History of the University of Michigan

1323: 1667:, banning most affirmative action in university admissions. Under that law race, gender, and national origin can no longer be considered in admissions. UM and other organizations were granted a stay from implementation of the passed proposal soon after that election, and this has allowed time for proponents of affirmative action to decide legal and constitutional options in response to the election results. The university has stated it plans to continue to challenge the ruling; in the meantime, the admissions office states that it will attempt to achieve a diverse student body by looking at other factors such as whether the student attended a disadvantaged school, and the level of education of the student's parents. 1393: 927: 392: 896: 1542:, a move that, in turn, led 1,500 students to conduct a one-hour sit-in in the administration building. In September 1969, a 12,000-student march followed a Michigan football game; on October 15, 1969, 20,000 rallied against the war in Michigan Stadium. Radicals adopted increasingly confrontational tactics, including an episode in which members of the Jesse James Gang, an SDS offshoot, locked themselves in a room with an on-campus military recruiter and refused to release him. Hatcher's successor, 25: 1769:

laboratory space devoted to the life sciences. In 2005, the university unveiled a development master-plan for the medical campus that is expected to add 3 million square feet (270,000 m²) to the existing 5 million square feet (450,000 m²). Examples of new buildings include the Cardiovascular Center, the Biomedical Science Research Building, the Rachel Upjohn Building and the replacement for C.S. Mott Children's Hospital and Women's Hospital, scheduled to open in 2011.

1315: 818:, Harvard University Professor F.H. Hedge depicted UM as the model public institution of higher education for the growing nation. UM began to draw students from across the United States and abroad, and its student body included African Americans. More than 520 of the students enrolled in 1867 were studying at the Medical School. Also in 1867, maize and blue were voted class colors; the Board of Regents made them the official colors of the UM in 1912. 1468: 1401: 1557:, an umbrella name for a coalition of student groups, sponsored a campus-wide strike to protest low minority enrollment and to build support for an African American Studies department. The strike included picket lines that prevented entrance to university buildings and was widely observed by students and faculty. Eight days after the strike began, the university granted many of BAM's demands. 1593:. A new hospital complex was opened in 1986, including a new University Hospital and the A. Alfred Taubman Health Care Center that centralized outpatient care provided by the Medical School faculty. Also in 1986, UM launched M-CARE, a managed care health plan that provided HMO coverage and other plans to university faculty and staff, retirees, dependents, and to employers in the community. 907:'s tenure, which started in 1920, saw the advent of major field research initiatives in Africa, South America, the South Pacific, and the Middle East. Burton raised admissions standards and sought to heighten the academic rigors of the university's courses, while taming the often-rowdy social lives of his students. Burton later made the nominating speech at the 1777:

System. An East Medical Campus has recently been developed on Plymouth Road, with several university-owned buildings for outpatient care, diagnostics, and outpatient surgery. The university also has an office building called Wolverine Tower in southern Ann Arbor near Briarwood Mall. Another major facility is the

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During the 1970s, severe budget constraints hindered to some extent the university's physical development and academic standing. For the previous 50 years, all major academic surveys had listed Michigan as one of the nation's top five universities, a standing that began to diminish. For instance, the

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includes more than 500 major buildings, with a combined area of more than 37.48 million square feet (860 acres or 3.48 km²). The campus also consists of leased space in buildings scattered throughout the city, many occupied by organizations affiliated with the University of Michigan Health

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In late 2006, with the climate for health plans changing rapidly throughout the region and the U.S., the university made the decision to sell M-CARE to Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan and its Blue Care Network subsidiary. As part of the sale, a new health care quality organization called Michigan

1752:, the 893-bed hospital was the largest and most modern facility of its kind in the nation, and was used until 1986. Land for North Campus, which would house the College of Engineering, the School of Music, and the A. Alfred Taubman College of Architecture & Urban Planning was purchased in 1950. 341:

and one consisting of three sections to be selected later, with the college and church each having one-half interest in each section. These latter sections were not selected until 1821, and the university received legal title to them in 1824. In 1826, the university swapped its interest in the land

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During the 1980s and 1990s, the university devoted substantial resources to renovating its massive hospital complex and improving the academic facilities on the university's North Campus. At a time when many other universities were choosing to sell their hospitals and clinics, UM created a tighter

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A group of businessmen called the Ann Arbor Land Company had set land aside in the village of Ann Arbor, trying to win a bid for a new state capital. When that did not happen, they offered it for sale to the state for use by the university. A second act passed two days after the Organic Act called

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2.5 billion has been budgeted and expended toward such construction, with approximately another $ 4.8 billion in construction projects in 17 new buildings underway or in planning for the coming decade. Recently, the university has constructed over 1 million square feet (90,000 m²) of academic and

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In the early 2000s, the UM faced declining state funding as a percentage of its funding due to state budget shortfalls. At the same time, UM has attempted to maintain its high academic standing while keeping tuition costs affordable. The university administration also faced labor disputes with

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The Trustees continued to oversee operation of the primary school and academy in Detroit and Grand Blanc, at one point reaching an enrollment of 200, but did not establish any additional schools, so the university continued to be one in name only. By 1827, neither school was operating, and the

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took shape, UM became a principal recipient of government research grants, and its researchers were on the vanguard of exploring peacetime uses for atomic power. During Hatcher's administration, the ISR, with its ambitious ongoing effort focused on research and applications of social science,

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in universities. To that end, Tappan enlarged the library, and supported the development and establishment of laboratories, an art gallery, and the Detroit Observatory. However, Tappan was dismissed in 1863 over conflicts with the Board of Regents concerning matters of policy and personality.

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to act as an "umbrella" over those entities and M-CARE, and designating an Executive Vice President for Medical Affairs who reports directly to the President. The result has been a financially strong and synergistic system for health care delivery, research and medical/bioscience education.

