhaus. p. 695.
2362:. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. p. 423.
2019:Kawecka, Barbara; Eloranta, Pertti Vesa (1994).
1789:Sherwood, Alison R.; Sheath, Robert G. (2000).
1653:Wehr, John D.; Sheath, Robert G., eds. (2003).
1561:Sherwood, Alison R.; Sheath, Robert G. (2003).
976:, the transition to freshwater occurred in the
848:phytoassociation is distinguished, composed of
1173:(type locality). He then assigned it the name
703:, it was recorded at depths of 8–45 m, and in
2424:Пашкоў, Г.П., ed. (1996). "Ахоўныя расліны".
1827:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of March 2024 (
8:
2047:Eloranta, Pertti; Kwandrans, Janina (2004).
944:on a hundred-meter stretch of stream in the
751:Interspecies interactions and phytosociology
382:, its variants are usually other species of
2335:. Warsaw: Wydaw. Naukowe PWN. p. 480.
1027:(Lingelsheim 1922) was distinguished, with
3042:
2955:"Alia Direzione della Biblioteca Italiana"
680:. This preference is also associated with
31:
20:
2756:
2699:
2681:
2359:Biological Oceanography of the Baltic Sea
2107:(1). Botanical Society of America: 9–15.
2056:Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
2000:
1476:
1416:
1346:
378:. In saline waters, including the entire
484:at the expense of the space occupied by
1690:"Checklist of Baltic Sea Macro-species"
1249:
240:Specimens from the Porma river in Spain
3019:Jacques, David; Phillips, Tom (2014).
2825:
2823:
2174:
2172:
2132:
2130:
2042:
2040:
2014:
2012:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1918:
1916:
1868:
1866:
1820:
1196:and by Louis Alphonse de Brébisson as
2179:Täuscher, L.; Krumbiegel, A. (2020).
1784:
1782:
1780:
1684:
1682:
1606:
1604:
1324:
1322:
636:, where the current has less effect.
605:, especially in the north and in the
7:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1516:
1514:
1465:Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
1454:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1405:Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
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1388:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1335:Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
1320:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1277:
1275:
1273:
2930:"Glossary> Rivularis (rivulare)"
2903:Liebmann, Frederik Michael (1838).
1852:Kosmos. Problemy Nauk Biologicznych
2858:"Remarks on algal nomenclature VI"
2729:Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology
2300:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1929.tb06754.x
1807:10.1111/j.1440-1835.2000.tb00220.x
1694:Baltic Sea Environment Proceedings
684:. Despite this, it tends to cover
14:
2411:Lista roślin zagrożonych w Polsce
1611:Caisová, L.; Kopecký, J. (2008).
836:(Fritsch 1929), redefined as the
696:species but prefers warm waters.
2832:"Der Gattungsname Hildenbrandia"
1734:(1). Instytut Botaniki PAN: 3–6.
1663:10.1016/B978-012741550-5/50023-4
1587:10.1046/j.1529-8817.2003.01050.x
1134:The generic name in the form of
715:Freshwater red algae, including
648:. Therefore, it often occurs on
52:
2450:"Punaisen kirjan verkkopalvelu"
2077:from the original on 2012-03-14
157:(Liebm.) J.Agardh 1851:379, 495
16:Species of freshwater red algae
1075:. Another freshwater species,
985:. The parent species could be
922:in 2019, it was classified as
846:Rheithrophilo-Hildenbrandietum
814:The plant community formed by
1:
2002:10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.109918
1879:European Journal of Phycology
1844:"Nowsze dane o krasnorostach"
3008:. pp. 337–351, 351–506.
2999:Agardh, Jakob Georg (1851).
2683:10.1371/journal.pone.0119248
2620:Red Algae in the Genomic Age
2549:10.2216/i0031-8884-41-1-87.1
1751:British Phycological Journal
1266:. pp. 337–351, 351–506.
1257:Agardh, Jakob Georg (1851).
