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418:, which reaffirmed the thesis of Rosario as a "self-made-city", born after the modern capitalist fashion and developed by its own people's work, in contrast with other cities (like Santa Fe) with a traditional, colonial, aristocratic past. (The largest public library in the city now bears the name of
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The province of Santa Fe greatly suffered the civil war that afflicted
Argentina after 1820. Demographic growth was relatively slow. During this period, Rosario was a small settlement and a stop in the way from Santa Fe City to Buenos Aires. In 1823 it was elevated to the category of "village"
457:, and was triggered in part by the murder of a student by the police, and the repression of labour unions, combined with a general unrest throughout the country. During the September episode, the police were overwhelmed by at least 100,000 protesters, who took the resistance to the peripheric
608:) lacking toilets, running water and other essential services. These shantytowns have always existed in modern times, but they increased in area and population during this period, often augmented by internal migration (residents of poorer regions of the country, particularly
573:
The 1990s were the years of the Menem administration. While macroeconomy was healthy and prices stabilized, after a few years of improvement the situation in
Rosario turned to the worse, as the industrial sector of the city was dismantled by competition from cheap
593:
Following the decline of much of the city's once extensive industry, as well as the lack of international competitiveness of agricultural products that make the bulk of production in the region, much of
Rosario's population fell under the
170:. The city did not have a clear foundation date or any official acknowledgement thereof. In 1689, captain Luis Romero de Pineda received part of the lands of the Pago de los Arroyos by royal decree, as payment for services to the
554:(over 3,000%) caused an economic collapse of the country in 1989. In Rosario, protests against the price rises and lack of supplies, coupled with general social discontent and the influence of extremist elements, ended up in
446:
After the fall of Perón in 1955, Rosario experienced the hardships of dictatorial rule. In May and
September 1969 workers and students massively took the streets to protest against the dictatorship of President
303:
justified the request at the provincial legislative body, marking the geographically strategic position of the town for national and international trade, and on 5 August
Rosario was formally declared a city.
558:
to supermarkets and other businesses, which then spread to other large cities. Between 26 May and 29 May police repression officially caused 14 casualties in
Rosario. President Alfonsín declared a
387:
The population doubled again in about ten years, and yet again in less than two decades; by 1926 Rosario had 407,000 inhabitants, 47% of them foreign, many brought from Europe in the wake of
653:, Rosario's economic situation has improved. It is the fastest growing city in Argentina, a situation which is improving living conditions. The massive boom in agricultural exports (mainly
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In the last 15 years of the 19th century, the city more than doubled in population. Demographic growth took its toll of bad living conditions, epidemics of contagious diseases such as
716:) who was re-elected. This administration is facing a deficit crisis as well as a security one. Rosario is now known in Argentina as "The Drug Capital of Argentina" and NarcoCity.
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and investment in
Rosario, which is also receiving more small-scale tourism than ever. Among the businesses which have opened (or re-opened) in the city, there are two large
621:
In
December 2001, at the peak of the economic recession, poor and unemployed people in Rosario (as in other major cities) again took to looting. Police repression in the
51:
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now carries his name). Rosario was indeed declared the federal capital in three occasions, but each time the law received a veto of the
Executive Branch (once by
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in 1751. The area of control of this local government extended northward from today's
Rosario; only in 1784 was it divided into two smaller jurisdictions.
616:, dates from 1996; it indicated the presence of 91 precarious settlements, with 115,000 inhabitants (10% of the population of the metropolitan area).
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420:
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During part of the second half of the 19th century there was a movement promoting that the city of Rosario become the capital of the republic.
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In 1724 another colonial settlement was initiated by Santiago de Montenegro, who set up a mill, drew plans for the future town, built a
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voted for him in the presidential elections. Thus Rosario got the nickname of "Capital of Peronism". It received the benefits of the
73:
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on the shores of the Paraná, for the first time. Because of this, Rosario is known as the "Cradle of the Argentine Flag". The
299:, triumphant Urquiza wrote to the governor of Santa Fe on 9 June 1852 asking for Rosario to be granted city status. Governor
694:
463:. The Army was given the order to intervene, and violently suffocated the opposition until regaining control of the city.
693:(from 2005 on), with new neighbourhoods sprouting from formerly underdeveloped areas (such as the north-west, near the
213:. The area was still so scarcely populated that it had no central authority; it was ruled from the provincial capital (
34:
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689:
adds up to more than 1.1 million. A wave of suburban development has been triggered by a recent spike in the price of
107:
411:
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On 25 December 1851, a small group of locals and the military guard of the city declared their support for the rival
44:
38:
30:
566:), suspending constitutional guarantees, and on 12 June he resigned, leaving office in the hands of president elect
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produced an uprising in 1903, and the party won in the first elections under the new secret compulsory voting law.
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and an industrial, commercial and cultural center. It grew from its humble origins to be the third most populated
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caused great floods in the north of the city in 1986. After several years, popular pressure achieved the goal of
55:
324:
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through the area in 1832 and described Rosario as "a large town" with about 2,000 residents. In 1841
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was killed by the police for the first time in Rosario. The city then became a major outpost for
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Rosario was born at the beginning of the 17th century. At the time it was known as
99:
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of many industries, and the more favourable labour laws passed by the government.
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Urquiza opened up the river for free international trade. The city's economy and
192:. These missions were ultimately attacked and destroyed by hostile tribes of the
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740:(in Spanish) - History of Rosario at the Municipality's official website.
