349:
censors the pagan aspects of
Lombard history, but while its narrative is more providential, it is not circumspect about the Lombards' paganism. The author argues that the Lombards came to Italy precisely to be saved, and reminds his readers that "where there is no law, sin is not to be imputed".
419:(Avars). The two-hundred-year pact the pagan Lombards are said to have made with the Avars while in Pannonia then paved the way for their entry into Italy, and Pippin's victory over the Avars connects the Frankish conquest to the destiny of the now-Christian Lombards
699:, Biblioteca di Cultura Romanobarbarica 2 (Rome: 1998), 14. A "subarchetype" or "hyperarchetype" is a hypothesised or reconstructed version of a text lying between the original archetype and the final version.
95:. Others, such as Stefano Cingolani, Bruno Luiselli and Magali Coumert, believe he was a Lombard, since in one passage he seems to identify with them when he refers to the Lombards during their time in
111:
in that region, it is possible that the author was with Pippin on the expedition and saw the remains of the house for himself. It is equally possible that he was merely reporting what he had heard.
46:, Forschungsbibliothek, Memb. I 84, ff. 336vb–338va), from which its conventional Latin titles are derived; The chronicle is not titled in the manuscript. The text is ideologically pro-
396:, i.e. "Bohemians") and his reconquest of Corsica in 806. In fact, Benevento was never fully subdued and Corsica was raided by the Moors again in 809 and conquered by them in 810. The
582:"That same year, against the Moors on the island of Corsica—which they had devastated—Pippin sent a fleet from Italy, the arrival of which the Moors did not expect and retreated" (
333:
in its narrative of the
Lombards' migration from northern Europe to Italy. It says that the Lombards were descended from serpents and describes their movements as being guided by
361:
to be his capital, whereas Paul the Deacon has a story explaining how Pavia proved itself to be under divine protection. For all the kings of the
Lombards after Alboin, the
299:: "In the time of King Rothari, a light arose in the darkness; through him, the aforementioned Lombards strove for canonical rules and became helpers of priests." The
891:
749:
Istius rothari regis temporibus ortum est lumen in tenebris; per quem supradicti langobardi ad cannonicam tenderunt certamina et sacerdotum facti sunt adiutores
99:
as "our ancient forefathers". Another autobiographical detail is sometimes coaxed from the text when the author says that the remains of the residence of king
415:
stresses continuity between the pagan
Lombards and the Carolingians by portraying both the first Lombard king, Angelmund, and Pippin as both fighting the
584:
Eodem anno in
Corsicam insulam contra Mauros, qui eam vastabant, classis de Italia a Pippino missa est, cuius adventum Mauri non espectantes abscesserunt
626:
sic deinde certantes Saxoni patria attigerunt, locus ubi
Patespruna cognominantur; ubi sicut nostri antiqui patres longo tempore asserunt habitasse
126:
and Luigi Berto agrees that it is probably a north
Italian work. Berto also concludes that the author was "probably a member of Pippin's court".
91:
is known for certain. His pro-Carolingian stance has led some historians, such as
Claudio Azzara and Stefano Gasparri, to believe that he was a
896:
886:
84:
also praises Pippin as if he is still living, it must have been written between the last event it records (806) and his death in 810.
597:
Praesentem diem per eius adiutorium splenduit Italia, sicut fecit antiquissimis diebus. Leges et ubertates et quietudinem habuit. . .
679:
466:
108:
74:: "Then the island of Corsica, oppressed by the Moors, his army liberated from their rule." This campaign is also recorded in the
341:(Italy). It credits God with raising them from the dung through conversion and baptism to be among the "number of the good" (
433:
274:
blames the Romans' weakness in the face of the
Lombard invasion of Italy on a pestilence that occurred during the time of
158:
400:
portrays the first decades of
Carolingian rule in Italy as a golden age of peace and prosperity, in contrast to the
148:
830:
Berto, Luigi Andrea. "Remembering Old and New Rulers: Lombards and Carolingians in Carolingian Italian Memory".
595:"This present day by his help Italy shines, as in ancient days. Law, harvests, peace and quiet she has. . ." (
76:
751:, quoted in Everett (2003), 170 n. 30, for whom the phrase "helpers of priests" is "curiously Carolingian".
881:
188:
852:
The Narrators of Barbarian History (A.D. 550–800): Jordanes, Gregory of Tours, Bede, and Paul the Deacon
115:
440:
282:
166:
some 150 years before the earliest surviving tenth-century copy, although the original text of the
476:
405:
385:
51:
456:
637:"Thus, even to this present day the remains of King Wacho's palace and residence are visible" (
675:
462:
334:
38:
541:
139:
71:
488:
295:
183:
33:
620:"So after struggling they arrived in the Saxon country, at the place called Patespruna (
847:
224:
29:
178:, Annalisa Bracciotti hypothesises that a "subarchetype" of the text tradition of the
875:
338:
279:
70:
covers the period from the origins of the Lombards to the campaign of Pippin against
263:
on the edges of Gaul and describing them as "prone to long beards and never shorn" (
223:
could have borrowed just as easily from Paul the Deacon, a theory also suggested by
639:
Unde usque hodie presentem diem Wachoni regi eorum domus et habitatio apparet signa
428:
408:
later that century, which portrays the time as a period of misfortunes and famine.
