961:. Black will likely proceed with either (a) the thematic King’s Indian pawn break …f7-f5 (usually following ...0-0), or (b) the typical Hippo idea of ...g6-g5 and ...Ne7-g6-f4, either of which plans may result in a kingside attack. Note that in positions where White intends to play d4-d5 the White queen would usually be deployed to d2 rather than e2 (thus avoiding the possibility of Black
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minor pieces to central positions, castled and centralised rooks. Despite having achieved an ideal classical development White now faces a dilemma in terms of how to proceed, as Black has pawn control of every square on the fifth rank (a5-h5). White can thus only make headway by advancing a pawn into Black’s side of the board.
1224:
If White opts against playing either e4-e5 or d4-d5, Black may begin to advance against the castled White king with moves such as …g6-g5, …Ng6, etc. (or, if White had castled queenside, …b6-b5, …Nb6, etc.). Alternatively Black might play the pawn break …c7-c5, after which the structure may transform
2415:
1.d4 g6 2.e4 Bg7 3.Nf3 d6 4.Be2 e6 5.c3 Nd7 6.0-0 Ne7 7.Nbd2 b6 8.a4 a6 9.Re1 Bb7 10.Bd3 0-0 11.Nc4 Qe8 12.Bd2 f6 13.Qe2 Kh8 14.Kh1 Qf7 15.Ng1 e5 16.dxe5 fxe5 17.f3 Nc5 18.Ne3 Qe8 19.Bc2 a5 20.Nh3 Bc8 21.Nf2 Be6 22.Qd1 Qf7 23.Ra3 Bd7 24.Nd3 Nxd3 25.Bxd3 Bh6 26.Bc4 Qg7 27.Re2 Ng8 28.Bxg8 Rxg8 29.Nd5
2034:
1.Nf3 g6 2.c4 Bg7 3.d4 d6 4.Nc3 Nd7 5.e4 e6 6.Be2 b6 7.0-0 Bb7 8.Be3 Ne7 9.Qc2 h6 10.Rad1 0-0 11.d5 e5 12.Qc1 Kh7 13.g3 f5 14.exf5 Nxf5 15.Bd3 Bc8 16.Kg2 Nf6 17.Ne4 Nh5 18.Bd2 Bd7 19.Kh1 Ne7 20.Nh4 Bh3 21.Rg1 Bd7 22.Be3 Qe8 23.Rde1 Qf7 24.Qc2 Kh8 25.Nd2 Nf5 26.Nxf5 gxf5 27.g4 e4 28.gxh5 f4 29.Rxg7
1510:
The positions arising from the
Hippopotamus differ from standard positions in the French Defence, King's Indian Defence, etc., as various pawns and pieces will be displaced compared to their usual positions in those openings. For example, in the King's Indian, Black would not have fianchettoed the
929:
principles a position will arise similar to that shown in the diagram (left). Black has adopted the complete
Hippopotamus set-up with pawns on a6, b6, d6, e6, g6 and h6, fianchettoed bishops on b7 and g7, and knights on d7 and e7. White, meanwhile, has occupied the centre with pawns, developed the
2012:
While White can be expected to obtain a space advantage in most variations of the
Hippopotamus Defence, Black will often have a practical advantage due to greater familiarity with the various transpositional possibilities in this rare opening complex. White must also be wary of playing in too
2028:
1.e4 g6 2.d4 Bg7 3.Nc3 a6 4.Nf3 d6 5.Bc4 e6 6.Bg5 Ne7 7.a4 h6 8.Be3 b6 9.0-0 Nd7 10.Re1 0-0 11.Qd2 Kh7 12.Rad1 Bb7 13.Qe2 Qc8 14.Bf4 Rd8 15.h4 Nf8 16.Bb3 f6 17.Nb1 e5 18.Bc1 Ne6 19.c3 Rf8 20.Na3 f5? 21.dxe5 dxe5 22.Nxe5! Bxe5 23.exf5 Rxf5 24.Bc2 Rh5?? 25.Qxh5
1511:
queen's bishop, and White would prefer to have the c-pawn on c4 rather than c2. Hippopotamus middlegames are often defined by how the players navigate these differences and attempt to turn them to their own advantage or their opponent's disadvantage.
