693:
the Flag of Norway on the tailplane. Prior to the rebranding, no airline in Norway had ever operated a two-class service on domestic flights—including SAS. Professor of
Sociology Per Morten Schiefloe commented that the introduction of segregation of passengers offended passengers. Customers who previously had been paying full price, became more aware of the savings on using 'Back' tickets. At the same time, people who wanted to travel with discounted tickets felt that they got better service and were not treated as second-rate customers with SAS. This caused Braathens to lose customers at both ends. The rebranding itself not only cost money to initiate, but also increased operating expenses, because cabin crew needed to move the curtain depending on the number of passengers on each class. Planes were sometimes delayed for hours, particularly in the beginning of the service, due to the increased work load on the handling and cabin crew.
162:. The plans from the EU indicated that international routes within EU should be deregulated from 1 January 1993, with Norway and Sweden joining from 1 July. Full, domestic liberalization should be performed by 1 April 1997. SAS and Braathens SAFE proposed a solution where only Norwegian airlines could compete until 1997, which was thought to efficiently hinder other airlines, rather than these two, until then. SAS announced its support for competition on 4 February 1993, while Braathens SAFE stated that it no longer was in favor of competition, despite having arguing for this for the whole of the company's history. The company stated that stability was needed and that competition would result in marginalized routes, that were being cross-subsidized, being closed. SAS stated that with competition, prices would fall 20–30%, and that SAS wanted to operate with a loss to force Braathens SAFE close services.
734:
August, the
Competition Authority declared that SAS was not allowed to purchase Braathens; the ruling was appealed by SAS and Braathens. Analysts stated that Braathens could be bankrupt by the time the appeal was processed. The Competition Authority stated that their denial of the take-over was that the reduction of capacity would remove the airline's incentive to provide discounted tickets, because they would not have to use them to capture travelers with lower willingness to pay from the competitor, and that they would not need low-paying customers to fill up the vacant seats. Instead, the authority wanted the politicians to reduce the taxes on flights. While Braathens also was opposed to the tax, they felt that removing it then was too late to save the company.
676:. He introduced the program Improve 800, that was to improve the bottom line with NOK 800 million. In February 1999, Braathens merged the Swedish division with Malmö Aviation, to create Braathens Malmö Aviation. At the same time, the airline removed the 'Best' and 'Back' scheme on domestic Swedish flights. In November, Braathens terminated all services in Sweden that were inherited from Transwede. The Fokker 100 aircraft and Boeing 737-300 aircraft were sold, and the service from Oslo to Stockholm taken over by the company's Norwegian department. Malmö Aviation retained on flights from Stockholm-Bromma to Gothenburg and Malmö, as well as to London City. In addition, a Stockholm to
482:, complimentary in-flight drinks, meals and newspapers, priority boarding and refundable tickets. The 'Back' section was for discount ticket holders, who received a no-frills service with a smaller seat pitch, and were located at the back of the aircraft behind a curtain. Best tickets became NOK 300 more expensive, while it became easier to purchase discounted tickets. The scheme was, according to Erik G. Braathen, an attempt to differentiate between the full-fare customers, with whom Braathens was competing with SAS, and the low-fare customers, who Braathens was competing with Ryanair and the to-be established
214:
726:
Braathens. The deal with SAS was initiated by
Braathens; they stated that this would allow the two companies to cooperate to eliminate the overcapacity in the domestic market. Because both airlines operated a fleet of Boeing 737 aircraft, about NOK 150 million could be saved in maintenance. The agreement also involved that Malmö Aviation would have to be sold before the take-over. If not, the Braathens family would purchase the airline for NOK 1. At the same time, the family-owned companies guaranteed for about NOK 1 billion in the Swedish subsidiary.
329:
The purchase of
Transwede was confirmed on 25 June; Braathens SAFE bought 50% of the company's scheduled division, Transwede Airways, with an option to purchase the rest in 1997. The companies planned to integrate their networks, to allow connection between Braathens SAFE's and Transwede flights at Stockholm. Services to Stockholm started on 6 November; after three months, the airline had captured 14% of the Oslo–Stockholm market. In 1996, Braathens SAFE had a 51% domestic market share in Norway, transporting 9.5 million passengers.
498:
185:, both proposed a merger between Braathens SAFE and SAS, to ensure that the company had a 100% market share on the primary routes before the merger. This would, according to them, secure that no foreign company could compete with the merged company. The proposal was rejected by Braathens SAFE's management. Still, negotiations started between the companies in 1992, although they were quickly abandoned. The press reported the price of Braathens SAFE to be NOK 1.2 billion, but that this had been rejected as too expensive by SAS.
600:
354:
406:
742:. He further stated that a monopoly was the best for society, the passengers and the employees. He also stated that if the appeal failed, he had a "Plan B", involving a much smaller airline that would compete with SAS on the main routes. From October, the airline terminated its service to Milan and reduced capacity on some domestic routes; this removed the need for two aircraft. In addition, the airline increased all ticket prices with 5%, due to higher insurance costs.
197:. Bjørn G. Braathen stated that the company had bought the new aircraft based on the belief that deregulation would occur in 1997, giving the airline time to pay more of the debt. On 2 June 1993, with 76 against 18 votes, parliament voted to deregulate the domestic airline market from 1 April 1994. It was supported by the Labor, Conservative and Progress Party. With this, Norway became the third country in Europe to fully deregulate, after Sweden and the United Kingdom.
761:
779:
all routes were taken over by
Braathens, with exception of a few flights made by SAS to Tromsø and Bodø. SAS also withdrew their flights from Oslo to Kristiansand and Ålesund, and Braathens increased their frequency on the route. Braathens retained the routes it had flown where SAS had not formerly flown. Braathens also kept the international flights to Barcelona, Nice, Málaga and Alicante. This reduced the overcapacity in the market, and allowed the
657:
466:
140:
685:
identical on all the routes where both airlines flew, although they were not allowed to make such cooperation with discounted tickets. During the crisis, Braathens had sold several aircraft and started leasing them back to gain liquidity. The company announced in 2000 that they were considering purchasing a smaller type of aircraft, that would replace the 737s on some routes, and that would allow
Braathens to start operating the
634:
would start flying five round trips from Oslo to
Stavanger on 1 October, following the delivery of their fourth aircraft. At the same time, the airline would reduce the number of round trips to Ålesund from four to two. In January 1999, Braathens applied to register twenty of its Norwegian aircraft in Sweden, following their discovery that foreign-registered aircraft, such as Color Air's and SAS', did not have to pay
630:
particular the large corporations with divisions in several cities, were demanding high frequencies on the routes. Color Air could get by with fewer departures, because they mainly targeted the leisure segment. In particular, the routes from Oslo to Ålesund and
Kristiansand had a very low seat utilization; to Ålesund there were 1.2 million flown seats annually, but only 345,000 passengers, giving a 29% cabin load.
22:
127:. The availability of slots increased the frequency of flights for all three airlines to an unsustainable level. After a year, Color Air was bankrupt, but Braathens had suffered large losses, and terminated many routes, including all services in Sweden. In 2001, the airline was bought by SAS, and the following year the two coordinated their services so as not to compete. On 1 May 2004, they merged to create
714:
301:. In 1995, Braathens SAFE had a revenue of NOK 4 billion, with a profit of NOK 242 million. The same year, Transwede had lost NOK 200 million with a revenue of NOK 1.2 billion. The company had been split in two, a charter and a scheduled company, and Braathens SAFE started negotiating to purchase the scheduled company. Transwede's scheduled services were at the time form
289:
697:
were reduced from five to three round trips, and the Bergen–Molde–Trondheim route was reduced from four to three. The capacity on the routes from Oslo to Molde and
Kristiansund were increased. A second round trip was introduced from Stavanger to Newcastle, flown by Norwegian Air Shuttle. From 15 February, the airline introduced four weekly services from Oslo to
596:
Kristiansand. The number of daily trips from Oslo for SAS increased from 59 to over 80. In total, the three companies increased their daily round trip from 138 to 200, and the daily seat capacity from 18,000 to 26,000. Ålesund had the largest increase, from seven daily round trips with only
Braathens, to seventeen offered by all three companies.