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The 1930s saw a major crackdown on the consumption of alcohol and the rowdiness that had characterized student life practically from inception. In February 1931, local police raided five fraternities, finding liquor and arresting 79 students, including the captain of the football team and

801: 330:. No college had officially been created yet, so the next month Monteith and Richard decreed the creation of the "First College of Michigania" at Detroit. Despite this decree, no college was organized, and instruction remained limited to the existing primary school and academy. 1577:

became the highest of any elite law school in the U.S. Though the undergraduate division is currently ranked in the top 25, the university is acknowledged to have a faculty whose teaching awards, publications, patents and citations generally rank in the top five in the U.S.

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of Detroit for financial support. On September 15, 1817 Zion Lodge met and subscribed the sum of $ 250 in aid of the university, payable in the sum of $ 50 per year. Of the total amount subscribed to start the university two-thirds came from Zion Lodge and its members.

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delivered two speeches to capacity crowds in Hill Auditorium and also participated in an intimate student discussion and faculty dinner reception at the Michigan Union. “The American dream is as yet unfulfilled,” he said, in his only known visit to Ann Arbor.

1600:, whose tenure ran from 1988 to 1995, was a nuclear engineer and former engineering dean who emphasized uses for computer and information technology. Duderstadt facilitated achievements in the campus's physical growth and fundraising efforts. His successor, 858:, was appointed president of UM, a position that he held until 1909. Angell aggressively expanded the university's curriculum to include and expand professional studies in dentistry, architecture, engineering, government, and medicine. In 1880, President 699:

of education, in which a complete system of primary schools, secondary schools, and a university are all administered by the state and supported with tax dollars. The constitution created the office of Superintendent of Public Instruction, and Governor

943:, ritual and widespread freshman hazing all but ceased. Long known as a "dressy campus," student attire became less formal. Fraternities and sororities became less prominent in student life, as their finances and memberships went into steep decline. 2254: 754:

Tappan modeled UM's curriculum on the broad range of subjects taught at German universities (the so-called "research model"), rather than the classical models (the so-called "recitation model"). The German, or Humboldtian model, was conceived by

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and of Michigan, and provide for and appoint Directors, Visitors, Curators, Librarians, Instructors and Instructrixes among and throughout the various counties, cities, towns, townships, or other geographical divisions of Michigan."

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The Ann Arbor campus originally started on 40 acres (16 ha) of land bounded by State Street on the west, North University Avenue on the north, East University Avenue on the east, and South University Avenue on the south.

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The unwieldy name of the Catholepistemiad and its constituent departments made it a target of ridicule. Governor Cass referred to it as the "Cathole-what's its name" and thought it a "pedantic and uncouth name," while Justice

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faculty members called for policy changes on remote teaching, COVID-19 testing and contact tracing, and addressing sexual misconduct. ...an independent investigation found to be a two-decade-long history of sexual misconduct

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consisting of 20 members plus the governor, with few other changes to its structure. Rev. Monteith, his office of President abolished, was appointed to the Board of Trustees, but left that summer to accept a professorship at

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Campus activism also changed the character of student social life. By 1973, only 4.7% of the student body participated in fraternities and sororities. The university's student government fell one vote short of approving a

1585:, a former economics professor, during the 1980s. The university again saw a surge in funds devoted to research in the social and physical sciences, although campus controversy arose over involvement in the anti-missile 728:

for the University to be established in Ann Arbor, and directed the Regents to secure a site. The Board of Regents held its first meeting in Ann Arbor on June 5, 1837. At this meeting they chose 40 acres on the farm of

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The first two decades of the 20th century saw a construction boom on campus that included facilities to house the dental and pharmacy programs, a chemistry building, a building for the study of natural sciences, the

349:, with the proceeds used to provide for their education. The court ruled in favor of the university, saying the lands were given as an outright gift (due in part to the tribes' affection for Father Richard), and the 3975: 866:

to negotiate the immigration of Chinese laborers. Angell's publicity efforts abroad eventually prompted a large influx of foreign students to the university. UM also began to attract renowned faculty, including

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and professor of English, was appointed university president in 1951. Hatcher fostered early construction in the school's nascent North Campus, and created an Honors College for 5% of entering freshmen. As the

3452: 841:. The growing student body also led to unruliness. In 1872, Ann Arbor hosted 49 saloons, and the spectacle of student intoxication and public donnybrooks concerned school administrators and state politicians. 723:

President of the Board. In practice, however, the Regents never appointed a Chancellor, instead leaving administrative duties up to a rotating roster of professors, and the Governor chaired the board himself.

2258: 3691: 579: 1487:, when disputes arose between faculty, administrators, and students over issues including military instruction and teaching of the German language. In the 1930s, student groups had formed to promote 3716: 1364:, the university was rated first or second in the nation in graduate teaching of all 28 disciplines surveyed. In 1971, the central library on campus was named the Harlan Hatcher Graduate Library. 738:

A new state constitution was adopted in 1850, with two significant changes related to the university. The office of Regent was changed from an appointed one to an elected one, and the office of

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at Macon for the church's interest in the others. Though evidence is scant, one historian believes that the land was later sold and the proceeds used in the running of the operation in Detroit.

1377:. Hatcher's legacy is marked, however, by a much more serious controversy: his suspension of three faculty members—Chandler Davis, Clement Markert, and Mark Nicholson—under pressure from Rep. 1322: 3650: 3251: 3246: 3796: 78:

passed an act in 1809 to establish public school districts, but this early attempt amounted to little. Woodward harbored a dream of classifying all human knowledge (which he termed

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The cornerstone of the university's first building, near the corner of Bates St. and Congress St. in Detroit, was laid on September 24, 1817, and within a year both a

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took the unusual step of publicly opposing the policy before the court issued a ruling, though the eventual ruling was mixed. In the first case, the court upheld the

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The first classes were held in 1841; six freshmen and a sophomore were taught by two professors. Eleven men graduated in the first commencement ceremony in 1845.