2416:
Bxd2 30.Rxd2 Be6 31.b4 Qf7 32.Qe2 Ra7 33.Ra1 Rf8 34.b5 Raa8 35.Qe3 Rab8 36.Rf1 Qg7 37.Qd3 Rf7 38.Kg1 Rbf8 39.Ne3 g5 40.Rdf2 h5 41.c4 Qg6 42.Nd5 Rg8 43.Qe3 Kh7 44.Qd2 Rgg7 45.Qe3 Kg8 46.Rd2 Kh7 47.Rdf2 Rf8 48.Qd2 Rgf7 49.Qe3 ½–½
494:(after which the set-up was dubbed the "Hippopotamus" by commentators). Spassky would appear to have been influenced by his 1964 game vs Ujtelky, where he faced the same setup that he would later employ against Petrosian.
956:
Returning to the diagram position, if White should instead advance d4-d5, Black will again respond by locking the central pawns, this time with …e6-e5. The structure then resembles that seen in many lines of the
2466:
3. a3 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 Ne7 6. Nf3 Bb7 7. Bd3 d6 8. 0-0 Nd7 9. Re1 h6 10. h3 a6 11. Be3 g5 12. Rc1 c5 13. d5 Ng6 14. Bc2 Qe7 15. Qd2 0-0 16. Rcd1 Nde5 17. Nxe5 Bxe5 18. Bd3 Qf6 19. Na4 Rab8 20. Nxb6 Bc8 21.
2013:
aggressive a fashion or of overextending, after which the dynamism of Black's seemingly passive structure may quickly become apparent (see, for example, Barczay vs Ivkov, below).
1507:
opening, with Black’s play tending to rely on a thematic understanding of the major chess openings mentioned above rather than on specific opening variations or move orders.
3145:
437:(pawns on d6 and e6). The knights are typically developed to e7 and d7 and the rook's pawns to a6 and h6. This structure can be obtained by a wide variety of
1236:
To allow the various options given above, Black’s main objective in the early stages will be to remain flexible, including by delaying any decision about
4374:
2436:
1. e4 g6 2. d4 Bg7 3. Nf3 d6 4. Bc4 a6 5. 0-0 e6 6. Bg5? Ne7 7. Qd2 h6 8. Be3 Nd7 9. Nc3 b6 10. Rfe1 Bb7 11. a4 Nf6 12. e5? Nfd5 13. Bf4 Nxc3 14. Qxc3?
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21... Bd7 22. Nc3 Rb3 23. Rb1 Rfb8 24. Nd1 exd5 25. cxd5 Nf4 26. Bxf4 gxf4 27. Bc2 Rxh3! 28. gxh3 Kh8 29. f3 Rg8+ 30. Kh1 Qh4 0–1
4339:
4329:
2850:
4334:
4324:
4319:
2987:
2949:
2035:
Qxg7 30.Rg1 Qe5 31.Nf3 exd3 32.Nxe5 dxc2 33.Bd4 dxe5 34.Bxe5+ Kh7 35.Rg7+ Kh8 36.Rg6+ Kh7 37.Rg7+ Kh8 38.Rg6+ Kh7 39.Rg7+ ½–½
4469:
4379:
4314:
3895:
3657:
3208:
487:
2473:(Notes by John B. Henderson). This was one of Miles' last games, and posthumously won him the "Game of the Season" award.
3733:
3213:
453:
or flank openings and is thus a genuinely universal system. The same structure is also occasionally utilized by White.
