277:. Their aim was to improve morale by creating a "good group spirit" (esprit de corps). Though he sounded like a traditional army officer Bion's means were very unconventional. He was in charge of around one hundred men. He told them that they had to do an hour's exercise every day and that each had to join a group: "handicrafts, Army courses, carpentry, map-reading, sand-tabling etc.... or form a fresh group if he wanted to do so". While this may have looked like traditional occupational therapy, the real therapy was the struggle to manage the interpersonal strain of organising things together, rather than simply weaving baskets. Those unable to join a group would have to go to the rest-room, where a nursing orderly would supervise a quiet regime of "reading, writing or games such as draughts... any men who felt unfit for any activity whatever could lie down". The focus of every day was a meeting of all the men, referred to as a parade.
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281:".. a parade would be held every day at 12.10 p.m. for making announcements and conducting other business of the training wing. Unknown to the patients, it was intended that this meeting, strictly limited to 30 minutes, should provide an occasion for the men to step outside their framework and look upon its working with the detachment of spectators. In short it was intended to be the first step towards the elaboration of therapeutic seminars. For the first few days little happened; but it was evident that amongst patients a great deal of discussion and thinking was taking place"
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was a patient at the hospital in 1947. By 1949 Hollymoor
Hospital was recognisably distinct from Rubery Hill Hospital. It held 590 patients, falling slowly to 490 by 1984, and then dropping rapidly to 139 by 1994. After the introduction of
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During the Second World War, the hospital was again converted to a military hospital in 1940. In April 1942 it became a military psychiatric hospital and became known as
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set up the first
Northfield experiment. Bion and Rickman were in charge of the training and rehabilitation wing of Northfield, and ran the unit along the principles of
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The experiment had to close after six weeks as the military authorities did not approve of it and ordered the transfer of Bion and
Rickman (who were members of the
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in the early 1980s, the hospital went into a period of decline and closed in July 1994. It was subsequently largely demolished.
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Northfield
Military Hospital was the setting for Sheila Llewellyn's novel
488:"Walking wounded by Sheila Llewellyn review - beautiful and humane debut"
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Group
Interactive Art Therapy: its use in training and treatment
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Main T. (1946). "The
Hospital as a Therapeutic Institution".
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The Water Tower, Hollymoor
Hospital, Northfield, Birmingham
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using a
Compact Arrow layout, was built as an annexe to
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536:"Details: Hollymoor Hospital, Birmingham"
418:P Campling 2001 Therapeutic communities.
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590:Hospital buildings completed in 1905
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605:1994 disestablishments in England
514:"Scannell, Vernon (Oral history)"
420:Advances in Psychiatric Treatment
395:. London: Tavistock. p. 16.
610:Hospitals disestablished in 1994
462:Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic
439:. London: Routledge. p. 5.
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600:1905 establishments in England
568:Bion and Foulkes at Northfield
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350:. County Asylums. 5 June 2017
61:Location within West Midlands
615:Defunct hospitals in England
263:Northfield Military Hospital
251:2nd Birmingham War Hospital
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225:Construction and expansion
540:Hospital records database
200:located at Tessall Lane,
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287:Royal Army Medical Corps
573:8 November 2018 at the
435:Waller, Diane (1993).
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243:Birmingham Corporation
630:Therapeutic community
544:The National Archives
516:. Imperial war Museum
393:Experiences in Groups
325:Care in the Community
310:, published in 2018.
300:therapeutic community
297:,who coined the term
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239:Rubery Lunatic Asylum
216:. It closed in 1994.
348:"Hollymoor Hospital"
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314:Decline and closure
210:group psychotherapy
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18:Hospital in England
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194:Hollymoor Hospital
113:52.4044°N 1.9968°W
24:Hollymoor Hospital
494:. 1 February 2018
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206:Birmingham
202:Northfield
101:52°24′16″N
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498:9 October
468:: 66–70.
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