895:group). It is listed on the
856:, and cyanobacteria such as
771:individuals. Mosses such as
428:because they do not produce
421:most important discoveries.
2628:10.1007/978-90-481-3795-4_6
2603:(in German): 205–218. 1957.
2480:(in Polish). Archived from
1232:with a durable pink color,
897:red list of algae in Poland
535:Chantransia hildenbrandtiae
436:. This applies not only to
3284:
2101:American Journal of Botany
2095:Nichols, H. Wayne (1965).
1745:Pueschel, Curt M. (1982).
1202:Friedrich Traugott Kützing
1050:Hildenbrandia chalikophila
948:has been established as a
820:Hildenbrandietum rivularis
787:, as well as lichens like
432:and reproduce exclusively
2912:Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift
2368:10.1007/978-94-007-0668-2
2143:Polish Journal of Ecology
1899:10.1080/09670269300650191
1763:10.1080/00071618200650331
1719:Gumiński, Stefan (1989).
1198:Hildenbrandia fluviatilis
1194:Hildenbrandia paroliniana
1175:Erythroclathrus rivularis
1086:In addition to the genus
1077:Hildenbrandia ramanaginae
844:. In another system, the
765:Heribaudiella fluviatilis
613:, less frequently in the
376:Heribaudiella fluviatilis
211:Hildenbrandia paroliniana
195:Hildenbrandia fluviatilis
173:Erythroclathrus rivularis
169:
162:
147:
140:
49:Scientific classification
47:
39:
30:
23:
1923:Starmach, Karol (1977).
1218:Hildenbrandtia rivularis
1061:Hildenbrandia angolensis
879:Threats and preservation
834:Hildenbrandia-Lithoderma
785:Rhynchostegium confertum
656:. It can also settle on
596:Hildenbrandia angolensis
442:Hildenbrandia angolensis
357:Hildenbrandia angolensis
3086:Hildenbrandia rivularis
3056:Hildenbrandia rivularis
2979:Kützing, F. T. (1849).
2856:Silva, Paul C. (1980).
2668:(4): article e0119248.
2505:(in Polish). 2018-10-07
2426:Беларуская энцыклапедыя
2282:Fritsch, F. E. (1929).
2213:Schaumburg, J. (2012).
1809:(inactive 2024-03-28).
1042:Hildenbrandia rivularis
1021:Hildenbrandia rivularis
1013:Hildenbrandia rivularis
1003:Hildenbrandia rivularis
968:Systematics and origins
942:Hildenbrandia rivularis
928:near-threatened species
885:Hildenbrandia rivularis
869:Hildenbrandia rivularis
854:Verrucaria rheitrophila
850:Hildenbrandia rivularis
816:Hildenbrandia rivularis
793:Verrucaria rheitrophila
789:Verrucaria elaeomelaena
781:Hygroamblystegium tenax
777:Fontinalis antipyretica
757:Hildenbrandia rivularis
717:Hildenbrandia rivularis
666:Hildenbrandia rivularis
465:Hildenbrandia rivularis
438:Hildenbrandia rivularis
408:Hildenbrandia rivularis
402:The explanation of the
324:Hildenbrandia rivularis
257:. It forms red, crusty
246:Hildenbrandia rivularis
151:Hildenbrandia rivularis
41:Hildenbrandia rivularis
25:Hildenbrandia rivularis
2953:Zanardini, G. (1840).
2791:(in Italian): 675–676.
1007:Weichselian glaciation
961:
858:Chamaesiphon polonicus
818:is referred to as the
738:River Macrophyte Index
594:may actually refer to
558:and its surroundings (
541:Ecology and occurrence
343:) show relatively low
241:
233:
2808:www.bemon.loven.gu.se
2780:Nardo, G. D. (1834).
2723:Adl, Sina M. (2019).
2568:Guiry, M. D. (2017).
