239:
20:
74:
152:
215:
242:
Fluorescent image of cultivated neutrophils isolated from venous blood of human with
Alzheimer Disease. Sample was treated with Hoechst 33342 dye that is used to stain DNA. The picture shows the release of DNA by a neutrophil as foggy area in the center of the view field indicating the spontaneous
255:
cells. Cells are stained for 1-30 min at room temperature or 37 °C and then washed to remove unbound dye. A green fluorescence of unbound
Hoechst dye may be observed on samples which are stained with too much dye or which are washed partially. Hoechst dyes are often used as substitutes for
297:
deforms the minor groove so that
Hoechst dyes cannot reach their optimal binding site. Binding of Hoechst dyes is even stronger to BrdU-substituted DNA; however, no fluorescence ensues. Hoechst dyes can be used with BrdU to monitor
56:
is the 33,342nd compound made by the company. There are three related
Hoechst stains: Hoechst 33258, Hoechst 33342, and Hoechst 34580. The dyes Hoechst 33258 and Hoechst 33342 are the ones most commonly used and they have similar
758:
Breusegem, SY; Clegg, RM; Loontiens, FG (Feb 1, 2002). "Base-sequence specificity of
Hoechst 33258 and DAPI binding to five (A/T)4 DNA sites with kinetic evidence for more than one high-affinity Hoechst 33258-AATT complex".
238:
289:(BrdU), which is commonly used to detect dividing cells. Hoechst 33342 exhibits a 10 fold greater cell-permeability than H 33258. Cells can integrate BrdU in newly synthesized DNA as a substitute for
611:
Portugal, J; Waring, MJ (Feb 28, 1988). "Assignment of DNA binding sites for 4â˛,6-diamidine-2-phenylindole and bisbenzimide (Hoechst 33258). A comparative footprinting study".
352:. This is done by passing the fluorescence emitted from the excited hoechst through both red and blue filters, and plotting hoechst red and blue against each other.
465:
344:
Hoechst efflux is also used to study hematopoietic and embryonic stem cells. As these cells are able to effectively efflux the dye, they can be detected via
148:
are stable at 2â6 °C for at least six months when protected from light. For longterm storage the solutions are instead frozen at â20 °C or below.
181:. Although the dyes can bind to all nucleic acids, AT-rich double-stranded DNA strands enhance fluorescence considerably. Hoechst dyes are cell-
803:
97:
maximum at 461 nm. Unbound dye has its maximum fluorescence emission in the 510â540 nm range. Hoechst stains can be excited with a
821:"Flow cytometric recognition of clastogen induced chromatin damage in G0/G1 lymphocytes by non-stoichiometric Hoechst fluorochrome binding"
719:"Flow cytometric analysis of factors which influence the BrdUrd-Hoechst quenching effect in cultivated human fibroblasts and lymphocytes"
543:"Spectral studies on 33258 Hoechst and related bisbenzimidazole dyes useful for fluorescent detection of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis"
325:
to count or sort out cells. An example is the use of
Hoechst dyes to analyse how many cells of a population are in which phase of the
196:
1038:
587:
1068:
1033:
647:
1043:
912:
Sterzel, W; Bedford, P; Eisenbrand, G (June 1985). "Automated determination of DNA using the fluorochrome
Hoechst 33258".
949:
332:
243:
activation of neutrophil extracellular traps formation in AD patients that is not usually observed in healthy mates.
1063:
475:
282:
990:"Hoechst 33342 stain and u.v. laser exposure do not induce genotoxic effects in flow-sorted boar spermatozoa"
958:
420:
309:
113:
between the excitation and emission spectra that makes
Hoechst dyes useful in experiments in which multiple
214:
1058:
994:
182:
502:"Recent developments in the detection of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis by 33258 Hoechst fluorescence"
440:
313:
186:
405:
326:
191:
865:"A novel, sensitive fluorometric staining technique for the detection of DNA in RNA preparations"
141:
137:
102:
38:
195:, meaning that live cells survive a treatment with these compounds. Cells that express specific
1013:
988:
Parrilla, I; VĂĄzquez, J M; Cuello, C; Gil, MA; Roca, J; Di
Berardino, D; MartĂnez, EA (2004).
970:
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145:
19:
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361:
349:
267:
Hoechst dyes are less toxic than DAPI, which ensures a higher viability of stained cells.
