33:
624:
537:
663:
697:. It soon became apparent that III Corps was the only corps-level unit of the Army of Norway to make significant progress. Operations of the two German corps of the Army of Norway were thus largely halted, and German reinforcements were allocated to support the attack of the III Corp. The main objective of the III Corps was to be the Murmansk railroad in the area of
771:, Siilasvuo's III Corps was moved to northern Finland where it took overall command of all the Finnish forces participating in the operation. Over the following months, Siilasvuo's forces slowly pushed the Germans out of Lapland, with the final German forces leaving Finland on 27 April 1945. Siilasvuo was awarded with the
708:
and
Siilasvuo discussed continuing the III Corps's advance towards Loukhi. Due to Hitler's August order that the forces in the area were to go on the defensive, the plan was phrased as III Corp improving its positions. The Finnish high command was informed about the operation on 25 October, but
596:
and was given command of the peace-time army's V Corps. The same year, he also published a book on the Battle of
Suomussalmi. Historian Mikko Uola describes the book as "taking all credit for the success of Suomussalmi and completely ignoring other commanders who influenced the events, such as
724:
expressing his concern over the operation to
Mannerheim. By 11 November, Siilasvuo was actively slowing down the attack by ordering construction of further field fortifications and on 17 November he gave a written order to halt the attack. By December the fighting in the area had calmed down.
713:. The operation began on 30 October, but already on 5 November Siilasvuo was informed by the Finnish high command that the attack should be halted for political reasons, and that no additional Finnish reinforcements would be forthcoming despite Siilasvuo's wishes. The
744:, into two corps-level formations on 4 March 1944. The eastern side of the isthmus was handed to the III Corps, the headquarters of which was moved to the area from northern Finland, with Siilasvuo reinstated as the commander of the corps. The Soviet
1469:
585:. The defense of Siilasvuo's forces prevented the Soviet 9th Army from reaching Oulu, which would have resulted in the bisection of Finland into two separate theatres of operation. Siilasvuo's forces were still engaged in the
759:, Finland had to remove of any German forces remaining in Finland. German forces in the Finnish north initially fell back towards Norway in unofficial cooperation with the Finnish forces. However, following the failure of
1328:
Tuunainen, Pasi (2015). "The transfer of military knowledge and the
Finnish Civil War: The Finnish volunteers in the Royal Prussian Jaeger Battalion 27 as adopters and disseminators of the German art of war, 1915–1918".
659:. Following the start of the Finnish mobilization on 10 June 1941, the corps was subordinated to the headquarters of the German Army of Norway on 15 June 1941, and was designated III Corps on 18 June 1941.
783:
Following the end of the
Lapland War, Siilasvuo remained in military service, acting as the commander of the 1st Division from 1944 to 1947. He died in Oulu on 11 January 1947, and is buried in the
794:, who had served as a platoon leader, staff officer and company commander in III Corps during the Continuation War, also became a Finnish general following service in peace-keeping duties for the
577:, as the actions in the region came to be known, resulted in the shattering of the Soviet 163rd Rifle Division which had been encircled in Suomussalmi, as well as the destruction of the
1494:
1499:
639:
negotiations regarding plans for a future war with the Soviet Union, the
Germans proposed that the Finns would be in charge of operations in the South-Eastern Finland and east of
1484:
752:. The III Corps front stabilized along the Vuoksi for the rest of the war, with the Soviet forces failing to break through on the III Corps sector despite several attempts.
1504:
509:) in 1927 and to head of department in 1928. Later in 1928, he again took command of a battalion, which was followed by a promotion to both the rank of
1464:
1489:
801:
During his life, Siilasvuo was granted several
Finnish awards, the most notable of which are Mannerheim Cross 2nd Class, the Grand Cross of the
1280:
1479:
652:
618:
182:
701:. Despite the German reinforcements, III Corps was unable to reach Loukhi and by August both sides had settled for stationary warfare.
802:
416:
301:
745:
1428:
1318:
1299:
1261:
428:
775:
in
December 1944, with the bestowal document referencing his actions in the Winter War, the Continuation War and the Lapland War.
569:. The initially approximately brigade-sized formation under his command eventually grew to a size where it was reorganized as the
736:
in
January 1944, the Finnish high command began preparations for a Soviet offensive. As part of these preparations it split the
271:
1474:
729:
in 1942 and, in late 1942, was made the inspector of military schools. Siilasvuo himself viewed this transfer as a punishment.
427:. As a member of the movement, Siilavuo left for Germany in early 1915. While in Germany, the Finnish volunteers formed the
806:
498:
306:
1187:
570:
188:
436:
380:
210:
656:
748:
began on 9 July 1944. Threatened to be cut off, III Corps fell back and eventually took defensive positions along
814:
317:
714:
705:
628:
140:
1232:
717:
had given the
Finnish government a note demanding the attack be stopped, which in turn had resulted in the
440:
62:
1313:. Sotatieteen laitoksen julkaisuja XXV (in Finnish). Vol. 4. Porvoo: Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö.
1294:. Sotatieteen laitoksen julkaisuja XXV (in Finnish). Vol. 1. Porvoo: Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö.
