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Only one skeleton was fully excavated and removed; the others remained undisturbed throughout the duration of the fieldwork. The burials contained various types of pottery and some stones with an unknown glaze on the surface. Several metatarsals were removed for radiocarbon dating, but were returned
293:
into the significance of Early
Medieval Sculpture to local communities which concentrated on the historical fragmentation and movement of the Hilton of Cadboll monument as well its modern role in the production of meaning, value and place, The excavation and subsequent analysis of the 'biography' of
284:
Following some controversy, it was accepted that ownership of the lower portion of the original cross-slab lay with the
National Museum of Scotland but that it should be displayed in Hilton of Cadboll village hall rather than joining the upper portion in Edinburgh. In parallel with the excavation,
73:
Until the base of the stone was discovered during archaeological investigations in 2001, the original orientation of the stone had been lost. When a copy was erected in 2000 close to the original site, the face with the hunting scene was placed facing West. The discovery of the lower portion of the
280:
Analysis of these fragments led to the reconstruction of parts of the lost cross-face. Together with the now-lifted lower portion of the slab this enabled Isabel
Henderson to use art-historical analysis to infer the iconography of the cross-face. This informed Barry Grove's carving of the front of
261:
Subsequently, in 2001, Historic
Scotland commissioned Kirkdale Archaeology (Dave Murray, Stuart Jeffrey, Meggen Gondek, and Angus Mackintosh) to undertake a further excavation. Assisted by Barry Grove, a further 740 carved sandstone fragments, and 122 possibly carved fragments, were recovered. In
243:. They were transported there and accepted subject to approval by the Trustees. A rearguard action by the Scottish antiquarian establishment succeeded in deferring the Trustees' acceptance and their releasing Macleod of Cadboll from his gift so that he could redonate the stones to the
250:
In the 1990s a campaign to return the stone to its original location having failed, a full-scale copy of the stone was commissioned from local sculptor Barry Grove. During 1998-9 he carved the back and the stone was erected in 2000 close to its original location with the front blank.
139:, as its logo. After the base of the stone was discovered in 2001, the central portion of the panel was reconstructed from flakes excavated from the field of debris around the base. This showed that at its centre was a cross similar to that on the east face of the
74:
original stone showed that the face with the hunting scene faced East and that the West face bore a cross with a stepped base. In accordance with convention, the face with the cross will be referred to as the front and the face with the hunting scene as the back.
273:(GUARD) during an excavation funded by Historic Scotland. The presence and distribution of these fragments suggests that the original intention had been to dig out the entire stone and that, possibly many years after this had failed, defacing of the cross began
205:
The top three-quarters of the stone had its cross-face erased and a memorial dated 1676 inscribed to
Alexander Duff and his three wives. The slab appears never to have been used and was left in Hilton when Duff was later buried in
170:
The stone which is in the museum today is the top three-quarters of the original stone: the dark part at the bottom of the image is a copper housing which shows what the bottom quarter would have looked like.
69:
cross-slabs. Until its felling in a storm in 1674, it faced East - West in a natural amphitheatre about 100m from the shore, which runs NE - SW. Like other similar stones, it can be dated to about AD 800.
258:. During this work approximately 40 fragments of carved micaceous sandstone were recovered; the likely origin for these was surmised to be from the lost cross face of the Hilton of Cadboll stone.
231:
The land on which the stone lay was part of the
Cadboll estate which was owned by the Macleods of Cadboll. They removed it in the late 1860s to be a feature in the garden of their seat at
143:
but with equal arms and that the scrollwork design emanates from four points (NE, SE, SW, NW) on a circle surrounding the cross. The panel has now been identified as representing the
1278:
254:
Meanwhile during 1998 excavation in the vicinity of the Hilton of
Cadboll chapel site was undertaken by Kirkdale Archaeology (Paul Sharman and Jon Triscott) on behalf of
104:. For many years this was regarded as a secular scene with the prominent person a female aristocrat. Modern scholarship identifies the scene as a derivative of the Roman
1273:
616:
277:. In a storm the stone fell towards the chapel, breaking as it fell and leaving the cross-face uppermost. Defacing later continued with the stone now on the ground.