73:
430:
345:
322:
98:
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864:
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925:
694:
624:
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410:
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58:
53:
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450:
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390:
305:
Hoechst dyes are commonly used to stain genomic DNA in the following applications:
223:
222:
cells, with overlay of
Hoechst 33258 staining (blue). The leftmost cell is in the
170:
110:
90:
45:
796:
Molecular Probes Handbook: A Guide to Fluorescent Probes and Labeling Technologies
376:, so care should be used in their handling and disposal. Hoechst stain is used to
151:
947:
Ashwood-Smith, M.J. (1994). "Safety of human sperm selection by flow cytometry".
684:
667:
470:
445:
425:
317:
277:
There are nuclei staining dyes that allow for viability of cells after staining.
271:
155:
Hoechst 33258 (magenta) bound to the minor groove of DNA (green and blue). From
114:
82:
31:
880:
435:
395:
373:
299:
231:
49:
703:
117:
are used. The fluorescence intensity of Hoechst dyes also increases with the
666:
BuceviÄius, Jonas; LukinaviÄius, GraĹžvydas; GerasimaitÄ, RĹŤta (2018-04-18).
460:
290:
252:
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86:
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820:
780:
772:
735:
718:
1044:
An online guide to fluorescent probes and commercial labeling technologies
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846:
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632:
527:
568:
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in certain Hoechst dyes (Hoechst 33342) renders them more cell-permeable.
248:
1008:
989:
559:
542:
500:
Latt, SA; Stetten, G; Juergens, LA; Willard, HF; Scher, CD (July 1975).
455:
369:
365:
294:
227:
199:
178:
174:
133:
122:
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A concentration of 0.1â12 Îźg/ml is commonly used to stain DNA in
161:
613:
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression
237:
213:
150:
129:
106:
72:
18:
400:
257:
219:
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of double-stranded DNA with a preference for sequences rich in
41:
34:
234:
fluoresce brightly because they contain highly compacted DNA.
293:. When BrdU is integrated into DNA, it is supposed that the
118:
144:. Concentrations can be achieved of up to 10 mg/mL.
360:
Because Hoechst stains bind to DNA, they interfere with
380:
in livestock and humans. Its safety has been debated.
202:
can also actively transport these stains out of their
668:"The Use of Hoechst Dyes for DNA Staining and beyond"
52:, which numbered all their compounds so that the dye
863:
Mocharla, R; Mocharla, H; Hodes, ME (Dec 23, 1987).
263:Key differences between Hoechst dyes and DAPI are:
794:Iain Johnson, Michelle T.Z. Spence, ed. (2011).
593:. Invitrogren (Molecular Probes). Archived from
582:
580:
578:
858:
856:
466:Comparison of nucleic acid simulation software
8:
717:Kubbies, M; Rabinovitch, PS (January 1983).
655:(2 ed.). Becton, Dickinson and Company.
547:Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry
506:Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry
77:Excitationâemission spectra of Hoechst dyes
1007:
888:
836:
734:
693:
683:
558:
517:
331:Detecting DNA in the presence of RNA in
649:Techniques for Immune Function Analysis
492:
189:. Thus, these stains are often called
967:10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138589
541:Latt, SA; Stetten, G (January 1976).
368:. Consequently, they are potentially
7:
1034:Spectral traces for fluorescent dyes
256:another nucleic acid stain called
23:Chemical structure of Hoechst dyes
14:
16:Fluorescent dye used to stain DNA
197:ATP-binding cassette transporter
185:and can bind to DNA in live or
1:
48:were originally developed by
30:are part of a family of blue
926:10.1016/0003-2697(85)90299-4
761:Journal of Molecular Biology
625:10.1016/0167-4781(88)90079-6
281:Hoechst 33342 and 33258 are
128:Hoechst dyes are soluble in
798:(11 ed.). Invitrogen.
685:10.3390/chemosensors6020018
337:Automated DNA determination
1085:
109:. There is a considerable
89:, and both emit blue-cyan
1039:Manual for Hoechst stains
695:21.11116/0000-0001-A4FE-8
85:light at around 350
81:Both dyes are excited by
69:Molecular characteristics
476:Quenching (fluorescence)
959:Oxford University Press
914:Analytical Biochemistry
881:10.1093/nar/15.24.10589
421:Fluorescence microscopy
310:Fluorescence microscopy
105:or with an ultraviolet
1069:DNA-binding substances
869:Nucleic Acids Research
838:10.1002/cyto.990110309
773:10.1006/jmbi.2001.5301
736:10.1002/cyto.990030408
646:BD Bioscience (2009).
