1052:
986:
Croatian speakers. Until 1910, the proportion changed: there were 108 thousand
Italian speakers and 134 thousand Croatian speakers. Vanni D'Alessio notes (2008), the Austrian surveys of the language of use (in the Austrian censuses, the ethnic composition of the population wasn't surveyed, only the "Umgangsprache") "overestimated the diffusion of the socially dominant languages of the empire... The capacity of assimilation of the Italian language suggests that amongst those who declared themselves Italian speakers in Istria, there were people whose mother tongue was different." In the second half of the 19th century, there was a fight for the national and political rights of the Croatian and Slovenian population in relation to the Italian population, strongly influenced by the
614:
200:
4475:
546:
861:
2232:
1876:
3832:
487:
1773:
277:
78:
2356:
22:
2165:
1634:
764:
1587:
371:, in connection to Istria and the other Balkanic zones, to refer to the Avars and/or the Avaro-Slavic hordes. Gisulf, Duke of Friuli (c. 590-c. 610), who died during an Avar invasion of Istria, is thought to have conducted raids against the Avars and the Slavs in Istria, perhaps after making a deal with the Byzantines. In 619, the Avar khagan allegedly made a deal with
3597:
306:(568), Istria was exposed to several Lombard attacks during the next two centuries, but remained under Byzantine rule. During that period, it enjoyed substantial provincial self-governance, because of its peripheral position. After the fall of the Exarchate in 751, Istria remained under Byzantine rule until 788, when it was conquered by the
3394:, and that the Croats took possession of this land from the Avars. Constantine states that in his time, that is around 950, some descendants of the Avars, recognized as such, still lived in the Kingdom of Croatia, which, as mentioned, included eastern Istria. However, he does not specify their exact location within Croatia.
232:
resistance remained in the hilly interior, they succumbed in time to the Romans’ combination of military and economic superiority. Although Pula is Istria's only settlement to preserve significant evidence of the Romans (principally its Forum and
Amphitheater), most of Istria's major settlements were
1728:
and cultural suppression. During the period between the two world wars, Italians eradicated
Croatian and Slovenian public and national life. They abolished all Croatian schools, cultural institutions and associations, and Croatian names were Italianized. Croatians lost their right to education and
994:
was the leader of the battle for
Croatian rights in Istria. His concept was the activation of the people in the field of the national self-defence, the preservation of tradition, the improvement of economic and political situation, the acceptance of new civilization and cultural achievements, and
600:
on the eastern part of the peninsula. The wealthier coastal towns cultivated increasingly strong economic relationships with Venice and by 1348 were eventually incorporated into its territory, while their inland counterparts fell under the sway of the weaker
Patriarchate of Aquileia, which became
985:
were more than 50% of the total population of Istria for centuries, while making up about a third of the population in 1900. However, in the part of Istria that eventually would become part of
Croatia, the first Austrian census from 1846 found 34 thousand Italian speakers, alongside 120 thousand
957:
His
Majesty expressed the precise order that action be taken decisively against the influence of the Italian elements still present in some regions of the Crown and, appropriately occupying the posts of public, judicial, masters employees as well as with the influence of the press, work in
739:
From the Middle Ages to the 19th century, Italian and Slavic communities in Istria had lived peacefully side by side because they did not know the national identification, given that they generically defined themselves as "Istrians", of "Romance" or "Slavic" culture.
1829:
Following the break-up of
Yugoslavia in 1991, and international recognition of independent states of Croatia and Slovenia, the division of Istria between Croatia and Slovenia runs on the former republic borders. In December 1992, Istria became one of the twenty
1793:, while other parts were incorporated into Yugoslavia. The Free Territory of Trieste was also divided in two zones – Zone A (area around Trieste) and Zone B (the rest). Zone A was again under the Anglo-American administration, while Zone B was under the
1752:
which sought to incorporate Istra into the
Croatian state. However, the Yugoslav executive was forced split Istria into two Zones: the Anglo-American-occupied Zone A and the Yugoslav-administrated Zone B. These zones would eventually be abolished by the
394:) was completely destroyed by the Avars in their early invasions of the 7th century, and was rebuilt as late as the 11th century, having disappeared from the records. Among the other cities destroyed by the Avars and Slavs is Gallignana (
465:
reporting that this was the belief during his day. Indeed, according to one current theory, the first wave of Slavic-speaking settlers entered Istria in the late 6th century, but according to another theory, the Slavs entered first the
248:
Christianity appeared in Istria in the late 3rd century AD, and the first churches were built in the 4th century. The period between the 2nd and 5th century AD saw the incursions of
Germanic tribes, a sustained influx of refugees from
970:
for the Germanization and Slavization of these territories according to the circumstances, with energy and without any regard. His Majesty calls the central offices to the strong duty to proceed in this way to what has been
321:
on Istrian borders were recorded. At the beginning of the 7th century, Istrian eastern and inland regions were invaded by Slavs, while the coastal area resisted these attacks. This period was highly contentious, because of
1051:
421:
Traces of early Slavic settlement in Istria, and of the Slavic raids, are scarce. Some Avar findings were discovered in Istria, such as two Avar three-winged arrows, found in Nesactium, a belt harness found in
354:
invaded Italy after passing through Istrian territory. The locals probably retired in the walled cities, leaving the main routes unguarded. Around 600 to 602, the Avars and the Slavs, perhaps instigated by the
995:
finding the way to take the people out of misery. In one of his first demands to the Istrian Parliament in PoreÄŤ, he asked that the Croatian should become the official language, along with Italian.
457:, following the Barbarian invasions of the 6th century, in Istria there was a mixing of people, after which two distinct ethnic divisions emerged: the Italians, who derived from the preexisting
414:(Gimino) suffered the same fate by the same hands. Several other settlements disappeared with these incursions, possibly including the still unidentified Mutila, Faveria and Cissa, mentioned by
363:
before attacking Istria again. On this occasion, they inflicted what might have been the worst defeat for the locals. Some ancient historians and reporters, such as Gregorius Anicius, later
3972:
639:
342:
In 599, the first Avaro-Slavic invasion of Istria was recorded. This invasion chiefly involved the hinterland, but possibly threatened the coast as well, triggering a response from
4369:
1813:. For the first time, the entire western coast of Istria became part of Croatia. The final border between the two states was defined in the agreement in the Italian town of
716:
In 1805, Napoleon re-occupied the former Venetian Istria. The Holy Roman Empire ended with the period of Napoleonic rule from 1805 to 1813, when Istria became part of the
453:
After the Avaro-Slavic defeat at the siege of Constantinople in 612, the Slavs might've split from their Avar masters and settled into Byzantine territory. According to
4799:
1385:
568:
but were defeated, and were since further controlled by Venice. During the 13th century, the Patriarchate's rule weakened and the towns kept surrendering to Venice –
3336:
2870:
938:: as a consequence, the Austrians saw the Italians as enemies and favored the Slav communities of Istria, fostering the nascent nationalism of Slovenes and Croats.
3121:, Wien, Ă–sterreichischer Bundesverlag fĂĽr Unterricht, Wissenschaft und Kunst 1971, vol. 2, p. 297. Citazione completa della fonte e traduzione in Luciano Monzali,
1737:, regarded as the first armed antifascist resistance group in Europe, was founded in 1927 and soon penetrated into Slovene and Croatian-speaking parts of Istria.
2384:
2078:
1409:
461:, and the Slavs, who derived from the intermixing of Croats and Avars. Some historians have argued that Istria was actually colonized by Carnolian Slavs, with
334:
attacks from the east, resulting in a state of near constant conflict, particularly between Byzantine-held littoral and Slavic inhabitants in inland regions.
5028:
4831:
2193:
1910:
1761:
which were often partly or wholly committed by the local non-Italian population, due to the previous regime's oppression of non-Italians like such as forced
1397:
895:, as suffrage was limited to property owners, who were primarily Italian. The first parliament consisted of 28 Italians, but only one Croat and one Slovene.