4483:
4432:
4142:
4028:
933:
If White should advance e4-e5, Black will typically lock the central pawns with …d6-d5. This gives rise to a central
921:
While Black sets up the
Hippopotamus structure White is able to develop freely. If White proceeds in accordance with
4556:
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472:
The first master strength player to experiment with
Hippopotamus-type structures would appear to have been the
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438:
3793:
2775:
497:
Prominent players to have adopted the
Hippopotamus on an occasional basis in more recent years include
533:
have used the system as an anti-computer line. Other players to have adopted the
Hippopotamus include
4006:
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947:
935:
923:
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431:
423:
415:
2782:, Tiger Hillarp Persson, Quality Chess, 2005 (chapter 4, pp93-118, covers the Hippopotamus).
4539:
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534:
491:
2720:
The
Hippopotamus Defence: A Deceptively Dangerous Universal Chess Opening System for Black)
4504:
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2007:
Hippopotamus
Defence: Benoni-type pawn structure (with ...e6xd5 or ...e5 to follow).
962:
483:
482:. The opening first came to public prominence, however, after being adopted twice by
17:
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2875:
2448:
1504:
522:
518:
2806:
Series of over 50 YouTube videos on the
Hippopotamus Defence by NM Solomon Ruddell
3878:
3868:
3617:
3580:
3463:
3074:
3069:
3027:
2880:
2746:
The Hippo System: A Universal Opening System for White & Black (4th Edition)
1498:
Hippopotamus Defence: King's Indian-type pawn structure (with ...f5 to follow).
514:
4514:
3575:
3411:
3401:
3334:
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510:
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3421:
3416:
3305:
3280:
3005:
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4407:
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3503:
3265:
2469:
If 21.Nxc8 Rxb2! 22 Qa5 Rxc8 23 Qxa6 Rcb8 followed by ...Nf4 and ...Bd4.
1219:
Hippopotamus Defence: French-type pawn structure (with ...c5 to follow).
473:
936:
416:
2939:
2823:
3081:
3406:
2427:
432:
948:
424:
2735:, Eric Briffoz, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform; 2017.
924:
2859:
2023:
1239:
4593:
2924:
2832:
2795:, Alessio de Santis & Simon Williams, Chessable.com, 2022.
1244:
until after the central pawn structure has been defined.
2759:
The Hippopotamus Rises: The Re-emergence of a Chess Opening
965:
White's pawns by responding to d4-d5 with ...Bg7xNc3).
2444:
Bxf3 18. gxf3 e5! 19. Bg3 h5 20. dxe5 dxe5 21. Kh1 Qg5 0–1
2413:
Petrosian vs. Spassky, World Championship 1966 (game 16)
2032:
Petrosian vs. Spassky, World Championship 1966 (game 12)
2828:
2660:
Petrosian vs. Spassky, World Championship 1966, Game 16
2648:
Petrosian vs. Spassky, World Championship 1966, Game 12
916:
A typical position in the Hippopotamus, White to move.
449:(1.e4 b6). The Hippopotamus can also be played against
2545:
Petrosian-Spassky, World Championship, 1966, Game 16
2533:
Petrosian-Spassky, World Championship, 1966, Game 12
1751:
Hippopotamus Defence: Sicilian-type pawn structure.
4497:
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3715:
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945:. Black will then proceed with the typical French
2045:
1757:
1515:
1248:
969:
554:
41:
2844:
2583:"Aron Nimzowitsch vs Akiba Rubinstein (1928)"
429:structure (bishops on b7 and g7) and a small
8:
2733:Easy Guide to the Hippo Attack & Defence
2464:, but it soon transposes to a Hippopotamus.
33:
2774:, Fritztrainer DVD-ROM by IM Andrew Martin
1503:The Hippopotamus can be considered an anti-
3721:
2851:
2837:
2829:
2686:. ChessGames.com. Retrieved on 2009-05-05.
2674:. ChessGames.com. Retrieved on 2009-05-05.
2662:. ChessGames.com. Retrieved on 2009-05-05.
2650:. ChessGames.com. Retrieved on 2009-05-05.
2638:. ChessGames.com. Retrieved on 2009-05-05.