246:
28 June there were also two daily round trips to Bodø. SAS increased its services on the routes from Oslo to Stavanger and Trondheim, and from Bergen to Stavanger. The liberalization did not result in a price war, and prices remained constant. The following two years, Braathens SAFE also introduced scheduled international flights to
369:
airlines for state-employed civil servants' flights. Instead, they introduced an annual tender for the routes. It was awarded to SAS, who also won all subsequent tenders. For Braathens SAFE, this meant that state-employed civil servants only flew on routes where SAS did not fly. The contract was worth NOK 500 million for SAS.
425:, that had been created the previous year. Braathens SAFE had also been in negotiations with British Airways. The agreement involved KLM purchasing a 30% stake in Braathens SAFE from Ludvig G. Braathens Rederi for NOK 800 million. In addition, Braathens SAFE started flying from several Norwegian cities to KLM's main
834:. Because all the operations streamlined and coordinated, there would be no further downstaffing due to the merger. From 1 June 2007, SAS Braathens was rebranded to Scandinavian Airlines, making it identical to the branding in Sweden and Denmark, although it remain a separate limited company named SAS Norge AS.
821:
By 2004, Braathens had managed to cut costs sufficiently to make a profit. At the same time, SAS was having problems making a profit. SAS announced on 10 March 2004 that SAS and Braathens would be merged into a single company, SAS Braathens, in May. At the same time, the airline would create separate
778:
On 2 April 2002, SAS and Braathens split all the routes between them. SAS started flying on the main-haul routes from Oslo to Trondheim, Bergen and Stavanger, with only a few flights to Stavanger flown by Braathens to get planes to the technical base there. From Oslo and Trondheim to Northern Norway,
633:
In September 1999, SAS announced that if Braathens took the first step to reduce capacity between Bergen and Oslo, they would follow immediately to reduce the overcapacity in the combined 37 daily departures. However, Braathens was not willing to reduce. On 15 September, Color Air announced that they
328:
On 18 June, Braathens SAFE announced that starting on 27 October, the company put one aircraft into service on the route from Oslo to Stockholm. SAS had at the time fifteen round trips on the route, and Braathens planned to introduce seven. The route was considered one of the most profitable for SAS.
696:
On 25 November 2000, Braathens terminated the route to Murmansk. On 2 January 2001, they also terminated the routes from Molde to Kristiansand and from Kristiansand to Trondheim, the routes to Røros from Trondheim and Oslo, and the services from Oslo to Newcastle. The routes from Bergen to Haugesund
493:
encouraged its 800,000 members to not fly with Braathens due to the introduction of a segregated classes. SAS did not follow the same policy, and offered its discounted customers to travel in the same class as Braathens', including complimentary service. After introduction, the concept increased the
245:
On 1 April, Braathens SAFE increased the number of services. The daily number of flights from Oslo to Bergen increased to nine, and the airline introduced four new services to Northern Norway from Oslo: two each to Tromsø and Harstad/Narvik. Later, the frequency to Tromsø increased to four, and from
225:
To meet the free market situation, the company's management introduced measures to keep costs low. On 19 August 1993, ten of eleven trade unions agreed to a three-year wage contract, which contained bonuses for all employees based on the company's profit. The cabin crew's union had a two-day strike,
692:
The 'Best' and 'Back' service was highly criticized by analysts and customers. Braathens SAFE had a strong image, and unlike SAS, that was branded as 'The Businessman's Airline', Braathens SAFE was seen as the people's airline. It also drew goodwill from being Norwegian-owned, and that it displayed
680:
service was started. In 1999, Braathens lost SEK 300 million in Sweden, bringing the total loss of Braathens Swedish operations since 1996 to SEK 600 million. At the same time, Braathens terminated its services from Sandefjord to Stavanger and Bergen, and the route from Oslo to Haugesund.
642:
On 27 September 1999, Color Air terminated all flights and ceased operations. On the day of the termination, the stock price of Braathens increased by 16%. Immediately following the bankruptcy, the two airlines increased their prices. Subsequently, Braathens increased their ticket price by 15%, but
336:
aircraft for NOK 1.5 billion. These aircraft would be delivered in 1998, prior to the opening of the new airport at Gardermoen. In addition, the airline had an option for additional ten planes to be delivered after 2000. In 1997, Transwede started replacing its Fokker 100s with Boeing 737s. In
629:
equipment at Ålesund, resulting in the plane being stuck at the airport. By the end of 1998, it became clear that Braathens had increased capacity with 20%, but only achieved a 5.2% ridership increase after the opening of Gardermoen. Similar numbers were applicable for SAS. The business market, in
368:
from 9 to 5%. Braathens followed, reducing from 8 to 5% from 1 January 1998. However, to try to attract more business passengers, the airline retained the 8% commission on their international routes. At the same time, the Government of Norway abandoned its old regime of negotiating prices with the
188:
Prior to a government report being presented on 30 March 1993, SAS had launched 1 November 1993 as their preferred date of free competition, while Braathens SAFE had launched 1 April 1997 as their preferred date. Braaathens SAFE was worried that the high debt the company had due to the purchase of
396:
for the who company. However, due to an agreement about converting debt into share capital, the company was sold for SEK 13 million. With the take-over, the company changed its name to Braathens Sverige AB. At the same time, management announced that they planned to replace all the company's
261:
In 1995, Braathens signed agreements with many of the large companies in Norway as a prioritized airline. Several of the contracts had been secured by the airline offering discounts to the companies in exchange for not allowing their customers to collect frequent flyer points. SAS had not allowed
209:
on routes that were not profitable. To finance these, a NOK 10 fee would be charged on all primary routes. The cost of collecting this fee was so high that SAS and Braathens SAFE announced it was cheaper to continue to fly to the unprofitable airports. Braathens SAFE stated that their routes
684:
During 1999, domestic air ticket prices increased 9.2%, and another 17% the following year. By 2001, the domestic capacity was below the level before Gardermoen opened. Braathens and SAS started cooperating to set the full-price tickets on routes to eleven cities. This meant that the prices were
595:
Color Air started with flights from Gardermoen on 1 August, two months before the airport opened. Gardermoen was taken into use on 8 October by SAS and Braathens. Both immediately increased the number of flights. Braathens established a route to Haugesund, while SAS started routes to Ålesund and
574:
From 1 April, a new NOK 65 tax was introduced on all domestic flights. Braathens and SAS decided to divide the cross-subsidize the taxes between their routes, something Color Air was not able to do. This was because the tax was only valid for routes within Southern Norway; Braathens and SAS
774:
By then, SAS had taken sixteen aircraft out of service, reduced production with 12% and fired 1,000 employees. The airline stated that they wished to renegotiate the agreement with the Braathens family and KLM to reduce the price. Because there had arisen a situation with high over-capacity of
737:
CEO Arne A. Jensen stated to the press that he felt that the cause of the problems were made in 1993, when the airline failed to make the correct choices in relation to the deregulation. He stated that he felt that part of the cause was that KLM and the Braathens family had cancelled a planned
733:
announced that since the new company would have all domestic scheduled services between primary airports, it was unlikely that the take-over would receive permission from them. However, it was stated that one solution could be that the companies discontinue their frequent flyer programs. On 20
725:
On 21 May 2001, SAS and Braathens announced that KLM and Braathens Rederi had agreed to sell their 69% stake in Braathens for NOK 800 million to SAS—valuating Braathens to NOK 1.1 billion. Braathens had contacted British Airways, but they had stated that they did not wish to purchase
745:
On 23 October 2001, the Competition Authority granted permission for SAS to purchase Braathens. The rationale was that there were no other realistic purchasers for the airline, and that a bankruptcy was imminent without the take-over. As a condition, the authority decided to regulate a ban on
638:
on good sold on board. This was rejected by the Norwegian Armed Forces, who based their need of transport of military personnel during wartime on requisition of civilian, Norwegian-registered aircraft. The same month, Geir Olsen, head of Braathens in Sweden, withdrew from his position, due to
477:
with an abstract, silver wing, that became the company's new logo. The re-branding was an attempt to create an international identity, and tone down the Norwegian national symbols that had been on the airplanes since 1946. At the same time, a two-class configuration was introduced: the 'Best'
620:
in the United States. This service was terminated in October. The Northwest service had a connection to Stockholm as well as a new route from Oslo to Gothenburg, operated by Braathens. After Northwest announced the withdrawal of their service, the Gothenburg service was also terminated.
