432:, and was founded by the papal bull, Ratione congruit, issued by Sixtus V in 1585, which invoked two saints prominent in Western musical history: Gregory the Great, for whom the Gregorian chant is named, and Saint Cecilia, the patron saint of music. It was founded as a "congregation" or "confraternity" – a religious guild, so to speak – and over the centuries, has grown from a forum for local musicians and composers to an internationally acclaimed academy active in music scholarship (with 100 prominent music scholars forming the body of the Accademia) to music education (in its role as a conservatory) to performance (with an active choir and symphony orchestra).
634:
646:
careers in music. These schools may be formally or informally attached to a conservatory. Entry is typically between the ages of ages 8 and 18 and admission is through competitive audition. Schools may be public or independent; where schools are independent, pupils may be in receipt of governmental or private scholarships. Typically as students progress through the school the time spent on music increases and on academic subjects decrease. These schools usually teach only instrumentalists but may also include choristers.
43:
777:. Some schools or conservatories are exclusively focused on music. Others have a wider focus, for example covering music, drama and dance. Conservatories are suitable for students who wish to develop their performance, conducting, or composition to a professional standard. Typically, they offer a high percentage of practical training combined with academic study and professional development for those considering a career in the creative arts. Individual teaching is the strength of most components.
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601:(1866). The second half of the 19th century saw the network expanding to the Americas, Rio de Janeiro (1847), Boston (1853), Baltimore and Chicago (1868), Havana (1885), and Buenos Aires (1893). Establishments for advanced training in music were organized in the 1940s in several Asian and African countries, including Iraq, Lebanon, and Kenya.
903:
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453:'saved') were given a musical education there, and the term gradually applied to music schools. These hospitals-conservatories were among the first secular institutions equipped for practical training in music. By the 18th century, Italian conservatories were already playing a major role in the training of artists and composers.
664:
Specialist music units in
Scotland, where students are drawn from an area wider than the host schools catchment. Students will receive specialist music tuition within the music school but are fully integrated within the host school for other lessons. Entry to the specialist music unit or school is by
885:
University music departments originally placed more emphasis on academic study of music, rather than performance. However, today, the division may not be so rigid, with many often placing greater emphasis on performance now than they did in the past. The specific balance of vocational training and
645:
Specialist music schools exist in many countries and whose purpose is to identify, and assist, children with exceptional potential, to benefit from world-class specialist training as part of a broad and balanced education, which will enable them, if they choose, to proceed towards self-sustaining
350:
10, Alfred
Sendrey suggests that we find "a sudden and unexplained upsurge of large choirs and orchestras, consisting of thoroughly organized and trained musical groups, which would be virtually inconceivable without lengthy, methodical preparation". This has led some scholars to believe that the
341:
Although music in general and music education may have been in existence for thousands of years, the earliest history is speculative. Even when history starts to be recorded, music is mentioned more frequently than music education. Within the biblical tradition, Hebrew litany was accompanied with
890:
status, whilst other countries do not define such a rigid division. In addition to offering degrees similar to those offered at conservatories, some universities offer non-professional music-related degrees such as a
Bachelor of Arts in Music or a Bachelor of Arts in Music Education. A number of
780:
Students have the opportunity to perform, conduct or have their music played on a regular basis, both informally and in public. This may be solo or as part of an orchestra, ensemble or band. Typically, conservatories focus on
Western classical music. However, some schools focus on traditional
728:
Non-governmental or private schools of music offer music education outside the general education system for students aged 4 to 20+ years. In general, students attend these schools weekend or evening. These schools are typically provided by individuals, charitable or commercial organizations.
676:
in
England are schools that get additional private and governmental money to specialize in music. Entry is to the host school and musical ability is not an admission requirement. Schools which perform highly may specialize in an additional area for example sports or technology.
700:
Many conservatories or other tertiary-level institutions have pre-college divisions or junior departments for children of school age. Typically the curriculum includes individual lesson(s), orchestra,
844:. Some schools may offer a non-academic degree that is solely performance based, such as the (United States) A.D. or Artist Diploma; this may be offered at the undergraduate and/or graduate level.