2559:. ChessGames.com. Retrieved on 2009-05-05.
2547:. ChessGames.com. Retrieved on 2009-05-05.
2535:. ChessGames.com. Retrieved on 2009-05-05.
941:similar to that seen in many lines of the
421:employed by Black, consisting of a double
1229:(following a later …c5xd4 or d4xc5) or a
2761:, Andrew Martin, Batsford Chess, 2005.
2748:, Eric Briffoz & Gary Gifford, 2019
2722:, Alessio De Santis, New In Chess 2019.
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2597:"Nigel Short vs Garry Kasparov (2011)"
2293:
2097:
953:…c7-c5 and thematic queenside play.
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606:
441:but it occurs most frequently via the
275:
93:
32:
2811:Starting out the Hippopotamus defence
2440:0-0 15. exd6 cxd6 16. Qa3 Nf5 17. c3?
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2672:Barczay vs. Ivkov, Sousse (izt) 1967
2772:The Hippopotamus system of defence
25:
2816:Unusual Opening: The Hippo part 1
2042:World Championship 1966, game 16
4592:
4263:List of strong chess tournaments
2697:Tony Miles: 'It's Only Me'
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3241:Gökyay Association Chess Museum
2636:Spassky vs. Ujtelky, Sochi 1964
2557:Spassky vs. Ujtelky, Sochi 1964
1:
4361:Computer chess championships
488:1966 World Championship match
1233:(following a later d4-d5).
4143:Bishop and knight checkmate
4641:
4306:Other world championships
2699:, Batsford, 2003, p. 235.
455:
4587:
4153:Opposite-coloured bishops
2570:The Hippo System (4th Ed)
2407:Position after 10...0-0
38:
4280:World Chess Championship
3246:World Chess Hall of Fame
2793:The Hippopotamus Defence
2624:The Hippopotamus Defence
2508:The Hippopotamus Defence
462:to describe chess moves.
4574:Simultaneous exhibition
4484:Chess newspaper columns
4173:Rook and bishop vs rook
4163:Queen and pawn vs queen
2684:Baburin vs. Miles, 2000
2609:Tiger Hillarp Persson,
2568:Briffoz & Gifford,
4029:Richter–Veresov Attack
4017:Queen's Indian Defence
2521:The Hippopotamus Rises
2489:List of chess openings
2040:Petrosian vs. Spassky
4290:Candidates Tournament
4178:Rook and pawn vs rook
4148:King and pawn vs king
4099:List of chess gambits
4002:King's Indian Defence
3680:Isolated Queen's Pawn
3204:List of chess players
3146:Top player comparison
2945:Internet chess server
2455:, 4NCL, England 2000
2022:Spassky vs. Ujtelky,
959:King's Indian Defence
451:queen's pawn openings
4007:Nimzo-Indian Defence
3903:Scandinavian Defense
3864:Semi-Italian Opening
3769:King's Indian Attack
3658:first-move advantage
3311:Threefold repetition
3236:Bobby Fischer Center
3121:Charlemagne chessmen
3115:Göttingen manuscript
2920:Correspondence chess
477:International Master
411:Hippopotamus Defence
34:Hippopotamus Defence
18:Hippopotamus Defense
4235:Two knights endgame
3987:Bogo-Indian Defence
3874:Two Knights Defense
3814:Nimzowitsch Defence
3504:Artificial castling
3141:Soviet chess school
3016:Dubrovnik chess set
2622:Alessio de Santis,
2506:Alessio de Santis,
35:
4465:endgame literature
4012:Old Indian Defense
3922:Accelerated Dragon
3794:Alekhine's Defence
3526:Checkmate patterns
3395:symbols in Unicode
3390:annotation symbols
3153:Geography of chess
3021:Staunton chess set
2017:Illustrative games
480:Maximilian Ujtelky
460:algebraic notation
458:This article uses
4612:
4611:
4489:Chess periodicals
4418:Chess in the arts
4350:Chess composition
4188:Philidor position
4129:
4128:
4071:Trompowsky Attack
4054:Semi-Slav Defence
3944:Queen's Pawn Game
3824:Four Knights Game
3799:Caro–Kann Defence
3764:Zukertort Opening
3551:Discovered attack
3271:Cheating in chess
3108:Versus de scachis
2458:1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6
2405:
2404:
2005:
2004:
1749:
1748:
1496:
1495:
1217:
1216:
914:
913:
407:
406:
401:
400:
16:(Redirected from
4632:
4599:Chess portal
4597:
4596:
4540:Leela Chess Zero
4471:Oxford Companion
4423:early literature
4413:Chess aesthetics
4158:Pawnless endgame
4109:Bongcloud Attack
4087:List of openings
4059:Chigorin Defense
3997:Grünfeld Defence
3908:Sicilian Defence
3854:Ponziani Opening
3849:Philidor Defence
3844:Petrov's Defence
3786:King's Pawn Game
3759:Larsen's Opening
3722:
3083:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2830:
2708:
2693:
2687:
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2675:
2669:
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2626:, 2019, page 22.
