2386:, with the 76ers having earned home court advantage because of a better regular season record. Four games were scheduled to be played in Philadelphia, while three were scheduled in Los Angeles. If the home team were to win each game, then the 76ers would have won four games, the Lakers would have won three games, and the 76ers would have won the series, so we say that Philadelphia had the home-court advantage. However, the visiting Lakers won Game 1. Los Angeles now had one win, and there were three games remaining at each arena. The home team went on to win all of the remaining games in that series, so Los Angeles won four games, while Philadelphia won two (Game 7, which would have been played in Philadelphia, was omitted, as even if the 76ers won, they'd still lose the series 4β3). Since the Lakers won the series in this scenario, it is said that they have taken home-court advantage away from the 76ers.
657:. If the home team is leading at the end of the top half of the ninth inning, the game ends without the bottom half being played. If the home team is trailing or the score is tied in the bottom half of the ninth inning or any extra inning, the game ends immediately if the home team takes the lead; the visiting team does not get another opportunity to score and the home team does not have to protect their lead. On the other hand, if the visiting team has the lead when the top half of the ninth inning or extra inning ends, the home team still gets an opportunity to score and so the visiting team must protect their lead. In addition, in the late innings, the home team knows how many runs they need to win or tie, and can therefore strategize accordingly. For example, in a tie game in the ninth inning or extra innings, the home team may employ strategies such as
706:
649:, the away team's centre always had to place his stick on the ice before the centre of the home team. However, in both the NHL and international rule sets, this now applies only for face-offs at the centre-ice spot; when a face-off takes place anywhere else on the ice, the defending centre has to place his stick first. The centre who is allowed to place his stick last gains the ability to time the face-off better and gives him greater odds of winning it. The third advantage is that the home team has the benefit of choosing whether to take the first or second attempt in a shootout.
645:, there are at least three distinct rule-related advantages for the home team. The first is referred to as "last change", where during stoppages of play, the home team is allowed to make player substitutions after the visiting team does (unless the home team ices the puck, in which case no substitutions are allowed). This allows the home team to obtain favorable player matchups. This rule makes the home team designation important even in games played on neutral ice. Traditionally, the second advantage was that when lining up for the
626:. Some sports leagues simply state that the team wears its away uniforms only when its primary jerseys would clash with the colors of the home team, while other leagues mandate that visiting teams must always wear their away colors regardless. However, sometimes teams wear their alternative uniforms by choice. This is especially true in North American sports where generally one uniform is white or grey, and "Color vs. color" games (e.g., blue vs. red uniforms) are a rarity, having been discouraged in the era of
2595:, UEFA punished the Turkish team with playing the next six regular international home matches abroad. It is also required where one team's home location is in a war zone or at high risk of terrorism, or if the visiting team is prevented from travelling to (one of) their opponent's regular stadium(s) for political reasons. The latter consideration is uncommon because governing bodies typically implement measures to prevent national teams from jurisdictions with the most serious political disputes (for example,
99:, for instance, the visiting team always bats first in each inning. Therefore, one team must be chosen to be the "visitor" when games are played at neither team's home field. Likewise, there are uncommon instances in which a team playing a game at their home venue is officially the visiting team, and their opponent officially the home team, such as when a game originally scheduled to play at one venue must be postponed and is later resumed at the other team's venue.
189:, a home team can be expected to score 37.29% more goals than the away team, though this changes depending on the quality of the teams involved. Others have suggested that the increase in British medals during the 2012 Olympics may have been impacted by home court advantage. (However, having home court did not help Canada at the 1976 Montreal Olympics, the only Summer Games at which the hosting country failed to win a single gold medal.)
61:. This benefit has been attributed to psychological effects supporting fans have on the competitors or referees; to psychological or physiological advantages of playing near home in familiar situations; to the disadvantages away teams suffer from changing time zones or climates, or from the rigors of travel; and in some sports, to specific rules that favor the home team directly or indirectly. In
225:
factors of home advantage are usually factors which are difficult to measure and so even their existence is debated. Most of these are psychological in nature: the home teams are familiar with the playing venue; they can lodge in their homes, rather than in a hotel, and so have less far to travel before the game; and they have the psychological support of the home fans.
557:, was built in 1952 with the team benches at the ends of the court instead of along one of the sidelines, a setup that was not unusual at the time. However, the configuration is now unique in U.S. major-college sports, and has been said to give the Commodores an edge because opposing coaches are not used to directing their teams from the baseline.
200:
either replicated performance by winning two or more no-hitters or amassed a large number of career wins. Their general finding was that home-field advantage is a metric for the inability to maintain performance independent of environment and that this metric is inversely related to variables of expertise.
441:
and the behaviour of the ball when it bounces off the pitch varies significantly in different parts of the world, and consequently the players on the visiting team must adjust to the ball behaving in an unfamiliar way to be successful on foreign surfaces; additionally, the home team has the right to
199:
described home-field advantage as an expertise deficiency. They demonstrated that, in theory and in practice, home-field advantage decreases as superiority of performance increases. They also showed that home-field advantage is not applicable for no-hit major league baseball games for pitchers who
2354:
In many sports, playoffs consist of a 'series' of games played between two teams. These series are usually a best-of-5 or best-of-7 format, where the first team to win 3 or 4 games, respectively, wins the playoff. Since these best-of series always involve an odd number of games, it is impossible to
692:. This put AL teams at a disadvantage when they played in NL parks, as AL pitchers were typically not used to batting nor baserunning. NL teams at AL parks were at a disadvantage because a player who did not play often had to bat an entire game, usually on consecutive nights. The NL team's DH was a
585:
Other research has found that crowd support, travel fatigue, geographical distance, pitch familiarity, and referee bias do not have a strong effect when each factor is considered alone suggesting that it is the combination of several different factors that creates the overall home advantage effect.
581:
factors in giving home teams an advantage. The journal concluded that it was favorable treatment by game officials and referees that conferred advantages on home teams. They stated that sports officials are unwittingly and psychologically influenced by home crowds and the influence is significant
260:
typically wave their arms or other objects in an attempt to break the visiting player's focus on making the shot. Environmental factors such as weather and altitude are easy to measure, yet their effects are debatable, as both teams have to play in the same conditions; but the home team may be more
2358:
During the course of these playoff series, however, sports announcers or columnists will sometimes mention a team "gaining" or "losing" home-field advantage. This can happen after a visiting team has just won a game in the series. In playoff series format, the home-field advantage is said to exist
2281:
During the regular season for a sport, in the interest of fairness, schedulers try to ensure that each team plays an equal number of home and away games. Thus, having home-field advantage for any particular regular-season game is largely due to random chance. (This is only true for fully organized
613:
The 2020β21 NHL season saw major disruption due to COVID-19-restricted conditions that resulted in bubble playoffs and ghost games, as fans were unable to attend in person. New research has shown that this led to a significant drop to home advantage compared with the previous six seasons. In 592
224:
There are many causes that attribute to home advantage, such as crowd involvement (for instance Marek and VΓ‘vra (2024) conducted a study on ice hockey results during COVID-19, where no spectators were allowed at matches), travel considerations, and environmental factors. The most commonly cited
598:
levels in the defenders. A similar effect has been observed in football with testosterone levels being significantly higher in home games than in away games. Goalkeepers, the last line of defense, have particularly strong testosterone changes when playing against a bitter rival as compared to a
696:
who batted perhaps once every two or three games during the season, or alternated in a platoon system with other players (such as a catcher who does not start because the starting pitcher uses the other catcher), while the AL team's DH batted three or more times a game throughout the season.
292:. Generally the home fans vastly outnumber the visiting team's supporters. While some visiting fans may travel to attend the game, home team fans will generally have better access to tickets and easier transport to the event, thus in most cases they outnumber the visitors' fans (although in
2412:
If the venue is chosen before the start of the competition however, it is still possible for one team to gain home field advantage. For example, in the
European Cup/UEFA Champions League, there have been four instances where a club has managed to reach the final hosted in its own stadium
136:), playoff series are often held with a nearly equal number of games at each team's site. However, as it is usually beneficial to have an odd number of matches in a series (to prevent ties), the final home game is often awarded to the team that had more success over the regular season.
107:
In most team sports, the home or hosting team is considered to have a significant advantage over the away or visiting team. Due to this, many important games (such as playoff or elimination matches) in many sports have special rules for determining what match is played where. In
709:
Comparison of home advantage in
European top-level football leagues between the 2007/2008 and 2016/2017 seasons. Method is based on Jeffrey Divergence and the procedure is described in detail in Marek and VΓ‘vra (2020). The final components of graph show leagues with similar home
496:
trapped and reflected noise to such an extent that it was distracting or even harmful. This, combined with the color of the roof, caused opposing baseball players to commit more errors in the Dome than in other ballparks. While this is no longer an issue for opponents of the
192:
The strength of the home advantage varies for different sports, regions, seasons, and divisions. For all sports, it seems to be strongest in the early period after the creation of a new league. The effect seems to have become somewhat weaker in some sports in recent decades.
