210:
2013, the
General National Congress began a funding initiative to send students to study overseas. The program had chosen 2,004 educators with master's degrees and 5,692 students to complete their education abroad at its inception, with plans to send another 3,616 top students over the coming years and to provide another 31,000 students with English language training. Initially, the fund gave scholarships to students who fought in militias during the civil war, but was later expanded to allow women and handicapped students to receive scholarships as well.
715:
74:(GDP). Although no figures were found for government expenditures on education, Libyan television announced on September 1, 2004, that a new ministry for education had been formed, the General People's Committee for Higher Education. As of 2005, the quality of the education system in Libya has been ranked 110 out of 111 countries.
209:
in order to facilitate efforts to modernize the institutions established in the 1970s and 1980s and overhaul vocational education in Libya. TVET UK agreed to work with UK based suppliers to set up workshops in Libya to prepare the transition of skilled works into new private sector industries. In May
196:
Following the 2011 civil war, the new education ministry began efforts to rewrite curricula. New curricula and texts began implementation in
January 2012. Under the interim regime, efforts have been made to remove Gadiffi's influence from all levels education until it can be addressed appropriately.
138:
of various government institutions. The book was a central part of the Libyan curriculum for primary and secondary education under his regime. Students from ages 9 to 18 were required to study
Gaddafi's government in classes referred to as "Jamahiriya studies". Jamahiriya covered various aspects of
81:
were between 50 and 60 percent, or about 70 percent for men and 35 percent for women, but the gender gap has since narrowed, especially because of increased female school attendance. For 2001 the United
Nations Development Programme's Human Development Report estimates that the adult literacy rate
155:
Starting in 1972, the number of teacher training schools increased as well as enrollment in vocational schools. There was a large increase in students pursuing post-secondary education in both universities and in the technical and vocational sector. In 1975, there were only two universities and
200:
Under the
Gaddafi regime, vocational education was tailored largely for domestic, public sector jobs. Efforts to shift focus in vocational towards private sector jobs and improved international relations became an important issue for the new government in Libya. In 2013, the Libyan Board for
115:, on December 15, 1955. The "Al-Manar" palace was assigned to be the first campus of the University. The university originally hired faculty from outside of Libya, and relied on the Egyptian government to pay the many staff members' salaries for the first four years.
82:
climbed to about 80.8 percent, or 91.3 percent for males and 69.3 percent for females. According to 2004 U.S. government estimates, 82 percent of the total adult population (age 15 and older) is literate, or 92 percent of males and 72 percent of females. The
42:
for three additional years (15- to 18-year-olds). About 60 percent of students are assigned to a vocational secondary program, while the remaining 40 percent are assigned to a more academic-focused secondary program, based on test scores and interests. Under
143:
reported that students would study the Green Book for two hours each week in 1993. Other subjects also integrated these political philosophies, such as
Geography texts denying current national borders to promote
164:
helped establish the
Ministry of Technical and Vocational training, which oversaw trade schools and secondary-level vocational programs. That year, Gaddafi also asked Dr. Saleh Ibrahim to create Libya's first
159:
By the 1980s, Libya's government realized it could not meet the demands for skilled workers and post-secondary educators, and began reforms to help meet these demands. In 1988, then secretary of education
156:
around 13,418 students enrolled in post-secondary education. By 2004, there were nine universities and 84 technical and vocational schools with over 270,000 post-secondary students.
1186:
816:
1108:
118:
The
Kingdom of Libya founded many new institutions and revived many old ones. These institutions included koranic schools and were largely religious in nature.
1331:
59:
About 766,807 students in 2000 attended primary school and had 97,334 teachers; approximately 717,000 students were enrolled in secondary, technical, and
1171:
801:
1191:
682:
584:
197:
Acting education minister
Suliman El-Sahli stated the ministry hopes "All historical eras will be presented objectively, without propaganda".
843:
828:
139:
Libya's government, either taken directly from the Green Book or compiled from the Green Book into various companion texts. British author
83:
1416:
620:
1101:
435:
702:
692:
853:
131:
48:
1061:
838:
1206:
672:
527:
368:
1489:
848:
823:
640:
182:
64:
1094:
833:
1515:
755:
202:
1442:
1485:
1246:
911:
811:
577:
1481:
1356:
1346:
1151:
735:
256:
1361:
1251:
1181:
1010:
934:
714:
181:
in 2011 resulted in a delay to the start of the next year's classes on all levels which drew criticism for the
1421:
1341:
1306:
1291:
1276:
1231:
1166:
906:
740:
697:
178:
1472:
1468:
1459:
1450:
1296:
667:
615:
166:
71:
1446:
1396:
1371:
1221:
1216:
1196:
1161:
1146:
1028:
975:
939:
901:
863:
770:
570:
190:
161:
478:
90:
estimated that as high 99.9 percent literacy rates among youths ages 15 to 24 for both sexes in 2012.
