336:
of a performer alternately singing pitched syllables and blowing into a single-pitch
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335:of the sound
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in that it is cyclical. It is based on repetition of periods of equal length that each singer divides using different rhythmic figures specific to different repertoires and songs. This creates a detailed surface and endless variations not only of the same period repeated but of various performances
521:
and the release of their collaboration with the Baka musicians, "Spirit of the Forest" alongside the album "Heart of the Forest", and a musical relationship that has lasted over twenty years. Proceeds from both these albums have returned to the Baka musicians through the charity
238:
505:
without permission; further controversy was stirred by the lack of consideration given to the original performer - a
Northern Malaitian woman named Afunakwa - by either party during the resultant legal
303:
effect that arises by sudden change in air pressure of the trapped air. The sound cannot exist entirely in water, since it requires the air-water boundary as a surface to be struck, so the sound is not
264:
music, these patterns are based on a super-pattern which is never heard. The
Pygmies themselves do not learn or think of their music in this theoretical framework, but learn the music growing up.
990:
372:, in 1965. This introduced Mbuti culture to Western countries. Turnbull claimed that the Mbuti viewed the forest as a parental spirit with which they could communicate via song.
62:
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146:
Music is an important part of Pygmy life, and casual performances take place during many of the day's events. Music comes in many forms, including the spiritual
999:
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691:
Abram, Dave. "Sounds From the
African Rainforest". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.),
299:
is produced by persons standing in water, and hitting the surface of the water with their hands, such as to trap air in the hands and produce a
237:
complexity of MbengaâMbuti music was reached in Europe only in the 14th century. The polyphonic singing of the Aka
Pygmies was relisted on the
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890:'Gati Bongo'.(2006). Music by Orchestre Baka Gbiné, an entirely Baka band from S E Cameroon. March Hare Music. MAHA CD23.
501:'s Pygmies. The album was nevertheless subject to controversy, as the project used samples recorded by ethnomusicologist
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887:"Voice of the Rainforest' (2013).Traditional Baka music recorded by Martin Cradick. March Hare Music: MAHA CD32.
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Aimard, Pierre-Laurent; Ligeti, György; Reich, Steve; Arom, Simha; and
Schomann, Stefan (2003). Liner notes,
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97:
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840:. Teldec Classics: 8573 86584-2. Liner notes by Aimard, Ligeti, Reich, and Simha Arom and Stefan Schomann.
425:
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programmed recordings of Pygmy songs (performed by the Aka
Pygmies) with works of contemporary composers
387:, an Italian ethnomusicologist who studied in depth the musical rituals and instruments of Baka Pygmies.
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Pygmies, performed by Aka
Pygmies; Ligeti and Reich, performed by Aimard. Teldec Classics: 8573 86584-2.
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Baka in the Forest: traditional songs of the Baka women recorded live in the
Cameroon rainforest.
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which continues to work with the Baka helping them in their rapidly changing environment.
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Some of
Turnbull's recordings of Efé music were commercially released and inspired more
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893:'Kopolo'.(2012) The second album by Orchestre Baka Gbiné. March Hare Music: MAHA CD30.
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351:. Hindewhu announces the return from a hunt and is performed solo, duo or in groups.
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Western Music and Its Others: Difference, Representation, and
Appropriation in Music
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MbengaâMbuti Pygmy music consists of up to four parts and can be described as an "
874:(1993). Recordings by Martin Cradick and Jeremy Avis. Hannibal Records: HNCD1378.
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an interview by Deni Kasrel, June 13–20, 1996 regarding BaBenzl Pygmies
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Heart of the Forest: Music of the Baka Forest People of South-East Cameroon
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http://www.hangblog.org/hang-sound-models/#firstgenerationsoundmodels2002
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In 1992 the popularization of Pygmy music spread with the release of
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Polyphonic music is only characteristic of the Mbenga and Mbuti. The
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singing and music played from a variety of instruments including the
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493:. A percentage of the proceeds from each album were donated to the
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Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
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Yodel-Ay-Ee-Oooo: The Secret History of Yodeling Around the World
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Pygmy music and culture, with audio recordings and soundscapes
26:
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Yodel in Hi-Fi: From Kitsch Folk to Contemporary Electronica
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Echoes of the Forest: Music of the Central African Pygmies
757:. (University of Wisconsin Press / Autonomedia 2013-2017)
390:
Some popular musicians have used hindewhu in their music:
221:(Efé) in the east are particularly known for their dense
909:
Frantovy strĂĄnky - O nĂĄstrojĂch - Liquindi / Water drums
693:
World Music, Vol. 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East
340:-stem whistle, in an interlocked rhythm similar to the
316:
Hindewhu is a style of singing/whistle-playing of the
944:- many music samples, photos and videos of Baka music
513:
spent three months living with and recording Baka in
651:"Baka Beyond ( Portugal & Spain) â virtualWOMEX"
720:Born, Georgina & Hesmondhalgh, David (2000).