239:
reported it to be weathering rapidly in its exposed position. In 1921 Macleod of
Cadboll sold Invergordon Castle and offered the stone together with Tarbat 1 to the
131:
The bottom panel was broken in half when the stone fell in 1674 and only the top half is in the
National Museum of Scotland. It is a scrollwork design featuring
317:
Ten soil samples were taken from the site which appeared to contain charcoal or other evidence about the environment. These samples were subjected to
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in order to establish the age and content of the soil. Five distinct levels were discovered in the soil which date from 9th century to present day.
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569:"Investigation of the Setting and Context of the Hilton of Cadboll Cross-Slab, Recovery of the Stump and Fragments of Sculpture: Project 1078"
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it broke a standard-stone that stood as an obelisk near an old church it was high about 12 foot, broad 5 and towards two foot thick
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Later in 2001 the lower portion of the cross-slab, along with several thousand more carved fragments, was recovered by
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but with bipartite spirals) while on the reverse face the vine-scroll bottom border is very similar in style to the
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at Hilton of
Cadboll and was found during the archeological investigation in 2001. It is now on display at the
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The middle panel shows a hunting scene featuring a prominent person on horseback face-on wearing a large
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Early Medieval Sculpture and the Production of Meaning, Value and Place:The Case of Hilton of Cadboll
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addition, the missing lower portion of the cross-slab was discovered (by Angus Mackintosh), but left
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The back of the cross-slab on location in Easter Ross. This is the reconstruction by Barry Grove.
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346:. 2008: Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. pp. 36–51, especially illustrations 3.14-3.15.
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A Fragmented Masterpiece: Recovering the Biography of the Hilton of Cadboll Pictish Cross-slab
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A Fragmented Masterpiece: recovering the biography of the Hilton of Cadboll Pictish cross-slab
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A Fragmented Masterpiece: recovering the biography of the Hilton of Cadboll Pictish cross-slab
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101:
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116:, in which the deer is likened to the soul thirsting for salvation. Psalm 42 was sung on the
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border (representing the Eucharist) to the left, right and bottom and the Pictish symbols of
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235:. An early postcard of it there shows it to have been in good condition then. In 1903
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with figures concerned with Death, Judgement, Heaven and Hell. On the back there is a
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186:. Its cross-face shows a stepped base with bosses (similar to those on the stones at
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Geographical Collections Relating to Scotland made by Walter MacFarlane. Volume III
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210:. Antiquarian interest in the stone began in the late eighteenth century when Rev
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in 2008. The digital elements of the excavation archive were deposited with the
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James, Heather F., Henderson, Isabel, Foster, Sally M. and Jones, Sian (2008),
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112:. The deer being harried by two hounds at the bottom of the panel references
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reported that the wind on 21 December 1674 had been extraordinary and that
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389:. Edinburgh: Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. pp. xix, 168–174.
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521:. Edinburgh: Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. pp. 61 Part III.
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James, Heather; Henderson, Isabel; Foster, Sally; Jones, Siân (2008).
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James, Heather; Henderson, Isabel; Foster, Sally; Jones, Siân (2008).
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the monument was the foundation of a major monograph published by the
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Historic Scotland also funded research carried out by Professor
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which has been adopted by the neighbouring whisky distillery,
467:. London: British Museum Press. pp. 178–179, 198–201.
198:. This was found near the site of the Pictish monastery at
650:
Hilton of Cadboll Stone at the National Museum of Scotland
424:
Clarke, David; Blackwell, Alice; Goldberg, Martin (2012).
224:
Remarkable Ruins and Romantic Prospects of North Britain,
506:. Edinburgh: Scottish History Society. pp. 17–19.
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Sketch by C.C. Petley, showing detail of the knotwork.
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and is also now in the National Museum of Scotland.
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Glasgow University Archaeological Research Division
174:The bottom of the stone, below the break, remained
428:. Edinburgh: NMS Enterprises. pp. 150–164.
217:Antiquities and Scenery of the North of Scotland
605:, Edinburgh: Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
53:, on the East coast of the Tarbat Peninsula in
463:Goldberg, Martin (2015). Farley, Julia (ed.).
321:(OSL) dating coupled with the analysis of the
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502:Mitchell, Arthur; Clark, James, eds. (1908).
97:above two circular discs containing knotwork.