2355:
guarantee that an equal number of games will be played at each team's home venue. As a result, the team with the better regular season record must be scheduled to have one more home game than the other. This team is said to have home-field advantage for that playoff series.
280:, who are sometimes described as being as valuable as an extra player for the home team. The home fans can sometimes create a psychological lift by cheering loudly for their team when good things happen in the game. The home crowd can also intimidate visiting players by
569:, had a number of idiosyncrasies that its home teams used to their advantage but earned the arena an extremely poor reputation, including a slanted ice surface that forced opponents to skate the majority of the game uphill and lack of showers for the visiting team.
473:, Hapoel needed to acclimatize and were therefore at a disadvantage. Hapoel duly lost the match 3β0. This advantage, however, can also be a disadvantage to the home team, as weather conditions can impede the home team as much as the visitors: the
2075:
and hypothesis about home team advantage can be accepted. This procedure was introduced and applied by Marek and VΓ‘vra (2017) on
English Premier League seasons 1992/1993 β 2015/2016. Later, the procedure was finalised in Marek and VΓ‘vra (2020).
2828:
won a playoff series for the first time, defeating the first-place
Lightning in four games, and marking the first time in Stanley Cup playoff history that the Presidents' Trophy winners were swept in the opening round, and the first time since
2437:, as it was chosen as the venue in January 2010. In the Champions League Final, however, if the "home" shirt colors of both teams conflict (e.g. both are red) then there is a draw which assigns one of the teams their "away" shirt. The
2869:, the home team won 181 matches (47%), the away team won 128 matches (34%), and teams drew in 71 matches (19%); however, this is considered an aberration, as home advantage has statistically been steadily declining for over a century.
2946:
2973:
2β3β2 Format: Team with home advantage hosts Game 1β2, 6β7. Team without home advantage hosts Games 3β5. This also means the winning team was also forced to overcome a 3β2 series deficit by winning Games 6β7 facing elimination.
2615:
was held in Krakow, Poland, because
Ukraine does not recognize Kosovo and does not admit Kosovar nationals to its territory. In all such cases, the match is still treated as a "home" match for such purposes as implementing the
2720:, had been stronger at home than on the road in both the regular season and playoffs, until the World Series. The 2023 ALCS was the second 7-game Major League Baseball series where all seven games were won by the road team.
2485:
in 1985) were played in neutral stadiums in the market area of one of the participating teams. Regardless, tickets are allocated equally between both competing teams, even if one happens to be playing in its own stadium.
2652:, the home team won 1,277 games (52.6%), and the away team won 1,149 games (47.4%). These totals do not include the six games played at neutral sites (though all of the neutral-site games had a designated "home" team).
652:
In baseball, the home team β which bats in the bottom half of each inning β enjoys the advantage of being able to end the game immediately if it has the lead in the ninth inning (or other scheduled final inning) or in
304:, sections of the stadium will be reserved for supporters of one team or the other (to prevent fan violence) but the home team's fans will have the bulk of the seating available to them. In addition, stadium/arena
2709:
1924:
1773:
2254:). They tested five top level English football leagues and two top level Spanish leagues between 2007/2008 and 2016/2017 season. The main result is that home team advantage in Spain is stronger. Spanish
2248:
2073:
513:, is designed in such a way that when the sun is overhead, the home sideline is in the shade while the visitors sideline is directly in the suns path. This, combined with the hot tropical climate
2393:
in all rounds prior to the semi-final), home advantage is determined by a random drawing. However, if the initial match is drawn (tied), home advantage for the replay is given to the other team.
2337:
is the only league that has home-court advantage based solely on which team has the best record (using various tiebreakers to settle the question should the teams finish with identical records).
2265:
Comparison of home advantage in 19 European football leagues between the 2007/2008 and 2016/2017 seasons was made in Marek and VΓ‘vra (2024). They found that, among the analysed leagues, the
1203:
1123:
517:
receives, can lead to differences of up to 30 degrees
Fahrenheit or more between the two sidelines, with the visiting sideline temperature getting as high as 120 Β°F (49 Β°C). The
668:
Additionally in baseball, the host team is familiar with the unique dimensions of their home field yielding them advantages (pitching, hitting, fielding) over visiting teams. Before the
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1296:
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and suggested that for every additional 10,000 people attending, home team advantage increased by 0.1 goals. Additionally, his study found that home teams are likely to be awarded more
714:
Measuring the home-field advantage of a team (in a league with balanced schedule) requires a determination of the number of opponents for which the result at home-field was better (
989:
908:
630:
television. Many teams from warm-weather cities may wear their white uniforms at home, forcing their opponent to wear dark uniforms in the hot weather. An exception is a rule in
2824:, for the first time in NHL history all division winners (who had home-ice advantage) were eliminated in the first round as all the wild-cards advanced to the second round. The
2542:
scheduled two neutral-site games for each team in a non-NHL market, with one as designated home team and one as the designated away team. The neutral site games ended after the
2841:, ensured that for the first time in NHL history, neither of the conference number one seeds advanced to the second round. After that, the two remaining division winners, the
1503:
1446:
95:
In many sports, such designations may also apply to games played at a neutral site, as the rules of various sports make different provisions for home and visiting teams. In
2351:
also uses a seeding system to determine home advantage in the quarterfinals (though not in the semifinals, where the nominal "home" teams are determined by a blind draw).
638:
rules), requiring the home team to wear dark jerseys and the visiting team to wear white jerseys, which may work as a disadvantage to the home team in hot-weather games.
2401:
For certain sporting events, home advantage may be removed by use of a neutral venue. This may be a national stadium that is not a home stadium to any club (for example
599:
training season. How testosterone may influence results is unclear but may include cognitive effects such as motivation and physiological effects such as reaction time.
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1965:
610:
ascribed this to visiting teams' facing "violent crowds, questionable refereeing and rriving just before kick-off after long road trips, often on hazardous surfaces".
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1674:
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796:
232:, for instance, the crowd often makes as much noise as it can when the visiting team is about to run a play. That can make it very difficult for the visiting team's
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2167:(for the test see Rao (2002)). The second proposed approach is based on distance between estimated probability description of home team advantage in two leagues (
2945:
2β3 Format: Team with home advantage hosts Games 3β5. Team without home advantage hosts Games 1β2. This also means the winning team was also forced to overcome a
2367:. Therefore, it is possible for a visiting team to win a game and, hence, gain home-field advantage. This is somewhat similar to the concept of losing serve in
4891:
4880:
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378:. The low humidity also causes baseballs to dry out, making it harder for pitchers to grip them and further reducing their ability to throw breaking balls. The
244:. In contrast, the crowd is often quiet while the home team is on offense, and that enables the quarterback to use the hard count intended to draw the defense
5771:
354:, being one mile (1.6 km) above sea level, has thinner air, enough so that it affects the stamina of athletes whose bodies are not used to it. Although
5215:
2409:
Final and semi-finals). Alternatively the neutral venue may be the home stadium of another club, such as was used historically to stage FA Cup semi-finals.
2329:. Starting in 2017, home-field advantage in the World Series is nowadays given to the team with the best regular season record. Home-ice advantage in the
550:
542:
5371:
5306:
4934:
673:
92:(e.g., best-of-seven) as being given to the team that is scheduled to play one more game at home than their opponent if all necessary games are played.
622:
In a number of sports, the hosting team has the advantage of playing with their first choice uniforms, while the visiting team wears their alternative
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contained many defects, which were said to give the
Celtics, who were more likely to be familiar with the playing surface, an advantage. During the
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3178:
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2318:
577:, in a 17 January 2011 article, reported that home crowds, rigor of travel for visiting teams, scheduling, and unique home field characteristics,
362:
demanding than many other sports, high altitude affects that sport's game play in several important ways. Denver's combination of altitude and a
69:
in particular, the difference may also be the result of the home team having been assembled to take advantage of the idiosyncrasies of the home
4590:
Widermann, Diana; Barton, Robert A.; Hill, Russel A. (2011). "Evolutionary perspectives on sport and competition". In
Roberts, S. Craig (ed.).
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614:
games played under the restricted conditions through March, home teams suffered a decline of 10% while road teamsβ win rates increased by 7%.
5674:
5452:
4734:
4607:
590:
explanation for the home advantage effect refers to observed behavioral and physiological responses in animals when they are defending their
4869:
4407:
4384:
3199:
3158:
3105:
3015:
5345:
1975:
season recorded better result at home field for 13 opponents, same result with 4 opponents, and worse result for two opponents; therefore
442:
adjust the preparation of its pitches in a manner which specifically enhances its own strengths or exacerbates its opponent's weaknesses.
261:
acclimated to local conditions with difficult environments, such as extremely warm or cold weather, or high altitude (such as the case of
5499:
4502:
4328:
Conversely, only six playoff series that are either best-of-five or best-of-seven have seen the road team win every game of the series.