608:
are more in line with the tradition set in Italy (where tuition at conservatories remains still free) than in an
English-speaking country, where students have a very selective access to
561:
It was the example set in Naples, where admission was by competitive examination and tuition was free, that was then copied, with modifications, in many
European cities, including
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academic study varies from one institution to another, and from one country to another. Some countries separately define their institutions between university status and
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was founded by the viceroy De Castro in 1617; the teaching of music was introduced there many decades later, with lessons in choral singing and violin.
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226:. Elementary-school children can access music instruction also in after-school institutions such as music academies or music schools. In Venezuela
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374:, England, founded as a Cathedral School in 909 AD to educate choristers, continues today to educate choristers and teaches instrumentalists.
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517:(1740–1816) studied and then taught, started teaching music in the mid-1600 and in the following decades will give more priority to the
424:(National Academy of St Cecilia) is one of the oldest musical institutions in the world, based in Italy. It is based at the Auditorium
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Lee Krähenbühl: A Theatre Before the World: Performance
History at the Intersection of Hebrew, Greek, and Roman Religious Processional
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1366:'The French form of the word is even sometimes assumed as the name of musical schools in England. In the U.S. the anglicized form
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The time required to complete music degrees is generally not much different from degrees in other fields, i.e. 3–4 years for a
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can be provided within the compulsory general education system, or within specialized children's music schools such as the
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480:('The Paupers of Jesus Christ'), founded in 1599 by Marcello Fossataro, already included in their official record a
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originally referred more to a guild rather than school). The school consisted of monks, secular clergy, and boys.
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was strictly a secular place for teaching and learning specializing in music education. There were already four
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was the patriarch of a school which taught not only prophets and holy men, but also sacred-rite musicians.
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or
Pentateuch was silent on the practice and instruction of music in the early life of Israel. However, by
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Many music schools are located within existing schools. The pattern is quite diverse and may include:
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of youth orchestras provides free after-school instrumental instruction through music schools called
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The term "music school" can also be applied to institutions of higher education under names such as
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593:(1827); a bit later two conservatories were founded in Russia by Rubinstein brothers – Anton in
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404:. The Notre Dame school (late 12th and early 13th century) developed the earliest repertory of
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720:. Classes are usually held on a Saturday and children attend normal schools during the week.
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was founded in 1583 and the earliest findings suggest musical activity around the year 1615;
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672:, some of which achieve high standards. These are sometimes referred to as Music schools.
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was founded in 1578, was the first conservatory in the world. Here the composer
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previously independent conservatories have become affiliated to universities
665:
competitive audition, which also effectively gives entry to the host school.
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Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and
Performing Arts
366:(540–604) made permanent an existing guild dating from the 4th century (
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3852:
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1978:
1699:
1659:
1639:
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which includes both traditional and classical instruments, for example
397:
385:
1477:
1216:
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music to gain international circulation. First records on the Spanish
380:, 10th to 12th century, was an important school of composition at the
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1973:
1709:
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352:
66:
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1027:
The origins of music Nils Lennart Wallin, Steven Brown, Björn Merker
1386:
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition
1247:
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2144:
1827:
1749:
1679:
1548:
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851:
741:
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was developed, thanks to the work of musicians and educators like
343:
324:
98:
56:
41:
649:
Some schools (like conservatories) are broader and may cover the
1983:
1769:
1266:
798:
487:
429:
362:
in Rome may be the first recorded music school in history, when
3588:
3584:
2361:
1521:
1204:
637:
Musikgymnasium Schloss Belvedere, a specialist music school in
546:(1684–1755), who was also Pergolesi's and Paisiello's teacher.
1489:
692:
Music schools also frequently operate from church facilities.
142:
412:, a boys' choir linked to a music school, date back to 1307.