376:
announced increased activity to Scandinavia, based in part on a cooperation with Braathens SAFE concerning their frequently flyer program; holders of Bracard were allowed to collect frequent flyer points on British Airways' flights. On 3 April, Braathens SAFE, Transwede and
453:
would become an agent for Braathens SAFE, and the company hoped that 40% of the sales on the route would be sold in the United Kingdom. The agreement also involved a codesharing agreement with AirUK, including some onwards flights from London, notably the route to
790:
could collect points from the other airlines. But from 1 July, the awarding of frequent flyer miles on domestic flights was no longer permitted. From 1 April 2003, the West Coast routes, which had been on contract with Norwegian Air Shuttle, were taken over by
579:
to increase the prices to Northern Norway, and thereby subsidize their routes in Southern Norway. Color Air on the other hand would be forced to put the full tax on all its departures. While the government had no way to hinder the incumbents from doing this,
540:
jets. In 1997, it had 772,000 passengers, 450 employees, a revenue of SEK 900 million and a profit of SEK 40 million. The airline cost SEK 600 million and the deal gave Braathens and Malmö Aviation a 25% domestic market share in Sweden.
204:
their routes. Through the regulations, the airlines had agreed to fly to unprofitable airports, in exchange for making higher profits on other routes. With free competition, this would not be followed, and the authorities announced the introduction of
643:
stated that this had nothing to do with the elimination of competition, since the price increase was not on any Oslo routes. In November, Braathens started to remove routes, and announced they would increase prices by 20%. They also reintroduced the
494:
work load on handing employees, who needed to check the passengers' tickets to ensure they sat in the right class. There were also complaints from Best-passengers who felt that they were receiving worse service after the scheme was introduced.
647:
on the tail, which since the rebranding had been replaced by a silver, abstract wing. Both Braathens and SAS lost more than NOK 1 billion in 1999, totaling the cost of the price war between the three airlines to exceed NOK 3 billion.
296:
In 1996, Braathens SAFE started negotiations to purchase the Swedish airline Transwede Airways from its owners, Transpool. After SAS had bought Linjeflyg, Transwede had become the second-largest domestic airline in Sweden, operating five
437:. In addition, the partnership involved a coordination of scheduling, prices, frequent flyer programs, corporate customer agreements, maintenance and procurement. The partnership also involved cooperation with the American airline
325:, plus a service from Luleå to Sundsvall. It had a 13% market share, transporting 800,000 people in 1995, and had been through a major restructuring the year before, where the fleet had been reduced from seven to five aircraft.
114:
In 1998, the airline changed its name to Braathens and introduced two-class cabins. Full-fare passengers traveled in the "Best"-class, while discounted travelers traveled in the "Back"-class. It also bought the Swedish airline
775:
aircraft, the value of planes had fallen. In addition, SAS demanded that Braathens reduce its fleet from 33 to 23 aircraft if the deal was to go through, threatening to terminate the purchase if the airline did not abide.
444:
Starting in March, Braathens SAFE took over KLM's routes from Stavanger to Amsterdam, and started a new route from Trondheim to Amsterdam. From 26 March 1998, Braathens SAFE moved its flights to London from Gatwick to
802:. All SAS employees would be prioritized in the rationalization process, and 800 Braathens employees were laid off. Three hundred Braathens' employees were offered jobs with SAS Ground Services, but these lost their
624:
In November 1998, Color Air introduced a new cheapest ticket for NOK 345. After the winter settled, the ice front between Color Air and Braathens grew colder following Braathens' denying Color Air to use their
341:
because it was using retired Braathens SAFE pilots to fly Transwede aircraft, due to Transwede not having certified pilots for their new Boeing 737-300. Braathens SAFE stated that this was within the rules of the
611:
In late 1998 and early 1999, KLM and Braathens introduced direct flights from Sandefjord and Kristiansand to Amsterdam. Braathens also started flights from Sandefjord to Stavanger and Bergen. On 1 May 1999,
592:, encouraged the airlines to not "cheat", and follow the intentions of the law, even if he admitted that there was nothing the government could do to hinder the airlines from cross-subsidizing.
806:. No employees in SAS lost their jobs. The case ended in the courts, where 369 former Braathens employees sued SAS to receive the same seniority as they had in Braathens. On 15 October 2003,
449:. At the same time, it announced that the number of daily services from Oslo to London would increase from one to three, following the opening of Gardermoen. In addition, KLM-partner
421:. The partnership replaced the agreement with British Airways, and became active in 1998. Analysts stated that the partnership came as a reaction to SAS' alliance with Lufthansa, the
822:
national airlines for Sweden and Denmark. SAS Braathens would operate 50 aircraft, all variations of the 737. The company took over the operating licence of Braathens, including the
458:. At the same time, Braathens SAFE announced that the airline would start selling more discounted tickets on the London-flights, to compete with Ryanair's new route from Stanstad to
165:
During the discussion about deregulation, Braathens SAFE considered several possibilities to strengthen itself. In particular, it had discussions with the large European airlines
473:
On 23 March 1998, Braathens SAFE changed its name and corporate identity to Braathens. It introduced a new livery with a blue bottom, and replaced the Norwegian flag on the
150:
The deregulation process, which would eliminate the need for concessions for routes, was driven by Norway's application for membership of the EU. This was supported by the
177:
about an alliance, but these were rejected by Braathens SAFE, stating that the agreements were all about getting traffic to the partner's hub. Minister of Transport,
2641:
810:
decided that only 42 of the employees, those working in Kristiansund and Molde, had right to keep their seniority. The case was appealed, and on 18 March 2005,
746:
frequent flyer programs, and stated that it would ban cross-subsidization aimed at underbidding or operating at a loss to force new entrants out of the market.
617:
385:
on Finnair's flights from Stockholm and Oslo to Helsinki, Bracard members would be granted points on Finnair flights, and Braathens SAFE took over Finnair's
2768:
814:, with four against three votes, decided in favor of SAS, denying the employees their claim. The matter was not settled until 31 January 2006, when the
441:. In 1997, Braathens SAFE and Transwede had a revenue of NOK 5.4 billion and made a profit of NOK 206 million, down 88 million from 1996.
258:. However, Braathens SAFE terminated their routes from Bergen to Bodø, Harstad/Narvik and Tromsø, making the passengers switch planes in Trondheim.
226:
before reaching an agreement. At the same time, the company needed NOK 400 million in share capital. Braathens Rederi sold the sister company
2855:
490:
681:
From 25 June 2000, the company also terminated its Oslo to Stockholm route. Instead, the planes were put into service to Málaga and Alicante.
