387:
56:
439:"The monastic reforms he called for in his "Hirsau Reform" became the most influential reforms of the 11th and 12th centuries east of the Rhine river, and served as an example to other monasteries." Many monasteries, perhaps as many as 200, both newly founded and long established, embraced the Hirsau Reforms. New abbeys, settled by monks from Hirsau, included
629:
530:, with a smaller following in Central and East Germany. The spread of the Hirsau Reforms was directly related to the reputation William had acquired through the ecclesio-political propaganda of the Investiture Controversy, as the main support of Pope Gregory's faction in Germany and in Swabia. He was on the side of the
427:, on which he based the "Constitutiones Hirsaugienses" ("Customs of Hirsau"), which later became very widespread as a result of the "Hirsau Reforms". These reforms particularly focused on discipline and obedience, tough punishments for infringements of the rules and continuous supervision of the monks.
394:
Under
William's abbacy, Hirschau reached the zenith of its glory and, despite the unusually strict monastic discipline which he introduced from Cluny, the number of priest-monks increased from 15 to 150. As the monastery, dedicated to Saint Aurelius, was cramped, over-crowded and subject to flooding,
326:
probably led to
William's being sent as successor in May 1069. He immediately took over the management of the monastery, but refused to accept the abbatial benediction till after the death of his unjustly deposed predecessor in 1071. He was solemnly inaugurated by the Bishop of Speyer on Ascension
360:
William eventually prevailed against Count
Adalbert II of Calw, who renounced his lay lordship over the abbey. Henry IV immediately put the monastic community under his own protection, although Hirsau was not made an
346:, probably drafted shortly after 1070, although it created the important link between the abbey and the monarchy, nevertheless largely confirmed the status of Hirsau as a private monastery of the counts.
541:, Count of Salm (1081–1088). Among other things, the tenacity of the Gregorian party in south-west Germany was due to him, quite apart from the reputation of Hirsau Abbey among ecclesiastical reformers.
756:
436:
in the German
Benedictine monasteries. Before this there were certainly men-servants in the monasteries, but they lived outside the monastery, wore no specifically religious clothing and took no vows.
879:
Benediktinisches Mönchtum im mittelalterlichen
Schwarzwald. Ein Lexikon. Vortrag beim Schwarzwaldverein St. Georgen e.V. St. Georgen im Schwarzwald, 10 November 2004 (= Vertex Alemanniae, H.10)
377:
of the abbey. The abbey, by deed of 9 October 1075, received the "complete freedom of the monastery", which included the freedom to elect and invest the abbot, and to elect or dismiss the
407:. The former site, he converted into a priory. In 1075 William went to Rome to obtain the papal confirmation for the exemption of Hirschau. On this occasion he became acquainted with
430:
Parallel with these developments he found it necessary, in order to bring under some sort of control the great numbers of laymen flocking to Hirsau, to create the institution of the
953:
323:
298:: more than 2.5 metres high, it is engraved on the front with an astrolabe sphere, while on the reverse side is the figure of a man gazing into the heavens, presumed to be the
1107:
556:
William of Hirsau was the author of the treatises "De astronomia", of which only the prologue is printed and "De musica". For centuries, he was miscredited with
1112:
901:, ed. Klaus Schreiner, in: Die Benediktinerklöster in Baden-Württemberg, ed. Franz Quarthal (= Germania Benedictina, Bd.5), pp. 281–303. Ottobeuren 1976.
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488:
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65:
1117:
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reformer and a saint), a friendship which lasted to the end of his life. William combined personal asceticism with an amiability toward others.
1137:
1097:
1087:
1132:
864:
1077:
677:
731:
P. L., loc. cit., 1147–78; Hans Müller, "Die Musik
Wilhelms von Hirsau", a critical edition with a German translation (Frankfurt, 1883)
271:. About the middle of the 11th century, William composed learned treatises on astronomy and music, disciplines that formed part of the
941:
1127:
1028:
971:
906:
688:
423:
William became the leading agent of the
Gregorian reform in Germany. He introduced to Hirsau, from no later than 1079, a number of
330:
In his first years of office he pursued the goal of making the abbey independent of secular powers, on the basis of the reforms of
1092:
338:
and of Cluny, which had begun to take effect some time previously. This policy put him in direct opposition to Hirsau's powerful
996:
1072:
920:
Die
Hirsauer. Ihre Ausbreitung und Rechtsstellung im Zeitalter des Investiturstreits (= Bonner Historische Abhandlungen, Bd.4)
267:
William became a priest and taught mathematics and astronomy. He was a skilled musician and made various improvements on the
798:
1102:
1062:
343:
1122:
1082:
383:, although it is true that the choice of candidates for the latter position was restricted to the kin of the founder.
837:
1147:
666:
986:, in: Lebensbilder aus Schwaben und Franken, Band 9, ed. Max Miller and Robert Uhland, pp. 1–17. Stuttgart.