1441:
166:
151:
1217:
Sächsisches Landesgymnasium für Musik "Carl Maria von Weber
157:
192:). Instruction consists of training in the performance of
1517:
981:(United States) National Association of Schools of Music
761:
A conservatory of music may also be known in English as
400:. In this respect, it was an important precursor to the
824:
Degree. A PhD degree can be gained for areas such as
175:
163:
148:
139:
532:
It is in these very institutions that the so-called
160:
154:
97:
specialized in the study, training, and research of
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1997:
1933:
1855:
1833:
Evolution of timpani in the 18th and 19th centuries
1798:
1728:
1605:
1555:
145:
1341:
1141:
724:Music schools outside the general education system
204:, as well as academic and research fields such as
1394:: (Austral.) the usual term for conservatoire'
1298:Manhattan School of Music Pre-college Division
949:List of university and college schools of music
301:. In other parts of Europe, the equivalents of
1093:Harvard Dictionary of Music: St Martial school
966:Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music
53:, one of the world's most elite conservatories
3600:
1533:
101:. Such an institution can also be known as a
8:
337:was an important centre of polyphonic music.
310:
668:Many public or independent schools contain
449:) were attached to hospitals. The orphans (
27:Institution specializing in music education
4379:
4219:
4173:
4104:
3812:
3630:
3607:
3593:
3585:
2358:
1602:
1540:
1526:
1518:
265:as the Don Wright Faculty of Music of the
2182:Music technology (electronic and digital)
589:(1821), London (1822), the Hague (1826),
960:National and international organisations
797:. Alternatively, students can focus on
497:was founded in 1535, where the composer
1019:
976:European Association of Conservatoires
473:active in the 16th and 18th century:
285:, like the Department of Music at the
1715:Vietnam imperial court music—Nhã nhạc
388:. It is known for the composition of
187:
7:
4537:
4387:Ancient higher-learning institutions
1362:participating institution membership
1162:participating institution membership
422:Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia
287:University of California, Santa Cruz
927:Music schools in the United Kingdom
3396:Classical and art music traditions
1823:History of lute-family instruments
1640:Cambodian ceremonial music—Pinpeat
932:Music schools in the United States
785:. Others may have departments for
313:Hochschule für Musik und Tanz Köln
25:
954:List of pre-college music schools
937:Category:Music schools by country
4536:
4527:
4526:
4515:
3568:
3567:
3554:
3540:
3112:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
2587:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2187:Sound recording and reproduction
1635:Burmese classical music—Mahāgīta
1505:
901:
135:
3416:Jazz and popular music glossary
1466:Royal Conservatoire of Scotland
688:'s Junior Department in London.
624:Primary and secondary education
524:plus one only for girls called
439:has its origin in 16th-century
317:(Cologne University of Music).
4578:Types of university or college
2657:Federated States of Micronesia
604:To this extent, projects like
1:
1695:Philippine art songs—Kundiman
1615:Afghan classical music—Klasik
1267:Sgoil Chiùil na Gàidhealtachd
1191:A. Della Corte, G. M. Gatti,
1179:The Great Soviet Encyclopedia
857:Oberlin Conservatory of Music
360:schola cantorum (papal choir)
267:University of Western Ontario
63:Saint Petersburg Conservatory
3793:University technical college
3561:Record production portal
3406:Cultural and regional genres
1660:Indonesian art music—Gamelan
1478:Conservatorium van Amsterdam
1131:. Retrieved 16 November 2010
816:degree, and 3–5 years for a
657:Music schools within schools
511:Sant'Onofrio a porta Capuana
2177:Music technology (electric)
1710:Thai classical music—Piphat
1665:Japanese court music—Gagaku
1412:Third Unabridged Dictionary
1113:. retrieved 9 November 2010
848:University schools of music
121:(of a larger institution),
4594:
3722:College-preparatory school
1818:History of the harpsichord
1705:Kandyan dance of Sri Lanka
1492:Retrieved 15 November 2010
1480:retrieved 14 November 2010
1468:retrieved 20 December 2018
1456:retrieved 14 November 2010
1331:retrieved 14 November 2010
1312:retrieved 14 November 2010
1300:retrieved 14 November 2010
1288:retrieved 14 November 2010
1269:retrieved 14 November 2010
1257:retrieved 14 November 2010
1238:retrieved 14 November 2010
1229:English Aided Pupil Scheme
1219:retrieved 14 November 2010
757:, has over 1,600 students.