571:. The company launched tickets down to NOK 500 each way, and sold cheap tickets without demanding that the traveler be away during a weekend.
343:
234:
for NOK 225 million on 30 September 1993, and the money was used to buy Braathens SAFE stock. The company raised further capital in an
338:
2860:
2689:
1780:
Eliassen, Haakon E. H. (13 February 1999). "Braathens endrer omstridt prissystem for flyreisende Klasseskille i Norge, ikke i Sverige".
1909:
2658:
2625:
807:
1295:
730:
2783:
525:
213:
2850:
585:
155:
52:
34:
668:. This was the last livery used by Braathens, modified with the re-introduction of the Norwegian flag on the tailplane.
560:
107:
route. The following year, Transwede, with its five domestic routes, was merged into Braathens SAFE. The same year,
2778:
811:
347:
333:
2800:
2794:
2788:
1628:
Rapp, Ole Magnus (23 January 1999). "Braathens utflagging til Sverige kan bli stoppet Forsvaret trenger flyene".
302:
206:
2732:
928:
Valderhaug, Rune (20 January 1994). "Braathen vil ikke fly direkte Bergen Nord-Norge" (in Norwegian). p. 6.
497:
823:
665:
599:
521:
502:
459:
386:
120:
51:
is free to operate any domestic or international route. Braathens rejected a proposal from the main competitor
123:
replaced Fornebu as the airline's main hub, and a price war started against SAS and the new low-cost airline
2682:
1300:
815:
446:
235:
218:
159:
2582:
Lillesund, Geir (10 March 2004). "Lindegaard: – Vi plukker det beste fra SAS og Braathens" (in Norwegian).
1327:
Sandvik, Bodil K. (16 April 1998). "Braathens skal se nærmere på sitt "Back-Best"-konsept" (in Norwegian).
1947:
Lillesund, Geir (15 November 2000). "Braathens fortsetter omleggingen – kutter kortruter" (in Norwegian).
353:
151:
48:
2737:
2598:
2583:
2203:
2114:
1948:
1869:
1813:
1798:
1746:
1663:
1614:
1514:
1482:
1424:
1392:
1343:
1328:
1263:
1163:
977:
914:
798:
On 24 April 2002, SAS announced that all handling services operated by Braathens would be taken over by
686:
589:
537:
506:
474:
64:
231:
201:
913:
Lillesund, Geir (18 June 1996). "Braathens vil konkurrere med SAS på Stockholm-ruten" (in Norwegian).
2717:
2536:
2507:
2478:
2457:
2389:
2364:
2335:
2289:
2260:
2231:
2198:
2170:
2141:
2109:
2081:
2053:
2025:
1996:
1968:
1893:
1864:
1836:
1679:
1647:
1457:
1438:
Sætre, Lars N. (12 March 1998). "Priskrig til glede for passasjerene: Kapasitetsboom på Gardermoen".
1359:
1247:
1230:
1179:
1122:
1084:
1033:
958:
556:
271:
227:
56:
405:
1562:
Enghaug, Pål (22 December 1998). "Tøff konkurranse i luften i november: 45 av 100 flyseter tomme".
799:
533:
239:
60:
1481:
Lillesund, Geir (30 March 1999). "Bare Braathens kutter ruter i sommerprogrammet" (in Norwegian).
717:
Boeing 737-400 in 2004; the Braathens livery is still in use, but with the subtext "Member of the
2845:
2817:
2712:
2675:
2635:
613:
438:
2742:
292:
Braathens Boeing 737-300 in hybrid Transwede livery—this was the only -300 operated by Braathens
1797:
Lillesund, Geir (27 October 1999). "Braathens reduserer – og SAS følger etter" (in Norwegian).
760:
2752:
2727:
2654:
2621:
827:
739:
604:
517:
469:
In 1997, Braathens changed its name and introduced a new livery, here seen on a Boeing 737-700
283:
116:
677:
564:
529:
430:
190:
417:
On 18 August 1997, Braathens SAFE announced a strategic partnership with the Dutch airline
2564:
2440:
1922:
1730:
1598:
1581:
1547:
1262:
Lillesund, Geir (3 March 1998). "Braathens med to klasser og nytt emblem" (in Norwegian).
1016:
656:
635:
576:
465:
373:
170:
139:
2531:
310:
2822:
1305:
994:
768:
673:
644:
581:
410:
144:
47:'s domestic market was deregulated on 1 April 1994. Since then, any airline within the
26:
2839:
2747:
2406:
1917:
765:
755:
422:
393:
242:
on 10 January 1994. After the listing, Braathens Rederi retained 69% of the company.
182:
128:
38:
21:
1812:
Lillesund, Geir (14 June 2000). "Slutt for Braathens på Stockholm" (in Norwegian).
1530:
1423:
Lillesund, Geir (5 August 1998). "Mange ledige seter Oslo-Ålesund" (in Norwegian).
941:
792:
702:
365:
178:
1694:
Dahl, Flemming (16 October 1999). "Braathens øker billettprisene for å overleve".
372:
On 1 April 1997, the European airline market was fully deregulated. At this time,
99:
were introduced. In 1996, Braathens SAFE bought Sweden's second-largest airline,
2423:
2314:
1782:
1765:
1713:
1696:
1630:
1579:
Valderhaug, Rune (2 September 1999). "SAS vil ha færre avganger Bergen – Oslo".
1564:
1440:
1279:
1213:
1196:
1147:
1101:
1082:
Ulv, Kirsten (22 May 1997). "Pensjonerte Braathens-piloter flyr for Transwede".
1067:
1050:
999:
713:
426:
392:
On 18 December, Braathens SAFE bought the remaining half of Transwede, paying 2
382:
288:
1391:
Lillesund, Geir (3 March 1998). "Braathens sprer seteavgiften" (in Norwegian).
705:
to Oslo. A direct service was introduced from Bergen to Alicante from 7 April.
1048:
Sæthre, Lars N. (4 February 1997). "Braathens kjøper fly for 1,5 milliarder".
661:
479:
357:
298:
2502:
2473:
2698:
1498:
1376:
1277:
Rapp, Ole Magnus (31 March 1998). "LO til kamp mot Braathens klasseskille".
803:
787:
780:
718:
698:
568:
550:
510:
483:
434:
318:
194:
166:
124:
104:
100:
44:
30:
1496:
Moberg, Knut (30 September 1999). "Gardermoen er flyselskapenes mareritt".
1455:
Sætre, Lars N.; Larsen, Trygve (28 July 1998). "Braathens og KLM mot SAS".
80:
2359:
2330:
2284:
2255:
2226:
2193:
2165:
2136:
2104:
2076:
2048:
2020:
1991:
1963:
1859:
1831:
1596:
Valderhaug, Rune (7 September 1999). "Braathens vil ikke kutte flyruter".
1117:
1031:
Schiefloe, Ingrid (22 February 1997). "Braathens SAFE er byråfavoritten".
486:. The scheme as first introduced on the first 737-700 that was delivered.
2722:
1357:
Ottesen, Gregers; Segrov, Bjørn (16 January 1998). "Starter flyselskap".
831:
314:
306:
267:
1342:"Braathens med 25 pst. av det svenske innenriks-marked" (in Norwegian).
1162:"Ny samarbeidsavtale skjerper flykonkurransen i Norden" (in Norwegian).
1728:
Dahl, Flemming (29 October 1999). "Braathens kutter, Widerøe utvider".
1408:
1245:
Ottesen, Gregers (8 January 1998). "Braathens satser tungt på London".