2314:
2297:, home advantage is usually given to the team with the higher seed (which may or may not have the better record), as is the case in the
2738:
5595:
705:
2749:
530:
5080:
2679:
2649:
1806:
1679:
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2892:
This list includes MLB, NBA, and NHL playoff series that are best-of-five or best-of-seven in which the home team wins every game.
5235:
1. The following disciplinary measures may be imposed on member associations and clubs: k. playing of a match in a third country
4512:
2987:
2713:
2426:
2302:
430:
172:
5418:
It's the first time in NHL history that both conference top seeds were eliminated in the first round of the
Stanley Cup playoffs
4713:
2251:
2170:
538:
1978:
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407:
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Champions Cup rules regarding semi final venues, which were taken directly from those of the competition's predecessor, the
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as the designated home team. Exactly 60% of their wins were in their home park, and 61.0% of their losses were on the road.
2079:
Marek and VΓ‘vra (2018) described procedure which allows to use observed counts of combined measure of home team advantage (
5750:
2668:
2286:
schedules often have an imbalance in which the most successful and largest teams can negotiate more home appearances than
422:
266:
176:
4795:
1505:, then the result for Arsenal at home was worse). Same approach has to be used for all opponents in one season to obtain
335:
games from 1992 to 2006, to discern any officiating bias and the influence of home crowds. The data was published in the
2957:
1β1β1β1β1β1β1 Format: Team with home advantage hosts Games 1, 3, 5, 7. Team without home advantage hosts Games 2, 4, 6.
2494:
2348:
493:
414:
160:
31:
5477:. CondΓ© Nast Digital. Retrieved 2011-02-21. (Interview with L. Jon Wertheim, about his and Tobias J. Moskowitz's book,
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5560:
5133:
It must be held in the same country as the team drawn as "home". However, exceptions have been allowed. Most notably,
4888:
4877:
2809:
2672:
603:
505:, it remained important to the many college baseball teams that played games in the Dome until its late 2013 closing.
478:
245:
211:. Away goals can also sometimes be used to separate teams level on points and goal difference in league competitions.
4733:
scored three goals in La Paz yesterday as
Argentina slumped to its heaviest defeat since losing by the same score to
2866:
1972:
1128:
1048:
4847:
2918:
Indicates that games were played at a neutral site, and is based on whoever was the designated home team due to the
2717:
2694:
2657:
2322:
470:
179:(1998) are all in part attributed to the fact that the World Cup was held in the winner's country. A 2006 study by
2965:
2β2β1β1β1 Format: Team with home advantage hosts Games 1β2, 5, 7. Team without home advantage hosts Games 3β4, 6.
4304:
4287:
4270:
4234:
4214:
4197:
4179:
4159:
4141:
4124:
4106:
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1β1β1β1β1 Format: Team with home advantage hosts Games 1, 3, 5. Team without home advantage hosts Games 2 and 4.
2830:
2821:
2569:
2449:
in 2021 was the first Super Bowl in which one of the participating teams was playing in its home stadium, as the
1968:
1800:
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2812:, was the first in which no significant advantage was recorded: home teams that year finished 127β128β1 (.498).
1328:
1235:
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4392:
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399:
395:
196:
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for teams whose fans cause disturbances at a previous match. For example, after the violent clashes after the
5379:
802:β are used to determine which results are better, same, and which are worse. Given two results between teams
665:, which oftentimes increase the chance of scoring one run, but decrease the chance of scoring multiple runs.
350:
Further, home players can be accustomed to peculiar environmental conditions of their home area. The city of
116:, one game played in each team's "home", are common. It is also common to hold important games, such as the
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Other factors, however, are easier to detect and can have noticeable effects on the outcome of the game. In
2730:
2635:, the game has been held at the venue of the participating team that had the better regular season record.
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2547:
2543:
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2313:, which from 2003 to 2016, awarded home-field advantage to the team representing the league which won the
340:
305:
257:
148:
4687:
2756:, but went 20β21 away. This meant that 63% of their wins were at home, and 75% of their losses were away.
2290:, a situation that was also prevalent in the early, disorganized years of the National Football League.)
940:
859:
5634:
4005:
3499:
3381:
3318:
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2β2β1 Format: Team with home advantage hosts Games 1β2, 5. Team without home advantage hosts Games 3β4.
2825:
2789:
2697:, whose 103β59 record was second-best in MLB. They were 11 games better on the road than at home (46β35
2558:(sometimes also including preseason exhibitions against European clubs), first from 2007 to 2011 as the
2511:
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391:
327:
Ryan Boyko, a research assistant in the Department of Psychology in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences at
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that the Presidents' Trophy winners were defeated in the opening round. They were soon followed by the
433:, who were ranked sixth in the world, 6β1 on April 1, 2009, Argentina's heaviest defeat since 1958. In
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had 14 wins, 7 draws and 17 losses. They had 64% of their wins away, and 53% of their losses at home.
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Neutral-venue matches may arise out of necessity. For example, on December 12, 2010, the roof of the
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home ground, home field, home-field advantage, home court, home-court advantage, defender's advantage
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have a very large home advantage. This anomaly has been countered with Colorado's innovative use of
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had 30 wins, 7 draws and 1 loss. They had 57% of their wins at home, and 100% of their losses away.
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2842:
2624:
2266:
445:
The weather can also play a major factor. For example, the February average temperature minimum in
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485:
in the late fall and early winter, regularly suffer large numbers of injuries late in the season.
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and 27β14 away. In all, 55% of their wins were at home, and 64% of their losses were on the road.
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488:
Sometimes the unique attributes of a stadium create a home-field advantage. The unique off-white
328:
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120:, at a neutral site in which the location is determined years in advance. In many team sports in
82:
5098:"Who has home court advantage in the NBA Finals? Why 3-seed Warriors are hosting 2-seed Celtics"
2344:, the team with the better regular season record, regardless of seed, has home-court advantage.
1929:
606:; each of the 20 teams lost at most 3 of 19 home matches and won at most 3 of 19 away matches.
5639:
5620:
5076:
5072:
5065:
4646:
4603:
4448:
4427:
4361:
4275:
4257:
4071:
4012:
3994:
3982:
3965:
3953:
3935:
3915:
3886:
3856:
3836:
3815:
3798:
3778:
3761:
3744:
3724:
3707:
3687:
3669:
3659:
3649:
3629:
3608:
3564:
3547:
3526:
3506:
3494:
3487:
3467:
3451:
3436:
3431:
3411:
3391:
3370:
3350:
3334:
3313:
3275:
3255:
3163:
3125:
3092:
3070:
3046:
3041:
2919:
2705:
2664:
and 51β30 away. Of their wins, 52.8% were at home, and 55.6% of their losses were on the road.
2564:
2490:
681:
677:
558:
506:
387:
386:
to keep the baseballs from drying out. Denver's altitude advantage has also come into play in
363:
297:
229:
151:
home and away legs, with weaker teams often beating the favourites when playing at home. The
5575:
5150:
4974:
4964:
4636:
4624:
4595:
4224:
4202:
4169:
4117:
3867:
3619:
3226:
In a best-of-five or best-of-seven series, the home team has won every game in 43 different
3189:
3115:
3110:
3058:
2698:
2675:, 19β62 away). Of their total wins, 59.6% were at home, and 53.9% of their losses were away.
2462:
2430:
2283:
2136:
1649:
1562:
771:
685:
635:
482:
379:
359:
321:
262:
2611:) from being drawn in the same group, but it does happen - for example, the UkraineβKosovo
2109:
2082:
1622:
1595:
1535:
1508:
1301:
1208:
1021:
994:
913:
832:
805:
744:
717:
5544:
5470:
4895:
4884:
4873:
4854:
4462:
4417:
4369:
4292:
4280:
4000:
3987:
3896:
3891:
3846:
3749:
3734:
3674:
3589:
3569:
3557:
3537:
3511:
3416:
3401:
3360:
3296:
3260:
3076:
2805:
2617:
2531:
2498:
2402:
2375:
2326:
1796:
658:
627:
498:
370:
to travel about 10% farther than at sea level, and also slightly reduces the ability of a
208:
4778:
Moskowitz, Tobias J., and L. Jon Wertheim, "What's Really Behind Home Field Advantage",
2701:, 57β24 away). Of their wins, 44.6% were at home, while 40.7% of their losses were away.
2477:. Both games were awarded to their respective locations in 2017. Two other Super Bowls (
5725:
5715:
5146:
4730:
4485:
4457:
4438:
4397:
4207:
3970:
3940:
3903:
3826:
3771:
3552:
3531:
3456:
3375:
3339:
3209:
3204:
3183:
3151:
3098:
3026:
2873:
2834:
2587:
A requirement to play home matches at a neutral venue has been used as a punishment by
2577:
2482:
2478:
2466:
2458:
2270:
2259:
1778:
522:
510:
462:
411:
332:
186:
113:
89:
78:
74:
5765:
5710:
5372:"NHL Playoffs 2019: All the division winners have been eliminated in the first round"
5045:
5014:
4995:
4314:
4152:
4022:
3946:
3841:
3820:
3808:
3766:
3754:
3680:
3596:
3584:
3516:
3477:
2581:
2516:
2502:
2446:
2434:
654:
526:
514:
474:
438:
375:
309:
121:
58:
54:
324:
in many sports will emphasize the home team's goals and lineup to excite the crowd.