3967:
3190:
430:, in eastern Istria). While historians consider it unlikely, ancient records don't exclude the possibility that, besides Slavs, Avars lived in Istria, as
4836:
4794:
4276:
1615:
1558:
3040:""L'Adriatico orientale e la sterile ricerca delle nazionalitĂ delle persone" di Kristijan Knez; La Voce del Popolo (quotidiano di Fiume) del 2/10/2002"
4006:
3119:
Die Protokolle des Ă–sterreichischen Ministerrates 1848/1867. V Abteilung: Die Ministerien Rainer und Mensdorff. VI Abteilung: Das Ministerium Belcredi
3087:
Die Protokolle des Ă–sterreichischen Ministerrates 1848/1867. V Abteilung: Die Ministerien Rainer und Mensdorff. VI Abteilung: Das Ministerium Belcredi
2729:
387:
with large sums of money for the redemption of captives held by pagans" in 640–642, indicates that by that time the Slavs had settled in the region.
5071:
5061:
3629:
4967:
4362:
4233:
1749:
281:
2423:
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3821:
3737:
1973:
1703:
4414:
3811:
2144:
526:, given in hereditary feud to various families of noblemen by German emperors, the dukes of Carinthia, Merano and Bavaria. The German emperor
4778:
3462:
2615:
On the Fringes of the Shrinking Empire - The Militarization of Administration and Society in Byzantine Istria (MA Thesis in Medieval Studies)
2254:
1702:, signed in Padova, on 3 November 1918. Istria was consequently occupied by the Italian Royal Army, under the terms of the armistice. At the
1839:
410:
was probably burned during one of the Avaro-Slavic invasions, and it has been suggested that also the church of St Fusca (Sveta Foška) near
3991:
3658:
1890:
1230:
1215:
4530:
3918:
3767:
2070:
4768:
4400:
4355:
3984:
3882:
1651:
1563:
1269:
781:
3722:
3383:
3268:
1968:
539:
515:
in 788. The seeds of Istria's dissolution were sown under increasingly weak Frankish rule, which enabled most settlements to achieve
491:
435:
218:
conquered the Histri and took control of the Istria peninsula in 178 and 177 BC. Romans established the port of Pietas Iulia (modern
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4128:
3857:
3642:
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2712:
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2398:
2377:
2329:
1673:
1273:
907:
847:
613:
502:
64:
923:
892:
3505:
3043:
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4042:
2186:
1528:
531:
828:
199:
4474:
4296:
3663:
1915:
1430:
959:
934:
among many Italians in Istria, who demanded the unification of Istria with Italy. The Italians in Istria supported the Italian
876:
ruled entire Istrian territory from 1814 until 1918. Istria became the part of the Empire as a separate territorial unit, with
495:
31:
800:
4999:
4464:
3146:
2334:
1810:
1655:
1608:
1498:
1153:
785:
1403:
4743:
4429:
4077:
3796:
3752:
3434:"At the Crossroads of Late Antiquity and Early Middle Ages - The Rise and Fall of the Military Elite of Byzantine Histria"
2116:
2106:
2011:
1806:
1797:, from which area most of the Italian population fled. After the dissolution of the Free Territory of Trieste in 1954, by
1345:
1340:
1324:
753:
694:
3567:"Istria Between Purity and Hybridity: The Creation of the Istrian Region Through Scientific Research in the 19th Century"
3543:
807:
522:
In the 10th and 11th centuries, Istria was ruled by the German feudal families. Since the mid-11th century, Istria was a
4952:
4826:
4748:
4052:
4001:
3877:
3806:
3789:
3622:
3524:
2370:
2211:
2155:
2139:
2100:
1533:
1466:
717:
527:
4733:
3601:
545:
5021:
4703:
4243:
4101:
3762:
3415:
Landscapes of Power: Selected Papers from the XV Oxford University Byzantine Society International Graduate Conference
3102:
2179:
2046:
1855:
1579:
1420:
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3816:
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as its capital. Pazin became its capital in 1825. In 1866 Pula became the capital port of the Austrian Empire Navy.
5051:
4862:
4821:
4758:
4698:
4654:
4213:
3957:
3872:
3862:
3784:
2093:
2064:
2016:
1786:
1513:
1472:
814:
4916:
4459:
4424:
1724:
in 1922, the portions of the Istrian population that were Croatian and Slovene were exposed to a policy of forced
860:
4982:
4773:
4753:
4728:
4639:
4266:
4133:
3938:
3887:
1900:
1790:
1699:
1695:
1601:
1543:
1508:
1503:
1031:
987:
942:
380:
303:
136:) is the largest peninsula in the Adriatic Sea. The peninsula is located at the head of the Adriatic between the
3039:
313:
During the Byzantine period, significant changes emerged at eastern borders of Istria. In 599, first attacks of
4067:
3867:
3374:
1766:
1757:
of 1947. The capitulation of Italy, and the ensuing struggle over Istria, caused acts of massacres such as the
1715:
1523:
1258:
1116:
796:
3486:
438:, which included eastern Istria. While Avars may have been active and even controlled regions in present-day
4972:
4947:
4644:
4291:
4261:
4251:
4171:
4143:
4118:
3962:
3945:
3923:
3801:
3690:
3615:
2134:
1953:
1644:
1416:
1288:
1205:
927:
774:
577:
423:
113:
4688:
3474:"Istria in the Context of the 10th Italic Region "Venetia et Histria" as a Border Area of the Roman Empire"
4683:
4281:
4057:
3950:
1548:
682:
364:
35:
3550:. Zgodovinsko društvo za južno Primorsko-Koper - Società storica del Litorale-Capodistria. Archived from
930:, together with other Italian-speaking areas on the eastern Adriatic. This triggered the gradual rise of
4977:
4763:
4723:
4256:
4228:
4138:
4072:
3933:
3892:
3772:
3685:
2913:. Parenzo: SocietĂ Istriana di Archeologia e Storia Patria, at the typograpy Gaetano Coana. p. 424.
1730:
1707:
1538:
1518:
1440:
1077:
359:, penetrated into Istria, devastating it all with fire and rapine. In 611, the Avars and Slavs pillaged
3230:"From Central Europe to the northern Adriatic: Habsburg citizens between Italians and Croats in Istria"
4957:
4713:
4545:
4505:
4123:
4087:
4062:
3996:
3928:
3852:
3840:
3411:"Remapping the Socio-political Landscape on the Fringes of an Imperium: The End of Byzantine Histria"
1754:
1356:
1147:
1071:
293:
242:
4987:
4203:
4148:
4047:
3979:
3906:
3777:
2220:
2084:
2036:
2031:
1983:
1958:
1905:
1831:
1318:
1306:
1283:
1185:
935:
931:
1748:
officially occupied the region, expelled the fascist authorities, and established the rule of the
651:
5004:
4627:
4622:
4612:
4588:
4378:
4315:
4286:
4163:
4082:
4020:
3757:
3747:
3650:
3249:
2929:
Esuli dalle foibe ai campi profughi : la tragedia degli italiani di Istria, Fiume e Dalmazia
2408:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2026:
2021:
2006:
2001:
1978:
1864:
1805:/Italian border, while the remaining territory was incorporated into Yugoslavia as a part of its
1745:
1279:
1219:
721:
565:
550:
238:
207:
3098:
Relazione della Commissione storico-culturale italo-slovena, Relazioni italo-slovene 1880-1956,
821:
4671:
4649:
4602:
4540:
4520:
4498:
4271:
4198:
4181:
4037:
3742:
3473:
3458:
3418:
3274:
3142:
2961:
2936:
2889:
2849:
2824:
2784:
2708:
2683:
2658:
2633:
2294:
2284:
2279:
1424:
1234:
1066:
967:
865:
725:
675:
671:
667:
655:
618:
602:
372:
241:, as part of the Roman mainland of Italia. It remained under Roman rule until the fall of the
153:
121:
93:
2496:
2494:
596:
in 1283. Venice gradually dominated the whole coastal area of western Istria and the area to
395:
4816:
4678:
4632:
4525:
4442:
4331:
4223:
4208:
4186:
4153:
3680:
3241:
3136:
2871:"AVARI I SLAVENI JUŽNO OD DRAVE: Vitrina s dva avarska predmeta iz Arheološkog muzeja Istre"
2403:
2264:
1948:
1741:
1040:
982:
899:
887:) that convened at Parenzo (PoreÄŤ), only served to its purpose to the Austrians in defusing
749:
508:
307:
298:
289:
117:
105:
97:
1769:
which significantly reduced the Italian population in Istria, particularly in urban areas.