626:
378:
322:
263:
72:
68:
567:. They company aimed for a 15–20% domestic market share and was named
332:
On 3 February 1997, the airline announced it had ordered six 134-seat
455:
364:
In 1997, SAS announced that it was going to reduce its commission to
251:
111:
bought 30% of Braathens SAFE and the airlines started a partnership.
96:
84:
76:
16:
History of Braathens from domestic market deregulation to dissolution
2404:
Vestmo, Bjarne (14 February 2002). "Blir Norges travleste flyrute".
1099:
Sæthre, Lars N. (22 February 1997). "Slaget tapt for reisebyråene".
478:
section, accounting for 70% of the planes capacity, received higher
1677:
Steen, Knut B. (28 September 1999). "Til himmels på flyavvikling".
1711:
Dahl, Flemming (19 October 1999). "Braathens heiser flagg igjen".
1662:"Color-avviklingen: – Som en bombe på de ansatte" (in Norwegian).
1014:
Guhnfeldt, Cato (5 November 1996). "Arbeid & penger notiser".
759:
712:
655:
598:
496:
464:
450:
404:
352:
287:
212:
138:
20:
1513:"Braathens dropper Gøteborg-rute fra 29. august" (in Norwegian).
939:
Johnsen, Alf Bjarne (28 January 1995). "Bråstopp for fly-bonus".
2421:
Enghaug, Pål (29 April 2002). "SV snur – slutt for flybonusen".
255:
247:
92:
88:
2671:
1406:
Johannesen, Bjørn Erik (3 April 1998). "Flyavgift-Synnes 1-1".
210:
Haugesund–Bergen and Oslo–Røros–Trondheim were not profitable.
2562:
Valderhaug, Rune (9 March 2004). "Mens vi venter på nye SAS".
2455:
Tranøy, Torstein (1 February 2002). "Knusende kritikk av LO".
701:, and from 1 March, three weekly round trips to directly from
418:
174:
108:
2667:
2387:
Larsen, Trygve (1 February 2002). "Lander på delt løsning".
2312:
Dahl, Flemming (17 April 2002). "Lavprisselskap kan ta av".
1194:
Sæthre, Lars N. (9 August 1997). "Braathens og KLM tar av".
1145:
Sæthre, Lars N. (19 March 1997). "BA vil slåss i SAS-land".
1528:
Fonbæk, Dag (27 November 1998). "Color Air mister fargen".
2597:"SAS Braathens endrer navn til SAS Norge" (in Norwegian).
1645:
Ottesen, Gregers (21 January 1999). "Braathens-sjef går".
1545:
Nygard-Sture, Trond (29 November 1998). "Tulling-toppen".
87:
to these cities were terminated. International routes to
1177:
Tuv, Kirsten (19 December 1997). "Solgt for to kroner".
1228:
Ottesen, Gregers (14 February 1998). "Hard luftkamp".
1763:
Tuv, Kirsten (10 November 1999). "Dyr svenskelekse".
131:, that re-branded to Scandinavian Airlines in 2007.
2810:
2761:
2705:
786:For a short period, members of both Wings and SAS'
1891:Larsen, Trygve (13 October 2000). "Vil fly selv".
2049:"SAS og Braathens kan spare stort på vedlikehold"
1745:"Flyselskapene tapte milliarder" (in Norwegian).
672:On 23 July 1999, Braathens replaced its CEO with
532:. In addition, it served all three airports from
1825:
1823:
1758:
1756:
360:in combined Braathens and Malmö Aviation livery
337:May 1997, Braathens SAFE was criticized by the
783:to save between NOK 600 and 900 million.
2683:
2653:(in Norwegian). Sandefjord: Tjomsland Media.
1217:(in Norwegian). 13 February 1998. p. 11.
976:"Braathens kjøper Transwede" (in Norwegian).
8:
1380:(in Norwegian). 17 January 1998. p. 13.
997:(27 June 1996). "Braathens-raid i Sverige".
639:disagreements about the corporate strategy.
618:Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport
262:this scheme, and had lost companies such as
989:
987:
971:
969:
908:
906:
563:, announced that he would start a domestic
2690:
2676:
2668:
2640:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2616:Tjomsland, Audun; Wilsberg, Kjell (1995).
2577:
2575:
2444:(in Norwegian). 29 March 2003. p. 40.
1065:"Nordmenn får svensk selskap på vingene".
2557:
2555:
1071:(in Norwegian). 18 June 1997. p. 35.
413:with special 50-year anniversary markings
2474:"Sviende nederlag for Braathens-ansatte"
962:(in Norwegian). 4 June 1996. p. 24.
2438:"SAS skal fly langs Vestlands-kysten".
848:
491:Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions
59:was sold and the company listed on the
2633:
2530:Fadnes, Ole-Morten (31 January 2006).
2254:Meyer, Henrik D. (28 September 2001).
1908:Scheifloe, Per Morten (22 June 2002).
33:livery before the company merged with
2503:"- En trist dag for norsk arbeidsliv"
2164:Hustadnes, Halldor (21 August 2001).
1613:"Color Air flyr mer" (in Norwegian).
1211:"Større overskudd i Braathens SAFE".
900:Tjomsland and Wilsberg, 1995: 340–341
891:Tjomsland and Wilsberg, 1995: 336–339
882:Tjomsland and Wilsberg, 1995: 334–335
873:Tjomsland and Wilsberg, 1995: 327–334
864:Tjomsland and Wilsberg, 1995: 308–317
855:Tjomsland and Wilsberg, 1995: 320–322
344:Swedish Civil Aviation Administration
200:Both Braathens SAFE and SAS had been
7:
2283:Meyer, Henrik D. (23 October 2001).
1374:"Color Air utfordrer til luftslag".
516:On 17 August 1998, Braathens bought
339:Norwegian Airline Pilots Association
238:, and the company was listed on the
2618:Braathens SAFE 50 år: Mot alle odds
2472:Lindeberg, Anne (15 October 2003).
2329:Hoemsnes, Anita (23 October 2001).
1832:"Kraftig økning i norske flypriser"
559:, owner of the cruiseferry company
2532:"Full seier for Braathens-ansatte"
2501:Meyer, Henrik D. (18 March 2005).
2358:Larsen, Trygve (24 October 2001).
2256:"Braathens kutter – ingen slutter"
1860:"Braathens og SAS avtaler prisene"
1118:"Staten gir SAS milliardinntekter"
217:A Braathens employee working on a
14:
2225:Larsen, Trygve (24 August 2001).
2077:"SAS krevde garanti fra Braathen"
818:ruled in favor of the employees.
103:, and started flying on the Oslo–
2331:"Vil reforhandle Braathens-pris"
1830:Skaalmo, Siri (21 August 2001).
1116:Bjerke, Espen (21 August 2001).
55:(SAS) for a merger; instead the
1992:"BA ville ikke redde Braathens"
1617:. 17 September 1999. p. 2.
1296:"Studenter lures bak forhenget"
1294:Welde, Ole Bjørnar Loe (1998).
731:Norwegian Competition Authority
181:and director of SAS in Norway,
2856:History of companies of Norway
2227:"Skylder på Braathen-familien"
2145:(in Norwegian). 20 August 2001
2137:"Nekter SAS å kjøpe Braathens"
1921:(in Norwegian). Archived from
1304:(in Norwegian). Archived from
808:Asker and Bærum District Court
616:started flights to its hub at
505:, with planes from Braathens,
381:signed an agreement involving
250:, as well as summer routes to
63:. New routes were opened from
1:
2360:"SAS-ultimatum til Braathens"
2166:"Braathens under SAS' vinger"
2105:"SAS stiller bonus-ultimatum"
2019:Skaalmo, Siri (21 May 2001).
1964:"Braathens under SAS' vinger"
1962:Skaalmo, Siri (21 May 2001).