313:
103:
were still visible in his day. Since Wacho was king during the Lombards' stay in
571:
Igitur Corsicam insulam a Mauris oppressam suo iussu eiusque exercitus liberavit
444:
381:
119:
114:
The place of writing is also unknown: Coumert believes the author worked in the
47:
817:
Berto (2010), 49 n. 137, summarises Coumert's argument, but disagrees with it.
162:. If this were the case, it would provide evidence for the circulation of the
621:
171:
384:
and Pippin, the reigning king. The author praises Pippin's conquest of the
204:
and "some other unknown texts" were the sources used by the author of the
672:
Le leggi dei Longobardi: storia, memoria e diritto di un popolo germanico
370:
156:'s initial editor, Friedrich Bluhme, who placed them side by side in the
104:
36:
between the years 806 and 810. It is preserved in the 10th/11th century
304:
290:
858:
365:
gives only the length of reign, except for Rothari. Unlike Paul, the
308:
275:
96:
92:
55:
358:
240:
123:
100:
43:
697:
Origo gentis langobardorum: introduzione, testo critico, commento
232:
624:); where our ancient fathers assert they lived a long time" (
270:
Among the stories that may have been borrowed from Paul, the
674:(in Italian). Milano: Editrice La Storia. pp. 282–291.
200:
made use of a common (now lost) source. Berto says that the
451:, Scriptores rerum Langobardorum (Hanover, 1878), pp. 7–11.
255:
from Isidore explaining the original name of the Lombards (
211:
Nicholas Everett believes that rather than drawing on the
521:
means "history of the Lombards from the codex of Gotha".
557:
555:
710:
Le storie dei Longobardi: dall'origine a Paolo Diacono
546:
Capitularia - Edition der fränkischen Herrschererlasse
461:(in Latin and Italian). Padova: Cleup. pp. 1–19.
437:, Leges langobardorum IV (Hanover, 1868), pp. 641–647.
307:, the assassin of the first Lombard king in Italy,
607:
605:
429:"Origo gentis langobardorum et Chronicon gothanum"
670:Azzara, Claudio; Gasparri, Stefano, eds. (1992).
289:also follows Paul in praising the heretical King
182:circulating in eighth-century Italy was used by
170:may have been composed as early as the reign of
862:Publication of the Modern Language Association
854:. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1988.
844:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
357:says that Alboin saw that God had predestined
174:(671–88). In another critical edition of the
8:
859:"Origin and Development of the Walther Saga"
80:, which place it in the year 806. Since the
779:Non inputatur peccatum, cum lex non esset
542:"Gotha, Forschungsbibliothek, Memb. I 84"
441:"Historia Langobardorum codicis Gothani"
695:Everett (2003), 94, citing Bracciotti,
533:
507:
519:Historia Langobardorum codicis Gothani
484:
474:
458:Historia Langobardorum codicis Gothani
327:Historia Langobardorum codicis Gothani
285:is an early king of the Lombards. The
221:Historia Langobardorum codicis Gothani
180:Historia Langobardorum codicis Gothani
144:Historia Langobardorum codicis Gothani
89:Historia Langobardorum codicis Gothani
19:Historia Langobardorum codicis Gothani
892:Carolingian historical texts in Latin
842:Literacy in Lombard Italy, c. 568–774
369:does not mention that Rothari was an
32:written at and for the court of King
7:
708:Berto (2010), 28, citing Cingolani,
641:), quoted in Berto (2010), 29 n. 34.
628:), quoted in Berto (2010), 29 n. 33.
599:), quoted in Berto (2010), 28 n. 31.
586:), quoted in Berto (2010), 28 n. 30.
573:, quoted in Berto (2010), 28 n. 30.
122:hypothesised that it took place in
517:means "chronicle from Gotha", and
345:). It has been suggested that the
14:
455:Berto, Luigi Andrea, ed. (2002).
265:ad barba prolixa et numquam tonsa
138:Azzara and Gasparri, in a recent
293:because of his legislation, the
142:of Lombard laws, posit that the
87:Nothing about the author of the
411:Magali Coumert argues that the
388:, his victory over the Avars (
380:are full of lavish praise for
303:diverges from Paul in calling
231:does not contain the story of
152:, a position supported by the
1:
781:, quoted in Berto (2010), 32.
449:Monumenta Germaniae Historica
434:Monumenta Germaniae Historica
159:Monumenta Germaniae Historica
832:The Medieval History Journal
192:. Cingolani argues that the
50:, and among its sources are
769:Berto (2010), 31 and n. 44.
760:Goffart (1988), 393 n. 201.
730:Goffart (1988), 390 n. 191.
721:Goffart (1988), 382 n. 163.