5735:
5694:
5684:
5629:
5534:
5167:"Explained: Neutral venues, testing & tension β how Premier League will return"
5121:
4800:
4507:
3227:
3063:
2850:
2753:
2742:
2632:
2470:
2334:
2310:
2298:
693:
689:
623:
595:
566:
502:
317:
277:
30:"Home field advantage" redirects here. For the album by The High & Mighty, see
5479:
Scorecasting: The Hidden Influences Behind How Sports are Played and Games are Won
4565:
17:
4665:
2986:
In a best-of-five or best-of-seven series, the home team has won every game of a
2712:
where all seven games were won by the road team. Ironically, both finalists, the
680:
added permanently in the National League, the home league's rules concerning the
537:-led Celtics posted a home court record of 40β1; this record still stands in the
5740:
5730:
4543:"Il fattore campo si prende la rivincita [Home advantage takes revenge]"
2661:
662:
367:
293:
270:
237:
233:
4909:
2800:
At least some degree of home field advantage has been recorded in almost every
366:(the city averages only about 16 in/400 mm precipitation annually) allows
5745:
5720:
3920:
3803:
2792:, the home team won 95 games (54.3%), and the away team won 80 games (45.7%).
2506:
2442:
2341:
642:
562:
534:
253:
249:
241:
203:
In recognition of the difficulty in winning away matches, cup competitions in
133:
129:
117:
38:
4650:
2767:, going 9β32 and 19β22 at home and 13β28 and 20β21 on the road, respectively.
2576:βfalling roughly halfway between the markets of the participating teams, the
5610:
5307:"The 2019 World Series Defied Everything We Know About Home-Field Advantage"
4935:"The 2019 World Series Defied Everything We Know About Home-Field Advantage"
4641:
3874:
3783:
3712:
2804:
season; each year, designated home teams have won more games than lost. The
2733:, the home team won 729 games (59%), and the away team won 501 games (41%).
2600:
2497:
collapsed due to a snowstorm. The Vikings were supposed to play against the
2287:
582:
enough to affect the outcomes of sporting events in favor of the home team.
320:, and other means to enliven the crowd will be in support of the home team.
313:
285:
181:
5046:"Comparison of Home Team Advantage in English and Spanish Football Leagues"
2554:
reduced the regular season from 84 to 82 games per team. The NHL has held
461:
is 10 Β°F (β12 Β°C), with snow being common. This means that when
4969:
4952:
4796:"Why is Nigeria the world's toughest league in which to get an away win?"
2785:
2781:
2777:
2294:
646:
446:
355:
344:
125:
96:
70:
62:
5484:
5280:"This is the first-ever World Series where neither team won a home game"
2849:, were each eliminated in an overtime game, the Predators in six by the
5669:
5284:
5153:, which is far closer to Biarritz than any acceptable ground in France.
4979:
2678:
The largest differential between home and road records was that of the
2628:
2255:
518:
434:
383:
371:
289:
66:
2759:
The only teams with a better record on the road than at home were the
2250:) which can be measured by Jeffrey divergence (a symmetric version of
410:
also enjoys the advantage of playing at high altitude: at home during
5134:
2608:
2604:
2406:
2390:
2368:
2321:; before 2003, home-field advantage alternated each year between the
489:
458:
450:
418:
351:
281:
4040:
has the home team gone undefeated across the entirety of the series.
417:
at the even more extreme 3,600 m (11,800 ft) altitude of
5145:
border, have been allowed to take semifinals across the border to
5142:
5050:
Proceedings of 17th Conference on Applied Mathematics APLIMAT 2018
2596:
454:
453:
is 50 Β°F (10 Β°C), while the average at the same time in
4714:"Argentina Loses 6-1 to Bolivia in Biggest Soccer Loss Since '58"
5590:
4323:"Big Four" playoff series in which the road team goes undefeated
2887:"Big Four" playoff series in which the home team goes undefeated
2588:
5488:
2445:
is also played in a venue chosen years in advance of the game.
2317:
that year, to help raise interest in the All-Star Game after a
1391:(for example, if Arsenal won 3β1 at home against Chelsea, i.e.
2572:
was also a neutral site game, played in the non-NHL market of
2438:
1919:{\displaystyle P(p_{1}>p_{-1})=1-I_{1/2}(k_{1}+1,k_{-1}+1)}
1768:{\displaystyle {\hat {p}}_{r}={\frac {k_{r}+1}{K+3}},r=-1,0,1}
2262:
has the lowest home team advantage, among analysed leagues.
4953:"Comparison of Home Advantage in European Football Leagues"
4036:
In a best-of-five or best-of-seven series, 13 times in the
2363:
all remaining games in the series are won by the home team
2433:
played (and lost) the 2012 final at their home stadium of
2243:{\displaystyle {\hat {p}}_{r}={\frac {k_{r}}{K}},r=-1,0,1}
1018:'s field, we can compute differences in scores (e.g. from
398:
history took place in Denver, as did the longest recorded
300:
this may not always be the case). In some sports, such as
4625:"Home Advantage in Ice Hockey Matches without Spectators"
2282:
leagues with structured schedules; for a counterexample,
5431:"Sky Sports bust common football myths: Home advantage?"
5192:"Tickets to go on sale for Heritage Classic on April 25"
5141:, located less than 20 kilometres (12 mi) from the
2693:
An especially anomalous home/away split was that of the
2068:{\displaystyle P(p_{1}>p_{-1})=1-I_{1/2}(14,3)=0.998}
594:
against intruders. This causes a rise in aggression and
276:
The stadium or arena will typically be filled with home
2501:
at the stadium the next day. The game was moved to the
85:; most other sports are played in standardized venues.
2333:
is given to the team with the best season record. The
2910:
Indicates the winner went on to win the championship
2173:
2139:
2112:
2085:
1981:
1932:
1809:
1781:
1682:
1652:
1625:
1598:
1565:
1538:
1511:
1454:
1397:
1331:
1304:
1238:
1211:
1131:
1051:
1024:
997:
943:
916:
862:
835:
808:
774:
747:
720:
5703:
5662:
5619:
5553:
5522:
5403:"Top-seed Flames join Lightning as 1st-round flops"
5015:"Home team advantage in the English Premier League"
5000:
MathSport International 2017 Conference Proceedings
4951:Marek, Patrice; VΓ‘vra, FrantiΕ‘ek (21 August 2020).
4824:"What is the True Effect of NHL Home Ice Advantage"
4331:
Only three have occurred in a best-of-seven format.
1799:). To test hypothesis that home-field advantage is
5064:
2242:
2155:
2125:
2098:
2067:
1959:
1918:
1795:is total number of opponents in a league (this is
1787:
1767:
1668:
1638:
1611:
1581:
1551:
1524:
1497:
1440:
1383:
1317:
1290:
1224:
1197:
1117:
1037:
1010:
983:
929:
902:
848:
821:
790:
760:
733:
5453:Home-field advantage statistical study (baseball)
5249:"Big changes for MLS Cup Playoffs format in 2012"
5067:Linear Statistical Inference and its Applications
481:) is subject to high and unpredictable winds and
5127:The venue cannot be a team's normal home ground.
2949:by winning three elimination games (Games 3β5).
5481:, including "notions of home-field advantage".)
5475:Playbook: The Wired World of Sports (wired.com)
5044:Marek, Patrice; VΓ‘vra, FrantiΕ‘ek (March 2018).
4996:"Home Team Advantage in English Premier League"
2613:qualifier game for the 2018 World Championships
1198:{\displaystyle d_{a,T_{1}}=a_{T_{1}}-h_{T_{2}}}
1118:{\displaystyle d_{h,T_{1}}=h_{T_{1}}-a_{T_{2}}}
701:Measuring and comparing of home-field advantage
4910:"Everything you need to know about '22 season"
5500:
5458:Urawa Red Diamonds Official Site (in English)
5165:Slater, Matt; Ornstein, David (May 2, 2020).
4946:
4944:
2708:is the first 7-game series in the history of
602:An extreme example of home advantage was the
343:, and this is more likely with inexperienced
220:Factors related to the location and the venue
8:
5471:"Scorecasting Tackles Sportsβ Biggest Myths"
5346:"What Happened to NFL Home-Field Advantage?"