181:Researchers who have studied Pygmy music include
695:, pp. 601â607. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books.
54:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
1000:UNESCO Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity
810:(1977). EMI/Odeon 3C 064-18265. Part of the
383:, a French-Israeli who recorded hindewhu, and
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8:
868:. Ellipsis Arts: Musical Expeditions CD 4020
476:(1994) samples the Herbie Hancock recording.
707:The No-Nonsense Guide to Indigenous Peoples
991:
977:
969:
818:, #18); reissued as Auvidis D 8029 (1990).
796:. BĂ€renreiter BM 30 L 2303. Part of the
85:Learn how and when to remove this message
920:Philadelphia CityPaper.net: 20 questions
96:
555:
257:of the same piece of music. As in some
217:) and Baka peoples in the west and the
950:- with links to access Baka recordings
517:. result was the creation of the band
366:, wrote a book about the Efé Pygmies,
960:discussing and demonstrating Hindewhu
418:Fourth World, Vol. 1: Possible Musics
7:
673:â Pierre-Laurent Aimard, Aka Pygmies
279:have very different musical styles.
110:sub-Saharan African music traditions
954:Francis Bebey at Real World Studios
828:Pygmies, performed by Aka Pygmies,
782:. Philips 6586 016. Part of the
25:
790:I-2); reissued as Auvidis D 8054.
116:(or "Pygmies"), predominantly in
1430:
509:Also in 1992 Martin Cradick and
445:imitates hindewhu in the track "
31:
844:Music of the Rainforest Pygmies
804:); reissued as Rounder CD 5107.
846:. Historic recordings made by
726:University of California Press
1:
424:"Fabulous" (1983), a tune by
606:"Baka Beyond, Cargo, London"
1077:Bumba-meu-boi from MaranhĂŁo
1017:Albanian folk iso-polyphony
686:Sources and further reading
1478:
808:Cameroon: Baka Pygmy Music
802:Anthology of African Music
1428:
1007:
904:Water Drumming (Liquindi)
631:"World Music Central.org"
291:, typically practiced by
209:Location of pygmy peoples
131:Pygmy groups include the
1172:Georgian vocal polyphony
884:. March Hare: MAHA CD29.
850:. Lyrichord: LYRCD 7157.
407:"Ba-Benzélé", a song by
325:Central African Republic
122:Central African Republic
114:Central African foragers
40:This article includes a
1452:Music of Central Africa
466:"Sanctuary", a song by
233:says that the level of
69:more precise citations.
929:Deep Forest music site
880:(2009). Recordings by
355:Western popularization
210:
102:
1392:The Song of the Sibyl
838:Pierre-Laurent Aimard
531:Pierre-Laurent Aimard
524:Global Music Exchange
394:"Hunting", a song by
295:women and girls. The
208:
100:
1042:Ashiqs of Azerbaijan
931:- with music samples
742:. (Routledge, 2004)
728:. pp. 156â159.
453:from the 1973 album
101:Pygmy drummers, 1930
940:2008-12-11 at the
935:Baka Forest People
862:Jean-Pierre Hallet
794:Ba-Benzélé Pygmies
377:ethnomusicological
211:
195:Jean-Pierre Hallet
103:
42:list of references
1462:Pentatonic scales
1439:
1438:
1087:Dainichido Bugaku
858:Colin M. Turnbull
848:Colin M. Turnbull
824:(2003). Music by
812:UNESCO Collection
798:UNESCO Collection
784:UNESCO Collection
753:Plantenga, bart.
738:Plantenga, Bart.
398:from their album
379:study such as by
369:The Forest People
360:Colin M. Turnbull
344:structure of the
95:
94:
87:
16:(Redirected from
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1367:SlovĂĄcko VerbuĆk
1237:Khorasan Bakhshi
1102:Cante Alentejano
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948:Baka Beyond site
856:. Recordings by
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470:from the album
178:(a string bow).