1381:
1351:
1336:
1321:
1311:
1301:
1266:
1261:
1211:
1156:
1131:
929:
896:
868:
645:
635:
555:
Mohammed Faraj Dghaim, "Al Jami'a Al Libiya fi Eidi'a Al
Khamseen: Safha Mushriqa fi tarikh Libia",
149:
1391:
1386:
1326:
1281:
1241:
1136:
1117:
858:
630:
253:
148:
beliefs. In order to enforce these views, all curriculum designers were required to be part of the
108:
1366:
1316:
1256:
1236:
1226:
1201:
1141:
949:
806:
765:
750:
745:
723:
60:
500:
185:. It also drew attention several faults in the education system under Gaddafi. According to the
1376:
1286:
1176:
1023:
1015:
995:
789:
775:
650:
452:
431:
427:
420:
31:
206:
17:
1054:
963:
944:
884:
677:
602:
135:
104:
39:
985:
924:
660:
625:
320:
140:
127:
1070:
1035:
1005:
1000:
1509:
990:
760:
655:
610:
262:
1075:
916:
186:
47:, primary and secondary education focused on his treatise on political philosophy,
249:
169:, which by 2004 had trained 80 percent of Libya's post-secondary teaching staff.
376:
294:
145:
130:'s rule in Libya was defined by his treatise on political philosophy, known as
70:
In 2001 public expenditures on education amounted to about 2.7 percent of the
230:
Hanley, Delinda C. (March 2001). "Libya Invests in Its People's Education".
193:
felt that the Gaddafi regime had provided them with low quality education.
112:
78:
44:
1086:
152:, local committees dedicated to the interpretation of the Green Book.
403:
Gillis, Clare Morgana (May 2012). "End of History in the New Libya".
87:
38:
between the ages of 6 and 15 attend primary school and then attend
687:
593:
86:
recorded about an 89.9 percent adult literacy rate in 2014, while
35:
261:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1090:
566:
426:(First ed.). New York: Carroll & Graf. pp.
107:
decreed the creation of its first modern university, the
562:
103:
Despite the poor economic situation in the 1950s, the
51:, with older students studying "Jamahiriya studies".
1430:
1405:
1124:
962:
883:
788:
722:
601:
419:
34:, which is both free and compulsory. Children in
501:"Helping to build the New Libya | TVET UK News"
63:; and about 287,172 students were enrolled in
1102:
578:
559:, No. 10, Al-fateh 2005, Al Fateh University.
8:
201:Technical and Vocational Education signed a
1109:
1095:
1087:
968:
889:
794:
728:
585:
571:
563:
528:"Libya scholarships to send 40,000 abroad"
453:"Education in Libya: A Point of Concern"
398:
396:
394:
362:
360:
232:Washington Report on Middle East Affairs
225:
223:
234:. Vol. 20, no. 2. p. 58.
219:
77:In the early 1980s, estimates of total
301:. United Nations Development Programme
7:
274:
272:
245:
243:
241:
84:United Nations Development Programme
621:Islamic Tripolitania and Cyrenaica
479:"Education in Libya After Gaddafi"
295:"Human Development Reports: Libya"
25:
477:Duncan, Don (November 11, 2011).
321:"At a Glance: Libya (Statistics)"
1417:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
1187:Democratic Republic of the Congo
713:
373:World Education News and Reviews
99:The Kingdom of Libya (1951–1969)
817:Foreign relations under Gaddafi
451:Khan, Umar N. (March 1, 2012).
173:Post-Gaddafi Era (2011–present)
526:Custer, Sarah (May 13, 2013).
354:Mohammed Faraj Dghaim, p. 106.
345:Mohammed Faraj Dghaim, p. 105.
1:
824:Government of National Accord
183:National Transitional Council
18:History of education in Libya
829:Government of National Unity
481:. Public Radio International
281:Libya Continuity and Change
203:memorandum of understanding
1532:
422:Gadaffi: The Desert Mystic
134:and belief in an eventual
122:Gaddafi Regime (1969–2011)
1048:
971:
892:
797:
731:
711:
507:. TVET UK. April 26, 2013
418:Tremlett, George (1993).
367:Clark, Nick (July 2004).