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In 1817, Woodward drafted a territorial act establishing a "Catholepistemiad, or University of Michigania," organized into thirteen different professorships, or

2977: 2456: 947: 660: 445: 3696: 3362: 3144: 3007: 2992: 1633:, notably with the Lecturers' Employees Organization (LEO) and the Graduate Employees Organization (GEO), the union representing graduate student employees. 1609: 641: 617: 605: 531: 2499: 1550:—is credited by university historian Howard Peckham with preventing the campus from experiencing the violent outbreaks seen at other American universities. 783:

was founded in 1848, and graduated 90 physicians in 1852. UM opened the first university-owned hospital in the U.S. in 1869. The first student newspaper,

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and the formation of an advisory committee of 100 industrialists to guide academic research initiatives. In addition, 1933 saw the completion of the new

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Some at Michigan are asking why a famous music professor was granted tenure soon after a misconduct investigation that was later allegedly reopened.

1534:" to protest American policy in Southeast Asia. 2,500 students attended the event. A series of 1966 sit-ins by Voice, the campus political party of 719:, and the Chancellor of the state. It also created the office of Chancellor of the University, who was to be appointed by the Regents and serve as 3660: 3139: 1306: 739: 3114: 3104: 3094: 3074: 821:

The university's first known African American student, Samuel Codes Watson, was admitted as a medical student in 1853; the first female student,

3372: 3165: 3037: 1445: 976:, depth bombs, the PT boat, and radar jammers. By 1950, university enrollment had reached 21,000, of whom 7,700 were veterans supported by the 543: 493: 334: 2324: 4017: 3880: 3865: 3728: 3635: 3129: 3109: 1483:

An enduring legacy of the 1960s was the sharp rise in campus activism. The campus tumult of the 1960s was to some extent foreshadowed during

307: 980:. In the same year, the university purchased 300 acres (120 ha) of land north of the Huron River that would later become North Campus. 3748: 3425: 2906: 2425: 1757: 780: 433: 323: 36: 4007: 2578: 1547: 383:

building in Detroit was leased to private teachers. Except as a legal entity, the University of Michigan had essentially ceased to exist.

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said it was "neither Greek, Latin, nor English, a piece of language gone mad." On April 30, 1821, Governor Cass and Judges Griffin and

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published an article in July 1887 that noted the school's "broad and liberal spirit" and the wide-ranging freedoms of its students.

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The University of Michigan was sued in 1971 by descendants of the tribes who claimed that the land grant should have been held in

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building constructing a brand new dedicated building on the corner of South and East University. and (2) Tisch Hall addition to

1448:. On October 14, 1960, Kennedy, who once referred to Harvard as "The Michigan of the East," announced his intention to form the 391: 3733: 3540: 3012: 2899: 926: 3320: 3241: 908: 880: 277: 67: 923:, a highly divisive figure who, among other things, offended Roman Catholics with his vocal endorsements of contraception. 3968: 3547: 3474: 1361: 915:

in 1924. Shortly after attaining his place in the national spotlight, Burton died of a heart attack in February 1925. The

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passed a new act that changed the name of the institution to the University of Michigan and put control in the hands of a

1748:. In 1925, The University Hospital (also known as the Main Hospital) replaced the Catherine Street Hospital. Designed by 808:

By 1865 to 1866, the university's enrollment increased to 1,205 students, with many of the new enrollees veterans of the

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Michigan has faced a series of sexual misconduct scandals in recent years, both within music and the university broadly.

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was formed in 1805, several of its leading citizens recognized the need for a structured education. As early as 1806,

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The Ann Arbor campus is divided into four main areas: the North, Central, Medical, and South Campuses. The physical

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co-op that was based on the premise of high-quantity purchases and free distribution. Such attitudes persist in the

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in 1835, although actual statehood was withheld by Congress until 1837, after the resolution of the so-called "

2732:. A Sesquicentennial Publication. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press & Ambassador Books Limited. 946:

UM's position as a prominent research university gained momentum in 1920 with a formal reorganization of the

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admissions policy while in the second, it ruled against the university's undergraduate admissions policy.

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The beginning of Hatcher's presidency saw the university in the national spotlight over the first-ever "

1347: 1206: 1196: 1185: 1175: 855: 830: 692: 672: 59: 1569:, a rally and festival calling for the legalization of marijuana use held annually on and near campus. 1467: 1371:" in 1952, an event cheered on by hundreds of students and chronicled by the national press, including 968:, the university grew into a true research powerhouse, undertaking major initiatives on behalf of the 24: 3981: 3954: 3903: 3438: 3387: 3310: 2663: 1765: 1737: 1645: 1617: 1441: 1421: 1327: 1145: 1097: 1071: 851: 814: 756: 303: 257: 75: 3910: 3588: 3382: 3190: 3064: 3047: 2936: 2842: 2228: 2117:"U-M presidents have weathered wars, recessions, unrest to keep institution in leadership position" 1693: 1685: 1605: 1124: 1040: 904: 859: 826: 743: 2852: 2712:"Martin Luther King Jr.'s 1962 visit to University of Michigan: Live as Brothers, or Die as Fools" 2179: 3947: 3855: 3602: 3533: 3236: 3205: 3195: 2673: 2255:"Remarks of Senator John F. Kennedy at the University of Michigan - Student Union Building Steps" 2017: 1756:

bond between its Medical School and its Hospitals & Health Centers unit in 1997, forming the

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In 1943, Michigan was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the