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in the Rosario area reached 21.1%, the highest in Argentina at the time.
273:
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327:, who brought new ideas from Europe and started turning Rosario into a
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expanded at an accelerated rate. By 1880, Rosario had become the first
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A plaque showing the resting place of the ancient settlers, beside the
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Peatonal Córdoba and Corrientes Ave., at Rosario central district.
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caused 8 casualties in the city, notably that of social activist
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Romero de Pineda established the first permanent settlement, an
756:
598:. Since then, a sizable proportion of the population lives in
528:
395:, and among them, a majority from the north-western region of
15:
746:
De la autonomía a la integración - Santa Fe entre 1820 y 1853
682:, the city of Rosario has about 910,000 inhabitants, and the
497:
In 1983 Argentina returned to democratic rule. About 400,000
323:. By 1887 it had about 50,000 inhabitants, of which 40% were
531:
and piping the stream to avoid future problems of the kind.
478:(started in 1976), hundreds of citizens were killed or "
98:, about 300 km upstream from the Argentine capital
657:
products) in the province has caused a large amount of
470:
An illegal detention center in Rosario, now a memorial.
612:). The last official survey, a study conducted by the
586:
stagnated. In 1995 (the year of Menem's reelection)
174:. Before that, the area was originally inhabited by
348:, was one of the strongest defenders of this idea (
205:, intended as farmland, not as a town. In 1719 the
431:'s rise to power on a populistic platform; 58% of
547:beside a railway track, in north-eastern Rosario.
311:Rosario's old Customs Office, on Belgrano Avenue.
509:, which won locally (with the election of Mayor
406:The National Flag Memorial, inaugurated in 1957.
43:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
486:government. Rosario hosted some matches of the
281:which banned navigation of the Paraná and the
342:, founder of the oldest Argentine newspaper,
295:. As a reward for their participation in the
8:
74:Learn how and when to remove this message
759:(Digital Map with located old photos).
421:Biblioteca Argentina Dr. Juan Álvarez
7:
427:In 1946 Rosario massively supported
209:bought another part and established
738:Municipalidad de Rosario - Historia
350:one of the main avenues in Rosario
217:), and in turn from Buenos Aires.
14:
285:rivers to non-Argentine vessels.
331:city (contrasting with the more
254:Ilustre y Fiel Villa del Rosario
20:
476:National Reorganization Process
633:Recovery and current situation
451:. This was later known as the
277:and Governor of Buenos Aires,
231:On February 27, 1812, General
166:and others, emptying into the
1:
778:History of Santa Fe Province
708:) of Rosario as of 2024 is
794:
750:Nueva Historia de Santa Fe
645:Since the recovery of the
410:In 1943 the local scholar
358:Domingo Faustino Sarmiento
335:, aristocratic Santa Fe).
321:export outlet of Argentina
614:Municipal Bank Foundation
235:raised the newly created
154:, that is, "land of the
29:This article includes a
582:) and the agricultural
570:six months in advance.
513:) and nationally (with
488:Football World Cup 1978
329:politically progressive
114:and the largest in the
90:Map of Rosario in 1858.
58:more precise citations.
676:According to the 2001
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247:Rosario becomes a city
241:National Flag Memorial
147:
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744:Griselda B. Tarragó,
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578:(favoured by the low
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293:Justo José de Urquiza
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89:
726:History of Argentina
391:. Most of them were
279:Juan Manuel de Rosas
243:marks the occasion.
224:, and was appointed
94:Rosario lies by the
623:December 2001 riots
580:fixed exchange rate
507:Radical Civic Union
501:attended the final
449:Juan Carlos Onganía
377:Radical Civic Union
271:by a decree of the
211:Estancia San Miguel
152:Pago de los Arroyos
649:that followed the
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560:state of emergency
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511:Horacio Usandizaga
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416:History of Rosario
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313:
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31:list of references
773:Rosario, Santa Fe
687:metropolitan area
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659:consumer spending
556:riots and looting
297:Battle of Caseros
128:flag of Argentina
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752:, vol. 5 (2006).
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647:national economy
414:wrote a seminal
267:was shut off to
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258:Charles Darwin
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424:in homage.)
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412:Juan Álvarez
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383:20th century
365:tuberculosis
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340:Ovidio Lagos
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333:conservative
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184:, a kind of
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130:in Rosario.
126:created the
104:a major port
100:Buenos Aires
96:Paraná River
93:
70:
64:October 2011
61:
50:Please help
42:
691:real estate
480:disappeared
474:During the
441:subsidizing
389:World War I
190:Franciscans
188:founded by
181:reducciones
56:introducing
767:Categories
706:intendente
429:Juan Perón
345:La Capital
325:immigrants
317:population
178:tribes in
671:El Portal
515:President
499:rosarinos
482:" by the
454:Rosariazo
433:rosarinos
373:anarchist
261:travelled
176:Calchaquí
144:Cathedral
112:Argentina
720:See also
712:(of the
503:campaign
494:abuses.
484:de facto
290:caudillo
283:Paraguay
274:caudillo
265:its port
215:Santa Fe
202:estancia
186:missions
120:Santa Fe
116:province
102:; it is
732:Sources
695:airport
655:soybean
584:exports
576:imports
529:damming
460:barrios
397:Liguria
393:Italian
207:Jesuits
156:streams
134:Origins
52:improve
678:census
369:strike
222:chapel
162:, the
702:Mayor
226:mayor
194:Chaco
37:, or
700:The
669:and
523:The
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