257:Federal Research Division
1172:Central African Republic
935:National Oil Corporation
854:House of Representatives
428:208, 210, 214, 217, 220
72:gross domestic product
1332:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
1192:Republic of the Congo
849:High Council of State
250:Libya country profile
191:University of Tripoli
930:Great Man-Made River
834:Presidential Council
646:Italian Tripolitania
641:Italian colonization
369:"Education in Libya"
65:Libya's universities
1407:States with limited
1118:Education in Africa
683:Libya under Gaddafi
631:Hospitaller Tripoli
254:Library of Congress
167:postgraduate school
109:University of Libya
1516:Education in Libya
844:Head of government
379:on 8 February 2013
189:, students at the
162:Maatouq M. Maatouq
61:vocational schools
28:Education in Libya
1503:
1502:
1434:other territories
1207:Equatorial Guinea
1084:
1083:
1044:
1043:
958:
957:
879:
878:
812:Foreign relations
784:
783:
673:Allied occupation
651:Italian Cyrenaica
557:Al Jamei Magazine
283:. pp. 65–66.
279:St John, Ronald.
126:Education during
32:primary education
16:(Redirected from
1523:
1495:
1494:(United Kingdom)
1490:Tristan da Cunha
1486:Ascension Island
1478:
1465:
1456:
1432:Dependencies and
1125:Sovereign states
1111:
1104:
1097:
1088:
1064:
1057:
969:
920:
890:
795:
729:
717:
587:
580:
573:
564:
543:
542:
540:
538:
523:
517:
516:
514:
512:
497:
491:
490:
488:
486:
474:
468:
467:
465:
463:
457:The Tripoli Post
448:
442:
441:
425:
415:
409:
408:
400:
389:
388:
386:
384:
375:. Archived from
364:
355:
352:
346:
343:
337:
336:
334:
332:
317:
311:
310:
308:
306:
291:
285:
284:
276:
267:
247:
236:
235:
227:
179:Libyan Civil War
136:decentralization
105:Kingdom of Libya
40:secondary school
21:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1476:
1463:
1454:
1435:
1433:
1426:
1410:
1408:
1401:
1120:
1115:
1085:
1080:
1067:
1060:
1053:
1040:
1011:Public holidays
954:
918:
875:
780:
718:
709:
703:2014–2020
661:Libyan genocide
626:Spanish Tripoli
597:
591:
552:
547:
546:
536:
534:
525:
524:
520:
510:
508:
499:
498:
494:
484:
482:
476:
475:
471:
461:
459:
450:
449:
445:
438:
417:
416:
412:
402:
401:
392:
382:
380:
366:
365:
358:
353:
349:
344:
340:
330:
328:
319:
318:
314:
304:
302:
293:
292:
288:
278:
277:
270:
248:
239:
229:
228:
221:
216:
175:
141:George Tremlett
128:Muammar Gaddafi
124:
101:
96:
57:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1529:
1527:
1519:
1518:
1508:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1479:
1466:
1457:
1443:Canary Islands
1439:
1438:
1436:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1419:
1413:
1411:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1106:
1099:
1091:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1066:
1065:
1058:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
972:
966:
960:
959:
956:
955:
953:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
914:
909:
907:Communications
904:
899:
893:
887:
881:
880:
877:
876:
874:
873:
872:
871:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
820:
819:
809:
804:
798:
792:
786:
785:
782:
781:
779:
778:
773:
768:
766:Municipalities
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
732:
726:
720:
719:
712:
710:
708:
707:
706:
705:
700:
690:
688:State of Libya
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
664:
663:
658:
653:
648:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
607:
605:
599:
598:
592:
590:
589:
582:
575:
567:
561:
560:
551:
548:
545:
544:
532:thepienews.com
518:
505:www.tvetuk.org
492:
469:
443:
436:
410:
405:Foreign Policy
390:
356:
347:
338:
312:
286:
268:
259:(April 2005).