189:new aircraft would make them
2194:"Ber staten redde Braathens"
401:Partnership and new identity
53:Scandinavian Airlines System
35:Scandinavian Airlines System
2568:(in Norwegian). p. 24.
2461:(in Norwegian). p. 15.
2427:(in Norwegian). p. 26.
2410:(in Norwegian). p. 37.
2318:(in Norwegian). p. 23.
2085:(in Norwegian). 25 May 2001
2057:(in Norwegian). 30 May 2001
2000:(in Norwegian). 26 May 2001
1786:(in Norwegian). p. 18.
1769:(in Norwegian). p. 19.
1717:(in Norwegian). p. 36.
1700:(in Norwegian). p. 23.
1683:(in Norwegian). p. 37.
1651:(in Norwegian). p. 14.
1551:(in Norwegian). p. 24.
1534:(in Norwegian). p. 12.
1444:(in Norwegian). p. 46.
1412:(in Norwegian). p. 11.
1363:(in Norwegian). p. 10.
1200:(in Norwegian). p. 39.
1183:(in Norwegian). p. 17.
1151:(in Norwegian). p. 40.
1105:(in Norwegian). p. 13.
1088:(in Norwegian). p. 15.
1054:(in Norwegian). p. 46.
1037:(in Norwegian). p. 34.
1020:(in Norwegian). p. 10.
526:Göteborg Landvetter Airport
397:Fokker 100s with 737-300s.
2877:
2861:Aviation history of Norway
2733:Ludvig G. Braathens Rederi
2393:(in Norwegian). p. 4.
1734:(in Norwegian). p. 4.
1634:(in Norwegian). p. 3.
1602:(in Norwegian). p. 2.
1585:(in Norwegian). p. 9.
1568:(in Norwegian). p. 2.
1461:(in Norwegian). p. 7.
1283:(in Norwegian). p. 4.
1251:(in Norwegian). p. 6.
1234:(in Norwegian). p. 7.
1003:(in Norwegian). p. 3.
945:(in Norwegian). p. 5.
812:Borgarting Court of Appeal
753:
548:
501:The domestic concourse at
348:Joint Aviation Authorities
281:
207:public service obligations
2649:Tjomsland, Audun (2005).
2285:"SAS får kjøpe Braathens"
2021:"Braathens inviterte SAS"
956:"Ville kjøpe Transwede".
536:. The airline had eleven
303:Stockholm Arlanda Airport
1910:"Bye, bye, Braathens..."
666:Oslo Airport, Gardermoen
522:Stockholm-Bromma Airport
503:Oslo Airport, Gardermoen
460:Sandefjord Airport, Torp
121:Oslo Airport, Gardermoen
816:Supreme Court of Norway
447:London Stansted Airport
236:initial public offering
219:CFM International CFM56
771:
722:
669:
608:
513:
470:
414:
361:
293:
222:
147:
83:, but the routes from
49:European Economic Area
41:
2738:Norwegian Air Shuttle
2599:Norwegian News Agency
2584:Norwegian News Agency
2204:Norwegian News Agency
2115:Norwegian News Agency
1949:Norwegian News Agency
1870:Norwegian News Agency
1814:Norwegian News Agency
1799:Norwegian News Agency
1747:Norwegian News Agency
1664:Norwegian News Agency
1615:Norwegian News Agency
1515:Norwegian News Agency
1483:Norwegian News Agency
1425:Norwegian News Agency
1393:Norwegian News Agency
1344:Norwegian News Agency
1329:Norwegian News Agency
1264:Norwegian News Agency
1164:Norwegian News Agency
978:Norwegian News Agency
915:Norwegian News Agency
763:
750:Coordinated operation
716:
689:services themselves.
687:Norwegian Air Shuttle
659:
602:
538:British Aerospace 146
507:Scandinavian Airlines
500:
468:
408:
356:
291:
278:Expansion into Sweden
216:
154:and the right-winged
142:
65:Oslo Airport, Fornebu
24:
2718:Braathens Helikopter
1666:. 27 September 1999.
1471:Tjomsland, 2005: 212
272:Government of Norway
228:Braathens Helikopter
2851:History of airlines
800:SAS Ground Services
586:Minister of Finance
534:London City Airport
240:Oslo Stock Exchange
61:Oslo Stock Exchange
57:helicopter division
2818:Ludvig G. Braathen
2651:Høyt spill om Torp
1928:on 9 February 2012
1749:. 1 February 2000.
772:
723:
670:
614:Northwest Airlines
609:
514:
471:
439:Northwest Airlines
415:
362:
294:
223:
156:Conservative Party
148:
42:
2831:
2830:
2537:Dagens Næringsliv
2508:Dagens Næringsliv
2479:Dagens Næringsliv
2458:Dagens Næringsliv
2390:Dagens Næringsliv
2365:Dagens Næringsliv
2336:Dagens Næringsliv
2290:Dagens Næringsliv
2261:Dagens Næringsliv
2232:Dagens Næringsliv
2199:Dagens Næringsliv
2171:Dagens Næringsliv
2142:Dagens Næringsliv
2110:Dagens Næringsliv
2082:Dagens Næringsliv
2054:Dagens Næringsliv
2026:Dagens Næringsliv
1997:Dagens Næringsliv
1969:Dagens Næringsliv
1894:Dagens Næringsliv
1865:Dagens Næringsliv
1837:Dagens Næringsliv
1680:Dagens Næringsliv
1648:Dagens Næringsliv
1517:. 10 August 1999.
1458:Dagens Næringsliv
1360:Dagens Næringsliv
1346:. 17 August 1998.
1308:on 17 August 2019
1248:Dagens Næringsliv
1231:Dagens Næringsliv
1180:Dagens Næringsliv
1123:Dagens Næringsliv
1085:Dagens Næringsliv
1034:Dagens Næringsliv
959:Dagens Næringsliv
740:private placement
603:Braathens bought
555:In January 1998,
520:, that flew from
409:A Braathens SAFE
387:handling services
284:Transwede Airways
232:Helkopter Service
202:cross-subsidizing
143:A Braathens SAFE
2868:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2669:
2664:
2645:
2639:
2631:
2603:
2602:
2601:. 27 April 2007.
2594:
2588:
2587:
2579:
2570:
2569:
2559:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2435:
2429:
2428:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2401:
2395:
2394:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2206:. 24 August 2001
2202:(in Norwegian).
2190:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2133:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2113:(in Norwegian).
2101:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2016:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2005:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1927:
1914:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1872:. 22 August 2001
1868:(in Norwegian).
1856:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1827:
1818:
1817:
1809:
1803:
1802:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1777:
1771:
1770:
1760:
1751:
1750:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1593:
1587:
1586:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1525:
1519:
1518:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1478:
1472:
1469:
1463:
1462:
1452:
1446:
1445:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1354:
1348:
1347:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1159:
1153:
1152:
1142:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1028:
1022:
1021:
1011:
1005:
1004:
991:
982:
981:
973:
964:
963:
953:
947:
946:
936:
930:
929:
925:
919:
918:
910:
901:
898:
892:
889:
883:
880:
874:
871:
865:
862:
856:
853:
678:Halmstad Airport
575:could therefore
565:low-cost airline
431:Schiphol Airport
2876:
2875:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2836:
2835:
2832:
2827:
2806:
2757:
2701:
2696:
2661:
2648:
2632:
2628:
2615:
2612:
2607:
2606:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2581:
2580:
2573:
2565:Bergens Tidende
2561:
2560:
2553:
2543:
2541:
2529:
2528:
2524:
2514:
2512:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2485:
2483:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2441:Bergens Tidende
2437:
2436:
2432:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2371:
2369:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2342:
2340:
2328:
2327:
2323:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2296:
2294:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2267:
2265:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2238:
2236:
2224:
2223:
2219:
2209:
2207:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2177:
2175:
2163:
2162:
2158:
2148:
2146:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2120:
2118:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2088:
2086:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2060:
2058:
2047:
2046:
2042:
2032:
2030:
2018:
2017:
2013:
2003:
2001:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1975:
1973:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1912:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1897:(in Norwegian).