348:in what is termed the
244:
235:
218:Transmission image of
166:
78:
24:
241:
217:
169:The dyes bind to the
154:
76:
22:
519:10.1177/23.7.1095650
441:Immunohistochemistry
314:immunohistochemistry
1009:10.1530/rep.1.00288
819:Kubbies, M (1990).
560:10.1177/24.1.943439
406:DNA-binding protein
356:Toxicity and safety
316:, often with other
950:Human Reproduction
340:Chromosome sorting
245:
236:
167:
142:dimethyl sulfoxide
138:dimethyl formamide
79:
25:
805:978-0-9829279-1-5
287:bromodeoxyuridine
146:Aqueous solutions
95:emission spectrum
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1064:Fluorescent dyes
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588:"Hoechst Stains"
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103:mercury-arc lamp
93:light around an
63:emission spectra
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362:DNA replication
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350:side population
270:The additional
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132:and in organic
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12:
11:
5:
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1028:External links
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1002:(5): 615â621.
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767:(5): 1049â61.
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600:on 2009-04-19.
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512:(7): 493â505.
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431:Flow cytometry
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346:flow cytometry
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323:Flow cytometry
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46:bis-benzimides
28:Hoechst stains
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1059:Staining dyes
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411:Excited state
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366:cell division
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54:Hoechst 33342
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29:
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995:Reproduction
993:
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920:(2): 462â7.
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672:Chemosensors
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641:
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612:
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595:the original
553:(1): 24â33.
550:
546:
536:
509:
505:
495:
481:Stokes shift
451:Minor groove
416:Fluorescence
391:Bisbenzimide
374:carcinogenic
359:
343:
333:agarose gels
318:fluorophores
304:
280:
262:
246:
224:prometaphase
210:Applications
190:
171:minor groove
168:
127:
115:fluorophores
111:Stokes shift
80:
27:
26:
961:: 757â759.
471:Pentamidine
446:Lexitropsin
426:Fluorophore
272:ethyl group
232:chromosomes
187:fixed cells
91:fluorescent
83:ultraviolet
32:fluorescent
1053:Categories
488:References
436:Hoechst AG
396:Carcinogen
378:sort sperm
327:cell cycle
300:cell cycle
192:supravital
59:excitation
50:Hoechst AG
825:Cytometry
723:Cytometry
704:2227-9040
678:(2): 18.
461:Netropsin
370:mutagenic
291:thymidine
253:eukaryote
226:stage of
204:cytoplasm
183:permeable
1018:15509707
781:11827475
384:See also
283:quenched
249:bacteria
200:proteins
165:.
136:such as
134:solvents
44:. These
37:used to
975:7929716
934:2409841
899:2447564
847:1692786
745:6185287
633:2449244
528:1095650
456:Mutagen
364:during
295:bromine
228:mitosis
179:thymine
175:adenine
123:solvent
121:of the
1016:
973:
932:
897:
890:339970
887:
845:
802:
779:
743:
702:
631:
569:943439
567:
526:
230:; its
99:xenon-
957:(5).
653:(PDF)
598:(PDF)
591:(PDF)
130:water
107:laser
39:stain
1014:PMID
971:PMID
930:PMID
895:PMID
843:PMID
800:ISBN
777:PMID
741:PMID
700:ISSN
629:PMID
565:PMID
524:PMID
401:DAPI
372:and
312:and
258:DAPI
220:HeLa
177:and
162:264D
35:dyes
1004:doi
1000:128
963:doi
922:doi
918:147
885:PMC
877:doi
833:doi
769:doi
765:315
731:doi
690:hdl
680:doi
621:doi
617:949
555:doi
514:doi
285:by
251:or
158:PDB
140:or
101:or
42:DNA
1055::
1012:.
998:.
992:.
969:.
953:.
928:.
916:.
893:.
883:.
873:15
871:.
867:.
855:^
841:.
829:11
827:.
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763:.
739:.
725:.
721:.
698:.
688:.
674:.
670:.
627:.
615:.
577:^
563:.
551:24
549:.
545:.
522:.
510:23
508:.
504:.
260:.
206:.
160::
125:.
119:pH
87:nm
65:.
1020:.
1006::
977:.
965::
955:9
936:.
924::
901:.
879::
849:.
835::
808:.
783:.
771::
747:.
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727:3
706:.
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635:.
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571:.
557::
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516::
61:â
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