535:Scuola Musicale Napoletana
29:
4510:
4382:
4222:
4176:
4107:
3815:
3732:Comprehensive high school
3534:
2368:
1645:Chinese traditional music
1444:retrieved 9 November 2010
1432:retrieved 9 November 2010
1349:Oxford English Dictionary
1149:Oxford English Dictionary
1095:retrieved 9 November 2010
1083:retrieved 9 November 2010
1071:retrieved 9 November 2010
1048:retrieved 9 November 2010
1036:retrieved 9 November 2010
922:Music schools in Scotland
499:Giovan Battista Pergolesi
443:Italy, where orphanages (
311:
309:may be used, such as the
47:Curtis Institute of Music
4089:State-integrated school
3963:By funding / eligibility
3742:Continuation high school
2532:Central African Republic
2075:Computational musicology
1620:Andalusi classical music
1327:31 December 2010 at the
1284:4 September 2010 at the
1234:26 December 2010 at the
812:degree, 1–2 years for a
684:300 children attend the
629:Specialist music schools
471:conservatories in Naples
299:New England Conservatory
279:Berklee College of Music
71:Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
4502:Educational institution
4122:Anarchistic free school
3868:Institute of technology
3421:Music genres and styles
1720:Western classical music
1690:Persian classical music
1354:Oxford University Press
1279:Guildford County School
1154:Oxford University Press
1128:Encyclopædia Britannica
1110:Encyclopædia Britannica
653:: music, drama, dance.
478:I poveri di Gesù Cristo
410:Escolania de Montserrat
273:, characterized by the
247:University of Rochester
243:Eastman School of Music
4332:Compensatory education
4084:State or public school
3910:Upper division college
3401:Classical music genres
2477:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2018:Doctor of Musical Arts
1838:History of the trumpet
1650:Indian classical music
1430:Royal Academy of Music
1081:Wells Cathedral School
1008:Doctor of Musical Arts
916:Country-specific pages
882:
867:
818:Doctor of Musical Arts
758:
747:Jacobs School of Music
689:
686:Royal College of Music
642:
618:Royal College of Music
614:Royal Academy of Music
597:(1862) and Nikolai in
382:Abbey of Saint Martial
372:Wells Cathedral School
338:
303:higher school of music
295:Conservatoire de Paris
275:Royal College of Music
259:Royal Academy of Music
189:[kɔ̃sɛʁvatwaʁ]
86:
54:
3988:Comprehensive school
3915:Vocational university
3227:São Tomé and Príncipe
3102:Saint Kitts and Nevis
3082:Republic of the Congo
1843:History of the violin
1207:retrieved 29 Aug 2018
1060:Catholic Encyclopedia
888:vocational university
873:
855:
781:instruments, such as
765:(chiefly in the UK),
745:
696:Pre-college divisions
683:
636:
505:La pietà dei turchini
495:Santa Maria di Loreto
328:
293:, exemplified by the
60:
45:
4568:Vocational education
4451:in the United States
4342:Continuing education
4337:Compulsory education
4181:Free school movement
4149:Single-sex education
4134:International school
4117:Democratic education
3996:For-profit education
3983:Community day school
3878:Liberal arts college
3737:Comprehensive school
3727:Collegiate institute
3297:United Arab Emirates
2070:Cognitive musicology
1514:at Wikimedia Commons
1322:Yamaha Music Schools
1193:Dizionario di musica
1067:25 July 2011 at the
755:Bloomington, Indiana
551:Palermo Conservatory
540:Alessandro Scarlatti
501:(1710–1736) studied;
378:Saint Martial school
342:rich music, but the
18:Hochschule für Musik
4460:Informal or illegal
4414:Medieval university
4357:Inclusive education
4327:College preparatory
3888:Residential college
3883:Research university
3820:Professional school
3695:/ Elementary school
3447:Aesthetics of music
3262:Trinidad and Tobago
2397:Antigua and Barbuda
1876:Band (rock and pop)
1800:Musical instruments
1675:Lao classical music
1352:(Online ed.).
1205:Arete Music Academy
1152:(Online ed.).