4877:
4661:
4535:
4515:
4032:
3732:
3379:
3106:
2360:
2259:
2231:
1963:
1943:
1818:
1794:
1758:
1691:
1687:
1460:
1263:
999:
919:
873:
643:
535:
523:
486:
431:
415:
347:
314:
257:, political instability amid infighting for the Roman throne, and decline of the economy.
137:
4510:
581:
3831:
1875:
1772:
4904:
4896:
4889:
4884:
4666:
4577:
4447:
4419:
4336:
3727:
2418:
2324:
2319:
2169:
2041:
1762:
1725:
1391:
1195:
1110:
884:
512:
458:
375:
for the settlement of Slavs in northern Istria. The mission of an abbot Martin sent by
254:
215:
129:
3184:
276:
5045:
4921:
4872:
4811:
4806:
4607:
4408:
4191:
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claims that Dalmatia extended up to the mounts of Istria. He further claims that the
3253:
2680:
The Making of the Slavs History and Archaeology of the Lower Danube Region, C.500–700
2413:
2314:
1920:
1835:
1553:
1104:
1083:
991:
946:
733:
622:
467:
188:
3162:
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claimed that a minority ethnic group, recognized as Avars, lived in his time in the
4909:
4617:
4452:
4437:
4176:
3668:
3207:"DOSELJAVANJA I ISELJAVANJA S PODRUÄŚJA ISTRE, RIJEKE I ZADRA U RAZDOBLJU 1910-1971"
2924:
2457:
2455:
2289:
1925:
1591:
1312:
1141:
1097:
903:
663:
462:
454:
376:
141:
82:
77:
46:
883:
The introduction of limited democracy in 1861, by means of a regional parliament (
367:, unaware of the importance of the Avars in the Balkans, used the terms Slavs, or
3410:
3089:, Wien, Ă–sterreichischer Bundesverlag fĂĽr Unterricht, Wissenschaft und Kunst 1971
3695:
3341:
2339:
2241:
1729:
religious practice in their maternal languages. The population emigrated to the
1633:
1453:
1366:
1121:
1011:
1002:, national fights were interrupted. Italian interest in the eastern part of the
950:
763:
706:
351:
318:
292:, and consequently placed under administrative and military jurisdiction of the
3700:
3551:
3245:
2991:
2989:
2269:
1711:
1446:
265:
260:
Following the fall of the Western Roman Empire (476), the region was ruled by
224:
203:
180:
3337:"Slovenia-Croatia border dispute underlines fragility of EU's Balkan project"
4994:
4582:
3715:
3705:
2932:
1133:
1127:
941:
During the meeting of the Council of Ministers of 12 November 1866, Emperor
710:
403:
175:
tribe after whom Istria was named. Their arrival marks the beginning of the
172:
42:
3099:
1789:
of 1947, the territory between Novigrad and Trieste became the independent
1765:
which was the leading cause of resentment. This lingered and triggered the
3596:
3065:
3710:
2344:
2274:
2249:
1895:
1802:
1329:
1003:
963:
888:
728:. For the first time, inner and eastern parts of Istria became a part of
702:
698:
569:
475:
443:
411:
356:
327:
323:
250:
234:
184:
176:
3010:
3008:
3006:
3004:
3638:
2537:
2535:
2533:
2245:
1801:
agreement, Italy was assigned Zone A, the region up to the present-day
1721:
1658: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1175:
1015:
877:
788: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
729:
585:
538:, eastern parts of Istria north of Raša River at that time belonged to
471:
447:
439:
427:
343:
261:
229:
906:
movement that fought for the unification of Italy. However, after the
4596:
4493:
4347:
4113:
3454:
3387:
3206:
1798:
1007:
915:
911:
597:
593:
391:
384:
360:
331:
168:
164:
3566:
3487:"Byzantium and Istria: Some Aspects of Byzantine Presence in Istria"
2911:
Atti e memorie della SocietĂ Istriana di Archeologia e Storia Patria
228:, large estates worked by colonists and locals. Although pockets of
3607:
3433:
3229:
976:
Franz Joseph I of Austria, Council of the Crown of 12 November 1866
179:
in Istria. Another Illyrian tribe that inhabited the area were the
3391:
2846:
The Middle Ages Between the Eastern Alps and the Northern Adriatic
1814:
1771:
859:
634:
612:
589:
561:
557:
407:
275:
198:
2442:
2440:
2438:
681:
The Venetian part of the peninsula passed to it in 1797 with the
450:), as this is the only place where Avar burials have been found.
144:. It is shared by three countries: Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy.
1734:
573:
219:
157:
4351:
3611:
3138:
Homo scribens : Perspektiven der Schriftlichkeitsforschung
446:, they are thought to have only lived in Pannonia (present-day
1627:
757:
701:; however, he gave Venice and the Venetian part of Istria and
15:
3438:
Annual of Medieval Studies at the Central European University
3183:
206:, built in 27 BC – 68 AD, is among the six largest surviving
152:
The first known appearance of human life in Istria dates to
3135:
JĂĽrgen Baurmann, Hartmut Gunther and Ulrich Knoop (1993).
1006:
coast became very obvious. A secret agreement was made in
426:(Cittanova), and a belt plaque found near Nesactium (near
296:. Local administration in Istria was headed by provincial
3123:
Italiani di Dalmazia. Dal Risorgimento alla Grande Guerra
2909:
SocietĂ Istriana di Archeologia e Storia Patria (1891).
891:
calls for the region's union with the newly established
156:, as evidenced by artifacts found in Ĺ andalja Cave near
3506:"Povijest (Povijest Istre od prapovijesti do 1918. g.)"
3194:. Vol. 14 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 886–887.
3066:"Trieste, Istria, Fiume e Dalmazia: una terra contesa"
2617:(Thesis). Central European University. pp. 1–101.
1010:
in April 1915, according to which Italy was promised
953:
of the areas of the empire with an Italian presence:
2766:
The Early Medieval Between Pannonia and the Adriatic
470:
area, and then entered Istria from the north, above
4936:
4851:
4787:
4567:
4560:
4482:
4388:
4242:
4162:
4100:
4019:
3905:
3839:
3649:
3273:(3rd ed.). The Scarecrow Press. p. 175.
2768:. Archaeological Museum of Istria. pp. 1–301.
2553:
1014:, a part of Dalmatia and Istria with Trieste and
549:Parts of Istria included in the territory of the
222:) and gradually converting the inland areas into
2042:Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia
955:
872:After this short period, the newly established
3525:"Povijest (Povijest Istre od 1918.- 2000. g.)"
2512:
530:nominally assigned the remaining march to the
280:Plan of the 6th century Byzantine Basilica of
4363:
3623:
2378:
2187:
1609:
945:outlined a wide-ranging project aimed at the
288:In 538/539, Istria was incorporated into the
237:, Istria was incorporated into the region of
8:
3449:Džin, Kristina (2009). Žužić, Mirko (ed.).