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2510:, 2019, page 12.
2504:
2484:Hedgehog defense
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535:Aron Nimzowitsch
492:Tigran Petrosian
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4479:Chess libraries
4396:
4300:FIDE Grand Prix
4295:Chess World Cup
4249:
4245:Wrong rook pawn
4183:Lucena position
4125:
4075:
3992:Catalan Opening
3967:English Defence
3952:Budapest Gambit
3938:
3896:Austrian Attack
3780:
3749:English Opening
3711:
3707:School of chess
3690:Minority attack
3622:
3591:Queen sacrifice
3490:
3351:
3347:White and Black
3342:Touch-move rule
3301:Perpetual check
3296:Fifty-move rule
3252:
3088:
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2992:
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2716:
2714:Further reading
2711:
2694:
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2555:
2551:
2543:
2539:
2531:
2527:
2523:, 2005, p99-110
2519:Andrew Martin,
2518:
2514:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2480:
2462:English Defense
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551:
531:Hikaru Nakamura
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90:
80:
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4638:
4636:
4628:
4627:
4625:Chess openings
4617:
4616:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4606:
4601:
4588:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4565:
4564:
4559:
4549:
4548:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4522:
4520:Chess composer
4517:
4512:
4507:
4501:
4499:
4495:
4494:
4492:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4475:
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4451:
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4430:
4425:
4415:
4410:
4404:
4402:
4398:
4397:
4395:
4394:
4393:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4375:North American
4372:
4367:
4359:
4358:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4304:
4303:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4277:
4276:
4275:
4268:Chess Olympiad
4265:
4259:
4257:
4251:
4250:
4248:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4221:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4192:
4191:
4190:
4185:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4139:
4137:
4131:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4123:
4122:
4121:
4119:Scholar's mate
4116:
4111:
4101:
4096:
4095:
4094:
4083:
4081:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4062:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4034:Queen's Gambit
4031:
4026:
4021:
4020:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3977:Benoni Defence
3972:Indian Defence
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3948:
3946:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3936:
3935:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3915:
3905:
3900:
3899:
3898:
3888:
3886:Owen's Defence
3883:
3882:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3816:
3811:
3809:Modern Defence
3806:
3804:French Defence
3801:
3796:
3790:
3788:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3777:
3776:
3771:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3739:Bird's Opening
3736:
3730:
3728:
3719:
3713:
3712:
3710:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3693:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3670:Pawn structure
3667:
3662:
3661:
3660:
3650:
3649:
3648:
3638:
3632:
3630:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3594:
3593:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3517:
3516:
3514:Alekhine's gun
3506:
3500:
3498:
3492:
3491:
3489:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3467:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3436:
3431:
3430:
3429:
3427:Half-open file
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3370:Chess notation
3367:
3361:
3359:
3353:
3352:
3350:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3338:
3337:
3327:
3325:Pawn promotion
3322:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3262:
3260:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3249:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3228:
3226:Women in chess
3223:
3222:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3201:
3196:
3195:
3194:
3189:
3188:
3187:
3182:
3172:
3167:
3166:
3165:
3150:
3149:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3136:Hypermodernism
3133:
3131:Romantic chess
3128:
3126:Lewis chessmen
3123:
3118:
3111:
3098:
3096:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3079:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3025:
3024:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3002:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2984:
2983:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2964:world rankings
2956:
2955:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2942:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2893:Computer chess
2890:
2889:
2888:
2878:
2872:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2858:
2856:
2855:
2848:
2841:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2813:
2808:
2801:
2800:External links
2798:
2797:
2796:
2790:
2780:Tiger's Modern
2777:
2769:
2756:
2743:
2730:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2695:Geoff Lawton,
2688:
2676:
2664:
2652:
2640:
2628:
2615:
2613:, 2005, pp93-4
2611:Tiger's Modern
2602:
2588:
2574:
2561:
2549:
2537:
2525:
2512:
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2496:
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2256:
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2193:
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2165:
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2151:
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1279:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1247:
1246:
1237:
1225:to resemble a
1218:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1181:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1169:
1168:
1165:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1117:
1110:
1103:
1096:
1089:
1082:
1075:
1068:
1061:
1054:
1047:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1006:
1004:
1000:
999:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
979:
976:
973:
968:
967:
946:
943:French Defence
937:pawn structure
934:
922:
915:
912:
911:
909:
906:
903:
900:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
881:
878:
874:
873:
870:
866:
865:
862:
858:
857:
854:
850:
849:
846:
842:
841:
838:
834:
833:
830:
826:
825:
822:
814:
807:
800:
793:
786:
779:
772:
765:
758:
751:
744:
737:
730:
723:
716:
709:
702:
695:
688:
681:
674:
667:
660:
653:
646:
639:
632:
625:
618:
611:
604:
597:
591:
589:
585:
584:
582:
579:
576:
573:
570:
567:
564:
561:
558:
553:
552:
550:
547:
543:Magnus Carlsen
539:Garry Kasparov
527:Kiril Georgiev
499:Vlastimil Hort
469:
466:
457:
456:
447:Owen's Defence
443:Modern Defence
430:
422:
417:opening system
414:
405:
404:
399:
398:
396:
393:
390:
387:
384:
381:
378:
375:
372:
369:
368:
365:
361:
360:
357:
353:
352:
349:
345:
344:
341:
337:
336:
333:
329:
328:
325:
321:
320:
317:
313:
312:
309:
301:
294:
287:
280:
273:
266:
259:
252:
245:
238:
231:
224:
217:
210:
203:
196:
189:
182:
175:
168:
161:
154:
147:
140:
133:
126:
119:
112:
105:
98:
91:
84:
78:
76:
72:
71:
69:
66:
63:
60:
57:
54:
51:
48:
45:
40:
39:
29:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4637:
4626:
4623:
4622:
4620:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4589:
4586:
4580:
4579:Solving chess
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4569:Chess prodigy
4567:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4554:
4553:
4552:Chess problem
4550:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4527:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4502:
4500:
4496:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4473:
4472:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4460:opening books
4458:
4457:
4456:
4453:
4449:
4448:short stories
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4420:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4401:Art and media
4399:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4305:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4281:
4278:
4274:
4271:
4270:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4256:
4252:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4213:triangulation
4211:
4209:
4208:Tarrasch rule
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4195:
4193:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4168:Queen vs pawn
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4136:
4132:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4093:
4090:
4089:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4078:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4024:London System
4022:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3982:Modern Benoni
3980:
3978:
3975:
3974:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3962:Dutch Defence
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3947:
3945:
3941:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3910:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3839:King's Gambit
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3821:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3787:
3783:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3766:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3754:Grob's Attack
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3744:Dunst Opening
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3734:Benko Opening
3732:
3731:
3729:
3727:
3726:Flank opening
3723:
3720:
3718:
3714:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3654:
3651:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3592:
3589:
3588:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3497:
3493:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3481:Transposition
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3441:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3354:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3259:
3255:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3233:
3232:
3231:Chess museums
3229:
3227:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3199:Notable games
3197:
3193:
3190:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3154:
3151:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3104:
3103:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3091:
3084:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3029:
3026:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3007:
3004:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2989:
2988:World records
2986:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2974:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2959:Rating system
2957:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2891:
2887:
2884:
2883:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2854:
2849:
2847:
2842:
2840:
2835:
2834:
2831:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2799:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2788:9789197524360
2785:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2767:0-7134-8989-8
2764:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2754:9781796768466
2751:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2741:1-9739-7442-8
2738:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2728:9789056918316
2725:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2706:
2705:0-7134-8809-3
2702:
2698:
2692:
2689:
2685:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2668:
2665:
2661:
2656:
2653:
2649:
2644:
2641:
2637:
2632:
2629:
2625:
2619:
2616:
2612:
2606:
2603:
2598:
2592:
2589:
2584:
2578:
2575:
2571:
2565:
2562:
2558:
2553:
2550:
2546:
2541:
2538:
2534:
2529:
2526:
2522:
2516:
2513:
2509:
2503:
2500:
2494:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2472:
2468:
2463:
2459:
2454:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2432:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2031:
2025:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2014:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1790:
1789:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1508:
1506:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1242:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1002:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
989:
986:
983:
980:
977:
974:
972:
971:
966:
964:
960:
954:
951:
944:
939:
931:
927:
910:
907:
904:
901:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
884:
883:
879:
876:
875:
871:
868:
867:
863:
860:
859:
855:
852:
851:
847:
844:
843:
839:
836:
835:
831:
828:
827:
823:
587:
586:
583:
580:
577:
574:
571:
568:
565:
562:
559:
557:
556:
548:
546:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
525:. Meanwhile,
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
495:
493:
489:
485:
484:Boris Spassky
481:
478:
475:
467:
461:
454:
452:
448:
445:(1.e4 g6) or
444:
440:
435:
427:
419:
412:
397:
394:
391:
388:
385:
382:
379:
376:
373:
371:
370:
366:
363:
362:
358:
355:
354:
350:
347:
346:
342:
339:
338:
334:
331:
330:
326:
323:
322:
318:
315:
314:
310:
74:
73:
70:
67:
64:
61:
58:
55:
52:
49:
46:
44:
43:
37:
30:Chess opening
27:Chess opening
19:
4525:Chess engine
4510:Chess boxing
4470:
4240:Wrong bishop
4092:theory table
4066:Torre Attack
4049:Slav Defence
3957:Colle System
3932:Scheveningen
3891:Pirc Defence
3834:Italian Game
3829:Giuoco Piano
3774:Réti Opening
3697:Piece values
3685:Maróczy Bind
3646:the exchange
3636:Compensation
3566:Interference
3556:Double check
3330:Time control
3317:
3291:by agreement
3219:grandmasters
3163:South Africa
3113:
3106:
3082:Score sheets
3028:Chess pieces
2935:Online chess
2881:Chess titles
2876:Chess theory
2792:
2779:
2771:
2758:
2745:
2732:
2719:
2696:
2691:
2679:
2667:
2655:
2643:
2631:
2623:
2618:
2610:
2605:
2591:
2577:
2572:, 2019, p14.
