31:
103:(Permanent War Council) was a council of five generals and senior civil servants. It oversaw the entire Habsburg military system in war and peace and decided on fortress construction, army equipment, salary issues and the purchase of supplies, as well as the planning and implementation of wars. It also handled civil and military administration of the border region of Croatia. On 31 December 1556, all military authorities were ordered to submit to the War Council. The title
193:. Its bureaucracy was cumbersome and decisions were often arrived at only after much argument and circulation of papers. While the presidents were always officers, section heads were frequently civilians and there was often tension between them. The military men resented interference by what
87:
about 1500. The council was initially called a regiment, and later a secret body, state government, court council or state council. In 1529 it was considered necessary to establish an independent war council but the negotiations remained unsuccessful for a long time. On
February 25, 1531,
485:". . .and that's for all the world like the old Austrian Hofkriegsrath, as far as I can judge of military matters, that is. On paper, they'd beaten Napoleon and taken him prisoner and there in their study they worked it all out in the cleverest fashion. But look you,
841:
421:
836:
846:
664:
795:
698:
217:
851:
311:
388:
125:
was the bureaucracy charged with managing the permanent military force. It served as the central military administrative agency and a military
409:
111:
was in direct contact with the
Imperial Chamber as the financial authority and the Imperial Chancellery as the political coordination point.
24:
353:
253:
590:
650:
447:
397:
163:
60:
224:
investigated the reliability of units with suspect loyalties. In 1833 it ruled that all soldiers in the imperial army belonging to
764:
335:
84:
162:
further centralized the body and gave it supreme authority over all branches of the military administration. When the reforming
688:
89:
171:
129:, provided a staff for the emperor, and directed and coordinated field armies. Additionally, it conducted relations with the
657:
740:
415:
403:
365:
159:
435:
341:
296:
174:
in 1801, he divided the agency into three departments, dealing with military, judicial, and administrative matters.
781:
359:
194:
126:
693:
30:
735:
229:
582:
578:
486:
150:, a rule that ensured coordinated action but proved disadvantageous facing an aggressive opponent like the
347:
329:
566:
372:
323:
245:
but determined that they would likely act as ordered, especially if in action against the
Hungarians.
305:
441:
155:
190:
151:
96:, which ordered the compilation of an independent war council consisting of four war councilors.
64:
730:
720:
673:
596:
586:
134:
115:
80:
56:
628:
Rothenberg, Gunther E. "The
Croatian Military Border and the Rise of Yugoslav Nationalism."
317:
225:
178:
379:
144:
All generals had to apply for authorisation for any strategic decisions, except for the
130:
830:
571:
465:
257:
233:
202:
146:
118:
428:
616:
The
Formative Influences, Theories, and Campaigns of the Archduke Carl of Austria
237:
55:) established in 1556 was the central military administrative authority of the
810:
797:
642:
470:
a retired
Russian officer, Prince Nikolai Andreevich Bolkonski, calls it the
198:
201:". An additional problem was presented in the fact that in a time when the
460:
241:
206:
99:
Founded on 17 November 1556 in the reign of
Emperor Ferdinand I, the
68:
489:
surrendered with all his army -- he-he-he. . ."—Porfiry
Petrovitch (
189:), continued to exert control over the military to the will of the
16:
Central military administrative authority of the
Habsburg monarchy
600:
93:
646:
252:
was turned into the
Austrian Ministry of War. According to the
236:. In the 1840s it investigated even the traditionally loyal
209:), in Austria it remained only a subordinate section of the
185:, as one of four components of the governing State Council (
79:
Permanent councils of war had already been summoned by the
538:
536:
216:
Amidst the growing nationalist troubles leading up to the
523:
521:
63:. The agency was directly subordinated to the Habsburg
59:
until 1848 and the predecessor of the Austro-Hungarian
635:
Schwarz, Henry Frederick and John Insley Coddington,
422:
Friedrich Franz Xaver Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen
256:, it became one of the three common ministries of the
205:
was growing in importance in other countries (notably
637:
The Imperial Privy Council in the Seventeenth Century
625:(Verlag der Ă–sterreichischen Staatsdruckerei, 1949).