3311:
3026:
3014:
2655:Byzantium and the Avars, 6th-9th Century AD
2524:
2461:
1840:border dispute between Croatia and Slovenia
1714:over Istria, according to the terms of the
4940:
4855:
4564:
4486:
4370:
4356:
4348:
4106:
4025:
3911:
3845:
3630:
3616:
3608:
2705:The Barbarian Invasions (Serapis Classics)
2682:. Cambridge University Press. p. 50.
2503:, Kraj Rimske Republike i poÄŤetak Carstva.
2385:
2371:
2205:
2194:
2180:
1849:
1616:
1602:
1025:
633:The inner Istrian part around the town of
418:, which utterly disappeared from history.
233:established in this period. Under Emperor
45:. Please do not remove this message until
4721: Administrative magistracies
3323:
3299:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2600:
2598:
1674:Learn how and when to remove this message
848:Learn how and when to remove this message
609:Holy Roman Empire and the Habsburg Empire
183:. The westernmost extents of their land,
65:Learn how and when to remove this message
3417:. Oxford: Peter Lang. pp. 111–124.
2995:
2980:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2541:
2500:
2485:
2446:
544:
485:
76:
41:Relevant discussion may be found on the
3365:
2434:
2219:
2208:
2154:
1863:
1852:
1750:National Liberation Movement in Croatia
1740:After the capitulation of Italy in the
1039:
1028:
674:after the 1100s, and was passed to the
490:Eastern part of Istria included in the
3267:Stallaerts, Rober (22 December 2009).
2808:. Tourning Club Italiano. p. 356.
2589:
2577:
2565:
660:Pazinska kneĹľija or Pazinska grofovija
2255:Slavic settlement of the Eastern Alps
338:Avaro-Slavic invasions and settlement
7:
2473:
2424:Roman Catholic Diocese of PoreÄŤ-Pula
1891:History of Croatia before the Croats
1656:adding citations to reliable sources
786:adding citations to reliable sources
4696: Judicial magistracies
2804:Bertarelli, Luigi Vittorio (1920).
1733:on a large scale. The organization
4769:Riformatori dello studio di Padova
3485:Vicelja-Matijašić, Marina (2005).
3125:, Le Lettere, Firenze 2004, p. 69.
1838:area is the subject of an ongoing
1776:Istria shortly after World War Two
346:. In the following year (600) the
14:
4734:Provveditori sopra beni communali
4711: Fiscal magistracies
3234:Journal of Modern Italian Studies
3211:Journal of Modern Italian Studies
2399:History of the Republic of Venice
2330:World War II in the Slovene Lands
908:Third Italian War of Independence
902:looked with sympathy towards the
503:History of the Republic of Venice
214:After a series of conflicts, the
4473:
3830:
3595:
3544:"Historic overview-more details"
3270:Historical Dictionary of Croatia
2886:Historical Dictionary of Croatia
2354:
2230:
2163:
1874:
1834:in the Republic of Croatia. The
1795:Yugoslav military administration
1632:
1585:
1050:
762:
705:to Austria, in exchange for the
81:Old coat of arms on the wall of
20:
5072:Historical geography of Croatia
5062:History of the Slovene Littoral
4739:Provveditori sopra beni inculti
2888:. Scarecrow Press. p. 92.
2488:, Histri u kasno Ĺľeljezno doba.
1643:needs additional citations for
773:needs additional citations for
697:(1797), Istria was occupied by
187:, covered the area east of the
4575: Principal organs
3472:Jurkić-Girardi, Vesna (1988).
2781:Yugoslavia: the Adriatic Coast
2335:Socialist Republic of Slovenia
1706:in Paris, Italy was among the
1154:Praetorian prefecture of Italy
926:, Istria remained part of the
1:
5057:Historical geography of Italy
4744:Esecutori contro la bestemmia
4430:Serrata del Maggior Consiglio
2821:Istria, Storia, arte, cultura
2628:De Franceschi, Carlo (1879).
2464:, THE HISTRI AND THE LIBURNI.
2117:Socialist Republic of Croatia
2012:Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)
1811:People's Republic of Slovenia
1264:Byzantine reconquest of Italy
754:Italian irredentism in Istria
695:fall of the Venetian Republic
556:In 1145, the cities of Pula,
492:Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)
264:, and later conquered by the
4917:Venetian commercial shipping
4827:Provveditore Generale da Mar
4043:Gross domestic product (GDP)
3042:(in Italian). Archived from
2958:History of Carniola Volume I
2101:Independent State of Croatia
1807:People's Republic of Croatia
1325:Mid-16th c. to early 19th c.
588:in 1278, Kopar in 1279, and
536:Constantine Porphyrogennetos
330:attacks from the north, and
4434:Wars of expansion in Italy
3738:Personal union with Hungary
3205:Žerjavić, Vladimir (2008).
2884:Stallaerts, Robert (2010).
2653:Kardaras, Georgios (2018).
2047:Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia
736:, established by Napoleon.
629:or Istrian march in orange.
163:Since the 11th century BC,
47:conditions to do so are met
5088:
4822:Captain General of the Sea
4759:Cinque savi alla mercanzia
3973:Chief of the General Staff
3314:, THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA.
3141:(in German). p. 279.
2998:, Razvijeni srednji vijek.
2703:Villari, Pasquale (2017).
2017:Croatian Military Frontier
918:regions were ceded by the
747:
507:Istria was annexed to the
500:
482:Frankish and Venetian rule
5017:
4983:Accademia degli Incogniti
4943:
4858:
4640:Procurators of Saint Mark
4489:
4471:
4309:
4109:
4028:
4007:Security and intelligence
3914:
3848:
3828:
3763:Austrio-Hungarian kingdom
3386:stretched from the river
3246:10.1080/13545710802010990
3228:D'Alessio, Vanni (2008).
2779:Rossiter, Stuart (1969).
1791:Free Territory of Trieste
1696:battle of Vittorio Veneto
1168:Romano-Barbarian Kingdoms
988:Croatian national revival
943:Franz Joseph I of Austria
494:during the reign of king
379:to "travel the length of
304:Lombard invasion of Italy
3919:Administrative divisions
3375:De Administrando Imperio
2632:. G. Coana. p. 76.
2107:Federal State of Croatia
1767:Istrian-Dalmatian exodus
1259:Italy in the Middle Ages
1117:Roman expansion in Italy
532:Patriarchate of Aquileia
398:), which ceased to be a
5067:History of the Slovenes
4948:Scuole Grandi of Venice
3432:Bileta, Vedran (2017).
3409:Bileta, Vedran (2014).
3191:Encyclopædia Britannica
2630:L'Istria, Note Storiche
1821:) on 10 November 1975.
1467:European migrant crisis
1417:Italian Social Republic
1332:Italy (1801–1814)
1289:Guelphs and Ghibellines
928:Austro-Hungarian Empire
720:and, from 1809, of the
662:), with its stronghold
326:attacks from the West,
282:Santa Maria del Canneto
160:, dated to 800,000 BC.
4774:Magistrato alla SanitĂ
4729:Provveditori all'Armar
2848:. Brill. p. 198.
2819:Alberi, Dario (1997).
2678:Curta, Florin (2001).
2554:Vicelja-Matijašić 2005
1825:In independent Croatia
1777:
1746:The Yugoslav Partisans
1150:(286 AD–476 AD)
1080:(12th–6th c. BC)
1074:(18th–3rd c. BC)
979:
869:
683:Treaty of Campo Formio
659:
647:
630:
553:
498:
478:) in the 7th century.
365:Pope Gregory the Great
285:
211:
133:
86:
4800:Conflicts and battles
4764:Magistrato alle pompe
4724:Magistrato alle acque
4689:Correttori alle Leggi
4460:Ottoman–Venetian wars
4425:Venetian–Genoese wars
3773:Kingdom of Yugoslavia
3686:Dalmatian city-states
3480:(1987–1988): 109–114.