2454:punainenkirja.laji.fi
1981:Ecological Indicators
1947:Przegląd Przyrodniczy
1842:Starmach, K. (1988).
1795:Phycological Research
1728:Wiadomości Botaniczne
1492:Kitayama, T. (2014).
1478:10.5586/asbp.1969.044
1459:Starmach, K. (1969).
1418:10.5586/asbp.2008.006
1348:10.5586/asbp.1952.030
1329:Starmach, K. (1952).
1224:Cultural significance
1187:binomial nomenclature
1102:is nested within the
918:. In the red list of
805:crisp-leaved pondweed
773:Leptodictyum riparium
628:, a component of the
410:is considered one of
335:(at least those from
239:
224:
181:(Liebm.) Aresch. 1843
2155:10.3161/104.062.0412
1938:Smoczyk, M. (2011).
1567:Journal of Phycology
1539:10.5507/fot.2015.029
1210:Hildenbrandtia rosea
1116:Hildenbrandiophyceae
1065:Hildenbrandia cuprea
946:Ślęża Landscape Park
891:species outside the
607:Carpathian Mountains
365:Hildenbrandia cuprea
185:Hildenbrandtia rosea
2962:Biblioteca Italiana
2830:Widder, F. (1958).
2674:2015PLoSO..1019248R
2541:2002Phyco..41...87S
2333:Zarys hydrobotaniki
2288:The New Phytologist
1993:2023EcInd.14709918J
1891:1993EJPhy..28..115S
1632:2008Phyco..47..404C
1579:2003JPcgy..39..409S
1206:Hildebrandtia rosea
1017:genetic variability
991:transitional waters
987:Hildenbrandia rubra
873:Hildenbrandia rubra
862:Chamaesiphon fuscus
707:, even up to 90 m.
570:, the basin of the
388:Hildenbrandia rubra
345:genetic variability
225:Specimens from the
201:Hildenbrandia rosea
1073:Pleurocapsa cuprea
912:vulnerable species
242:
234:
3250:
3249:
3222:Open Tree of Life
3048:Taxon identifiers
2934:www.algaebase.org
2741:10.1111/jeu.12691
2637:978-90-481-3794-7
2377:978-94-007-0667-5
2342:978-83-01-00566-5
2260:978-83-950881-2-4
2030:978-83-01-11320-9
1672:978-0-12-741550-5
1640:10.2216/PH07-70.1
1378:978-83-61227-32-8
1287:www.algaebase.org
1120:Hildenbrandiaceae
1108:Hildenbrandiaceae
1092:Hildenbrandiaceae
989:, which inhabits
906:with a status of
797:yellow water-lily
719:, are considered
668:is considered an
219:
218:
179:Cruoria rivularis
133:H. rivularis
109:Hildenbrandiaceae
3275:
3268:Freshwater algae
3243:
3242:
3230:
3229:
3217:
3216:
3204:
3203:
3201:NHMSYS0000603347
3191:
3190:
3178:
3177:
3165:
3164:
3152:
3151:
3139:
3138:
3126:
3125:
3113:
3112:
3103:
3102:
3090:
3089:
3088:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3043:
3036:
3035:
3025:
3016:
3010:
3009:
3007:
2996:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2976:
2970:
2969:
2959:
2950:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2926:
2920:
2919:
2909:
2900:
2894:
2893:
2853:
2847:
2846:
2836:
2827:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2786:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2760:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2703:
2685:
2653:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2611:
2605:
2604:
2598:
2590:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2580:
2565:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2510:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2406:
2400:
2397:
2391:
2388:
2382:
2381:
2353:
2347:
2346:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2316:. Archived from
2310:
2304:
2303:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2228:
2221:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2185:
2176:
2167:
2166:
2134:
2125:
2124:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2082:
2076:
2053:
2044:
2035:
2034:
2016:
2007:
2006:
2004:
1972:
1955:
1954:
1944:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1920:
1911:
1910:
1870:
1861:
1860:
1848:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1826:
1818:
1786:
1775:
1774:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1725:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1686:
1677:
1676:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1617:
1608:
1599:
1598:
1558:
1543:
1542:
1518:
1509:
1508:
1498:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1456:
1431:
1430:
1420:
1396:
1383:
1382:
1364:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1326:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1279:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1254:
1183:Verrucaria rubra
1124:Florideophycidae
999:
950:natural monument
935:riparian forests
905:
831:
823:phytoassociation
746:
566:, including the
505:
456:species are its
420:
412:Karol Starmach's
280:
153:
99:Hildenbrandiales
57:
56:
35:
21:
3283:
3282:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3272:
3263:Florideophyceae
3253:
3252:
3251:
3246:
3238:
3233:
3225:
3220:
3212:
3207:
3199:
3194:
3186:
3181:
3173:
3168:
3160:
3155:
3147:
3142:
3134:
3129:
3121:
3116:
3108:
3106:
3098:
3093:
3084:
3083:
3078:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3050:
3040:
3039:
3023:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3005:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2985:
2982:Species algarum
2978:
2977:
2973:
2957:
2952:
2951:
2947:
2938:
2936:
2928:
2927:
2923:
2907:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2874:10.2307/1219605
2855:
2854:
2850:
2834:
2829:
2828:
2821:
2812:
2810:
2802:Hansson, H. G.
2801:
2800:
2796:
2784:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2613:
2612:
2608:
2596:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2578:
2576:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2553:
2551:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2508:
2506:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2487:
2485:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2458:
2456:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2436:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2408:
2407:
2403:
2398:
2394:
2389:
2385:
2378:
2355:
2354:
2350:
2343:
2330:
2329:
2325:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2261:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2232:
2230:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2211:
2207:
2200:10.21248/mfk.35
2183:
2178:
2177:
2170:
2136:
2135:
2128:
2113:10.2307/2439969
2094:
2093:
2089:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2051:
2046:
2045:
2038:
2031:
2018:
2017:
2010:
1974:
1973:
1958:
1942:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1922:
1921:
1914:
1872:
1871:
1864:
1846:
1841:
1840:
1836:
1819:
1788:
1787:
1778:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1723:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1688:
1687:
1680:
1673:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1615:
1610:
1609:
1602:
1560:
1559:
1546:
1520:
1519:
1512:
1496:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1458:
1457:
1434:
1398:
1397:
1386:
1379:
1366:
1365:
1356:
1328:
1327:
1300:
1291:
1289:
1281:
1280:
1271:
1263:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1226:
1132:
1071:under the name
993:
970:
940:The habitat of
899:
881:
867:Exceptionally,
825:
753:
740:
730:saprobic system
713:
670:saprobic system
623:
560:Archipelago Sea
548:
543:
499:
414:
400:
353:
351:Similar species
315:
292:
287:
274:
158:
155:
149:
136:
89:Florideophyceae
51:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3281:
3279:
3271:
3270:
3265:
3255:
3254:
3248:
3247:
3245:
3244:
3231:
3218:
3205:
3192:
3179:
3166:
3153:
3140:
3127:
3114:
3104:
3091:
3076:
3060:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3046:
3038:
3037:
3011:
2991:
2971:
2964:(in Italian).
2945:
2921:
2895:
2868:(1): 121–145.
2848:
2819:
2794:
2772:
2715:
2648:
2636:
2606:
2585:
2560:
2515:
2494:
2465:
2441:
2434:
2416:
2401:
2392:
2383:
2376:
2348:
2341:
2323:
2320:on 2021-09-12.
2305:
2294:(3): 165–196.
2274:
2259:
2239:
2205:
2168:
2149:(4): 679–693.
2126:
2087:
2036:
2029:
2008:
1956:
1930:
1912:
1885:(2): 115–121.
1862:
1834:
1801:(4): 241–249.