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During the 1960s, numerous UM faculty members served in the administrations of presidents

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The land granted to the college and the church was of two parts, one consisting of three

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tribes. Among its provisions was the ceding of 1,920 acres (7.8 km) of land by the

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Children of Chippewa, Ottawa and Potawatomy Tribes v. Regents of University of Michigan

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The debate still continues, however, because in November 2006 Michigan voters passed

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The Organic Act of March 18, 1837, created the University of Michigan, governed by a

676: 249: 248:, and other useful literary and scientific institutions consonant to the laws of the 1456:, and by 1966 332 UM alumni were serving in the Corps. In a commencement address at 3786: 3466: 3377: 2769: 2738: 2625: 2257:. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. October 14, 1960. Archived from 1678: 1675: 1590: 1508: 1496: 965: 920: 916: 729: 269: 202: 71: 2802:

Special to the Daily: The 1st 100 Years of Editorial Freedom at the Michigan Daily

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tribes to the "college at Detroit" for either use or sale, and an equal amount to

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that bears his name remains a prominent campus landmark. Burton was succeeded by

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The university's financial condition improved under the leadership of President

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on May 22, 1964, President Johnson first announced his intentions to pursue his

1449: 829:, was admitted in 1870, and the first known African American woman admitted was 715:, along with the Governor himself, the Lieutenant Governor, the Justices of the 122: 2369:"College Music Professor Steps Down After Showing Students 'Blackface' Othello" 1378: 1368: 1356: 872: 868: 772: 720: 683:

had just gained widespread attention, and thanks to its influence on two men,

664: 319: 272:). Father Richard was granted six didaxiim (and the Vice-Presidency), and the 265: 245: 237: 114: 97:, following the classification system he had published the year before in his 87: 2232: 109:

so they could be "engrafted, without variation, into every modern language":

2286: 2180:"University of Michigan Timelines - Diversity at the University of Michigan" 1716: 1566: 1562: 1488: 1417: 1290: 977: 346: 284: 170: 154: 146: 1879: 711:

consisting of 12 members appointed by the Governor with the consent of the

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was created, with the Regents directed to select one. In 1852, they chose

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University of Michigan Drops Affirmative Action for Now (11 January 2007)

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and contributing to weapons development with breakthroughs including the

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Res Gestae (Student Newspaper of the University of Michigan Law School)

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Low minority enrollment was also a cause of unrest. In March 1970, the

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of 1835 was the first state constitution in the country to embrace the

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Michigan Paralyzed Veterans of America v. The University of Michigan

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The History of University of Michigan, 1817 - 2017 (Anne Duderstadt)

2886: 1608:. Two major construction initiatives in the late 1990s were (1) the 3357: 1715:, allegedly without giving students any warning that it contained 1507:. Political dissent, largely mollified by campus consensus during 1466: 1399: 1391: 1321: 1313: 925: 894: 863: 799: 390: 2866: 3692:

Engineering Research Center for Wireless Integrated Microsystems

3580: 3575: 3570: 2747: 2159:"University of Michigan Timelines - General University Timeline" 800: 668: 276:, who had moved to Detroit a year earlier after graduating from 256:

The act was signed into law August 26, 1817, by Woodward, Judge

2895: 2182:. University of Michigan Bentley Historical Library. April 2005 2161:. University of Michigan Bentley Historical Library. April 2005 1530:

On March 24, 1964, a group of faculty held the nation's first "

2140:. University of Michigan Bentley Historical Library. July 2004 2016:. Bentley Historical Library. November 4, 2008. Archived from 1546:—an experienced labor negotiator and former chancellor of the 1479:, this was the first synchrotron to use the "racetrack" design 3717:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

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Libraries & Archives Directory for University of Michigan

1945:, 104 Mich App 482, 507 (January 26, 1981). 1424:

three years earlier when they were studying in Leiden with

398:'s watercolour elevation of the University of Michigan 1838 2457:"Professor Not Teaching After Blackface 'Othello' Showing" 2068: 1989: 1781:, which is located on the eastern outskirts of Ann Arbor. 787:, was founded in 1857, which was followed by the biweekly 2500:"Environmental Stewardship at the University of Michigan" 1604:, had a relatively brief tenure before departing to lead 2014:"University of Michigan Timelines: Departmental History" 1440:. During their administrations, 15 alumni served in the 82:), and discussed the subject with his friend and mentor 2877:

The University of Michigan - Bentley Historical Library

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began with its establishment on August 26, 1817 as the

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Official History of the University of Michigan website

875:, who taught at the university from 1884 to 1894, and 283:

When it came to funding the project, Woodward being a

47: 2536:"The Board of Regents of the University of Michigan" 1616:, named in honor of a $ 6M gift from mall developer 961:

which offered students a path to a Navy commission.

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Report on the State of Public Instruction in Prussia

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and a classical academy were functioning within it.