3105:13 March 2018 at the
2983:, Rani srednji vijek.
2823:. LINT. p. 936.
2657:. Brill. p. 63.
2079:Kingdom of Yugoslavia
1979:Republic of Dubrovnik
1916:Origins of the Croats
1775:
1731:Kingdom of Yugoslavia
1410:Italy in World War II
1113:(509 BC–27 BC)
1107:(753 BC–509 BC)
1086:(8th–3rd c. BC)
1078:Etruscan civilization
863:
748:Further information:
670:. It was held by the
616:
548:
524:separate markgraviate
489:
279:
202:
167:was inhabited by the
80:
4958:Venetian Renaissance
4714:Camerlenghi di Comun
4506:Domini di Terraferma
4234:World Heritage Sites
3604:at Wikimedia Commons
3100:"Capitolo 1980-1918"
2844:Ĺ tih, Peter (2010).
2783:. Benn. p. 43.
2764:Bekic, Luka (2016).
2707:. Serapis Classics.
2544:, Kasno rimsko doba.
2345:Republic of Slovenia
2129:Contemporary Croatia
1781:Period of Yugoslavia
1755:Paris Peace Treaties
1720:After the advent of
1694:was defeated in the
1652:improve this article
1504:Currency and coinage
1443:(1970s–1980s)
1398:Italy in World War I
1309:(14th–16th c.)
1144:(27 BC–286 AD)
1072:Nuragic civilization
922:to the newly formed
782:improve this article
294:Exarchate of Ravenna
243:Western Roman Empire
4988:Accademia Veneziana
4953:Gothic architecture
4684:Avogadoria de ComĂąn
4053:History of currency
3807:War of Independence
3790:'Independent State'
3548:www.istra-istria.hr
3302:, Poraće (1945–54).
3109:, Capodistria, 2000
3046:on 22 February 2021
2513:Jurkić-Girardi 1988
2361:Slovenia portal
2140:War of independence
2085:Banovina of Croatia
2037:Kingdom of Dalmatia
2032:Kingdom of Slavonia
1984:Republic of Poljica
1906:Ostrogothic Kingdom
1710:, and obtained the
1307:Italian Renaissance
1284:Italian city-states
932:Italian irredentism
868:in the 19th century
797:"History of Istria"
284:, in Pula (Croatia)
208:Roman amphitheatres
34:of this article is
5005:Carnival of Venice
4704:Lords of the Night
4628:Savi di Terraferma
4623:Savi del Consiglio
4613:Signoria of Venice
4589:promissione ducale
4415:Chrysobull of 1082
4380:Republic of Venice
4078:Telecommunications
3812:Croatia since 1995
3797:Socialist Republic
3758:Illyrian Provinces
3748:Republic of Ragusa
3384:Kingdom of Croatia
2580:, p. 100-123.
2568:, p. 111-124.
2556:, p. 185-204.
2515:, p. 109-114.
2409:History of Croatia
2310:Kingdom of Illyria
2305:Illyrian Provinces
2170:Croatia portal
2145:Croatia since 1995
2071:State of Slovenes,
2027:Kingdom of Illyria
2022:Illyrian Provinces
2007:Republic of Venice
1974:Union with Hungary
1969:Kingdom of Croatia
1787:Paris Peace Treaty
1778:
1716:Treaty of Rapallo.
1686:At the end of the
1280:Maritime republics
1266:(6th–8th c.)
1220:Carolingian Empire
870:
864:Istria as part of
722:Illyrian provinces
666:, was part of the
631:
625:shows an adjacent
617:A 1714 map of the
566:Republic of Venice
554:
551:Republic of Venice
499:
436:Kingdom of Croatia
406:. The basilica of
286:
239:Venetia et Histria
212:
87:
5052:History of Istria
5039:
5038:
5013:
5012:
4932:
4931:
4847:
4846:
4672:State Inquisitors
4603:Commune of Venice
4556:
4555:
4345:
4344:
4305:
4304:
4199:Croatian language
4096:
4095:
4015:
4014:
4002:Foreign relations
3992:Political parties
3901:
3900:
3743:Venetian Dalmatia
3664:Origins of Croats
3602:History of Istria
3600:Media related to
3464:978-953-7422-15-8
3457:: Viza MG d.o.o.
3372:In chapter 30 of
3017:, VARIOUS RULERS.
2395:
2394:
2300:Venetian Republic
2295:Duchy of Carniola
2285:March of Carniola
2280:Holy Roman Empire
2204:
2203:
1959:Southern Dalmatia
1785:According to the
1698:and asked for an
1684:
1683:
1676:
1626:
1625:
1473:COVID-19 pandemic
1469:(2014–2016)
1463:(2007–2009)
1457:(1992–2001)
1449:(1986–1992)
1427:(1943–1945)
1425:Italian Civil War
1412:(1940–1945)
1406:(1922–1943)
1400:(1914–1918)
1394:(1882–1960)
1388:(1861–1946)
1360:(1815–1871)
1321:(1545–1648)
1315:(1494–1559)
1276:in southern Italy
1244:
1243:
1235:Holy Roman Empire
1067:Prehistoric Italy
981:There are claims
910:(1866), when the
866:Austrian Littoral
858:
857:
850:
832:
726:Napoleonic Empire
676:House of Habsburg
672:County of Gorizia
668:Holy Roman Empire
619:Duchy of Carniola
564:rose against the
496:Petar Krešimir IV
373:Emperor Heraclius
154:Lower Paleolithic
75:
74:
67:
5079:
5031:
5024:
4941:
4863:Economic history
4856:
4817:Venetian Arsenal
4795:Military history
4779:Grand chancellor
4722:
4712:
4697:
4679:Council of Forty
4633:Savi agli Ordini
4599:(abolished 1423)
4576:
4565:
4526:Venetian Albania
4487:
4477:
4443:Wars in Lombardy
4381:
4372:
4365:
4358:
4349:
4325:
4318:
4107:
4026:
3912:
3846:
3834:
3753:Habsburg kingdom
3723:Medieval kingdom
3632:
3625:
3618:
3609:
3599:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3571:www.academia.edu
3562:
3560:
3559:
3539:
3537:
3536:
3520:
3518:
3517:
3501:
3491:
3481:
3468:
3445:
3428:
3395:
3370:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3350:
3345:. 4 January 2018
3333:
3327:
3321:
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3202:
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3171:
3169:
3163:"Istrian Spring"
3159:
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2956:Dimitz, August.
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2728:Bedina, Andrea.
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2613:Bileta, Vedran.