1210:
574:
545:
490:
244:
651:. In turn, the Finns would subordinate Siilasvuo's peace-time V Corps (which would become the war time
454:
Siilasvuo returned to Finland in 1918 together with the bulk of the Finnish Jägers, taking part in the
767:
from its Finnish defenders, the Finno-German cooperation completely broke down. During the subsequent
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1454:
718:
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818:
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367:
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643:, with overall command of both Finnish and German troops in the area falling under the Finnish
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According to the German plans, Siilasvuo's III Corps was to secure the southern flank of
631:(left) with Major General Hjalmar Siilasvuo (right) at the start of the Continuation War.
478:. Siilasvuo was given command of a battalion in late 1918. In 1920, he was promoted to a
795:
606:
459:
66:
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518:
513:
and the command of a brigade/regiment in 1933. He was given command of the Pohjanmaa
424:
108:
94:
407:
Hjalmar Fridolf Siilasvuo was born as Hjalmar Fridolf Strömberg on 18 March 1892 in
636:
598:
559:
525:
479:
444:
234:
145:
1394:. Studia Biographica (in Finnish). Vol. 4. The Finnish Literature Society.
1366:. Studia Biographica (in Finnish). Vol. 4. The Finnish Literature Society.
768:
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640:
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278:
205:
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his surname from the Swedish Strömberg to Siilasvuo and became a member of the
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of 1939–1940, Siilasvuo was in charge of the Finnish forces in the region of
439:. During this time, Siilasvuo took part in several battles in the regions of
704:
By 6 October 1941, the situation at the front had improved to a point where
423:, which aimed at sending Finnish volunteers to receive military training in
411:
to newspaper reporter Frans Strömberg and Hulda Röman. He graduated as an
686:
678:
408:
58:
1350:
1197:. Combat Studies Institute, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College
764:
510:
467:
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419:
and began to study law. During his studies, he became involved in the
749:
698:
997:
995:
661:
622:
535:
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Salli Kolsi. The couple had three children between 1922 and 1926.
37:
Hjalmar Siilasvuo (right) receiving a situation report during the
1470:
Military personnel from Uusimaa Province (Grand Duchy of Finland)
1271:
Nenye, Vesa; Munter, Peter; Wirtanen, Toni; Birks, Chris (2016).
522:
470:, Siilasvuo saw action as a company commander in the Battles of
82:
581:, which was attempting to reinforce the 163rd Division, in the
710:
1273:
Finland at War: The Continuation and Lapland Wars 1941–45
871:
869:
677:, the German-led operation whose goal was the capture of
1073:
982:
980:
505:) where he was promoted to a chief of office (Finnish:
1256:(in Finnish). Helsinki: Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö.
1188:"Fighting the Russians in Winter: Three Case studies"
302:
Grand Cross of the Order of the White Rose of Finland
1417:
The German Northern Theater of Operations 1940–1945
1145:
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23:
1235:[Hjalmar Siilasvuo fills the Walo house].
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1252:Leskinen, Jari; Juutilainen, Antti, eds. (2005).
361:, 18 March 1892 – 11 January 1947) was a Finnish
1495:Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Liberty
1500:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1939), 1st class
8:
1233:"Hjalmar Siilasvuo veti Walon talon täyteen"
763:which involved a German attempt to capture
1485:Finnish military personnel of World War II
31:
20:
875:
709:nobody informed the German high command,
681:. The corps was to advance first to the
830:
1219:
1208:
1109:
986:
971:
605:, as well as his subordinates such as
1423:. United States Government Printing.
1157:
740:, responsible for the defence of the
7:
1169:
887:
860:
655:) to the headquarters of the German
619:Finnish III Corps (Continuation War)
501:Department of War Affairs (Finnish:
592:In 1940, Siilasvuo was promoted to
528:. He held the position until 1940.
429:27th Royal Prussian Jäger Battalion
803:Order of the White Rose of Finland
489:In 1926, Siilasvuo graduated from
417:Svenska normallyceum i Helsingfors
14:
813:(both 1st and 2nd Class) and the
540:General Hjalmar Siilasvuo in 1939
1465:Military personnel from Helsinki
1360:"Siilasvuo, Hjalmar (1892–1947)"
1309:Sotatieteen laitos, ed. (1993).
1290:Sotatieteen laitos, ed. (1988).
613:Continuation War and Lapland War
1490:Knights of the Mannerheim Cross
1231:Harju, Anja (26 October 2008).