232:
movement were guilty of high treason and were to be
753:
709:
681:
570:
474:mocking it by adding the well-known German words
275:Georg Teufel, Freiherr von Guntersdorf 1566–1578
281:David Ungnad, Freiherr von Weißenwolf 1584–1599
842:1848 disestablishments in the Austrian Empire
658:
8:
837:1556 establishments in the Habsburg monarchy
623:Der österreichische Hofskriegsrat, 1556-1848
302:Hans Christoph Freiherr von Löbel 1630–1632
757:
713:
665:
651:
643:
554:
542:
527:
269:Ritter Ehrenreich von Königsberg 1556–1560
847:Military history of the Habsburg monarchy
278:Wilhelm Freiherr von Hofkirchen 1578–1584
512:The Oxford companion to military history
29:
502:
389:Friedrich Moritz, Count Nostitz-Rieneck
23:that existed from 1620 until 1808, see
284:Melchior Freiherr von Redern 1599–1600
410:Karl Philipp, Prince of Schwarzenberg
385:Count Michael Joseph Wallis 1791–1796
312:Wenzel FĂĽrst Lobkowitz, Duke of Sagan
272:Gebhard Freiherr von Welzer 1560–1566
7:
25:Ministry of War (Kingdom of Bavaria)
318:Annibale (Hannibal), Prince Gonzaga
293:Johann Kaspar von Stadion 1619–1624
290:Hans Freiherr von Mollard 1610–1619
254:Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867
14:
630:Slavonic and East European Review
448:Count Karl Ludwig von Ficquelmont
398:Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen
248:With effect from 1 June 1848 the
354:Dominik von Königsegg-Rothenfels
287:Count Karl Ludwig Sulz 1600–1610
852:Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
166:was appointed president of the
472:Hof-kriegs-wurst-schnapps-rat,
394:Count Ferdinand Tige 1796–1801
1:
510:Holmes, Richard, ed. (2001).
416:Count Heinrich von Bellegarde
404:Count Heinrich von Bellegarde
366:Count Leopold Joseph von Daun
336:Ernst RĂĽdiger von Starhemberg
197:would later call a civilian "
114:With the establishment of an
436:Johann Maria Philipp Frimont
107:was first used in 1564. The
344:, Prince of Fondi 1701–1703
342:Heinrich Franz von Mansfeld
297:Ramboldo, Count of Collalto
868:
731:Habsburg Military Frontier
573:The army of Francis Joseph
360:Johann Philipp von Harrach
18:
777:
760:
716:
121:in the 17th century, the
92:issued an instruction in
37:building in Vienna, 1775
583:Purdue University Press
579:West Lafayette, Indiana
380:Andreas Hadik von Futak
567:Rothenberg, Gunther E.
348:Prince Eugene of Savoy
330:Hermann of Baden-Baden
306:Count Heinrich Schlick
38:
811:48.21056°N 16.36833°E
694:Ottoman–Habsburg wars
632:43#100 (1964): 34-45.
373:Franz Moritz von Lacy
324:Raimondo Montecuccoli
133:and administered the
33:
491:Crime and Punishment
228:Italian nationalist
53:Imperial War Council
807: /
442:Ignaz Count Hardegg
156:Frederick the Great
816:48.21056; 16.36833
618:(Greenwood, 2000).
614:Eysturlid, Lee W.
191:Emperor of Austria
39:
790:
789:
773:
772:
749:
748:
721:House of Habsburg
674:Habsburg monarchy
135:Military Frontier
67:with its seat in
57:Habsburg monarchy
49:Aulic War Council
19:For the Bavarian
859:
822:
821:
819:
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805:
804:
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758:
714:
689:Military history
667:
660:
653:
644:
604:
576:
558:
552:
546:
540:
531:
525:
516:
515:
507:
218:1848 Revolutions
164:Archduke Charles
101:Steter Kriegsrat
867:
866:
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827:
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815:
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793:
791:
786:
769:
745:
736:Colonial policy
705:
677:
671:
639:(Oxford, 1943).