3995: 3920: 3764: 3674: 3628: 3518: 3488: 3413: 3274: 3219: 3158: 3057: 3046: 2945: 1936: 1934: 1360:received its own building. In a 1966 report by the 302:Five days after the laying of the cornerstone, the 2823:The Making of The University of Michigan 1817–1992 2820: 2778: 2695:The University of Michigan, an Encyclopedic Survey 2426:"University of Michigan Faculty Calls for Changes" 2037: 2035: 1688:class, where he says he had intended to show how 763:’s liberal ideas pertaining to the importance of 306:was signed between the United States and various 2645:Hinsdale, Burke A. (1906). Demmon, Isaac (ed.). 2119:. The University Record (University of Michigan) 1909: 1907: 3756:University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment Index 3739:Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute 3707:Great Lakes Integrated Sciences and Assessments 2827:. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press. 2785:. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press. 2729:The University of Michigan: A Pictorial History 2231:: University of Michigan. 2011. Archived from 2064: 2062: 1420:. Uhlenbeck and Goudsmit proposed the idea of 659:In preparation for statehood, Michigan held a 2907: 2344: 2342: 2110: 2108: 2106: 2104: 2102: 2100: 1636:In 2003, two lawsuits involving the school's 1511:, returned to UM with a vengeance during the 101:. He invented names for these using a mix of 8: 1708:, after a controversy over his showing the 1610:University of Michigan School of Social Work 2781:Tempests into Rainbows: Managing Turbulence 2698:. Vol. 1. University of Michigan Press 2201:"Past Presidents | Office of the President" 3410: 3252:Michigan–Michigan State ice hockey rivalry 3247:Michigan–Michigan State basketball rivalry 3054: 2914: 2900: 2892: 2606:Michigan: A History of the Wolverine State 2603:Dunbar, Willis F.; May, George S. (1995). 2556:"Presidents of the University of Michigan" 2138:"Presidents of the University of Michigan" 1925: 982: 401: 280:, was granted seven (and the Presidency). 2737: 1913: 1820: 1764:Nevertheless, in the past decade roughly 1383:House Committee on Un-American Activities 1346:. Harlan H. Hatcher, an administrator at 1326:Commencement, 1912: University President 2764:. Ann Arbor: Register Publishing House. 2079: 2053: 2041: 2000: 1977: 1954: 1898: 1867: 1855: 1832: 23: 2669:History of Higher Education in Michigan 1966: 1789: 1307:President of the University of Michigan 862:appointed Angell a special minister to 740:President of the University of Michigan 3262:Michigan–Ohio State basketball rivalry 2455:Flaherty, Colleen (October 11, 2021). 2394:Flaherty, Colleen (November 9, 2018). 1880:History of the Grand Lodge of Michigan 70:to administer the territory. Governor 4065:History of the University of Michigan 3729:Michigan Aeronautical Research Center 2761:History of The University of Michigan 2687:. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Howe. 2648:History of the University of Michigan 2609:. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans. 2424:Redden, Elizabeth (October 8, 2021). 2285:. The Lombardi Center. Archived from 1538:, prompted the administration to ban 746:as the university's first president. 326:in Detroit, where Father Richard was 44:history of the University of Michigan 7: 3749:American Customer Satisfaction Index 3257:Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry 2579:"A Portrait of Augustus B. Woodward" 2304:"U-M School of Social Work: History" 2115:Frank, Mary Jo (November 14, 1996). 2091: 1843: 1758:University of Michigan Health System 1740:and Helen Newberry residence halls, 785:The Peninsular Phoenix and Gazetteer 732:as the new site for the university. 37:University of Michigan Museum of Art 3343:Lurie Biomedical Engineering Center 3326:Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library 2710:Bentley Historical Library (2015). 2624:Fedynsky, John (13 November 2001). 2554:Bentley Historical Library (2004). 2534:Bentley Historical Library (2001). 3722:National Survey of Black Americans 3682:American National Election Studies 2367:Roche, Darragh (October 9, 2021). 1798:"Exchange: University of Michigan" 1723:and outside the music department. 959:V-12 Navy College Training Program 14: 3886:Students for a Democratic Society 3008:Literature, Science, and the Arts 2666:(1891). Adams, Herbert B. (ed.). 1536:Students for a Democratic Society 3961:Michigan Civil Rights Initiative 3817:Stefan T. Vail Cooperative House 3807:Eugene V. Debs Cooperative House 3792:Graduate Employees' Organization 3744:National Quality Research Center 3697:Environmental Research Institute 2640:from the original on 2024-02-09. 