4898:, Phil Hecken, 2010 (Retrieved 3 March 2013)
2556:neutral-site, season-opening games in Europe
798:). Goals scored and conceded β in so called
425:, a team regularly ranked number one in the
240:play changes, or for any player to hear the
5223:UEFA Disciplinary Regulations, Edition 2016
5130:It must have a capacity of at least 20,000.
4562:""Home Field Advantage" at London Olympics"
4228:
4173:
4081:
3929:
3850:
3792:
3738:
3701:
3663:
3578:
3541:
3481:
3135:
3086:
3030:
2902:Indicates series in the championship round
2737:The team with the best overall record, the
2656:The team with the best overall record, the
2389:In some cup competitions, (for example the
2258:has the strongest home team advantage, and
501:with that team's 2010 move to the open-air
269:, many of whose home matches are played in
248:as the defense can hear the hard count. In
5616:
5507:
5493:
5485:
2340:For most championship series, such as the
1384:{\displaystyle d_{h,T_{1}}<d_{a,T_{1}}}
1291:{\displaystyle d_{h,T_{1}}>d_{a,T_{1}}}
88:The term is also widely used in "best-of"
27:Advantage a team has playing in home venue
5013:Marek, Patrice; VΓ‘vra, FrantiΕ‘ek (2020).
4994:Marek, Patrice; VΓ‘vra, FrantiΕ‘ek (2017).
4978:
4968:
4640:
4623:Marek, Patrice; VΓ‘vra, FrantiΕ‘ek (2024).
4600:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199586073.001.0001
2650:2018 Major League Baseball regular season
2202:
2196:
2187:
2176:
2175:
2172:
2144:
2138:
2117:
2111:
2090:
2084:
2034:
2030:
2005:
1992:
1980:
1941:
1937:
1931:
1898:
1879:
1862:
1858:
1833:
1820:
1808:
1780:
1712:
1705:
1696:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1657:
1651:
1630:
1624:
1603:
1597:
1570:
1564:
1543:
1537:
1516:
1510:
1459:
1453:
1402:
1396:
1373:
1362:
1347:
1336:
1330:
1309:
1303:
1280:
1269:
1254:
1243:
1237:
1216:
1210:
1187:
1182:
1167:
1162:
1147:
1136:
1130:
1107:
1102:
1087:
1082:
1067:
1056:
1050:
1029:
1023:
1002:
996:
973:
968:
953:
948:
942:
921:
915:
892:
887:
872:
867:
861:
840:
834:
813:
807:
779:
773:
752:
746:
725:
719:
5680:Harris Interactive College Football Poll
4848:"Mets and Braves wearing color vs color"
4564:. Berkshire Publishining. Archived from
4473:2023 American League Championship Series
4336:
4043:
3233:
3179:2017 American League Championship Series
3142:2004 National League Championship Series
3054:1984 National League Championship Series
3037:1982 American League Championship Series
2993:
2895:
2359:for whichever team would win the series
2165:test for homogeneity of parallel samples
704:
565:-based arena in the southern suburbs of
77:, such as the distances to the outfield
5448:Home advantage study (college football)
4908:Castrovince, Anthony (March 10, 2022).
4534:
2837:, who with their five-game loss to the
2163:) in two leagues to be compared by the
1448:, and Arsenal won 3β0 at Chelsea, i.e.
800:combined measure of home team advantage
53:– describes the benefit that the
2277:Gaining or losing home-field advantage
1676:are used to estimate probabilities as
5675:FWAA-NFF Grantland Rice Super 16 Poll
5469:Repanich, Jeremy (January 27, 2011).
5247:Freedman, Jonah (November 20, 2011).
4585:
4583:
4503:Major League Baseball (All-Star Game)
4235:2002 Eastern Conference Quarterfinals
2752:had the best home record, going 34β7
2269:had the strongest home advantage and
252:, when a visiting player is making a
7:
5344:Princiotti, Nora (January 6, 2021).
4508:Major League Baseball (World Series)
4408:2012 National League Division Series
4385:2010 American League Division Series
4288:2016 Western Conference Second Round
3200:2019 American League Division Series
3159:2011 National League Division Series
3106:1995 American League Division Series
3016:1981 National League Division Series
2667:The team with the worst record, the
5772:Terminology used in multiple sports
5278:DiGangi, Diana (October 30, 2019).
4666:"Study Reveals Referees' Home Bias"
4362:1984 Eastern Conference First Round
4305:2022 Eastern Conference First Round
4013:2024 Eastern Conference First Round
3995:2020 Western Conference First Round
3983:2018 Eastern Conference First Round
3936:2008 Eastern Conference First Round
3916:2004 Eastern Conference First Round
3887:2002 Eastern Conference First Round
3857:2000 Western Conference First Round
3837:1999 Eastern Conference First Round
3799:1997 Eastern Conference First Round
3779:1996 Western Conference First Round
3708:1992 Western Conference First Round
3688:1991 Western Conference First Round
3630:1990 Eastern Conference First Round
3565:1988 Eastern Conference First Round
3507:1984 Eastern Conference First Round
2853:, and the Capitals in seven by the
2509:. The following week, the Vikings'
984:{\displaystyle h_{T_{2}}:a_{T_{1}}}
903:{\displaystyle h_{T_{1}}:a_{T_{2}}}
5596:Pomeroy College Basketball Ratings
5071:. John Wiley & Sons. pp.
4513:Major League Baseball (postseason)
4449:2020 Eastern Conference Semifinals
4271:2013 Western Conference Semifinals
4160:1981 Stanley Cup preliminary round
3966:2017 Eastern Conference Semifinals
3954:2008 Eastern Conference Semifinals
3745:1994 Eastern Conference Semifinals
3725:1993 Western Conference Semifinals
3650:1990 Western Conference Semifinals
3527:1984 Eastern Conference Semifinals
3495:1977 Western Conference Semifinals
3488:1973 Western Conference Semifinals
3468:1971 Western Conference Semifinals
2309:. One exception to this was MLB's
421:they have even been known to beat
25:
5216:"Article 6 Disciplinary measures"
4688:"More humidors likely on horizon"
4549:(in Italian). September 19, 2001.
618:Factors related to the game rules
5581:English Chess Federation grading
5401:Kaplan, Emily (April 20, 2019).
5370:Silber, Sammi (April 24, 2019).
4180:1982 Patrick Division Semifinals
3432:1964 Eastern Division Semifinals
3412:1964 Western Division Semifinals
3351:1961 Western Division Semifinals
2988:Major League Baseball postseason
2686:, 31β50 away, and winning their
1973:2015/2016 English Premier League
509:, the home stadium of the NFL's
4857:, 2009 (Retrieved 5 March 2013)
4794:Doyle, Paul (29 October 2013).
4592:Applied Evolutionary Psychology
4489:
4466:
4447:
4442:
4421:
4401:
4378:
3993:
3830:
3643:
3623:
3520:
3461:
3445:
3425:
3405:
3385:
3364:
3344:
3328:
3307:
3290:
3269:
3213:
3193:
3172:
3119:
2969:
2961:
2953:
2941:
2933:
2925:
2914:
2660:, finished 108β54, going 57β24
2631:final at a neutral site. Since
2593:Turkey-Switzerland game in 2005
2550:was lockout-shortened, and the
2273:had the lowest home advantage.
1498:{\displaystyle d_{a,Arsenal}=3}
1441:{\displaystyle d_{h,Arsenal}=2}
1325:played better at away field if
1232:played better at home field if
672:labor agreement that ended the
4867:"NFL Color vs. Color β Part I"
4629:Austrian Journal of Statistics
4215:1992 Adams Division Semifinals
4198:1985 Adams Division Semifinals
4125:1976 Stanley Cup Quarterfinals
3816:1998 Eastern Conference Finals
3762:1995 Eastern Conference Finals
3670:1990 Eastern Conference Finals
3609:1988 Western Conference Finals
3548:1987 Eastern Conference Finals
2530:As part of a settlement for a
2181:
2056:
2044:
2014:
1985:
1954:
1951:
1913:
1872:
1842:
1813:
1690:
634:(except Texas, which plays by
429:. More recently, Bolivia beat
1:
5695:USA Today/Amway Coaches' Poll
5606:Rating Percentage Index (RPI)
4889:"Part III: A Modest Proposal"
4878:"Part II: Back to the Future"
4784:, 17 January 2011, pp. 65β72.
4686:Renck, Troy (June 20, 2006).
2810:empty and near-empty stadiums
2741:, finished 60β22, going 33β8
632:high school American football
267:Mexico national football team
149:UEFA Europa Conference League
5096:Skiver, Kevin (2022-06-02).
4712:Baynes, Dan (2 April 2009).
3452:1965 Eastern Division Finals
3392:1963 Western Division Finals
3371:1962 Eastern Division Finals
3335:1959 Eastern Division Finals
3314:1956 Eastern Division Finals
3276:1953 Western Division Finals
3256:1951 Eastern Division Finals
2495:Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome
2349:European Rugby Champions Cup
1971:. For example, Newcastle in
494:Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome
32:Home Field Advantage (album)
5561:Advanced Football Analytics
5554:Methods and computer models
5321:"Home advantage in the IPL"
4594:. Oxford University Press.