783:Chinese instruments
557:18th-19th centuries
457:16th–18th centuries
331:Notre-Dame de Paris
307:university of music
198:musical composition
194:musical instruments
79:Dmitri Shostakovich
4522:Schools portal
4427:indigenous peoples
4424:Schools imposed on
4362:Remedial education
4296:Distance education
4112:Alternative school
4101:By style / purpose
4076:Specialist school
3935:All-through school
3783:Sixth form college
3509:Musical instrument
3477:Music and politics
2607:Dominican Republic
2355:By sovereign state
1670:Korean court music
1630:Azerbaijani Mugham
1454:China Conservatory
883:
868:
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751:Indiana University
733:Tertiary education
690:
643:
515:Giovanni Paisiello
426:Parco della Musica
339:
93:is an educational
87:
55:
30:For the film, see
4550:
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4367:Special education
4347:Further education
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4196:Montessori school
4191:Laboratory school
4154:Specialist school
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4024:UK private school
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3858:Community college
3830:Vocational school
3712:Adult high school
3626:educational stage
3582:
3581:
3467:Music and fashion
3462:Music and emotion
3364:
3363:
2632:Equatorial Guinea
2128:A-side and B-side
2033:Music archaeology
2008:Bachelor of Music
1851:
1850:
1785:Psychedelic music
1780:Progressive music
1700:Scottish Ceòl Mór
1510:Media related to
1490:Peabody Institute
1360:(Subscription or
1160:(Subscription or
1105:Notre Dame School
998:Bachelor of Music
971:Conservatoires UK
834:music composition
810:Bachelor of Music
787:traditional music
670:music departments
544:Francesco Durante
402:Notre Dame School
364:Gregory the Great
335:Notre-Dame school
220:Music instruction
83:George Balanchine
61:Graduates of the
16:(Redirected from
4585:
4540:
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4409:Cathedral school
4392:Platonic Academy
4380:
4352:Gifted education
4306:Prison education
4252:Parochial school
4237:Christian school
4220:
4186:Folk high school
4174:
4105:
4090:
4078:(United Kingdom)
4077:
4061:Selective school
4007:
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3825:Technical school
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3777:Secondary school
3681:Global influence
3648:Pre-kindergarten
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3547:Music portal
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3499:Music technology
3487:Environmentalism
3440:Related articles
3047:Papua New Guinea
2912:Marshall Islands
2359:
2305:Central American
2043:Music psychology
1923:Backing vocalist
1760:Electronic music
1603:
1557:History of music
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769:(in Australia),
718:music technology
595:Saint Petersburg
542:(1660–1725) and
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271:college of music
255:Sibelius Academy
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75:Sergey Prokofiev
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4242:Female seminary
4232:Catholic school
4205:
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4066:Separate school
3954:
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3919:
3863:Graduate school
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3167:Solomon Islands
3012:North Macedonia
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2210:regional genres
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2167:Record producer
2111:
2100:Sociomusicology
2085:Ethnomusicology
2013:Master of Music
1993:
1947:
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1886:All-female band
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1680:Mandé art music
1655:Byzantine music
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814:Master of Music
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482:magister musicæ
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1500:External links
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1420:Konservatorium
1416:conservatorium
1395:
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1310:Musik Fröhlich
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805:or pop music.
793:alongside the
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674:Music Colleges
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289:; or the term
241:, such as the
224:Purcell School
200:, conducting,
127:conservatorium
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2135:Extended play
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2105:Zoomusicology
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2080:Ecomusicology
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2065:Biomusicology
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2038:Music history
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1969:Improvisation
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1414:: 'Origin of
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865:Oberlin, Ohio
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842:music therapy
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763:conservatoire
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702:chamber music
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329:Based around
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19:
4159:Vocal school
4144:Music school
4143:
4006:Free school
3950:Ranch school
3798:Upper school
3767:Maths school
3671:First school
3653:Kindergarten
3566:
3552:
3538:
3327:Vatican City
3277:Turkmenistan
3177:South Africa
3147:Sierra Leone
3127:Saudi Arabia
2502:Burkina Faso
2162:Record label
2048:Music school
2047:
1903:Concert band
1813:Angular harp
1740:Circus music
1625:Arabic music
1485:
1473:
1461:
1449:
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1413:
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1405:
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1400:
1399:
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1368:conservatory
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1200:
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1123:Conservatory
1118:
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909:Music portal
884:
830:music theory
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738:Conservatory
727:
710:musicianship
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620:in the UK).