1776:
1757:(3): 333–341.
1737:
1711:
1678:
1671:
1645:
1626:(4): 404–415.
1600:
1573:(2): 409–422.
1544:
1533:(1): 133–143.
1510:
1484:
1471:(3): 523–533.
1432:
1384:
1377:
1354:
1341:(3): 447–474.
1298:
1269:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:) as magical.
1225:
1222:
1179:Palmella rubra
1152:Hildenbrandtia
1131:
1128:
1090:in the family
1069:cyanobacterium
1052:(Palik 1957).
969:
966:
880:
877:
752:
749:
712:
709:
701:Lake Constance
634:boundary layer
622:
619:
547:
544:
542:
539:
526:may not form.
450:tetrasporangia
399:
396:
352:
349:
341:Canary Islands
314:
311:
291:
288:
286:
283:
272:Karol Starmach
264:Hildenbrandtia
253:of freshwater
217:
216:
215:
214:
213:Zanardini 1841
208:
198:
192:
182:
176:
167:
166:
160:
159:
156:
145:
144:
138:
137:
130:
128:
124:
123:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
69:Archaeplastida
66:
59:
58:
45:
44:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3280:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3241:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3171:
3167:
3163:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3105:
3101:
3096:
3092:
3087:
3081:
3077:
3072:
3066:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3044:
3033:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3012:
3004:
3003:
2995:
2992:
2984:
2983:
2975:
2972:
2967:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2946:
2935:
2931:
2925:
2922:
2918:(1): 169–175.
2917:
2913:
2906:
2899:
2896:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2852:
2849:
2844:
2840:
2833:
2826:
2824:
2820:
2809:
2805:
2798:
2795:
2790:
2789:Isis von Oken
2783:
2776:
2773:
2768:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2719:
2716:
2711:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2652:
2649:
2639:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2610:
2607:
2602:
2595:
2589:
2586:
2575:
2571:
2564:
2561:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2519:
2516:
2504:
2498:
2495:
2484:on 2019-01-29
2483:
2479:
2475:
2469:
2466:
2455:
2451:
2445:
2442:
2437:
2435:985-11-0061-7
2431:
2427:
2420:
2417:
2412:
2405:
2402:
2396:
2393:
2387:
2384:
2379:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2360:
2352:
2349:
2344:
2338:
2334:
2327:
2324:
2319:
2315:
2309:
2306:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2278:
2275:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2256:
2252:
2251:
2243:
2240:
2229:on 2021-09-13
2225:
2218:
2217:
2209:
2206:
2201:
2197:
2193:
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1234:Hildenbrandia
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1188:
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1160:Hildenbrandia
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1156:Hildenbrantia
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1149:
1148:Hildenbrandia
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1144:Hildebrandtia
1141:
1137:
1129:
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1088:Hildenbrandia
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1057:Hildenbrandia
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1051:
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1029:Ligota Wielka
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721:bioindicators
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711:Bioindicators
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697:
695:
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687:
683:
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671:
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663:
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646:Hildenbrandia
643:
639:
638:Hildenbrandia
635:
631:
627:
620:
618:
616:
612:
608:
604:
599:
597:
593:
592:North America
590:. Records in
589:
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581:
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572:Caribbean Sea
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454:Hildenbrandia
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426:Hildenbrandia
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397:
395:
393:
389:
385:
384:Hildenbrandia
381:
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372:
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366:
362:
361:H. angolensis
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142:Binomial name
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120:Hildenbrandia
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3031:
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3014:
3001:
2994:
2981:
2974:
2965:
2961:
2948:
2937:. Retrieved
2933:
2924:
2915:
2914:(in Dutch).
2911:
2898:
2865:
2861:
2851:
2842:
2838:
2811:. Retrieved
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2797:
2788:
2775:
2735:(1): 4–119.