237:
218:
217:
215:
212:
205:with UK based
174:
171:
150:lijan thawriya
132:the Green Book
123:
120:
100:
97:
95:
92:
56:
55:Brief overview
53:
49:the Green Book
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1528:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1474:
1470:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1429:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1412:
1404:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1247:Guinea-Bissau
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1100:
1098:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1037:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
991:Libyan Arabic
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
973:
970:
967:
965:
961:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
894:
891:
888:
886:
882:
870:
867:
866:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
839:Head of state
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
818:
815:
814:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
799:
796:
793:
791:
787:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
761:Libyan Desert
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
733:
730:
727:
725:
721:
716:
704:
701:
699:
696:
695:
694:
693:Libyan Crisis
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
668:The Holocaust
666:
662:
659:
657:
656:Italian Libya
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
643:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
608:
606:
604:
600:
595:
588:
583:
581:
576:
574:
569:
568:
565:
558:
554:
553:
549:
533:
529:
522:
519:
506:
502:
496:
493:
480:
473:
470:
458:
454:
447:
444:
439:
437:0-88184-934-0
433:
429:
424:
423:
414:
411:
406:
399:
397:
395:
391:
378:
374:
370:
363:
361:
357:
351:
348:
342:
339:
326:
322:
316:
313:
300:
296:
290:
287:
282:
275:
273:
269:
266:
264:
263:public domain
258:
255:
251:
246:
244:
242:
238:
233:
226:
224:
220:
213:
211:
208:
204:
198:
194:
192:
188:
184:
180:
172:
170:
168:
163:
157:
153:
151:
147:
142:
137:
133:
129:
121:
119:
116:
114:
110:
106:
98:
93:
91:
89:
85:
80:
75:
73:
68:
66:
62:
54:
52:
50:
46:
41:
37:
33:
29:
19:
1482:Saint Helena
1453:
1357:South Africa
1347:Sierra Leone
1271:
1152:Burkina Faso
980:
976:Demographics
940:Oil reserves
902:Central Bank
864:Human rights
802:Constitution
771:Subdivisions
556:
550:Bibliography
535:. Retrieved
531:
521:
509:. Retrieved
504:
495:
483:. Retrieved
472:
460:. Retrieved
456:
446:
421:
413:
404:
381:. Retrieved
377:the original
372:
350:
341:
329:. Retrieved
324:
315:
303:. Retrieved
299:hdr.undp.org
298:
289:
280:
260:
231:
199:
195:
187:Tripoli Post
176:
158:
154:
125:
117:
102:
76:
69:
58:
30:begins with
27:
26:
1409:recognition
1362:South Sudan
1252:Ivory Coast
897:Agriculture
407:(193): 1–5.
146:pan-arabist
1464:(Portugal)
1422:Somaliland
1342:Seychelles
1307:Mozambique
1292:Mauritania
1277:Madagascar
1232:The Gambia
1167:Cape Verde
996:Literature
919:(currency)
756:Ecoregions
537:18 October
511:18 October
485:18 October
462:18 October
383:5 February
331:18 October
325:unicef.org
305:18 October
214:References
1297:Mauritius
981:Education
950:Transport
912:Companies
807:Elections
751:Districts
724:Geography
1510:Category
1488: /
1484: /
1477:(France)
1471: /
1449: /
1445: /
1397:Zimbabwe
1372:Tanzania
1222:Ethiopia
1217:Eswatini
1197:Djibouti
1162:Cameroon
1147:Botswana
1071:Category
1029:Olympics
1024:Football
1016:Religion
859:Military
790:Politics
776:Wildlife
327:. UNICEF
113:Benghazi
79:literacy
1473:RĂ©union
1469:Mayotte
1460:Madeira
1455:(Spain)
1451:Melilla
1382:Tunisia
1352:Somalia
1337:Senegal
1322:Nigeria
1312:Namibia
1302:Morocco
1267:Liberia
1262:Lesotho
1212:Eritrea
1182:Comoros
1157:Burundi
1132:Algeria
1055:Outline
1020:Sports
964:Culture
945:Tourism
885:Economy
746:Climate
736:Borders
678:Kingdom
636:Ottoman
611:Ancient
603:History
207:TVET UK
94:History
45:Gaddafi
1492:
1475:
1462:
1392:Zambia
1387:Uganda
1327:Rwanda
1282:Malawi
1242:Guinea
1137:Angola
1076:Portal
986:Health
925:Energy
917:Dinar
741:Cities
596:
434:
88:UNICEF
1447:Ceuta
1367:Sudan
1317:Niger
1272:Libya
1257:Kenya
1237:Ghana
1227:Gabon
1202:Egypt
1142:Benin
1062:Index
1036:Women
1006:Music
1001:Media
616:Roman
594:Libya
36:Libya
1377:Togo
1287:Mali
1177:Chad
869:LGBT
698:2011
539:2016
513:2016
487:2016
464:2016
432:ISBN
385:2013
333:2016
307:2016
177:The
111:in
1512::
530:.
503:.
455:.
430:.
393:^
371:.
359:^
323:.
297:.
271:^
252:.
240:^
222:^
67:.
1110:e
1103:t
1096:v
586:e
579:t
572:v
541:.
515:.
489:.
466:.
440:.
387:.
335:.
309:.
265:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.