4142:1979 Stanley Cup Semifinals
4107:1974 Stanley Cup Semifinals
2710:major North American sports
2271:English Football League Two
2260:English football league two
2252:KullbackβLeibler divergence
604:2013 Nigeria Premier League
5788:
2731:2018β19 NBA regular season
684:(DH) were followed during
471:2009-10 UEFA Europa League
337:Journal of Sports Sciences
29:
4883:14 September 2012 at the
4853:6 March 2013 at Wikiwix,
4388:
3969:
3939:
3885:
3855:
3563:
3476:
3471:
3440:
3323:
3285:
3114:
3075:
2822:2019 Stanley Cup playoffs
2570:2019 NHL Heritage Classic
1969:incomplete gamma function
1960:{\displaystyle I_{1/2}()}
1801:statistically significant
197:Adams & Kupper (1994)
57:is said to gain over the
5571:Bowl Championship Series
4894:14 December 2013 at the
4872:28 November 2012 at the
2802:National Football League
2461:. The next year saw the
396:National Football League
5601:Pythagorean expectation
4642:10.17713/ajs.v53i3.1664
4264:Mighty Ducks of Anaheim
4252:2003 Stanley Cup Finals
4088:1965 Stanley Cup Finals
4066:1955 Stanley Cup Finals
2562:, and from 2017 as the
2536:NHL Players Association
2521:University of Minnesota
588:evolutionary psychology
437:, the condition of the
256:, home fans behind the
5151:Donostia-San SebastiΓ‘n
4560:Christensen, Kristen.
3789:Portland Trail Blazers
3693:Portland Trail Blazers
3655:Portland Trail Blazers
2867:2018β19 Premier League
2688:only neutral-site game
2540:National Hockey League
2374:As an example, in the
2244:
2157:
2156:{\displaystyle k_{-1}}
2127:
2100:
2069:
1961:
1920:
1789:
1769:
1670:
1669:{\displaystyle k_{-1}}
1640:
1613:
1583:
1582:{\displaystyle k_{-1}}
1553:
1526:
1499:
1442:
1385:
1319:
1292:
1226:
1199:
1119:
1039:
1012:
985:
931:
904:
850:
823:
792:
791:{\displaystyle k_{-1}}
762:
735:
711:
477:, whose home stadium (
374:to throw an effective
333:English Premier League
5516:Sports rating systems
4006:Oklahoma City Thunder
3500:Golden State Warriors
3382:Philadelphia Warriors
3319:Philadelphia Warriors
2826:Columbus Blue Jackets
2790:Indian Premier League
2680:Philadelphia Phillies
2671:, went 47β115 (28β53
2512:Monday Night Football
2475:Inglewood, California
2455:Raymond James Stadium
2245:
2158:
2128:
2126:{\displaystyle k_{0}}
2101:
2099:{\displaystyle k_{1}}
2070:
1962:
1921:
1790:
1770:
1671:
1641:
1639:{\displaystyle k_{0}}
1614:
1612:{\displaystyle k_{1}}
1584:
1554:
1552:{\displaystyle k_{0}}
1527:
1525:{\displaystyle k_{1}}
1500:
1443:
1386:
1320:
1318:{\displaystyle T_{1}}
1293:
1227:
1225:{\displaystyle T_{1}}
1200:
1120:
1040:
1038:{\displaystyle T_{1}}
1013:
1011:{\displaystyle T_{2}}
986:
932:
930:{\displaystyle T_{1}}
905:
851:
849:{\displaystyle T_{2}}
824:
822:{\displaystyle T_{1}}
793:
763:
761:{\displaystyle k_{0}}
736:
734:{\displaystyle k_{1}}
708:
688:games, including the
670:Major League Baseball
555:Vanderbilt University
390:; the second longest
141:UEFA Champions League
114:matches with two legs
5540:Strength of schedule
5325:www.espncricinfo.com
4970:10.3390/risks8030087
4434:Washington Nationals
4413:San Francisco Giants
4038:Stanley Cup playoffs
3718:Los Angeles Clippers
3169:Arizona Diamondbacks
3131:Arizona Diamondbacks
2861:Association football
2714:Washington Nationals
2627:formerly hosted its
2574:Regina, Saskatchewan
2451:Tampa Bay Buccaneers
2307:Stanley Cup playoffs
2171:
2137:
2110:
2083:
1979:
1930:
1807:
1779:
1680:
1650:
1623:
1596:
1563:
1536:
1509:
1452:
1395:
1329:
1302:
1236:
1209:
1129:
1049:
1022:
995:
941:
914:
860:
833:
806:
772:
745:
718:
492:-coated roof of the
404:association football
302:association football
205:association football
110:association football
45:– also called
5063:Rao, C. R. (2002).
4568:on January 18, 2013
4518:Circadian advantage
4338:
4310:Carolina Hurricanes
4298:Nashville Predators
4240:Toronto Maple Leafs
4191:Pittsburgh Penguins
4165:Philadelphia Flyers
4135:Toronto Maple Leafs
4130:Philadelphia Flyers
4112:Philadelphia Flyers
4100:Chicago Black Hawks
4045:
4018:Cleveland Cavaliers
3959:Cleveland Cavaliers
3926:New Orleans Hornets
3880:Seattle SuperSonics
3730:Seattle SuperSonics
3698:Seattle SuperSonics
3640:Cleveland Cavaliers
3602:Cleveland Cavaliers
3235:
3147:St. Louis Cardinals
3083:St. Louis Cardinals
3021:Los Angeles Dodgers
2995:
2907:Eventual champion*
2855:Carolina Hurricanes
2847:Washington Capitals
2843:Nashville Predators
2625:Major League Soccer
2267:Super League Greece
1045:'s point of view):
427:FIFA World Rankings
298:crosstown rivalries
187:English Premiership
5690:NAIA Coaches' Poll
5586:Litkenhous Ratings
5566:ARGH Power Ratings
5309:. 31 October 2019.
5171:The New York Times
5139:Biarritz Olympique
5019:MetodoloΕ‘ki Zvezki
4937:. 31 October 2019.
4781:Sports Illustrated
4664:BBC (2007-05-06).
4375:Philadelphia 76ers
4337:
4245:New York Islanders
4220:Montreal Canadiens
4185:New York Islanders
4147:Montreal Canadiens
4094:Montreal Canadiens
4078:Montreal Canadiens
4044:
3976:Washington Wizards
3909:Philadelphia 76ers
3862:Los Angeles Lakers
3635:Philadelphia 76ers
3614:Los Angeles Lakers
3575:Washington Bullets
3473:Los Angeles Lakers
3442:Philadelphia 76ers
3422:Los Angeles Lakers
3397:Los Angeles Lakers
3356:Los Angeles Lakers
3325:Syracuse Nationals
3303:Syracuse Nationals
3287:Fort Wayne Pistons
3281:Minneapolis Lakers
3266:Syracuse Nationals
3234:
2994:
2947:2β0 series deficit
2839:Colorado Avalanche
2623:In North America,
2552:1995β96 NHL season
2544:1993β94 NHL season
2384:Philadelphia 76ers
2380:Los Angeles Lakers
2331:Stanley Cup Finals
2240:
2153:
2123:
2096:
2065:
1957:
1916:
1797:Bayesian estimator
1785:
1765:
1666:
1636:
1609:
1579:
1549:
1522:
1495:
1438:
1381:
1315:
1288:
1222:
1195:
1115:
1035:
1008:
981:
927:
900:
846:
819:
788:
758:
731:
712:
574:Sports Illustrated
543:Memorial Gymnasium
465:played at home to
329:Harvard University
322:Stadium announcers
185:found that in the
145:UEFA Europa League
51:home-ice advantage
18:Home ice advantage
5759:
5758:
5663:Polls and opinion
5658:
5657:
5382:on April 25, 2019
4828:onlinegambling.ca
4760:. 4 December 2012
4609:978-0-19-958607-3
4494:
4493:
4428:2019 World Series
4320:
4319:
4276:Los Angeles Kings
4258:New Jersey Devils
4072:Detroit Red Wings
4028:
4027:
3660:San Antonio Spurs
3437:Cincinnati Royals
3218:
3217:
3164:Milwaukee Brewers
3126:2001 World Series
3093:1991 World Series
3071:1987 World Series
3047:California Angels
3042:Milwaukee Brewers
2978:
2977:
2920:COVID-19 pandemic
2796:American football
2706:2019 World Series
2669:Baltimore Orioles
2565:NHL Global Series
2519:was moved to the
2515:game against the
2491:Minnesota Vikings
2469:at their home of
2429:). Most recently
2211:
2184:
1788:{\displaystyle K}
1736:
1693:
682:designated hitter
678:designated hitter
559:Cherry Hill Arena
525:' former home of
507:Hard Rock Stadium
388:gridiron football
364:semi-arid climate
265:, as well as the
230:American football
207:often invoke the
16:(Redirected from
5779:
5617:
5576:Dickinson System
5509:
5502:
5495:
5486:
5435:
5434:
5427:
5421:
5420:
5415:
5413:
5398:
5392:
5391:
5389:
5387:
5378:. Archived from
5376:Yahoo!Sports.com
5367:
5361:
5360:
5358:
5356:
5341:
5335:
5334:
5332:
5331:
5317:
5311:
5310:
5303:
5297:
5296:
5294:
5292:
5275:
5269:
5268:
5266:
5264:
5255:. Archived from
5244:
5238:
5237:
5232:
5230:
5220:
5212:
5206:
5205:
5203:
5202:
5188:
5182:
5181:
5179:
5177:
5162:
5156:
5118:
5112:
5111:
5109:
5108:
5093:
5087:
5086:
5070:
5060:
5054:
5053:
5041:
5035:
5034:
5032:
5030:
5010:
5004:
5003:
4991:
4985:
4984:
4982:
4972:
4948:
4939:
4938:
4931:
4925:
4924:
4922:
4920:
4905:
4899:
4864:
4858:
4845:
4839:
4838:
4836:
4834:
4820:
4814:
4813:
4811:
4809:
4791:
4785:
4776:
4770:
4769:
4767:
4765:
4750:
4744:
4743:
4726:
4724:
4709:
4703:
4702:
4700:
4698:
4683:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4661:
4655:
4654:
4644:
4620:
4614:
4613:
4587:
4578:
4577:
4575:
4573:
4557:
4551:
4550:
4539:
4339:
4225:Hartford Whalers
4203:Quebec Nordiques
4170:Quebec Nordiques
4118:New York Rangers
4046:
3868:Sacramento Kings
3620:Dallas Mavericks
3236:
3190:New York Yankees
3116:New York Yankees
3111:Seattle Mariners
3059:San Diego Padres
2996:
2990:series 11 times.