2732:
2728:
2718:
2665:
2661:
2651:
2641:, retrieved
2619:
2609:
2600:
2588:
2577:. Retrieved
2573:
2563:
2552:. Retrieved
2535:(1): 87–95.
2532:
2528:
2518:
2507:. Retrieved
2497:
2486:. Retrieved
2482:the original
2477:
2468:
2457:. Retrieved
2453:
2444:
2425:
2419:
2410:
2404:
2395:
2386:
2358:
2351:
2332:
2326:
2318:the original
2308:
2291:
2287:
2277:
2249:
2242:
2231:. Retrieved
2224:the original
2215:
2208:
2191:
2187:
2146:
2142:
2104:
2100:
2090:
2079:. Retrieved
2059:
2055:
2020:
1984:
1980:
1950:
1946:
1933:
1924:
1882:
1878:
1859:(1): 91–113.
1856:
1850:
1837:
1823:cite journal
1798:
1794:
1754:
1750:
1740:
1731:
1727:
1714:
1700:: 61. 2012.
1697:
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1654:
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1623:
1619:
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1504:
1500:
1487:
1468:
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1411:(1): 41–47.
1408:
1404:
1368:
1338:
1334:
1290:. Retrieved
1286:
1259:
1252:
1233:
1228:By covering
1227:
1217:
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1197:
1193:
1189:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1164:
1159:
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1147:
1143:
1139:
1136:Hildbrandtia
1135:
1133:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1107:
1103:
1095:
1094:, the genus
1091:
1087:
1085:
1079:, occurs in
1076:
1072:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1054:
1049:
1046:chalikophila
1045:
1041:
1024:
1020:
1012:
1011:
1002:
986:
971:
953:
941:
939:
932:
923:
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884:
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819:
815:
813:
809:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
756:
754:
734:phytobenthos
716:
714:
698:
686:acidic rocks
665:
645:
637:
630:phytobenthos
624:
600:
595:
556:Bothnian Bay
549:
546:Distribution
534:
528:
523:
520:
516:Chironomidae
509:
495:
486:chloroplasts
464:
462:
453:
441:
440:but also to
437:
425:
423:
407:
401:
398:Reproduction
392:Bothnian Bay
387:
386:(especially
383:
375:
373:
369:H. rivularis
368:
364:
360:
356:
354:
333:H. rivularis
332:
327:
323:
320:chloroplasts
316:
307:phenological
304:
293:
263:
245:
244:
243:
210:
204:
200:
194:
188:
184:
178:
172:
150:
148:
132:
131:
119:
62:
40:
24:
18:
3170:iNaturalist
3080:Wikispecies
1987:: 109–918.
1230:flintstones
1214:fluviatilis
1158:. The term
1040:mountains,
994: [
900: [
883:In Poland,
826: [
761:competition
741: [
694:eurythermic
678:alkaliphile
650:knickpoints
588:New Zealand
580:Congo Basin
524:Chantransia
518:'s larvae.
500: [
497:Chantransia
430:tetraspores
415: [
275: [
205:fluviatilis
189:fluviatilis
175:Liebm. 1838
3257:Categories
2968:: 131–137.
2939:2024-03-28
2845:: 315–320.
2813:2024-03-28
2643:2024-03-28
2579:2021-09-12
2554:2021-09-11
2529:Phycologia
2509:2024-03-28
2488:2018-09-13
2459:2024-03-28
2269:1225221050
2233:2024-03-28
2081:2024-03-28
1620:Phycologia
1292:2024-03-28
1244:References
1238:Stonehenge
1015:shows low
974:hypotheses
962:Krasnorost
842:Lemaneetea
705:Lake Garda
682:hard water
662:pollutants
654:watermills
626:Lithophyte
621:Autecology
582:, eastern
574:, eastern
552:Baltic Sea
473:antheridia
446:homologous
404:life cycle
380:Baltic Sea
268:life cycle
79:Rhodophyta
75:Division:
3095:AlgaeBase
3071:Q11709794
2882:0040-0262
2749:1066-5234
2692:1932-6203
2574:AlgaeBase
2194:: 19–30.