603:
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446:conservatori
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291:conservatory
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214:music theory
202:musicianship
130:
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123:conservatory
122:
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91:music school
90:
88:
51:Philadelphia
39:
33:Music School
32:
4279:By location
4169:Progressive
4071:Sink school
4040:University
4029:preparatory
3757:Hauptschule
3431:Terminology
3411:Instruments
3217:Switzerland
3187:South Sudan
3182:South Korea
3107:Saint Lucia
3062:Philippines
3007:North Korea
2987:New Zealand
2982:Netherlands
2787:Ivory Coast
2627:El Salvador
2372:Afghanistan
2339:Micronesian
2140:Compilation
2053:Composition
1943:Composition
1908:Disc jockey
1881:Backup band
1808:Arched Harp
1565:Prehistoric
993:First Prize
803:world music
714:composition
519:opera buffa
441:Renaissance
416:Renaissance
253:, like the
196:, singing,
95:institution
4557:Categories
4467:in Ireland
4376:Historical
4291:Day school
3903:Collegiate
3898:University
3317:Uzbekistan
3237:Tajikistan
3142:Seychelles
3122:San Marino
2957:Mozambique
2947:Montenegro
2917:Mauritania
2882:Madagascar
2877:Luxembourg
2832:Kyrgyzstan
2807:Kazakhstan
2612:East Timor
2562:Costa Rica
2527:Cape Verde
2437:Bangladesh
2422:Azerbaijan
2344:Polynesian
2334:Melanesian
2116:Production
2095:Organology
2060:Musicology
1790:Soul music
1745:Folk music
1730:Vernacular
1407:Webster's
1364:required.)
1164:required.)
1014:References
826:musicology
749:, part of
606:El Sistema
451:conservati
406:polyphonic
261:, London;
228:El Sistema
206:musicology
4472:in Greece
4436:in Canada
4215:Religious
4014:Institute
4008:(England)
3990:(British)
3972:(England)
3752:Gymnasium
3704:Secondary
3643:Preschool
3452:Album era
3332:Venezuela
3197:Sri Lanka
3152:Singapore
3037:Palestine
2992:Nicaragua
2922:Mauritius
2872:Lithuania
2757:Indonesia
2712:Guatemala
2412:Australia
2402:Argentina
2322:Caribbean
2276:Southeast
2001:and study
1999:Education
1989:Technique
1865:Ensembles
1775:Pop music
1607:Art music
1585:Religious
1442:Juilliard
1418:: German
1370:is used.'
1058:Original
881:, Finland
641:, Germany
612:(see the
610:bursaries
486:magister
435:The term
394:sequences
4532:Category
4320:By scope
4247:Gurukula
3970:Academy
3928:Combined
3893:Seminary
3808:Tertiary
3573:Category
3386:Timeline
3357:Zimbabwe
3247:Thailand
3242:Tanzania
3207:Suriname
3162:Slovenia
3157:Slovakia
3072:Portugal
3052:Paraguay
3027:Pakistan
2942:Mongolia
2897:Maldives
2892:Malaysia
2817:Kiribati
2737:Honduras
2652:Ethiopia
2647:Eswatini
2602:Dominica
2597:Djibouti
2552:Colombia
2517:Cameroon
2512:Cambodia
2497:Bulgaria
2482:Botswana
2442:Barbados
2329:Oceanian
2283:European
2239:Southern
2172:Sampling
1964:Notation
1898:Big band
1860:Musician
1590:Biblical
1325:Archived
1282:Archived
1251:Archived
1232:Archived
1065:Archived
987:Diplomas
895:See also
879:Helsinki
791:bagpipes
585:(1811),
579:Florence
577:(1810),
573:(1807),