411:, with whose efforts towards reforms he was in deep sympathy and whom he afterwards strongly supported in the
93:
399:. There, sometime after 1083, was built the largest monastery complex in Germany of the time, with its great
1000:
412:
400:
218:
46:
1067:
240:
221:. In the Roman Catholic Church, he is a Blessed, the second of three steps toward recognition as a saint.
1052:
869:
251:
was
William's teacher. It is generally believed that it was here that William first became friends with
190:
1057:
573:
569:
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244:
966:, in two parts (= Forschungen und Berichte der Archäologie in Baden-Württemberg, Bd.10). Stuttgart.
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147:
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Philosophicarum et
Astronomicarum Institutionum Guilielmi Hirsaugiensis Olim Abbatis Libri Tres
1024:
967:
937:
902:
844:
The Former Abbot William of Hirsau's Three Books of Philosophical and Astronomical Instruction
819:
684:
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335:
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Texts from "De musica" (ed. Gerbert, Migne and Harbison) in the Thesaurus musicarum latinarum
534:
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322:. as elected successor to the deposed Abbot Frederick. Their distant connection to the
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Johannes JĂĽrgen Seidel (1998). "Wilhelm von Hirsau". In Bautz, Traugott (ed.).
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17:
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979:, ed. Christian Berktold, in: Lexikon des Mittelalters, Band 9, Spalte 155f.
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Walz, Angelo. "San Guglielmo di Hirsau Abate", Santi e Beati, March 9, 2018
275:, in the knowledge of which William was considered unsurpassed in his day.
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568:, causing some scholars to further miscredit him with having originated
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833:, in: Jacques Paul Migne, Patrologia Latina, vol. 150, cols. 1147–1178
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William of Hirsau is commemorated by the Benedictines on 4 or 5 July.
523:
484:
456:
357:, drawn up between 1073 and 1075, put Hirsau under papal protection.
239:
entrusted to the Benedictines he received his education as a monk in
233:, possibly in about 1030; nothing more is known of his origins. As a
214:
134:
1017:
626:
Vol. 15. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912. 17 December 2021
467:. Already existing monasteries which accepted the reforms included
268:
632:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
544:
William died on 5 July 1091 and was buried in the abbey church.
379:
373:
315:
927:
Abt Wilhelm von Hirsau 1069–1091. Heiliger, Reformer, Politiker
757:
Appendix V: Excursus on a Supposed Anticipation of Saint Anselm
1023:(in German). Vol. 13. Herzberg: Bautz. cols. 1240–1241.
954:
Illustrations of the History of Medieval Thought and Learning
395:
He built a new monastic complex on the opposite side of the
934:
Music, scholasticism and reform: Salian Germany, 1024–1125
282:
which showed the variations of the heavenly bodies, the
278:
He constructed various astronomical instruments, made a
624:
Ott, Michael. "Bl. William." The Catholic Encyclopedia
1006:
802:
1019:
Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL)
825:
B. Lanfranci Cantuariensis archiepiscopi opera omnia
209:, which influenced many Benedictine monasteries in
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146:
131:
121:
109:
99:
89:
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72:
34:
1016:
886:Studien zur Entstehung der Hirsauer Konstitutionen
811:Wilhelm von Hirsau, Praefatio in sua astronomica
957:(2nd ed.), London: Richard Clay & Sons
929:, in: Der Landkreis Calw 1982–83, pp. 3–22
193:abbot and monastic reformer. He was abbot of
8:
522:Support for the reforms came primarily from
514:made for all the monasteries of the reform.
27:Benedictine abbot and reformer (c.1030–1091)
561:
487:. Finally, there were the priories such as
895:, revised S. Greiner, 14th edn. Pforzheim.
873:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 1913.
54:
31:
893:Hirsau. Seine Geschichte und seine Ruinen
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658:
371:). The count received by royal grant the
385:
611:
1108:St. George's Abbey in the Black Forest
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510:He also had a standard edition of the
290:and other phenomena. His famous stone
752:
740:
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581:Vita Willihelmi abbatis Hirsaugiensis
7:
1113:History of Catholic religious orders
667:"Wilhelm von Hirsau", Kloster Hirsau
365:directly answerable to the monarch (
791:Vita Wilhelmi abbatis Hirsaugiensis
678:Köpf, Ulrich, "William of Hirsau",
1143:11th-century Christian theologians
25:
318:had dismissed Abbot Friedrich of
627:
342:, the Counts of Calw. A writ of
1118:History of Catholic monasticism
962:Schreiner, Klaus (ed.), 1991.
881:, pp. 107ff. St. Georgen.