2163:1505-2249
2068:1730-413X
1907:0967-0262
1815:1322-0829
1771:0007-1617
1706:0357-2994
1595:0022-3646
1427:2083-9480
1190:rivularis
1167:holotypic
1112:monotypic
1110:would be
1096:Apophlaea
1025:drescheri
954:Red Algae
801:arrowhead
759:to avoid
690:limestone
658:seashells
642:rheophile
611:Pomerania
584:Australia
452:of other
434:asexually
328:drescheri
285:Structure
255:red algae
229:river in
127:Species:
3188:11405105
3107:BioLib:
3065:Wikidata
2767:30257078
2710:25923521
2662:PLOS ONE
2072:Archived
1507:: 89–96.
1208:, i.e.,
1033:Otmuchów
983:Holocene
978:Tertiary
893:charales
674:minerals
568:Caucasus
491:rhizoids
339:and the
300:rhizoids
164:Synonyms
105:Family:
3162:2665386
3034:: 7–27.
2890:1219605
2758:6492006
2701:4418965
2670:Bibcode
2537:Bibcode
2478:dzpk.pl
2121:2439969
1989:Bibcode
1887:Bibcode
1628:Bibcode
1575:Bibcode
1171:Zealand
1044:subsp.
952:called
920:Finland
916:Belarus
726:trophic
664:, thus
615:Beskids
531:stolons
512:leeches
477:oogonia
448:to the
313:Anatomy
251:species
115:Genus:
95:Order:
85:Class:
3240:146400
3227:513283
3214:135206
3175:462163
3123:967309
3110:404628
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2880:
2839:Phyton
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1527:Fottea
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1375:
1185:. The
1154:, and
1038:Mecsek
958:Polish
803:, and
603:Poland
586:, and
578:, the
564:Europe
554:– the
482:starch
458:gemmae
337:Europe
266:. The
259:thalli
231:Warmia
227:Kirsna
3235:WoRMS
3183:IRMNG
3149:66400
3144:EUNIS
3136:HLDRI
3024:(PDF)
3006:(PDF)
2986:(PDF)
2958:(PDF)
2908:(PDF)
2886:JSTOR
2862:Taxon
2835:(PDF)
2785:(PDF)
2597:(PDF)
2227:(PDF)
2220:(PDF)
2184:(PDF)
2117:JSTOR
2075:(PDF)
2052:(PDF)
1943:(PDF)
1847:(PDF)
1724:(PDF)
1616:(PDF)
1497:(PDF)
1264:(PDF)
1212:var.
1100:clade
1081:India
1031:near
1023:var.
998:]
904:]
889:algae
830:]
783:, or
745:]
504:]
469:mucus
419:]
326:var.
296:cells
290:Habit
279:]
249:is a
207:Kütz.
203:var.
197:Bréb.
191:Bréb.
187:var.
63:Clade
3209:NCBI
3157:GBIF
3131:EPPO
3100:1192
2878:ISSN
2763:PMID
2745:ISSN
2706:PMID
2688:ISSN
2632:ISBN
2430:ISBN
2372:ISBN
2337:ISBN
2265:OCLC
2255:ISBN
2159:ISSN
2064:ISSN
2025:ISBN
1953:(4).
1951:XXII
1903:ISSN
1829:link
1811:ISSN
1767:ISSN
1702:ISSN
1667:ISBN
1591:ISSN
1423:ISSN
1373:ISBN
1130:Name
1063:and
860:and
576:Asia
3196:NBN
3118:EoL
3032:107
2870:doi
2753:PMC
2737:doi
2696:PMC
2678:doi
2624:doi
2545:doi
2364:doi
2296:doi
2196:doi
2151:doi
2109:doi
1997:doi
1985:147
1895:doi
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