569:(1804),
565:(1795),
491:in 1633;
351:prophet
348:I Samuel
297:and the
277:and the
180:-və-twar
69:include
4542:Commons
4262:Yeshiva
4257:Madrasa
4044:private
3853:College
3848:Academy
3663:Primary
3482:Warfare
3381:Outline
3337:Vietnam
3322:Vanuatu
3312:Uruguay
3292:Ukraine
3267:Tunisia
3172:Somalia
3132:Senegal
3087:Romania
3002:Nigeria
2967:Namibia
2962:Myanmar
2952:Morocco
2932:Moldova
2857:Liberia
2852:Lesotho
2847:Lebanon
2792:Jamaica
2772:Ireland
2747:Iceland
2742:Hungary
2707:Grenada
2692:Germany
2687:Georgia
2667:Finland
2642:Estonia
2637:Eritrea
2617:Ecuador
2592:Denmark
2567:Croatia
2557:Comoros
2507:Burundi
2472:Bolivia
2452:Belgium
2447:Belarus
2432:Bahrain
2427:Bahamas
2417:Austria
2407:Armenia
2387:Andorra
2382:Algeria
2377:Albania
2256:Central
2224:Central
2219:African
1979:Singing
1597:Secular
1580:Martial
1570:Ancient
1125:at the
1107:at the
775:college
771:academy
616:or the
567:Bologna
398:organum
386:Limoges
321:History
257:or the
245:of the
232:núcleos
185:French:
4397:Lyceum
4049:public
4034:public
3840:Higher
3762:Lyceum
3616:School
3391:Albums
3352:Zambia
3287:Uganda
3282:Tuvalu
3272:Turkey
3232:Taiwan
3212:Sweden
3137:Serbia
3097:Rwanda
3092:Russia
3067:Poland
3042:Panama
3017:Norway
2937:Monaco
2927:Mexico
2887:Malawi
2842:Latvia
2827:Kuwait
2822:Kosovo
2802:Jordan
2777:Israel
2727:Guyana
2717:Guinea
2702:Greece
2682:Gambia
2672:France
2577:Cyprus
2522:Canada
2492:Brunei
2487:Brazil
2467:Bhutan
2457:Belize
2392:Angola
2363:
2293:Nordic
2288:Balkan
2123:Single
2028:Method
1974:Lyrics
1938:Theory
1182:(1979)
1032:
795:fiddle
706:theory
639:Weimar
599:Moscow
587:Vienna
583:Prague
575:Warsaw
463:Naples
390:tropes
368:schola
353:Samuel
333:, the
81:, and
67:Russia
35:(film)
3618:types
3426:Songs
3376:Index
3369:Lists
3347:Yemen
3257:Tonga
3222:Syria
3202:Sudan
3192:Spain
3117:Samoa
3077:Qatar
3032:Palau
2997:Niger
2977:Nepal
2972:Nauru
2907:Malta
2862:Libya
2812:Kenya
2797:Japan
2782:Italy
2752:India
2732:Haiti
2697:Ghana
2677:Gabon
2622:Egypt
2547:China
2542:Chile
2462:Benin
2271:South
2251:Asian
2234:North
2197:Remix
2192:Cover
2150:Remix
1959:Genre
1828:Nafir
1750:Blues
1732:music
1575:Dance
1549:Music
1358:
1158:
943:Lists
840:, or
591:Liège
571:Milan
563:Paris
344:Torah
99:music
4497:K–12
3519:Folk
3252:Togo
3057:Peru
3022:Oman
2902:Mali
2837:Laos
2767:Iraq
2762:Iran
2662:Fiji
2572:Cuba
2537:Chad
2261:East
2244:West
2229:East
2145:Live
1984:Song
1954:Form
1770:Jazz
1030:ISBN
799:jazz
716:and
581:and
549:The
488:lyræ
484:and
465:, a
430:Rome
420:The
358:The
212:and
176:kən-
3624:By
2023:PhD
877:in
863:in
859:at
820:or
773:or
753:in
428:in
305:or
234:.
178:SER
167:ɑːr
152:ɜːr
129:or
65:in
49:in
4559::
1388::
1346:.
1170:^
1146:.
836:,
832:,
828:,
801:,
712:,
708:,
704:,
392:,
384:,
281:;
269:;
249:;
216:.
208:,
183:,
143:ən
125:,
117:,
113:,
109:,
105:,
89:A
77:,
73:,
3608:e
3601:t
3594:v
1541:e
1534:t
1527:v
1398:'
1375:'
1356:.
1156:.
528:.
521:;
170:/
164:w
161:t
158:ə
155:v
149:s
146:ˈ
140:k
137:/
133:(
85:.
37:.
20:)
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