827:, Paris 1854 (cols. 1639–1642)
1:
1138:11th-century writers in Latin
913:Hirsau. Geschichte und Kultur
180:
1098:11th-century Christian monks
1088:Benedictine beatified people
579:His life is recorded in the
554:Constitutiones Hirsaugienses
425:reforms originating in Cluny
205:, and was the father of the
199:Constitutiones Hirsaugienses
60:William of Hirsau, from the
1133:11th-century German writers
911:Irtenkauf, Wolfgang, 1966.
769:"San Guglielmo di Hirsau",
306:(of the 3rd century B.C.).
294:can still be seen today in
1164:
1078:11th-century German clergy
964:Hirsau. St. Peter und Paul
831:Wilhelm von Hirsau, Musica
576:for the existence of God.
453:St. Georgen im Schwarzwald
255:(later distinguished as a
243:, a private church of the
197:, for whom he created the
877:Buhlmann, Michael, 2004.
846:] (in Latin), Basel:
680:Religion Past and Present
53:
1128:Benedictine spirituality
801:SS 12, pp. 209–225
449:St. Peter im Schwarzwald
1093:German beatified people
1001:German National Library
918:Jakobs, Hermann, 1961.
702:Encyclopedia Britannica
413:Investiture Controversy
219:Investiture Controversy
201:, based on the uses of
1073:German music theorists
1007:Online Mon.Germ. Hist.
982:Zimmermann, G., 1963.
722:P. L., loc. cit., 1639
562:
552:Besides composing the
518:Political implications
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176:
891:Greiner, Karl, 1993.
870:Catholic Encyclopedia
700:"William Of Hirsau",
483:, and St. Peter's in
390:Ruins of Hirsau Abbey
389:
189:– 5 July 1091) was a
94:Saint Emmeram's Abbey
949:Poole, Reginald Lane
936:(Manchester, 2009).
884:Fischer, Max, 1910.
857:Secondary literature
574:ontological argument
564:De Philosophia Mundi
403:church dedicated to
324:Bishop of Regensburg
302:astronomer and poet
249:Otloh of St. Emmeram
245:Bishop of Regensburg
229:William was born in
213:. He supported the
177:Wilhelm von Hirschau
1103:11th-century abbots
1063:German Benedictines
932:McCarthy, T. J. H.
915:, 2nd ed. Konstanz.
713:P. L., CL, 923–1146
539:Herman of Luxemburg
247:, where the famous
241:St. Emmeram's Abbey
1123:German astronomers
1083:Benedictine abbots
984:Wilhelm von Hirsau
815:Jacques Paul Migne
806:(Online version 2)
803:(Online version 1)
795:Wilhelm Wattenbach
558:William of Conches
415:against Henry IV.
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66:Reichenbach Priory
997:William of Hirsau
977:Wilhelm v. Hirsau
820:Patrologia Latina
493:Baden-WĂĽrttemberg
368:reichsunmittelbar
169:William of Hirsau
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741:Petri (1531)
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195:Hirsau Abbey
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141:Hirsau Abbey
116:Hirsau Abbey
104:Hirsau Abbey
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1058:1091 deaths
1010:(in German)
925:Köhler, J.
865:Bl. William
505:Fischbachau
489:Reichenbach
405:Saint Peter
349:However, a
332:Gorze Abbey
191:Benedictine
184: 1030
152:4 or 5 July
113:5 July 1091
1047:Categories
602:References
445:Blaubeuren
441:Zwiefalten
401:Romanesque
340:lay abbots
296:Regensburg
273:quadrivium
263:Activities
225:Early life
158:Attributes
1003:catalogue
607:Citations
570:St Anselm
528:Franconia
501:Franconia
497:Schönrain
465:Thuringia
351:privilege
292:astrolabe
288:equinoxes
284:solstices
100:Residence
62:cartulary
951:(1920),
771:Avvenire
590:See also
473:Konstanz
433:conversi
336:Lorraine
280:sun-dial
90:Hometown
999:in the
512:Vulgate
481:Comburg
257:Cluniac
231:Bavaria
217:in the
211:Germany
84:Bavaria
37:Blessed
1027:
970:
940:
905:
899:Hirsau
850:, 1531
813:, in:
797:, in:
793:, ed.
687:
683:2011,
548:Legacy
524:Swabia
485:Erfurt
459:, and
457:Swabia
397:Nagold
374:Vogtei
310:Abbacy
215:papacy
187:
173:German
135:shrine
133:Major
842:[
471:near
300:Greek
269:flute
203:Cluny
148:Feast
1025:ISBN
968:ISBN
938:ISBN
903:ISBN
685:ISBN
526:and
503:and
451:and
380:Vogt
316:Calw
110:Died
81:1030
78:Born
867:".
799:MGH
572:'s
560:'s
499:in
491:in
463:in
455:in
353:of
334:in
64:of
47:OSB
1049::
817:,
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657:^
641:^
614:^
583:.
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479:,
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447:,
443:,
286:,
181:c.
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175::
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959:.
944:.
863:"
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743:.
636:.
171:(
20:)
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