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2404:History of Italy
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2380:
2373:
2359:
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2357:
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2196:
2189:
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2103:
2087:
2073:Croats and Serbs
1949:Duchy of Croatia
1911:Byzantine Empire
1878:
1868:
1850:
1742:Second World War
1704:peace conference
1679:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1659:
1636:
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1618:
1611:
1604:
1592:Italy portal
1590:
1589:
1588:
1319:Catholic revival
1172:
1171:
1054:
1044:
1026:
983:Istrian Italians
977:
900:Istrian Italians
893:Kingdom of Italy
853:
846:
842:
839:
833:
831:
790:
766:
758:
750:Istrian Italians
642:
540:Croatian Kingdom
509:Frankish kingdom
474:(in present-day
308:Frankish kingdom
299:magister militum
290:Byzantine Empire
272:Byzantine Istria
171:, a prehistoric
85:, central Istria
70:
63:
59:
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4754:Savi all'eresia
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4321:
4314:
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4238:
4214:Public holidays
4158:
4092:
4011:
3958:Law enforcement
3897:
3883:Protected areas
3835:
3826:
3733:Ban of Slavonia
3645:
3636:
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3489:
3484:
3471:
3465:
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3425:
3408:
3404:
3399:
3398:
3390:to the city of
3380:Constantine VII
3371:
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3107:Wayback Machine
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2002:Ottoman Croatia
1997:
1989:
1988:
1964:March of Istria
1939:
1931:
1930:
1886:
1866:
1859:
1848:
1827:
1819:Treaty of Osimo
1783:
1759:Foibe massacres
1692:Austria-Hungary
1688:First World War
1680:
1669:
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1660:
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1169:
1161:
1160:
1100:
1090:
1089:
1062:
1042:
1035:
1024:
1000:First World War
978:
975:
874:Austrian Empire
854:
843:
837:
834:
791:
789:
779:
767:
756:
746:
732:, as a part of
718:Italian Kingdom
691:
689:Napoleonic rule
638:
611:
603:Habsburg Empire
534:. According to
505:
484:
432:Constantine VII
340:
274:
197:
150:
138:Gulf of Trieste
71:
60:
54:
51:
40:
25:
21:
12:
11:
5:
5085:
5083:
5075:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5044:
5043:
5037:
5036:
5034:
5033:
5026:
5018:
5015:
5014:
5011:
5010:
5008:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4991:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4955:
4950:
4944:
4938:
4934:
4933:
4930:
4929:
4927:
4926:
4925:
4924:
4914:
4913:
4912:
4907:
4905:Via Argentaria
4899:
4897:Venetian glass
4894:
4893:
4892:
4890:Banco del Giro
4885:Bank of Venice
4882:
4881:
4880:
4875:
4865:
4859:
4853:
4849:
4848:
4845:
4844:
4842:
4841:
4840:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4809:
4804:
4803:
4802:
4791:
4789:
4785:
4784:
4782:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4717:
4716:
4707:
4706:
4701:
4692:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4675:
4674:
4667:Council of Ten
4664:
4659:
4658:
4657:
4652:
4642:
4637:
4636:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4594:
4593:
4592:
4585:
4571:
4569:
4562:
4558:
4557:
4554:
4553:
4551:
4550:
4549:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4531:Ionian Islands
4528:
4523:
4518:
4508:
4503:
4502:
4501:
4490:
4484:
4480:
4479:
4472:
4470:
4468:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4456:
4455:
4450:
4448:War of Ferrara
4445:
4440:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4420:Fourth Crusade
4417:
4412:
4405:
4404:
4403:
4392:
4390:
4386:
4385:
4377:
4375:
4374:
4367:
4360:
4352:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4334:
4327:
4326:
4319:
4311:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4248:
4246:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4219:Radio stations
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4195:
4194:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4168:
4166:
4160:
4159:
4157:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4110:
4104:
4098:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4073:Stock Exchange
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4029:
4023:
4017:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3988:
3987:
3977:
3976:
3975:
3970:
3960:
3955:
3954:
3953:
3943:
3942:
3941:
3939:Prime Minister
3931:
3926:
3921:
3915:
3909:
3903:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3858:Extreme points
3855:
3849:
3843:
3837:
3836:
3829:
3827:
3825:
3824:
3822:European Union
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3793:
3792:
3782:
3781:
3780:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3728:Ban of Croatia
3725:
3720:
3719:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3693:
3691:Lower Pannonia
3688:
3683:
3681:Medieval duchy
3678:
3677:
3676:
3671:
3661:
3655:
3653:
3647:
3646:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3627:
3620:
3612:
3606:
3605:
3591:
3590:External links
3588:
3586:
3585:
3563:
3540:
3521:
3502:
3482:
3469:
3463:
3446:
3429:
3423:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3355:
3328:
3316:
3304:
3292:
3279:
3259:
3240:(2): 237–258.
3220:
3197:
3185:"Istria"
3175:
3154:
3147:
3127:
3111:
3091:
3079:
3057:
3031:
3019:
3000:
2985:
2973:
2966:
2960:. p. 70.
2948:
2941:
2935:. p. 67.
2916:
2901:
2894:
2876:
2861:
2854:
2836:
2829:
2811:
2806:Le Tre Venezie
2796:
2789:
2771:
2743:
2720:
2713:
2695:
2688:
2670:
2663:
2645:
2638:
2620:
2594:
2592:, p. 111.
2582:
2570:
2558:
2546:
2529:
2517:
2505:
2490:
2478:
2466:
2451:
2449:, Prapovijest.
2433:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2426:
2421:
2419:Italianization
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2389:
2382:
2375:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2350:
2349:
2348:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2325:Drava Banovina
2322:
2320:Venezia Giulia
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2236:
2235:
2227:
2226:
2217:
2216:
2209:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2198:
2191:
2184:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2159:
2158:
2152:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2112:
2111:
2098:
2096:
2089:
2088:
2081:
2076:
2069:
2067:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1954:Lower Pannonia
1951:
1946:
1944:Avar Khaganate
1940:
1937:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1901:Roman Dalmatia
1898:
1896:Roman Pannonia
1893:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1871:
1870:
1861:
1860:
1853:
1847:
1844:
1826:
1823:
1782:
1779:
1763:Italianization
1726:Italianization
1708:winning powers
1682:
1681:
1640:
1638:
1631:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1613:
1606:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1575:
1574:
1567:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1480:
1470:
1464:
1458:
1450:
1438:
1428:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1389:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1343:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1327:
1322:
1316:
1310:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1277:
1267:
1261:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1241:
1240:962–1801
1238:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1148:Western Empire
1145:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1124:
1119:
1108:
1101:
1096:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1081:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1047:
1046:
1037:
1036:
1029:
1023:
1020:
973:
885:Diet of Istria
856:
855:
770:
768:
761:
745:
742:
693:Following the
690:
687:
610:
607:
513:Pepin of Italy
501:Main article:
483:
480:
339:
336:
273:
270:
196:
193:
149:
146:
142:Bay of Kvarner
114:Istro-Romanian
73:
72:
55:September 2017
28:
26:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5084:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5049:
5047:
5032:
5027:
5025:
5020:
5019:
5016:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4960:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4945:
4942:
4939:
4935:
4923:
4920:
4919:
4918:
4915:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4902:
4901:Trade routes
4900:
4898:
4895:
4891:
4888:
4887:
4886:
4883:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4870:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4860:
4857:
4854:
4850:
4838:
4837:Sailing ships
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4813:
4812:Venetian navy
4810:
4808:
4807:Venetian army
4805:
4801:
4798:
4797:
4796:
4793:
4792:
4790:
4786:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4719:
4718:
4715:
4709:
4708:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4694:
4693:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4673:
4670:
4669:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4647:
4646:
4645:Great Council
4643:
4641:
4638:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4620:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4608:Minor Council
4606:
4604:
4601:
4598:
4595:
4591:
4590:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4580:
4579:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4566:
4563:
4559:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4500:
4497:
4496:
4495:
4492:
4491:
4488:
4485:
4481:
4476:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4410:
4409:Pax Nicephori
4406:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4387:
4382:
4373:
4368:
4366:
4361:
4359:
4354:
4353:
4350:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4329:
4324:
4320:
4317:
4313:
4312:
4308:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4249:
4247:
4245:
4241:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4165:
4161:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4129:Ethnic groups
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4111:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4099:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4068:Privatization
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4058:National Bank
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4030:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4018:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3986:
3983:
3982:
3981:
3978:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3968:General Staff
3966:
3965:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3952:
3949:
3948:
3947:
3944:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3904:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3833:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3786:
3783:
3779:
3776:
3775:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3675:
3674:White Croatia
3672:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3633:
3628:
3626:
3621:
3619:
3614:
3613:
3610:
3603:
3598:
3594:
3593:
3589:
3576:
3575:Istria County
3572:
3568:
3564:
3554:on 2007-06-11
3553:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3531:(in Croatian)
3530:
3526:
3522:
3512:(in Croatian)
3511:
3507:
3503:
3500:(1): 185–204.