1890:
1889:
1885:
1875:
1873:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1843:
1841:
1829:
1828:
1821:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1779:
1778:
1774:
1762:
1761:
1754:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1731:Bergens Tidende
1727:
1726:
1722:
1710:
1709:
1705:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1599:Bergens Tidende
1595:
1594:
1590:
1582:Bergens Tidende
1578:
1577:
1573:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1548:Bergens Tidende
1544:
1543:
1539:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1502:(in Norwegian).
1495:
1494:
1490:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1470:
1466:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1311:
1309:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1166:. 3 April 1997.
1161:
1160:
1156:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1129:
1127:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1017:Bergens Tidende
1013:
1012:
1008:
995:Guhnfeldt, Cato
993:
992:
985:
980:. 25 June 1996.
975:
974:
967:
955:
954:
950:
938:
937:
933:
927:
926:
922:
912:
911:
904:
899:
895:
890:
886:
881:
877:
872:
868:
863:
859:
854:
850:
845:
840:
758:
752:
711:
654:
636:value added tax
577:tacitly collude
557:Olav Nils Sunde
553:
547:
403:
374:British Airways
286:
280:
221:turbofan engine
171:British Airways
137:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2874:
2872:
2864:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2838:
2837:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2823:Arne A. Jensen
2820:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2804:
2798:
2792:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2765:
2763:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2728:Malmö Aviation
2725:
2720:
2715:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2702:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2672:
2666:
2665:
2659:
2646:
2626:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2604:
2589:
2571:
2551:
2540:(in Norwegian)
2522:
2511:(in Norwegian)
2493:
2482:(in Norwegian)
2464:
2447:
2430:
2413:
2396:
2379:
2368:(in Norwegian)
2350:
2339:(in Norwegian)
2321:
2304:
2293:(in Norwegian)
2275:
2264:(in Norwegian)
2246:
2235:(in Norwegian)
2217:
2185:
2174:(in Norwegian)
2156:
2128:
2117:. 20 June 2001
2096:
2068:
2040:
2029:(in Norwegian)
2011:
1983:
1972:(in Norwegian)
1954:
1939:
1900:
1883:
1851:
1840:(in Norwegian)
1819:
1804:
1789:
1772:
1752:
1737:
1720:
1703:
1686:
1669:
1654:
1637:
1620:
1605:
1588:
1571:
1554:
1537:
1520:
1505:
1488:
1473:
1464:
1447:
1430:
1415:
1398:
1383:
1366:
1349:
1334:
1319:
1286:
1269:
1254:
1237:
1220:
1203:
1186:
1169:
1154:
1137:
1126:(in Norwegian)
1108:
1091:
1074:
1057:
1040:
1023:
1006:
983:
965:
948:
931:
920:
902:
893:
884:
875:
866:
857:
847:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
769:Boeing 737-500
754:Main article:
751:
748:
710:
707:
674:Arne A. Jensen
662:Boeing 737-400
653:
650:
645:Flag of Norway
605:Malmö Aviation
582:Gudmund Restad
549:Main article:
546:
543:
518:Malmö Aviation
411:Boeing 737-400
402:
399:
334:Boeing 737-700
282:Main article:
279:
276:
160:Progress Party
145:Boeing 737-500
136:
133:
117:Malmö Aviation
45:Braathens SAFE
27:Boeing 737-500
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2873:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2834:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2760:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2748:SAS Braathens
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2693:
2688:
2686:
2681:
2679:
2674:
2673:
2670:
2662:
2660:82-997212-0-2
2656:
2652:
2647:
2643:
2637:
2629:
2627:82-990400-1-9
2623:
2619:
2614:
2613:
2609:
2600:
2593:
2590:
2586:. p. 24.
2585:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2567:
2566:
2558:
2556:
2552:
2539:
2538:
2533:
2526:
2523:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2497:
2494:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2468:
2465:
2460:
2459:
2451:
2448:
2443:
2442:
2434:
2431:
2426:
2425:
2417:
2414:
2409:
2408:
2407:Adresseavisen
2400:
2397:
2392:
2391:
2383:
2380:
2367:
2366:
2361:
2354:
2351:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2325:
2322:
2317:
2316:
2308:
2305:
2292:
2291:
2286:
2279:
2276:
2263:
2262:
2257:
2250:
2247:
2234:
2233:
2228:
2221:
2218:
2205:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2189:
2186:
2173:
2172:
2167:
2160:
2157:
2144:
2143:
2138:
2132:
2129:
2116:
2112:
2111:
2106:
2100:
2097:
2084:
2083:
2078:
2072:
2069:
2056:
2055:
2050:
2044:
2041:
2028:
2027:
2022:
2015:
2012:
1999:
1998:
1993:
1987:
1984:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1958:
1955:
1950:
1943:
1940:
1924:
1920:
1919:
1918:Adresseavisen
1911:
1904:
1901:
1896:
1895:
1887:
1884:
1871:
1867:
1866:
1861:
1855:
1852:
1839:
1838:
1833:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1815:
1808:
1805:
1800:
1793:
1790:
1785:
1784:
1776:
1773:
1768:
1767:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1741:
1738:
1733:
1732:
1724:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1707:
1704:
1699:
1698:
1690:
1687:
1682:
1681:
1673:
1670:
1665:
1658:
1655:
1650:
1649:
1641:
1638:
1633:
1632:
1624:
1621:
1616:
1609:
1606:
1601:
1600:
1592:
1589:
1584:
1583:
1575:
1572:
1567:
1566:
1558:
1555:
1550:
1549:
1541:
1538:
1533:
1532:
1524:
1521:
1516:
1509:
1506:
1501:
1500:
1492:
1489:
1484:
1477:
1474:
1468:
1465:
1460:
1459:
1451:
1448:
1443:
1442:
1434:
1431:
1427:. p. 10.