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65:this article by
56:inline citations
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1457:African Pygmies
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1302:Ojkanje singing
1202:Jongmyo Jereyak
1122:Cremona violins
1107:Cantonese opera
1082:Byzantine music
1047:Azerbaijani tar
1003:
997:
942:Wayback Machine
914:African Pygmies
900:
836:, performed by
822:African Rhythms
788:Musical Sources
778:. Recorded by
776:Aka Pygmy Music
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763:978-029929054-2
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612:. 19 March 2005
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543:African Rhythms
473:Bedtime Stories
432:from the album
415:from the album
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273:Great Lakes Twa
252:" similar to a
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201:Polyphonic song
108:refers to the
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447:Watermelon Man
441:Percussionist
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364:anthropologist
362:, an American
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342:gutera-kwakira
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289:water drumming
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1422:Xoan singing
1412:Wayang kulit
1362:Silbo Gomero
1177:Gong culture
1032:Arabic maqam
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614:. Retrieved
610:The Guardian
609:
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590:28 September
588:. Retrieved
585:AllMusic.com
575:
563:
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481:Eric Mouquet
471:
456:Head Hunters
454:
443:Bill Summers
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333:onomatopoeia
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287:Liquindi is
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277:Southern Twa
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223:contrapuntal
213:The Mbenga (
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61:Please help
53:
1417:Xi'an guyue
1407:Vedic chant
1272:Morin khuur
1232:Koodiyattam
1207:Iraqi Maqam
956:a video of
923:Louis Sarno
866:Louis Sarno
834:Steve Reich
770:Discography
566:. Music by
539:Steve Reich
519:Baka Beyond
490:Deep Forest
426:John Oswald
409:Jon Hassell
396:Deep Forest
327:. The term
254:passacaglia
215:Aka/Benzele
187:Louis Sarno
170:harp zither
106:Pygmy music
67:introducing
1446:Categories
1382:SutartinÄs
1377:Sosso Bala
1357:Shashmaqam
1352:Seto Leelo
1242:Kumi odori
1052:Baul music
780:Simha Arom
715:1859844383
656:2013-10-13
636:2013-10-13
616:2013-10-13
550:References
495:Pygmy Fund
430:Dick Hyman
385:Luis Devin
381:Simha Arom
301:percussive
269:Gyele/Kola
250:variations
235:polyphonic
231:Simha Arom
183:Simha Arom
139:, and the
1402:Vallenato
1257:Long song
1217:Kgal Laox
503:Hugo Zemp
413:Brian Eno
346:Burundian
318:BaBenzélé
241:in 2008.
225:communal
150:stories,
118:the Congo
1337:Rebetiko
1292:NhĂŁ nháșĄc
1097:Candombe
1067:Biyelgee
1022:Angklung
938:Archived
677:AllMusic
529:Pianist
515:Cameroon
329:hindewhu
312:Hindewhu
283:Liquindi
259:Balinese
246:ostinato
175:limbindi
156:bow harp
126:Cameroon
18:Hindewhu
1387:TĂĄnchĂĄz
1317:Quan há»
1312:Pirekua
1307:Pansori
1267:Meshrep
1222:Khuumii
1062:Bigwala
1057:BeÄarac
1037:Arirang
1002:: Music
882:Su Hart
717:, p 109
541:on his
511:Su Hart
506:battle.
468:Madonna
438:(1989).
421:(1980).
349:akazehe
323:of the
321:pygmies
262:gamelan
152:vocable
148:likanos
112:of the
63:improve
1332:Reggae
1297:Nongak
1287:Nanyin
1277:Mugham
1262:Maloya
1192:Hua'er
1157:Gagaku
1152:Fujara
1137:Eshuva
1117:Ca trĂč
761:
746:
732:
713:
699:
545:(2003)
461:hocket
338:papaya
331:is an
172:) and
165:ngombi
135:, the
133:Bayaka
120:, the
1327:Radif
1282:Muqam
1252:Lhamo
1247:Kunqu
1227:Klapa
1187:Gwoka
1182:Guqin
1162:Gagok
1147:Frevo
1132:Duduk
1127:Doina
499:Zaire
459:(see
449:" by
297:sound
293:Pygmy
248:with
219:Mbuti
141:Batwa
137:Mbuti
48:, or
1342:Sama
1142:Fado
1027:Aqyn
864:and
832:and
759:ISBN
744:ISBN
730:ISBN
711:ISBN
697:ISBN
592:2013
537:and
483:and
428:and
411:and
275:and
193:and
160:ieta
124:and
826:Aka
675:at
568:Aka
487:'s
162:),
128:.
1448::
860:,
724:.
608:.
583:.
463:).
308:.
271:,
229:.
197:.
189:,
185:,
143:.
52:,
44:,
992:e
985:t
978:v
814:(
786:(
765:.
750:.
659:.
639:.
619:.
594:.
404:.
168:(
158:(
88:)
82:(
77:)
73:(
59:.
20:)
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