668:Everett (2003), 93, citing
913:
897:9th-century books in Latin
376:The final sections of the
329:is less detailed than the
259:) as derived from a river
251:does, and it borrows text
149:Origo gentis langobardorum
887:9th-century history books
857:Learned, Marion Dexter.
431:, ed. Friedrich Bluhme.
146:is based in part on the
650:Berto (2010), 29 n. 34.
77:Annales regni Francorum
561:Everett (2003), 93–94.
189:Historia langobardorum
62:Date, place and author
28:, is a history of the
116:Abbey of Montecassino
799:Berto (2010), 34–35.
739:Learned (1892), 173.
317:, a type of eunuch.
278:, and the legendary
215:or some earlier "Ur-
109:a war with the Avars
107:, and Pippin fought
867:, 1 (1892): 131–95.
840:Everett, Nicholas.
134:and Paul the Deacon
837:, 1 (2010): 23–53.
515:Chronicon Gothanum
406:Andreas of Bergamo
386:duchy of Benevento
130:Dependence on the
52:Isidore of Seville
25:Chronicon Gothanum
22:, also called the
808:Berto (2010), 38.
790:Berto (2010), 33.
712:(Rome: 1995), 94.
659:Berto (2010), 48.
611:Berto (2010), 28.
39:Codex Gothanus 84
904:
818:
815:
809:
806:
800:
797:
791:
788:
782:
776:
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767:
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746:
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472:
140:critical edition
912:
911:
907:
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905:
903:
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872:
871:
870:
848:Goffart, Walter
826:
821:
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803:
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531:
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525:
513:
509:
504:
499:
483:
473:
469:
454:
425:
343:numerum bonorum
323:
296:Edictum Rothari
184:Paul the Deacon
136:
72:Islamic Corsica
64:
34:Pippin of Italy
12:
11:
5:
910:
908:
900:
899:
894:
889:
884:
874:
873:
869:
868:
855:
845:
838:
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801:
792:
783:
771:
762:
753:
741:
732:
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688:
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588:
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523:
506:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
494:
493:
467:
452:
438:
424:
421:
322:
319:
225:Walter Goffart
135:
128:
63:
60:
30:Lombard people
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
909:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
882:Lombard books
880:
879:
877:
866:
863:
860:
856:
853:
849:
846:
843:
839:
836:
833:
829:
828:
823:
814:
811:
805:
802:
796:
793:
787:
784:
780:
775:
772:
766:
763:
757:
754:
750:
745:
742:
736:
733:
727:
724:
718:
715:
711:
705:
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698:
692:
689:
683:
681:88-86156-00-6
677:
673:
665:
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579:
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478:
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468:88-7178-015-9
464:
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387:
383:
379:
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368:
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348:
344:
340:
339:Promised Land
336:
332:
328:
321:Unique themes
320:
318:
316:
315:
310:
306:
302:
298:
297:
292:
288:
284:
281:
280:Germanic hero
277:
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102:
98:
94:
90:
85:
83:
79:
78:
73:
69:
61:
59:
57:
54:and possibly
53:
49:
45:
41:
40:
35:
31:
27:
26:
21:
20:
864:
861:
851:
841:
834:
831:
813:
804:
795:
786:
778:
774:
765:
756:
748:
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709:
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671:
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457:
448:
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377:
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366:
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314:cubicularius
312:
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271:
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88:
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75:
67:
65:
37:
24:
23:
18:
17:
15:
824:Works cited
485:|work=
445:Georg Waitz
404:written by
382:Charlemagne
247:) that the
120:Walter Pohl
48:Carolingian
876:Categories
497:References
417:Beowinides
394:Beowinides
337:towards a
335:Providence
261:Vindilicus
622:Paderborn
529:Citations
487:ignored (
477:cite book
413:Chronicon
398:Chronicon
378:Chronicon
367:Chronicon
363:Chronicon
355:Chronicon
347:Chronicon
311:, a mere
301:Chronicon
287:Chronicon
272:Chronicon
229:Chronicon
206:Chronicon
194:Chronicon
172:Perctarit
154:Chronicon
82:Chronicon
68:Chronicon
423:Editions
402:Historia
253:verbatim
196:and the
186:for his
118:, while
105:Pannonia
305:Peredeo
291:Rothari
219:", the
678:
465:
443:, ed.
309:Alboin
283:Walter
276:Narses
257:Winili
239:) and
227:. The
97:Saxony
56:Jerome
502:Notes
390:Abari
371:Arian
359:Pavia
331:Origo
249:Origo
241:Frigg
237:Godan
217:Origo
213:Origo
202:Origo
198:Origo
176:Origo
168:Origo
164:Origo
132:Origo
124:Milan
101:Wacho
93:Frank
44:Gotha
676:ISBN
489:help
463:ISBN
353:The
325:The
267:).
245:Frea
233:Odin
66:The
16:The
392:or
878::
850:.
835:13
604:^
554:^
544:.
481::
479:}}
475:{{
447:.
373:.
208:.
58:.
865:7
686:.
684:.
548:.
491:)
471:.
243:(
235:(
42:(
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