2569:
2564:
2552:
2540:
2528:
2520:
2515:
2507:
2502:
2470:
2465:
2457:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2011:
1509:
1502:
1235:
1223:
955:
932:
920:
523:Luke McShane
519:Pavel Blatny
496:
471:
410:
408:
4455:Chess books
4255:Tournaments
4114:Fool's mate
3879:Vienna Game
3869:Scotch Game
3702:Prophylaxis
3618:Zwischenzug
3603:Undermining
3571:Overloading
3531:Combination
3380:descriptive
3075:Chess table
3070:Chess clock
2886:Grandmaster
515:Gata Kamsky
439:move orders
433:pawn centre
413:is a chess
4562:joke chess
4515:Chess club
4203:opposition
3665:Middlegame
3653:Initiative
3576:Pawn storm
3541:Deflection
3412:Key square
3402:Fianchetto
3335:Fast chess
3319:En passant
3011:chessboard
2822:videos at
2495:References
2442:(17.Rad1)
2438:(14.bxc3)
2431:Interzonal
949:pawn break
511:Tony Miles
507:Mihai Suba
425:fianchetto
4545:Stockfish
4535:Deep Blue
4530:AlphaZero
4438:paintings
4230:Tablebase
4194:Strategy
4104:Irregular
3859:Ruy Lopez
3819:Open Game
3586:Sacrifice
3546:Desperado
3449:connected
3422:Open file
3417:King walk
3375:algebraic
3306:Stalemate
3281:Checkmate
3006:Chess set
2998:Equipment
925:classical
503:Igor Glek
4619:Category
4604:Category
4557:glossary
4218:Zugzwang
4198:fortress
4135:Endgames
4044:Declined
4039:Accepted
3717:Openings
3675:Hedgehog
3641:Exchange
3628:Strategy
3608:Windmill
3459:isolated
3444:backward
3266:Castling
3209:amateurs
3102:Timeline
2976:Variants
2930:Glossary
2913:software
2898:glossary
2478:See also
1240:castling
1227:Sicilian
963:doubling
549:Analysis
490:against
4505:Arbiter
4498:Related
4355:Solving
4345:Amateur
3927:Najdorf
3509:Battery
3496:Tactics
3471:Swindle
3454:doubled
3434:Outpost
3365:Blunder
3180:Armenia
3094:History
2940:Premove
2908:engines
2903:matches
2868:Outline
2824:YouTube
2449:Baburin
2420:Barczay
486:in his
468:History
4443:poetry
4433:novels
4408:Caïssa
4340:Senior
4330:Junior
3918:Dragon
3913:Alapin
3598:Skewer
3464:passed
3407:Gambit
3214:female
3175:Europe
3158:Africa
3053:Knight
3048:Bishop
2820:part 2
2786:
2765:
2752:
2739:
2726:
2703:
2428:Sousse
1505:theory
1231:Benoni
474:Slovak
4390:WCSCC
4335:Youth
4325:Blitz
4320:Rapid
4310:Women
4273:Women
4225:Study
4080:Other
3613:X-ray
3536:Decoy
3521:Block
3476:Tempo
3439:Pawns
3357:Terms
3276:Check
3258:Rules
3192:India
3185:Spain
3170:China
3063:Fairy
3038:Queen
2969:norms
2860:Chess
2453:Miles
2433:1967
2424:Ivkov
2026:1964
2024:Sochi
4428:film
4385:WCCC
4380:TCEC
4370:CSVN
4315:Team
4285:List
3561:Fork
3486:Trap
3286:Draw
3058:Pawn
3043:Rook
3033:King
2981:List
2950:list
2925:FIDE
2818:and
2784:ISBN
2763:ISBN
2750:ISBN
2737:ISBN
2724:ISBN
2701:ISBN
2451:vs.
2422:vs.
541:and
529:and
521:and
409:The
4365:CCC
3581:Pin
3385:PGN
2467:Na4
2460:An
2029:1–0
4621::
2426:,
545:.
537:,
517:,
513:,
509:,
505:,
501:,
3920:/
2852:e
2845:t
2838:v
2707:.
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2060:d
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1999:h
1996:g
1993:f
1990:e
1987:d
1984:c
1981:b
1978:a
1971:1
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395:h
392:g
389:f
386:e
383:d
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351:3
348:3
343:4
340:4
335:5
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75:8
68:h
65:g
62:f
59:e
56:d
53:c
50:b
47:a
20:)
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