8:
615:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
93:In the top panel are the Pictish symbols of
89:at the top. Within are three square panels:
65:. It is one of the most magnificent of all
517:Allen, J.Romilly; Anderson, Joseph (1903).
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245:National Museum of Antiquities of Scotland
196:fragment of a cross-slab known as Tarbat 1
1279:Pictish stones in Highland (council area)
519:The Early Christian Monuments of Scotland
155:was built 6m to the East of the stone.
1274:Collection of National Museums Scotland
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314:to the site once testing was complete.
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637:, Hilton of Cadboll: The Hilton Trust
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635:The Stones of the Pictish Peninsulas
25:The Hilton of Cadboll stone in the
296:Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
16:Class II Pictish stone in Scotland
14:
319:optically stimulated luminescence
281:the modern copy during 2003-5.
779:Portmahomack sculpture fragments
77:On the front of the stone was a
789:Rosemarkie sculpture fragments
628:, Edinburgh: Historic Scotland
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108:and the prominent person as
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1066:Aberlemno Sculptured Stones
891:Inveravon Church stones (4)
883:Easterton of Roseisle stone
63:National Museum of Scotland
27:National Museum of Scotland
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1126:Strathmartine Castle Stone
151:In the thirteenth century
988:Broomend of Crichie stone
870:Burghead (fragment) stone
686:Pictish sculptured stones
147:springing from the cross.
1037:Newbigging, Leslie Stone
1020:Logie Elphinstone Stones
300:Archaeology Data Service
291:University of Manchester
180:John Ross Visitor Centre
153:Hilton of Cadboll Chapel
814:Badenoch and Strathspey
764:Hilton of Cadboll Stone
633:Scott, Douglas (2004),
426:Early Medieval Scotland
370:) CS1 maint: location (
145:four rivers of paradise
43:Hilton of Cadboll Stone
1159:Meigle standing stones
465:Celts art and identity
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221:and illustrated it in
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879:Drainie Carved Stones
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124:were preparing to be
87:double disc and Z-rod
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1034:Nether Corskie Stone
902:symbol wall carvings
624:Jones, Sian (2004),
160:Sir George MacKenzie
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1101:Hunter's Hill Stone
1049:Tillytarmont Stones
861:Birnie Symbol Stone
749:Edderton Cross Slab
141:Edderton cross-slab
1250:57.7672°N 3.8960°W
1096:Glamis Manse Stone
804:Strathpeffer Stone
311:
233:Invergordon Castle
214:wrote about it in
95:crescent and V-rod
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1219:Breck of Hillwell
1141:Perth and Kinross
1116:St Orland's Stone
946:Knocknagael Stone
435:978-1-910682-02-9
396:978 0 903903 42 4
353:978 0 903903 42 4
256:Historic Scotland
102:penannular brooch
51:Hilton of Cadboll
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887:Elgin Pillar
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579:. Retrieved
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1076:Camus Cross
1003:Dyce stones
929:Dores Stone
821:Advie Stone
704:Birkle Hill
122:catechumens
83:vine-scroll
55:Easter Ross
1268:Categories
1238:57°46′02″N
769:Nigg Stone
594:References
581:2 November
287:Sian Jones
1241:3°53′46″W
916:Inverness
707:Crosskirk
701:Ackergill
694:Caithness
527:cite book
483:cite book
444:cite book
405:cite book
362:cite book
188:Shandwick
184:Balintore
133:triskeles
1212:Shetland
961:Aberdeen
713:Sandside
710:Latheron
611:citation
126:Baptised
114:Psalm 42
106:Adventus
59:Scotland
722:Watenan
719:Ulbster
716:Skinnet
289:of the
275:in situ
264:in situ
176:in situ
67:Pictish
1200:Greens
1190:Orkney
558:(2008)
554:James
471:
432:
393:
350:
110:Christ
1058:Angus
853:Moray
572:(PDF)
556:et al
329:Notes
228:.
208:Fearn
120:when
1169:Fife
963:and
731:Ross
617:link
583:2021
533:link
489:link
469:ISBN
450:link
430:ISBN
411:link
391:ISBN
372:link
368:link
348:ISBN
192:Nigg
190:and
41:The
302:.
182:in
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613:}}
609:{{
574:.
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57:,
678:e
671:t
664:v
619:)
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128:.
29:.
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