1452:in a speech on the steps of the 1302:Denotes acting/interim president 54:The Catholepistemiad (1817–1821) 3734:Michigan Life Sciences Corridor 2953:Architecture and Urban Planning 2882:pictoral history of the library 2488:. University of Michigan. 2007. 2069:Bentley Historical Library 2001 1990:Bentley Historical Library 2004 1548:University of Wisconsin–Madison 1330:and dignitaries walking across 3937:2020 graduate students' strike 3242:The Big Chill at the Big House 2983:Environment and Sustainability 2692:Shaw, Wilfred B., ed. (1942). 2325:"The Future of the Humanities" 1640:admissions policy reached the 909:Republican National Convention 881:Interstate Commerce Commission 704:appointed Pierce to the post. 278:Princeton Theological Seminary 35:, currently on display in the 1: 3969:Doe v. University of Michigan 3712:Institute for Social Research 3548:Michigan Mathematical Journal 2800:Holtzer, Susan., ed. (1990). 2357:. Retrieved January 12, 2007. 1573:student-faculty ratio at the 1503:, as well as interest in the 1362:American Council on Education 1340:Institute for Social Research 99:A System of Universal Science 50:or University of Michigania. 1671:HealthQuarters was founded. 1587:Strategic Defense Initiative 1475:at Michigan, 1949. Built by 1396:University of Michigan, 1906 1381:and his subcommittee of the 891:Michigan in the 20th century 812:. In the July 1866 issue of 3331:William L. Clements Library 2848:Great American Universities 2819:Peckham, Howard H. (1994). 2777:Fleming, Robben W. (1996). 1334:toward the Engineering Arch 839:Alice Elvira Freeman Palmer 353:upheld the ruling in 1981. 4081: 3812:Michigan Cooperative House 3687:Business Engagement Center 3501:Matthaei Botanical Gardens 2684:The University of Michigan 1779:Matthaei Botanical Gardens 1679:stepped down from teaching 1318:Engineering Building, 1905 675:'s English translation of 268:was absent on a trip with 17: 4026: 3797:Inter-Cooperative Council 3651:Law and government alumni 3018:Music, Theatre, and Dance 2931: 2280:"Michigan Faculty Awards" 1342:(ISR) was established by 1299: 1004: 985: 661:constitutional convention 351:Michigan Court of Appeals 3876:Society of Les Voyageurs 3802:Escher Cooperative House 3702:Global Feminisms Project 2651:. University of Michigan 1674:In 2021 music professor 1446:House of Representatives 1218:James Johnson Duderstadt 1021:none (Board of Trustees) 911:for incumbent president 823:Madelon Louisa Stockwell 761:Friedrich Schleiermacher 420:Literature, Science, and 3782:The Detroit Partnership 3338:Life Sciences Institute 2770:2027/mdp.39015056839288 2750:– via HathiTrust. 2739:2027/mdp.39015006358462 2396:"Tenure and Misconduct" 1802:exchange.umma.umich.edu 1156:Alexander Grant Ruthven 1031:none (Board of Regents) 396:Alexander Jackson Davis 357:Name change (1821–1837) 3836:Michigan Marching Band 2924:University of Michigan 2851:. Macmillan. pp. 2681:Shaw, Wilfred (1920). 2225:"Michigan in the News" 1524:Martin Luther King Jr. 1480: 1429: 1422:a spin magnetic moment 1397: 1335: 1319: 948:College of Engineering 931: 900: 805: 717:Michigan Supreme Court 399: 260:, and acting governor 64:Father Gabriel Richard 39: 33:Jasper Francis Cropsey 29:University of Michigan 20:University of Michigan 4045:$ 17.9 billion (2023) 3846:Phi Delta Theta House 3772:Black Action Movement 3661:University presidents 3294:Burton Memorial Tower 2726:Bordin, Ruth (1967). 2664:McLaughlin, Andrew C. 1914:Dunbar & May 1995 1821:Dunbar & May 1995 1555:Black Action Movement 1544:Robben Wright Fleming 1522:On November 5, 1962, 1513:Civil Rights Movement 1470: 1403: 1395: 1348:Ohio State University 1325: 1317: 1207:Robben Wright Fleming 1197:Harold Tafler Shapiro 1186:Allan Frederick Smith 1176:Robben Wright Fleming 1108:Harry Burns Hutchins* 987:University presidents 929: 903:University President 898: 856:University of Vermont 831:Mary Henrietta Graham 803: 693:Michigan Constitution 394: 209:(Universal Science). 60:Territory of Michigan 27: 3987:Vietnam War protests 3982:Treaty of Fort Meigs 3955:Grutter v. Bollinger 3453:The Romanovs Collect 3311:Ford Nuclear Reactor 2591:on December 13, 2006 1889:Accessed 05 May 2010 1738:Martha Cook Building 1646:Grutter v. Bollinger 1618:Preston Robert Tisch 1338:In 1948, Michigan's 1146:Clarence Cook Little 1116:Harry Burns Hutchins 1098:Harry Burns Hutchins 1072:James Burrill Angell 939:editors. During the 921:Clarence Cook Little 815:The Atlantic Monthly 789:University Chronicle 757:Wilhelm von Humboldt 494:Music, Theatre & 304:Treaty of Fort Meigs 76:Augustus B. Woodward 3911:The Yellow and Blue 3871:Social Venture Fund 3191:Phyllis Ocker Field 3065:Michigan Wolverines 2938:Ann Arbor, Michigan 2804:. Caddo Gap Press. 