621:Regele, Oskar.
611:
609:Further reading
593:
565:
562:
561:
555:Rothenberg 1976
553:
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543:Rothenberg 1976
541:
534:
528:Rothenberg 1976
526:
519:
509:
508:
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499:
457:
266:
234:court-martialed
179:Napoleonic Wars
77:
61:Ministry of War
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
865:
863:
855:
854:
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676: articles
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669:
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619:
610:
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592:978-0911198416
591:
560:
559:
547:
532:
517:
514:. p. 411.
501:
500:
498:
495:
493:, Dostoevsky)
478:(sausage) and
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177:Following the
131:Ottoman Empire
76:
73:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
864:
853:
850:
848:
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598:
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588:
584:
580:
575:
574:
568:
564:
563:
557:, p. 19.
556:
551:
548:
545:, p. 10.
544:
539:
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533:
529:
524:
522:
518:
513:
506:
503:
496:
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488:
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477:
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466:War and Peace
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258:dual monarchy
255:
251:
246:
244:
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239:
235:
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227:
223:
219:
214:
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208:
204:
203:general staff
200:
196:
192:
188:
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180:
175:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
148:
147:generalissimo
142:
140:
139:Militärgrenze
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
119:standing army
117:
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110:
106:
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97:
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62:
58:
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50:
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45:
36:
32:
26:
22:
824:
792:
726:Hofkriegsrat
725:
636:
629:
622:
615:
572:
550:
530:, p. 4.
511:
505:
497:Bibliography
490:
487:General Mack
484:
479:
475:
471:
464:
458:
429:Ignaz Gyulai
250:Hofkriegsrat
249:
247:
240:
222:Hofkriegsrat
221:
215:
211:Hofkriegsrat
210:
186:
183:Hofkriegsrat
182:
176:
168:Hofkriegsrat
167:
145:
143:
138:
123:Hofkriegsrat
122:
113:
109:Hofkriegsrat
108:
105:Hofkriegsrat
104:
100:
98:
85:Maximilian I
78:
52:
51:, sometimes
48:
44:Hofkriegsrat
43:
42:
40:
35:Hofkriegsrat
34:
21:Hofkriegsrat
20:
814: /
230:Young Italy
170:by Emperor
90:Ferdinand I
831:Categories
802:16°22′06″E
799:48°12′38″N
699:Rebellions
455:In fiction
264:Presidents
238:South Slav
172:Francis II
158:. Emperor
482:(booze).
444:1831–1848
431:1830–1831
424:1825–1830
418:1820–1825
412:1814–1820
406:1809–1813
400:1801–1809
382:1774–1790
375:1766–1774
368:1762–1766
362:1738–1761
356:1736–1738
350:1703–1736
338:1692–1701
332:1681–1691
326:1668–1681
320:1665–1668
314:1649–1665
308:1632-1649
299:1624–1630
226:Mazzini's
199:despotism
187:Staatsrat
160:Joseph II
782:Category
710:Politics
601:75016051
569:(1976).
480:Schnapps
195:Radetzky
152:Prussian
127:chancery
116:imperial
83:emperor
81:Habsburg
65:emperors
765:Economy
754:Economy
682:History
461:Tolstoy
242:Grenzer
207:Prussia
75:History
599:
589:
434:Count
427:Count
378:Count
371:Count
220:, the
181:, the
69:Vienna
476:Wurst
154:king
741:Flag
597:LCCN
587:ISBN
450:1848
438:1831
391:1796
94:Linz
47:(or
41:The
463:'s
459:In
141:).
833::
595:.
585:.
581::
577:.
535:^
520:^
260:.
213:.
71:.
666:e
659:t
652:v
603:.
468:,
137:(
27:.
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