1426:
1419:
1416:
1411:
1410:
1402:
1399:
1394:
1387:
1384:
1379:
1378:
1370:
1367:
1362:
1361:
1353:
1350:
1345:
1338:
1335:
1330:
1323:
1320:
1307:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1290:
1287:
1282:
1281:
1273:
1270:
1265:
1258:
1255:
1250:
1249:
1241:
1238:
1233:
1232:
1224:
1221:
1216:
1215:
1207:
1204:
1199:
1198:
1190:
1187:
1182:
1181:
1173:
1170:
1165:
1158:
1155:
1150:
1149:
1141:
1138:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1103:
1095:
1092:
1087:
1086:
1078:
1075:
1070:
1069:
1061:
1058:
1053:
1052:
1044:
1041:
1036:
1035:
1027:
1024:
1019:
1018:
1010:
1007:
1002:
1001:
996:
990:
988:
984:
979:
972:
970:
966:
961:
960:
952:
949:
944:
943:
935:
932:
924:
921:
916:
909:
907:
903:
897:
894:
888:
885:
879:
876:
870:
867:
861:
858:
852:
849:
842:
837:
835:
833:
829:
825:
819:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
796:
794:
789:
784:
782:
776:
770:
767:
766:SAS Braathens
762:
757:
756:SAS Braathens
749:
747:
743:
741:
735:
732:
727:
720:
715:
708:
706:
704:
700:
694:
690:
688:
682:
679:
675:
667:
663:
658:
651:
649:
646:
640:
637:
631:
628:
622:
619:
615:
606:
601:
597:
593:
591:
587:
583:
578:
572:
570:
566:
562:
558:
552:
544:
542:
539:
535:
531:
530:Malmö Airport
527:
523:
519:
512:
508:
504:
499:
495:
492:
487:
485:
481:
476:
467:
463:
461:
457:
452:
448:
442:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
423:Star Alliance
420:
412:
407:
400:
398:
395:
394:Swedish krona
390:
388:
384:
380:
375:
370:
367:
366:travel agents
359:
355:
351:
349:
345:
340:
335:
330:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
290:
285:
277:
275:
273:
269:
265:
259:
257:
253:
249:
243:
241:
237:
233:
229:
220:
215:
211:
208:
203:
198:
196:
192:
186:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
163:
161:
157:
153:
146:
141:
134:
132:
130:
129:SAS Braathens
126:
122:
118:
112:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
40:
39:SAS Braathens
36:
32:
29:in the final
28:
23:
19:
2833:
2784:Destinations
2773:
2650:
2617:
2610:Bibliography
2592:
2563:
2544:22 September
2542:. Retrieved
2535:
2525:
2515:22 September
2513:. Retrieved
2506:
2496:
2486:22 September
2484:. Retrieved
2477:
2467:
2456:
2450:
2439:
2433:
2422:
2416:
2405:
2399:
2388:
2382:
2372:16 September
2370:. Retrieved
2363:
2353:
2343:16 September
2341:. Retrieved
2334:
2324:
2313:
2307:
2297:16 September
2295:. Retrieved
2288:
2278:
2268:16 September
2266:. Retrieved
2259:
2249:
2239:16 September
2237:. Retrieved
2230:
2220:
2210:16 September
2208:. Retrieved
2197:
2188:
2178:16 September
2176:. Retrieved
2169:
2159:
2149:16 September
2147:. Retrieved
2140:
2131:
2121:16 September
2119:. Retrieved
2108:
2099:
2089:16 September
2087:. Retrieved
2080:
2071:
2061:16 September
2059:. Retrieved
2052:
2043:
2033:16 September
2031:. Retrieved
2024:
2014:
2004:16 September
2002:. Retrieved
1995:
1986:
1976:16 September
1974:. Retrieved
1967:
1957:
1942:
1930:. Retrieved
1923:the original
1916:
1903:
1892:
1886:
1876:16 September
1874:. Retrieved
1863:
1854:
1844:16 September
1842:. Retrieved
1835:
1807:
1792:
1781:
1775:
1764:
1740:
1729:
1723:
1712:
1706:
1695:
1689:
1678:
1672:
1657:
1646:
1640:
1629:
1623:
1608:
1597:
1591:
1580:
1574:
1563:
1557:
1546:
1540:
1531:Verdens Gang
1529:
1523:
1508:
1497:
1491:
1476:
1467:
1456:
1450:
1439:
1433:
1418:
1407:
1401:
1386:
1375:
1369:
1358:
1352:
1337:
1322:
1312:13 September
1310:. Retrieved
1306:the original
1299:
1289:
1278:
1272:
1257:
1246:
1240:
1229:
1223:
1212:
1206:
1195:
1189:
1178:
1172:
1157:
1146:
1140:
1130:16 September
1128:. Retrieved
1121:
1111:
1100:
1094:
1083:
1077:
1066:
1060:
1049:
1043:
1032:
1026:
1015:
1009:
998:
957:
951:
942:Verdens Gang
940:
934:
923:
896:
887:
878:
869:
860:
851:
820:
797:
793:SAS Commuter
785:
777:
773:
744:
736:
728:
724:
703:Longyearbyen
695:
691:
683:
671:
660:A Braathens
641:
632:
623:
610:
594:
590:Center Party
573:
554:
515:
488:
472:
443:
416:
391:
371:
363:
331:
327:
295:
260:
244:
224:
199:
187:
179:Kjell Opseth
164:
149:
135:Deregulation
113:
43:
18:
2713:Atlas Resor
2424:Aftenposten
2315:Aftenposten
1932:6 September
1783:Aftenposten
1766:Aftenposten
1714:Aftenposten
1697:Aftenposten
1631:Aftenposten
1565:Aftenposten
1441:Aftenposten
1301:Universitas
1280:Aftenposten
1214:Aftenposten
1197:Aftenposten
1148:Aftenposten
1102:Aftenposten
1068:Aftenposten
1051:Aftenposten
1000:Aftenposten
383:codesharing
299:Fokker 100s
152:Labor Party
2840:Categories
2801:Flight 139
2795:Flight 239
2789:Flight 253
2743:Saga Tours
838:References
830:code, and
561:Color Line
480:seat pitch
358:Fokker 100
183:Jan Reinås
37:to become
2846:Braathens
2774:1994–2004
2769:1946–1993
2753:Transwede
2706:Companies
2699:Braathens
2636:cite book
1499:Dagbladet
1377:Dagbladet
804:seniority
788:EuroBonus
781:SAS Group
719:SAS Group
709:Take-over
699:Barcelona
588:from the
569:Color Air
551:Color Air
545:Price war
511:Color Air
484:Color Air
435:Amsterdam
389:in Oslo.
319:Sundsvall
311:Jönköping
195:price war
167:Lufthansa
125:Color Air
105:Stockholm
101:Transwede
31:Braathens
2779:Aircraft
2723:Busy Bee
2620:. Oslo.
832:callsign
346:and the
307:Halmstad
270:and the
191:illiquid
2762:History
1409:Nordlys
627:deicing
607:in 1998
379:Finnair
264:Statoil
73:Harstad
2811:People
2803:(1985)
2797:(1972)
2791:(1956)
2657:
2624:
652:Crisis
456:Dublin
252:Jersey
97:Jersey
85:Bergen
81:Tromsø
77:Narvik
1926:(PDF)
1913:(PDF)
843:Notes
451:AirUK
315:Luleå
193:in a
2655:ISBN
2642:link
2622:ISBN
2546:2009
2517:2009
2488:2009
2374:2009
2345:2009
2299:2009
2270:2009
2241:2009
2212:2009
2180:2009
2151:2009
2123:2009
2091:2009
2063:2009
2035:2009
2006:2009
1978:2009
1934:2012
1878:2009
1846:2009
1314:2009
1132:2009
828:ICAO
826:and
824:IATA
729:The
528:and
509:and
489:The
475:tail
323:Umeå
321:and
268:Aker
256:Nice
254:and
248:Rome
173:and
158:and
95:and
93:Nice
89:Rome
79:and
69:Bodø
664:at
524:to
433:in
429:at
427:hub
419:KLM
305:to
230:to
175:KLM
109:KLM
67:to
2842::
2638:}}
2634:{{
2574:^
2554:^
2534:.
2505:.
2476:.
2362:.
2333:.
2287:.
2258:.
2229:.
2196:.
2168:.
2139:.
2107:.
2079:.
2051:.
2023:.
1994:.
1966:.
1915:.
1862:.
1834:.
1822:^
1755:^
1298:.
1120:.
986:^
968:^
905:^
795:.
764:A
584:,
462:.
350:.
317:,
313:,
309:,
274:.
266:,
169:,
119:.
91:,
71:,
25:A
2691:e
2684:t
2677:v
2663:.
2644:)
2630:.
2548:.
2519:.
2490:.
2376:.
2347:.
2301:.
2272:.
2243:.
2214:.
2182:.
2153:.
2125:.
2093:.
2065:.
2037:.
2008:.
1980:.
1951:.
1936:.
1880:.
1848:.
1816:.
1801:.
1485:.
1395:.
1331:.
1316:.
1266:.
1134:.
917:.
721:"
75:/
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.