2626:"What's in a name?" 2577:(October 9, 2001). 2229:Ann Arbor, Michigan 2205:president.umich.edu 1710:1965 British movie 1694:William Shakespeare 1686:musical composition 1606:Columbia University 1589:and investments in 1125:Marion LeRoy Burton 1041:Henry Philip Tappan 930:Law Building, 1910s 917:memorial bell tower 905:Marion LeRoy Burton 860:Rutherford B. Hayes 854:, president of the 827:Kalamazoo, Michigan 744:Henry Philip Tappan 195:Historical Sciences 171:Economical Sciences 3948:Gratz v. Bollinger 3942:Affirmative action 3541:Every Three Weekly 3237:Paul Bunyan Trophy 3206:Waterman Gymnasium 3196:Ray Fisher Stadium 3150:Women's volleyball 3100:Women's gymnastics 3080:Women's basketball 2756:Farrand, Elizabeth 2575:Brennan, Thomas E. 1885:2013-07-29 at the 1650:Gratz v. Bollinger 1642:U.S. Supreme Court 1638:affirmative action 1481: 1430: 1398: 1387:U.S. Supreme Court 1336: 1320: 1135:Alfred Henry Lloyd 1051:Erastus Otis Haven 1011:Rev. John Monteith 932: 901: 899:The Diag, ca. 1900 806: 804:Chemistry Building 794:The Michigan Daily 518:Architecture & 400: 287:himself looked to 274:Rev. John Monteith 262:William Woodbridge 139:Natural Philosophy 80:encathol epistemia 74:and Chief Justice 58:Shortly after the 40: 4052: 4051: 3656:Faculty and staff 3514: 3513: 3506:Nichols Arboretum 3363:President's House 3270: 3269: 3171:Canham Natatorium 2843:Slosson, Edwin E. 2261:on March 16, 2008 1505:Spanish Civil War 1312: 1311: 1270:Mark S. Schlissel 835:Wellesley College 689:Isaac Edwin Crary 685:John Davis Pierce 652: 651: 372:Board of Trustees 364:James V. Campbell 324:St. Anne's Church 242:botanical gardens 4072: 4003:Ann Arbor (Main) 3924: 3777:Compulsive Lyres 3666:Board of Regents 3432:Behind the Walls 3411: 3232:Little Brown Jug 3186:Michigan Stadium 3115:Women's lacrosse 3105:Men's ice hockey 3095:Men's gymnastics 3075:Men's basketball 3055: 3050: 2988:Graduate Studies 2939: 2925: 2916: 2909: 2902: 2893: 2856: 2838: 2826: 2815: 2796: 2784: 2773: 2751: 2741: 2715: 2706: 2704: 2703: 2688: 2677: 2659: 2657: 2656: 2641: 2620: 2599: 2597: 2596: 2590: 2584:. Archived from 2583: 2570: 2568: 2567: 2558:. Archived from 2550: 2548: 2547: 2538:. Archived from 2522: 2521: 2519: 2517: 2512:on June 15, 2007 2511: 2504: 2496: 2490: 2489: 2482: 2476: 2475: 2470: 2469: 2462:Inside Higher Ed 2452: 2446: 2445: 2439: 2438: 2431:Inside Higher Ed 2421: 2415: 2414: 2409: 2408: 2401:Inside Higher Ed 2391: 2385: 2384: 2382: 2381: 2364: 2358: 2354:Associated Press 2346: 2337: 2336: 2334: 2332: 2321: 2315: 2314: 2312: 2310: 2300: 2294: 2293: 2291: 2284: 2276: 2270: 2269: 2267: 2266: 2251: 2245: 2244: 2242: 2240: 2235:on June 11, 2011 2221: 2215: 2214: 2212: 2211: 2197: 2191: 2190: 2188: 2187: 2176: 2170: 2169: 2167: 2166: 2155: 2149: 2148: 2146: 2145: 2134: 2128: 2127: 2125: 2124: 2112: 2095: 2089: 2083: 2082:, pp. 29–30 2077: 2071: 2066: 2057: 2051: 2045: 2039: 2030: 2029: 2027: 2025: 2020:on July 24, 2008 2010: 2004: 1998: 1992: 1987: 1981: 1980:, pp. 12–13 1975: 1969: 1964: 1958: 1952: 1946: 1944: 1938: 1929: 1923: 1917: 1911: 1902: 1896: 1890: 1877: 1871: 1865: 1859: 1853: 1847: 1841: 1835: 1830: 1824: 1818: 1812: 1811: 1809: 1808: 1794: 1746:Michigan Stadium 1598:James Duderstadt 1477:H. Richard Crane 1458:Michigan Stadium 1406:George Uhlenbeck 1280:Mary Sue Coleman 1260:Mary Sue Coleman 1239:Lee C. Bollinger 1089:Henry S. Frieze* 1081:Henry S. Frieze* 983: 941:Great Depression 885:Grover Cleveland 877:Thomas M. Cooley 709:Board of Regents 702:Stevens T. Mason 630:Art & Design 532:Graduate Studies 402: 377:Hamilton College 289:Zion Lodge No. 1 270:President Monroe 187:Military Science 111:Anthropoglossica 84:Thomas Jefferson 48:Catholepistemiad 4080: 4079: 4075: 4074: 4073: 4071: 4070: 4069: 4055: 4054: 4053: 4048: 4022: 3991: 3922: 3916: 3891:Theta Phi Alpha 3861:Order of Angell 3851:Men's Glee Club 3841:Michigan Ultras 3760: 3670: 3646:Business alumni 3624: 3566:Michigan Public 3510: 3484: 3480:Natural History 3409: 3373:Student housing 3316:Hill Auditorium 3266: 3215: 3154: 3145:Track and field 3048: 3042: 2941: 2937: 2927: 2923: 2920: 2863: 2841: 2835: 2818: 2812: 2799: 2793: 2776: 2754: 2725: 2722: 2720:Further reading 2709: 2701: 2699: 2691: 2680: 2662: 2654: 2652: 2644: 2623: 2617: 2602: 2594: 2592: 2588: 2581: 2573: 2565: 2563: 2553: 2545: 2543: 2533: 2530: 2525: 2515: 2513: 2509: 2502: 2498: 2497: 2493: 2484: 2483: 2479: 2467: 2465: 2454: 2453: 2449: 2436: 2434: 2423: 2422: 2418: 2406: 2404: 2393: 2392: 2388: 2379: 2377: 2366: 2365: 2361: 2347: 2340: 2330: 2328: 2323: 2322: 2318: 2308: 2306: 2302: 2301: 2297: 2289: 2282: 2278: 2277: 2273: 2264: 2262: 