3499:
3495:
3494:Acta Histriae
3488:
3483:
3479:
3475:
3470:
3466:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3430:
3426:
3424:9783034317511
3420:
3416:
3412:
3407:
3406:
3401:
3393:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3376:
3369:
3366:
3359:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3332:
3329:
3326:, Devedesete.
3325:
3324:Istrapedia II
3320:
3317:
3313:
3308:
3305:
3301:
3300:Istrapedia II
3296:
3293:
3282:
3280:9780810873636
3276:
3272:
3271:
3263:
3260:
3255:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3224:
3221:
3217:(2): 237–258.
3216:
3212:
3208:
3201:
3198:
3193:
3192:
3186:
3179:
3176:
3164:
3158:
3155:
3150:
3144:
3140:
3139:
3131:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3115:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3101:
3095:
3092:
3088:
3083:
3080:
3067:
3061:
3058:
3045:
3041:
3035:
3032:
3029:, FRANK RULE.
3028:
3023:
3020:
3016:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2992:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2977:
2974:
2969:
2967:9781483604091
2963:
2959:
2952:
2949:
2944:
2942:9788804606611
2938:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2925:Oliva, Gianni
2920:
2917:
2912:
2905:
2902:
2897:
2895:9780810873636
2891:
2887:
2880:
2877:
2873:. Glas Istre.
2872:
2865:
2862:
2857:
2855:9789004187702
2851:
2847:
2840:
2837:
2832:
2830:9788881900152
2826:
2822:
2815:
2812:
2807:
2800:
2797:
2792:
2790:9780510025052
2786:
2782:
2775:
2772:
2767:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2744:
2731:
2724:
2721:
2716:
2714:9783963134623
2710:
2706:
2699:
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2689:9781139428880
2685:
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2664:9789004382268
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2639:9788827114476
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2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2414:Istria County
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2388:
2383:
2381:
2376:
2374:
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2366:
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2362:
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2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2315:Inner Austria
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
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2256:
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2243:
2240:
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2225:
2218:
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2207:
2197:
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2178:
2177:
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2171:
2161:
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2141:
2138:
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2126:
2125:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2108:
2102:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2086:
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2077:
2074:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2056:
2055:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1921:White Croatia
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1885:Early history
1882:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1872:
1869:
1862:
1857:
1851:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1836:Gulf of Piran
1833:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1780:
1774:
1770:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1738:
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1732:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1678:
1675:
1667:
1664:December 2015
1657:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1641:This section
1639:
1635:
1630:
1629:
1619:
1614:
1612:
1607:
1605:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1576:
1570:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1489:
1488:
1478:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1441:Years of Lead
1439:
1436:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1347:
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1342:
1339:
1338:
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1336:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1298:
1297:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1239:
1236:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1225:774–962
1224:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1210:568–774
1209:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1200:435–534
1199:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1190:493–553
1189:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1180:476–493
1179:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1165:
1164:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1094:
1093:
1085:
1084:Magna Graecia
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1038:
1033:
1027:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
996:
993:
992:Juraj Dobrila
989:
984:
972:
969:
965:
961:
954:
952:
948:
947:Germanization
944:
939:
937:
933:
929:
925:
924:Kingdom Italy
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
896:
894:
890:
886:
881:
879:
875:
867:
862:
852:
849:
841:
830:
827:
823:
820:
816:
813:
809:
806:
802:
799: –
798:
794:
793:Find sources:
787:
783:
777:
776:
771:This section
769:
765:
760:
759:
755:
751:
744:Austrian rule
743:
741:
737:
735:
734:Civil Croatia
731:
727:
723:
719:
714:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
688:
686:
684:
679:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
636:
628:
624:
623:Johann Homann
620:
615:
608:
606:
604:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
552:
547:
543:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
520:
518:
514:
510:
504:
497:
493:
488:
481:
479:
477:
473:
469:
464:
463:August Dimitz
460:
456:
451:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
419:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
388:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
353:
349:
345:
337:
335:
333:
329:
325:
320:
316:
311:
309:
305:
301:
300:
295:
291:
283:
278:
271:
269:
267:
263:
258:
256:
252:
246:
244:
240:
236:
231:
227:
226:
221:
217:
210:in the world.
209:
205:
201:
194:
192:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
161:
159:
155:
147:
145:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
84:
79:
69:
66:
58:
48:
44:
38:
37:
33:
27:
18:
17:
4963:Architecture
4910:Via de Zenta
4618:Full College
4587:
4511:Stato da MĂ r
4453:Italian Wars
4438:War of Padua
4407:
4262:Coat of arms
4257:Checkerboard
4172:Architecture
4119:Demographics
3946:Human rights
3924:Constitution
3802:Independence
3785:World War II
3669:White Croats
3578:. Retrieved
3570:
3556:. Retrieved
3552:the original
3547:
3533:. Retrieved
3528:
3514:. Retrieved
3509:
3497:
3493:
3477:
3450:
3441:
3437:
3414:
3402:Bibliography
3373:
3368:
3347:. Retrieved
3340:
3331:
3319:
3307:
3295:
3284:. Retrieved
3269:
3262:
3237:
3233:
3223:
3214:
3210:
3200:
3189:
3178:
3166:. Retrieved
3157:
3137:
3130:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3094:
3086:
3082:
3070:. Retrieved
3068:(in Italian)
3060:
3048:. Retrieved
3044:the original
3034:
3022:
2996:Istrapedia I
2981:Istrapedia I
2976:
2957:
2951:
2928:
2919:
2910:
2904:
2885:
2879:
2864:
2845:
2839:
2820:
2814:
2805:
2799:
2780:
2774:
2765:
2734:. Retrieved
2723:
2704:
2698:
2679:
2673:
2654:
2648:
2629:
2623:
2614:
2585:
2573:
2561:
2549:
2542:Istrapedia I
2520:
2508:
2501:Istrapedia I
2486:Istrapedia I
2481:
2476:, p. 7.
2469:
2447:Istrapedia I
2290:Windic March
2265:Samo's Realm
2248: /
2244: /
2135:Independence
2094:World War II
2059:20th century
1926:White Croats
1828:
1784:
1739:
1719:
1685:
1670:
1661:
1650:Please help
1645:verification
1642:
1578:
1568:
1476:
1475:(2020–
1452:
1434:
1433:(1946–
1357:Risorgimento
1355:
1313:Italian Wars
1301:Early modern
1132:
1126:
1098:Ancient Rome
997:
980:
971:established.
956:
940:
936:Risorgimento
904:Risorgimento
897:
882:
871:
844:
838:January 2023
835:
825:
818:
811:
804:
792:
780:Please help
775:verification
772:
738:
715:
692:
680:
664:Pazin Castle
652:Pazin County
632:
626:
601:part of the
582:Sveti LovreÄŤ
555:
521:
516:
506:
455:Gianni Oliva
452:
420:
399:
389:
377:Pope John IV
368:
341:
312:
302:. After the
297:
287:
259:
247:
223:
213:
195:Roman Istria
162:
151:
125:
109:
101:
89:
88:
83:Pazin Castle
61:
52:
30:
4277:Decorations
3768:World War I
3696:Red Croatia
3659:Prehistoric
3342:Irish Times
2590:Bileta 2017
2578:Bileta 2017
2566:Bileta 2014
2340:Ten-Day War
2221:History of
2065:World War I
1938:Middle Ages
1865:History of
1499:Citizenship
1454:Mani pulite
1367:Young Italy
1186:Ostrogothic
1122:Roman Italy
1041:History of
1012:South Tyrol
960:South Tyrol
951:Slavization
707:Netherlands
268:in 489 AD.