2896:
2548:following season
2525:TCF Bank Stadium
2463:Los Angeles Rams
2293:However, in the
2284:college football
2249:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2212:
2207:
2206:
2197:
2192:
2191:
2186:
2185:
2177:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2132:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2105:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2074:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2013:
2012:
1997:
1996:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1958:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1917:
1906:
1905:
1884:
1883:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1841:
1840:
1825:
1824:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1786:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1737:
1735:
1724:
1717:
1716:
1706:
1701:
1700:
1695:
1694:
1686:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1667:
1665:
1664:
1645:
1643:
1642:
1637:
1635:
1634:
1618:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1608:
1607:
1588:
1586:
1585:
1580:
1578:
1577:
1558:
1556:
1555:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1531:
1529:
1528:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1504:
1502:
1501:
1496:
1488:
1487:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1431:
1430:
1390:
1388:
1387:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1324:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1285:
1284:
1261:
1260:
1259:
1258:
1231:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1221:
1220:
1204:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1124:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1112:
1111:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1071:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1034:
1033:
1017:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1007:
1006:
990:
988:
987:
982:
980:
979:
978:
977:
960:
959:
958:
957:
936:
934:
933:
928:
926:
925:
909:
907:
906:
901:
899:
898:
897:
896:
879:
878:
877:
876:
855:
853:
852:
847:
845:
844:
828:
826:
825:
820:
818:
817:
797:
795:
794:
789:
787:
786:
767:
765:
764:
759:
757:
756:
740:
738:
737:
732:
730:
729:
624:away/road colors
545:, the venue for
531:1985β1986 season
483:lake-effect snow
479:Highmark Stadium
380:Colorado Rockies
331:, studied 5,000
21:
5787:
5786:
5782:
5781:
5780:
5778:
5777:
5776:
5762:
5761:
5760:
5755:
5699:
5654:
5615:
5549:
5545:Win probability
5518:
5513:
5464:Further reading
5439:
5438:
5429:
5428:
5424:
5411:
5409:
5400:
5399:
5395:
5385:
5383:
5369:
5368:
5364:
5354:
5352:
5343:
5342:
5338:
5329:
5327:
5319:
5318:
5314:
5305:
5304:
5300:
5290:
5288:
5277:
5276:
5272:
5262:
5260:
5259:on July 3, 2021
5246:
5245:
5241:
5228:
5226:
5218:
5214:
5213:
5209:
5200:
5198:
5196:CTV News Regina
5190:
5189:
5185:
5175:
5173:
5164:
5163:
5159:
5119:
5115:
5106:
5104:
5095:
5094:
5090:
5083:
5062:
5061:
5057:
5043:
5042:
5038:
5028:
5026:
5012:
5011:
5007:
4993:
4992:
4988:
4950:
4949:
4942:
4933:
4932:
4928:
4918:
4916:
4907:
4906:
4902:
4896:Wayback Machine
4885:Wayback Machine
4874:Wayback Machine
4865:
4861:
4855:SportsLogos.net
4846:
4842:
4832:
4830:
4822:
4821:
4817:
4807:
4805:
4793:
4792:
4788:
4777:
4773:
4763:
4761:
4754:"Pitch perfect"
4752:
4751:
4747:
4722:
4720:
4711:
4710:
4706:
4696:
4694:
4692:The Denver Post
4685:
4684:
4680:
4671:
4669:
4663:
4662:
4658:
4622:
4621:
4617:
4610:
4589:
4588:
4581:
4571:
4569:
4559:
4558:
4554:
4541:
4540:
4536:
4526:
4499:
4463:Toronto Raptors
4418:Cincinnati Reds
4370:New Jersey Nets
4355:
4325:
4293:San Jose Sharks
4281:San Jose Sharks
4059:
4033:
4001:Houston Rockets
3988:Milwaukee Bucks
3897:Toronto Raptors
3892:Detroit Pistons
3847:Detroit Pistons
3750:New York Knicks
3735:Houston Rockets
3675:Detroit Pistons
3590:Milwaukee Bucks
3570:Detroit Pistons
3558:Detroit Pistons
3538:New York Knicks
3512:Milwaukee Bucks
3417:St. Louis Hawks
3402:St. Louis Hawks
3361:Detroit Pistons
3297:1955 NBA Finals
3261:New York Knicks
3249:
3223:
3077:Minnesota Twins
3009:
2983:
2889:
2863:
2818:
2806:2020 NFL season
2798:
2788:seasons of the
2774:
2739:Milwaukee Bucks
2727:
2646:
2641:
2618:away goals rule
2499:New York Giants
2493:' stadium, the
2403:Wembley Stadium
2399:
2376:1982 NBA Finals
2327:American League
2323:National League
2279:
2198:
2174:
2169:
2168:
2140:
2135:
2134:
2113:
2108:
2107:
2086:
2081:
2080:
2026:
2001:
1988:
1977:
1976:
1933:
1928:
1927:
1894:
1875:
1854:
1829:
1816:
1805:
1804:
1803:we can compute
1777:
1776:
1725:
1708:
1707:
1683:
1678:
1677:
1653:
1648:
1647:
1626:
1621:
1620:
1599:
1594:
1593:
1566:
1561:
1560:
1539:
1534:
1533:
1512:
1507:
1506:
1455:
1450:
1449:
1398:
1393:
1392:
1369:
1358:
1343:
1332:
1327:
1326:
1305:
1300:
1299:
1276:
1265:
1250:
1239:
1234:
1233:
1212:
1207:
1206:
1183:
1178:
1163:
1158:
1143:
1132:
1127:
1126:
1103:
1098:
1083:
1078:
1063:
1052:
1047:
1046:
1025:
1020:
1019:
998:
993:
992:
969:
964:
949:
944:
939:
938:
917:
912:
911:
888:
883:
868:
863:
858:
857:
836:
831:
830:
809:
804:
803:
775:
770:
769:
748:
743:
742:
721:
716:
715:
703:
674:2021β22 lockout
628:black-and-white
620:
499:Minnesota Twins
467:Hapoel Tel Aviv
402:. The national
222:
217:
209:away goals rule
105:
90:playoff formats
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5785:
5783:
5775:
5774:
5764:
5763:
5757:
5756:
5754:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5726:Kenneth Massey
5723:
5718:
5716:John Hollinger
5713:
5707:
5705:
5701:
5700:
5698:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5666:
5664:
5660:
5659:
5656:
5655:
5653:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5626:
5624:
5614:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5557:
5555:
5551:
5550:
5548:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5530:Home advantage
5526:
5524:
5520:
5519:
5514:
5512:
5511:
5504:
5497:
5489:
5483:
5482:
5461:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5437:
5436:
5422:
5393:
5362:
5336:
5312:
5298:
5270:
5239:
5207:
5183:
5157:
5155:
5154:
5147:Estadio Anoeta
5131:
5128:
5113:
5088:
5081:
5055:
5036:
5005:
4986:
4940:
4926:
4900:
4859:
4840:
4815:
4786:
4771:
4745:
4739:1958 World Cup
4735:Czechoslovakia
4731:Joaquin Botero
4704:
4678:
4656:
4615:
4608:
4579:
4552:
4533:
4532:
4525:
4522:
4521:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4498:
4495:
4492:
4491:
4488:
4486:Houston Astros
4483:
4478:
4475:
4469:
4468:
4465:
4460:
4458:Boston Celtics
4455:
4452:
4445:
4444:
4441:
4439:Houston Astros
4436:
4431:
4424:
4423:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4404:
4403:
4400:
4398:Tampa Bay Rays
4395:
4390:
4387:
4381:
4380:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4364:
4358:
4357:
4352:
4349:
4346:
4343:
4335:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4324:
4321:
4318:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4301:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4284:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4267:
4266:
4261:
4255:
4248:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4231:
4230:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4211:
4210:
4208:Buffalo Sabres
4205:
4200:
4194:
4193:
4188:
4182:
4176:
4175:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4156:
4155:
4150:
4144:
4138:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4121:
4120:
4115:
4109:
4103:
4102:
4097:
4091:
4084:
4083:
4080:
4075:
4069:
4062:
4061:
4056:
4053:
4050:
4042:
4041:
4032:
4029:
4026:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4009:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3991:
3990:
3985:
3979:
3978:
3973:
3971:Boston Celtics
3968:
3962:
3961:
3956:
3950:
3949:
3944:
3941:Boston Celtics
3938:
3932:
3931:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3912:
3911:
3906:
3904:Boston Celtics
3900:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3883:
3882:
3877:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3859:
3853:
3852:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3833:
3832:
3829:
3827:Indiana Pacers
3824:
3818:
3812:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3795:
3794:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3775:
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3772:Indiana Pacers
3769:
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3553:Boston Celtics
3550:
3544:
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3532:Boston Celtics
3529:
3523:
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3509:
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3497:
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3457:Boston Celtics
3454:
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3424:
3419:
3414:
3408:
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3376:Boston Celtics
3373:
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3340:Boston Celtics
3337:
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3210:Tampa Bay Rays
3207:
3205:Houston Astros
3202:
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3184:Houston Astros
3181:
3175:
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3152:Houston Astros
3149:
3144:
3138:
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3128:
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3099:Atlanta Braves
3096:
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3074:
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3027:Houston Astros
3024:
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2880:Crystal Palace
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2835:Calgary Flames
2817:
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2750:Denver Nuggets
2746:
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2718:Houston Astros
2702:
2695:Houston Astros
2691:
2682:, going 48β32
2676:
2665:
2658:Boston Red Sox
2645:
2642:
2640:
2639:By competition
2637:
2578:Calgary Flames
2467:Super Bowl LVI
2459:Tampa, Florida
2398:
2397:Neutral venues
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2347:Rugby union's
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785:
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768:), and worse (
755:
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728:
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663:stealing bases
619:
616:
592:home territory
553:basketball at
523:Boston Celtics
511:Miami Dolphins
221:
218:
216:
213:
139:An example is
104:
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43:home advantage
26:
24:
14:
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5253:MLSSoccer.com
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5102:Sporting News
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4393:Texas Rangers
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4315:Boston Bruins
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4023:Orlando Magic
4021:
4019:
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3947:Atlanta Hawks
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3842:Atlanta Hawks
3840:
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3825:
3822:
3821:Chicago Bulls
3819:
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3809:Orlando Magic
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3777:
3776:
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3768:
3767:Orlando Magic
3765:
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3755:Chicago Bulls
3753:
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3681:Chicago Bulls
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3597:Chicago Bulls
3595:
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3585:Atlanta Hawks
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3517:Atlanta Hawks
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3501:
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3478:Chicago Bulls
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2761:Chicago Bulls
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2582:Winnipeg Jets
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2517:Chicago Bears
2514:
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2503:Detroit Lions
2500:
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2447:Super Bowl LV
2444:
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2435:Allianz Arena
2432:
2431:Bayern Munich
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2315:All-Star Game
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338:
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310:sound effects
307:
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294:local derbies
291:
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5685:Legends Poll
5630:Chessmetrics
5535:Sabermetrics
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4348:Winning Team
4342:Year/ Series
4052:Winning Team
4049:Year/ Series
3242:Winning Team
3239:Year/ Series
3064:Chicago Cubs
3002:Winning Team
2999:Year/ Series
2864:
2851:Dallas Stars
2819:
2808:, played in
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2471:SoFi Stadium
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690:World Series
667:
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596:testosterone
584:
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567:Philadelphia
503:Target Field
487:
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318:cheerleaders
275:
263:Denver teams
227:
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5751:Peter Wolfe
5741:Nate Silver
5731:Ken Pomeroy
5291:October 31,
5029:23 February
4980:11025/42536
4351:Losing Team
4055:Losing Team
3245:Losing Team
3228:NBA playoff
3005:Losing Team
2776:Across the
2532:1992 strike
2505:' stadium,
2382:played the
2319:tie in 2002
710:advantages.
686:interleague
463:Rubin Kazan
360:aerobically
306:light shows
271:Mexico City
234:quarterback
175:(1978) and
124:(including
41:, the term
39:team sports
5746:Jeff Sonas
5721:Bill James
5355:January 7,
5350:The Ringer
5330:2020-11-25
5229:12 October
5201:2019-03-21
5107:2023-03-13
5052:: 724β732.
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4808:12 October
4741:in Sweden.
4672:2007-05-06
4572:August 12,
4524:References
3921:Miami Heat
3804:Miami Heat
2765:Miami Heat
2725:Basketball
2507:Ford Field
2453:played at
2443:Super Bowl
2405:hosts the
2342:NBA Finals
2288:mid-majors
1592:Values of
991:played at
910:played at
643:ice hockey
608:Paul Doyle
563:New Jersey
535:Larry Bird
415:qualifiers
392:field goal
278:supporters
254:free throw
250:basketball
242:snap count
134:ice hockey
130:basketball
118:Super Bowl
103:Advantages
83:boundaries
5650:Universal
5611:TrueSkill
5386:April 24,
5225:. UEFA. 9
4963:(3): 87.
4919:March 11,
4718:Bloomberg
4651:1026-597X
3875:Utah Jazz
3784:Utah Jazz
3713:Utah Jazz
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2601:Gibraltar
2546:, as the
2223:−
2182:^
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431:Argentina
412:World Cup
368:fly balls
314:fireworks
286:whistling
258:backboard
182:The Times
173:Argentina
153:World Cup
55:home team
5766:Category
5523:Concepts
5407:ESPN.com
4892:Archived
4881:Archived
4870:Archived
4851:Archived
4804:. London
4729:Striker
4497:See also
2763:and the
2716:and the
2644:Baseball
2325:and the
2295:playoffs
1926:, where
1775:, where
676:saw the
647:face-off
579:were not
447:Tel Aviv
406:team of
384:humidors
358:is less
356:baseball
345:referees
290:heckling
246:offsides
236:to call
171:(1974),
167:(1966),
163:(1934),
159:(1930),
126:baseball
97:baseball
71:ballpark
63:baseball
5670:AP poll
5442:Sources
5412:May 17,
5285:WJLA-TV
5176:June 2,
5143:Spanish
5124:, are:
5073:398β402
4914:MLB.com
4764:12 July
4737:at the
4723:14 June
4697:June 2,
4356:Format
4354:Length/
4060:Format
4058:Length/
3250:Format
3248:Length/
3230:series.
3010:Format
3008:Length/
2915:Series*
2865:In the
2820:In the
2772:Cricket
2754:at home
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2684:at home
2673:at home
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2629:MLS Cup
2534:by the
2256:La Liga
1205:. Team
659:bunting
551:women's
519:parquet
469:in the
435:cricket
408:Bolivia
372:pitcher
238:audible
169:Germany
165:England
157:Uruguay
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5704:People
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5623:family
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2816:Hockey
2784:, and
2609:Kosovo
2605:Serbia
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2538:, the
2425:, and
2407:FA Cup
2391:FA Cup
2378:, the
2369:tennis
2305:, and
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533:, the
490:Teflon
459:Russia
451:Israel
423:Brazil
419:La Paz
352:Denver
282:booing
215:Causes
177:France
132:, and
75:ground
5219:(PDF)
5137:club
4957:Risks
4668:. BBC
4529:Notes
2597:Spain
2465:play
2063:0.998
547:men's
455:Kazan
439:pitch
288:, or
161:Italy
79:walls
5591:Log5
5414:2019
5388:2019
5357:2021
5293:2019
5265:2011
5231:2016
5178:2024
5077:ISBN
5031:2021
4921:2022
4835:2021
4810:2016
4766:2015
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4699:2024
4647:ISSN
4604:ISBN
4574:2012
2845:and
2831:2012
2786:2011
2782:2010
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2748:The
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4366:NBA
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2981:MLB
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