1146:Leskinen & Juutilainen 2005
1134:Leskinen & Juutilainen 2005
1122:Leskinen & Juutilainen 2005
1098:Leskinen & Juutilainen 2005
1086:Leskinen & Juutilainen 2005
1388:"Siilasvuo, Ensio (1922–2003)"
809:. He also received the German
1:
807:Order of the Cross of Liberty
746:Vyborg–Petrozavodsk offensive
307:Order of the Cross of Liberty
1505:Jägers of the Jäger Movement
532:Winter War and Interim Peace
437:Eastern Front of World War I
381:Eastern Front of World War I
1480:Finnish lieutenant generals
1254:Jatkosodan pikkujättiläinen
755:As one of the terms of the
348:Writings, Municipal Council
272:Svir–Petrozavodsk offensive
16:Finnish general (1892–1947)
1521:
1343:10.13109/kize.2015.28.1.91
725:Siilasvuo was promoted to
616:
579:Soviet 44th Rifle Division
543:
1331:Kirchliche Zeitgeschichte
1275:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
815:Order of the German Eagle
732:Following the end of the
466:, but soon promoted to a
379:. He participated in the
359:Hjalmar Fridolf Strömberg
355:Hjalmar Fridolf Siilasvuo
318:Order of the German Eagle
30:
1414:Ziemke, Earl F. (1959).
715:United States of America
706:Nikolaus von Falkenhorst
629:Nikolaus von Falkenhorst
1186:Chew, Allen F. (1981).
1062:Sotatieteen laitos 1993
1050:Sotatieteen laitos 1993
1038:Sotatieteen laitos 1993
1026:Sotatieteen laitos 1993
1014:Sotatieteen laitos 1993
1002:Sotatieteen laitos 1993
960:Sotatieteen laitos 1993
948:Sotatieteen laitos 1993
936:Sotatieteen laitos 1993
924:Sotatieteen laitos 1988
912:Sotatieteen laitos 1988
900:Sotatieteen laitos 1988
497:and transferred to the
1475:Swedish-speaking Finns
1218:Cite journal requires
1193:. Leavenworth Papers.
670:
635:During the 1941 Finno-
632:
597:Siilasvuo's superiors
541:
506:
502:
366:
179:1st Division (1944–47)
63:Grand Duchy of Finland
1311:Jatkosodan historia 4
1292:Jatkosodan historia 1
689:line and then to the
665:
626:
575:Battle of Suomussalmi
546:Battle of Suomussalmi
539:
517:in 1934. In 1936, he
323:Iron Cross, 1st Class
245:Battle of Suomussalmi
155:Years of service
1386:Uola, Mikko (2000).
1358:Uola, Mikko (2006).
675:Operation Silver Fox
668:Operation Silver Fox
589:when the war ended.
583:Battle of Raate Road
550:Battle of Raate Road
493:, was promoted to a
433:Imperial German Army
375:and a member of the
267:Operation Silver Fox
250:Battle of Raate Road
141:Finnish Jäger troops
136:Imperial German Army
39:Battle of Raate-Road
1076:, pp. 245–249.
1064:, pp. 343–347.
1052:, pp. 370–374.
1040:, pp. 292–295.
1016:, pp. 101–102.
914:, pp. 177–179.
761:Operation Tanne Ost
499:Ministry of Defence
458:on the side of the
431:, fighting for the
371:), a knight of the
1392:Kansallisbiografia
1364:Kansallisbiografia
819:Order of the Sword
817:; and the Swedish
734:Siege of Leningrad
727:lieutenant general
671:
666:Original plan for
645:commander-in-chief
633:
542:
503:sota-asiain osasto
495:lieutenant colonel
368:kenraaliluutnantti
363:lieutenant general
312:Order of the Sword
167:Lieutenant General
1282:978-1-47-281528-6
1074:Nenye et al. 2016
950:, pp. 21–22.
938:, pp. 14–15.
890:, pp. 17–18.
719:Finnish President
691:Murmansk railroad
558:During the Finno-
515:Military District
507:toimistopäällikkö
456:Finnish Civil War
385:Finnish Civil War
352:
351:
228:Battle of Viipuri
223:Battle of Tampere
218:Finnish Civil War
119:
113:
25:Hjalmar Siilasvuo
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790:Siilasvuo's son
779:Death and legacy
773:Mannerheim Cross
757:Moscow Armistice
742:Karelian Isthmus
603:Paavo Susitaival
393:Continuation War
373:Mannerheim Cross
297:Mannerheim Cross
262:Continuation War
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792:Ensio Siilasvuo
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587:Battle of Kuhmo
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554:Battle of Kuhmo
544:Main articles:
534:
405:
345:Other work
338:Ensio Siilasvuo
328:
285:
255:Battle of Kuhmo
194:
185:(1941–42; 1944)
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76:11 January 1947
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1220:|journal=
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1114:
1112:, p. 296.
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1090:
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1004:, p. 100.
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989:, p. 180.
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928:
926:, p. 183.
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902:, p. 172.
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876:Tuunainen 2015
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796:United Nations
780:
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657:Army of Norway
617:Main article:
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607:Alpo Marttinen
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80:(aged 54)
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67:Russian Empire
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962:, p. 22.
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878:, p. 91.
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785:Oulu Cemetery
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595:
594:major general
590:
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584:
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811:Iron Cross
722:Risto Ryti
649:Mannerheim
647:, Marshal
563:Winter War
519:finnicized
484:pharmacist
464:lieutenant
462:. First a
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403:Early life
389:Winter War
365:(Finnish:
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102:Allegiance
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825:Notes
683:Ukhta
480:major
340:(son)
1438:2021
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1396:ISSN
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