2253: 2252: 2248: 2238: 2236: 2223: 2222: 2218: 2209: 2207: 2199: 2198: 2194: 2185: 2183: 2178: 2177: 2173: 2164: 2162: 2157: 2156: 2152: 2143: 2141: 2136: 2135: 2131: 2122: 2120: 2114: 2113: 2098: 2090: 2086: 2078: 2074: 2067: 2060: 2052: 2048: 2040: 2033: 2023: 2021: 2012: 2011: 2007: 1999: 1995: 1988: 1984: 1976: 1972: 1965: 1961: 1953: 1949: 1940: 1939: 1932: 1926:McLaughlin 1891 1924: 1920: 1912: 1905: 1897: 1893: 1887:Wayback Machine 1878: 1874: 1866: 1862: 1854: 1850: 1842: 1838: 1831: 1827: 1819: 1815: 1806: 1804: 1796: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1742:Hill Auditorium 1729: 1702:into his opera 1626: 1438:John F. Kennedy 1414:Samuel Goudsmit 1410:Hendrik Kramers 1304: 1249:B. Joseph White 1061:Henry S. Frieze 1005: 913:Calvin Coolidge 893: 852:James B. Angell 844:Harper's Weekly 825:(lit. 1872) of 752: 750:Early Expansion 657: 648: 636: 624: 612: 600: 588: 581: 580:Environment and 574: 562: 550: 538: 526: 519: 512: 502: 495: 488: 476: 464: 452: 440: 428: 421: 414: 389: 368:James Witherell 359: 339:Macon, Michigan 308:Native American 207:Catholepistemia 205:Sciences), and 131:Natural History 56: 22: 12: 11: 5: 4078: 4076: 4068: 4067: 4057: 4056: 4050: 4049: 4047: 4046: 4040: 4034: 4027: 4024: 4023: 4021: 4020: 4015: 4010: 4005: 3999: 3997: 3993: 3992: 3990: 3989: 3984: 3979: 3972: 3965: 3964: 3963: 3958: 3951: 3939: 3934: 3928: 3926: 3918: 3917: 3915: 3914: 3907: 3900: 3893: 3888: 3883: 3881:Solar Car Team 3878: 3873: 3868: 3866:Pops Orchestra 3863: 3858: 3853: 3848: 3843: 3838: 3833: 3828: 3821: 3820: 3819: 3814: 3809: 3804: 3794: 3789: 3784: 3779: 3774: 3768: 3766: 3762: 3761: 3759: 3758: 3753: 3752: 3751: 3741: 3736: 3731: 3726: 3725: 3724: 3719: 3709: 3704: 3699: 3694: 3689: 3684: 3678: 3676: 3672: 3671: 3669: 3668: 3663: 3658: 3653: 3648: 3643: 3638: 3636:General alumni 3632: 3630: 3626: 3625: 3623: 3622: 3616: 3611: 3606: 3599: 3596:Street Journal 3592: 3585: 3584: 3583: 3578: 3573: 3563: 3558: 3551: 3544: 3537: 3530: 3527:Michiganensian 3522: 3520: 3516: 3515: 3512: 3511: 3509: 3508: 3503: 3498: 3492: 3490: 3486: 3485: 3483: 3482: 3477: 3472: 3471: 3470: 3463: 3456: 3449: 3442: 3435: 3423: 3417: 3415: 3408: 3407: 3402: 3401: 3400: 3395: 3390: 3385: 3380: 3370: 3365: 3360: 3355: 3353:Michigan Union 3350: 3345: 3340: 3335: 3334: 3333: 3328: 3318: 3313: 3308: 3303: 3296: 3291: 3290: 3289: 3278: 3276: 3272: 3271: 3268: 3267: 3265: 3264: 3259: 3254: 3249: 3244: 3239: 3234: 3229: 3223: 3221: 3217: 3216: 3214: 3213: 3211:Yost Ice Arena 3208: 3203: 3198: 3193: 3188: 3183: 3178: 3176:Crisler Center 3173: 3168: 3162: 3160: 3156: 3155: 3153: 3152: 3147: 3142: 3137: 3132: 3130:Women's soccer 3127: 3122: 3117: 3112: 3110:Men's lacrosse 3107: 3102: 3097: 3092: 3087: 3082: 3077: 3072: 3067: 3061: 3059: 3052: 3044: 3043: 3041: 3040: 3035: 3030: 3025: 3020: 3015: 3010: 3005: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2965: 2960: 2958:Art and Design 2955: 2949: 2947: 2943: 2942: 2932: 2929: 2928: 2921: 2919: 2918: 2911: 2904: 2896: 2890: 2889: 2884: 2879: 2874: 2869: 2862: 2861:External links 2859: 2858: 2857: 2839: 2833: 2816: 2810: 2797: 2791: 2774: 2752: 2721: 2718: 2717: 2716: 2707: 2689: 2678: 2660: 2642: 2621: 2615: 2600: 2571: 2551: 2529: 2526: 2524: 2523: 2491: 2477: 2447: 2416: 2386: 2359: 2338: 2316: 2295: 2292:on 2007-02-20. 2271: 2246: 2216: 2192: 2171: 2150: 2129: 2096: 2084: 2072: 2058: 2046: 2031: 2005: 1993: 1982: 1970: 1959: 1947: 1930: 1918: 1903: 1891: 1872: 1860: 1858:, pp. 8–9 1848: 1836: 1825: 1823:, pp. 188 1813: 1788: 1786: 1783: 1774:infrastructure 1728: 1727:Campus history 1725: 1690:Giuseppe Verdi 1654:George W. Bush 1625: 1622: 1583:Harold Shapiro 1575:U-M Law School 1454:Michigan Union 1434:Lyndon Johnson 1426:Paul Ehrenfest 1416:circa 1928 in 1310: 1309: 1297: 1296: 1293: 1287: 1286: 1283: 1276: 1275: 1272: 1266: 1265: 1262: 1256: 1255: 1252: 1245: 1244: 1241: 1235: 1234: 1231: 1224: 1223: 1220: 1214: 1213: 1210: 1203: 1202: 1199: 1193: 1192: 1189: 1182: 1181: 1178: 1172: 1171: 1168: 1166:Harlan Hatcher 1162: 1161: 1158: 1152: 1151: 1148: 1142: 1141: 1138: 1131: 1130: 1127: 1121: 1120: 1117: 1113: 1112: 1109: 1105: 1104: 1101: 1094: 1093: 1090: 1086: 1085: 1082: 1078: 1077: 1074: 1068: 1067: 1064: 1057: 1056: 1053: 1047: 1046: 1043: 1037: 1036: 1033: 1027: 1026: 1023: 1017: 1016: 1013: 1007: 1006: 1002: 1001: 996: 990: 989: 952:Law Quadrangle 937:Michigan Daily 892: 889: 781:Medical School 751: 748: 697:Prussian model 656: 653: 650: 649: 646: 644: 638: 637: 634: 632: 626: 625: 622: 620: 614: 613: 610: 608: 602: 601: 598: 596: 590: 589: 586: 584: 582:Sustainability 576: 575: 572: 570: 564: 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