5046:Categories
4650:Patriciate
4568:Government
4229:Television
4204:Literature
4139:Healthcare
3980:Parliament
3934:Government
3893:Topography
3701:Narentines
3580:2018-12-19
3558:2022-12-03
3535:2015-12-10
3529:Istrapedia
3516:2015-12-10
3510:Istrapedia
3451:Arena Pula
3444:: 100–123.
3349:2018-12-20
3286:2018-10-10
3168:24 October
3148:3484311347
2732:. Treccani
2430:References
2270:Carantania
1712:suzerainty
1447:Maxi Trial
1330:Napoleonic
808:newspapers
648:Mitterburg
627:Histereich
519:autonomy.
266:Ostrogoths
253:and other
225:latifundia
204:Pula Arena
189:Raša River
181:Liburnians
148:Prehistory
32:neutrality
4995:Bucentaur
4968:Humanists
4583:Dogaressa
4483:Geography
4287:Interlace
4144:Languages
4124:Education
4088:Transport
3997:Elections
3929:President
3878:Mountains
3841:Geography
3716:Kanalites
3706:Zachlumia
3478:Balcanica
3254:145797119
2933:Mondadori
2736:2 January
2730:"Gisulfo"
2474:DĹľin 2009
1996:Modernity
1803:Slovenian
1700:armistice
1421:Partisans
1176:Odoacer's
1134:Optimates
1128:Populares
998:With the
990:. Bishop
920:Austrians
711:Lombardia
678:in 1365.
650:), named
640:‹See Tfd›
605:in 1374.
584:in 1271,
580:in 1270,
576:in 1269,
572:in 1267,
404:Nesactium
390:Fianona (
369:Sclavenes
255:provinces
43:talk page
5023:Category
4978:Painting
4788:Military
4699:Auditors
4561:Politics
4521:Dalmatia
4499:Sestieri
4401:Timeline
4332:Category
4149:Religion
4134:Genetics
4063:The euro
4048:Industry
3963:Military
3907:Politics
3778:Banovina
3711:Travunia
3643:articles
3103:Archived
3050:25 April
2927:(2011).
2275:Carneola
2250:Pannonia
2223:Slovenia
2212:a series
2210:Part of
2156:Timeline
1856:a series
1854:Part of
1846:See also
1832:counties
1809:and the
1580:Timeline
1544:Military
1492:By topic
1431:Republic
1415:Fascist
1386:Monarchy
1341:Republic
1253:Medieval
1231:Germanic
1216:Frankish
1111:Republic
1032:a series
1030:Part of
1004:Adriatic
974:—
968:Littoral
964:Dalmatia
703:Dalmatia
699:Napoleon
656:Croatian
578:Novigrad
528:Henry IV
517:de facto
476:Slovenia
444:Slovenia
424:Novigrad
396:Gračišće
381:Dalmatia
357:Lombards
251:Pannonia
245:in 476.
235:Augustus
230:Illyrian
185:Liburnia
177:Iron Age
173:Illyrian
140:and the
122:Venetian
94:Croatian
36:disputed
4937:Culture
4868:Coinage
4852:Economy
4749:Censori
4396:History
4389:History
4316:Outline
4267:Costume
4244:Symbols
4187:Cuisine
4164:Culture
4102:Society
4083:Tourism
4021:Economy
3985:Speaker
3873:Mammals
3863:Islands
3853:Climate
3651:History
3639:Croatia
2246:Noricum
1867:Croatia
1722:Fascism
1564:Railway
1559:Postage
1534:Judaism
1524:Genetic
1514:Fashion
1509:Economy
1477:present
1435:present
1404:Fascism
1346:Kingdom
1274:Normans
1206:Lombard
1105:Kingdom
1016:Gorizia
889:Italian
878:Trieste
822:scholar
730:Croatia
724:of the
586:Motovun
472:Trieste
448:Hungary
440:Croatia
428:Valtura
400:castrum
344:Ravenna
328:Slovene
324:Lombard
262:Odoacer
134:Histria
118:Italian
110:Eîstria
106:Istriot
98:Slovene
4662:Senate
4597:Concio
4536:Cyprus
4516:Istria
4494:Dogado
4383:
4337:Portal
4252:Anthem
4182:Cinema
4114:Croats
4038:Energy
4033:Brands
3888:Rivers
3641:
3461:
3455:Zagreb
3421:
3388:Cetina
3277:
3252:
3145:
3072:2 June
2964:
2939:
2892:
2852:
2827:
2787:
2711:
2686:
2661:
2636:
2214:on the
1858:on the
1799:London
1380:Modern
1196:Vandal
1142:Empire
1034:on the
1008:London
916:Friuli
912:Veneto
824:
817:
810:
803:
795:
644:German
598:Plomin
594:Rovinj
459:Romans
402:, and
392:Plomin
385:Istria
361:Friuli
216:Romans
169:Histri
165:Istria
126:Istria
90:Istria
5030:Index
4973:Music
4878:Zecca
4832:Ranks
4655:Zonta
4546:Morea
4541:Crete
4323:Index
4297:Names
4292:Motto
4282:Flags
4272:Crown
4224:Sport
4209:Music
4154:Women
3868:Lakes
3490:(PDF)
3392:Labin
3360:Notes
3250:S2CID
2260:Avars
2242:Italy
1815:Osimo
1549:Music
1519:Flags
1270:Islam
1061:Early
1043:Italy
1022:Italy
898:Many
829:JSTOR
815:books
635:Pazin
590:Piran
570:PoreÄŤ
562:Izola
558:Koper
468:Karst
416:Pliny
412:Žminj
408:Vrsar
352:Slavs
348:Avars
332:Croat
319:Slavs
315:Avars
130:Latin
102:Istra
5000:Flag
4922:Muda
4873:Lira
4578:Doge
4465:Fall
4192:Wine
3951:LGBT
3817:NATO
3459:ISBN
3419:ISBN
3275:ISBN
3170:2022
3143:ISBN
3074:2021
3052:2024
2962:ISBN
2937:ISBN
2890:ISBN
2850:ISBN
2825:ISBN
2785:ISBN
2738:2023
2709:ISBN
2684:ISBN
2659:ISBN
2634:ISBN
1735:TIGR
1554:Name
1539:LGBT
1423:and
1282:and
1272:and
1131:and
966:and
914:and
801:news
752:and
709:and
592:and
574:Umag
560:and
442:and
383:and
350:and
317:and
220:Pula
158:Pula
120:and
96:and
29:The
4177:Art
3242:doi
1654:by
949:or
784:by
621:by
511:by
5048::
3573:.
3569:.
3546:.
3527:.
3508:.
3498:13
3496:.
3492:.
3476:.
3453:.
3442:11
3440:.
3436:.
3413:.
3378:,
3339:.
3248:.
3238:13
3236:.
3232:.
3215:13
3213:.
3209:.
3188:.
3003:^
2988:^
2931:.
2746:^
2597:^
2532:^
2493:^
2454:^
2437:^
1842:.
1744:,
1690:,
1419:,
1018:.
962:,
713:.
685:.
658::
646::
542:.
310:.
191:.
132::
128:,
124::
116:,
112:;
108::
104:;
100::
4371:e
4364:t
4357:v
3631:e
3624:t
3617:v
3583:.
3561:.
3538:.
3519:.
3467:.
3427:.
3352:.
3289:.
3256:.
3244::
3172:.
3151:.
3076:.
3054:.
2970:.
2945:.
2898:.
2858:.
2833:.
2793:.
2740:.
2717:.
2692:.
2667:.
2642:.
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2372:v
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2181:v
1817:(
1677:)
1671:(
1666:)
1662:(
1648:.
1617:e
1610:t
1603:v
1479:)
1437:)
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1233:(
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1218:(
851:)
845:(
840:)
836:(
826:·
819:·
812:·
805:·
778:.
654:(
637:(
92:(
68:)
62:(
57:)
53:(
49:.
39:.
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