Honour killing in Pakistan - Knowledge (XXG)

137:" ("When wealth is lost nothing is lost; when health is lost something is lost; when honour is lost everything is lost"). In Pakistan, honour is focused more on the perception of the community versus actual evidence. Honour is important for both women and men to uphold; women protect honour by modesty and men by masculinity. The cultural perspective behind honour is that if a woman does something that the community perceives as immodest then the men in her family must uphold their masculinity and regain the family honour by murdering the woman. If this action isn't completed the shame and dishonour can extend beyond the immediate family to the entire lineage, or even to the entire community. There are multiple other cultural characteristics that contribute to honour including a strong disdain for death. Due to this, the perpetrator of an honour killing is highly regarded in the community because of their courage and because what they had to endure through with murdering another was worse than death itself. In Pakistan, a distressing number of women face the tragic fate of losing their lives each year. Sadly, many of these women are victimized by their own family members due to their defiance of familial expectations regarding love and marriage. Tragically, this wave of violence has been exacerbated by a growing trend towards conservatism. Recent reports from the local Aurat Foundation reveal a deeply disheartening 70 percent surge in honour killings over the past year. 307:

Saba survived the violent attack, escaped the sack, swam to shore, and was able to get help at a local gas station. While still in recovery, Saba was pressured by community leaders to forgive her father and uncle. During that time, the "forgiveness law" was still in place, allowing murderers of victims to be released if the family chose to forgive them. With the help of a pro bono human rights lawyer, Saba fought the case in court, but finally chose to exclaim forgiveness in court due to the pressure she was receiving. Due to her forgiveness in court, Saba's attackers were released from jail. Both her uncle and father were later imprisoned again in April 2016, and were set to be released March 2017, leaving Saba worrying for her life.

435:. However, doubts of its effectiveness remained. The bill created a punishment of imprisonment for life and a fine if a woman is abducted or induced to marry a person without her personal consent and will. The bill also expanded the definition of rape to include sexual intercourse without a woman's consent, against her will, a punishment for the false accusation of fornication, and expanding zina to be prosecutable only if accused by four male eye-witnesses and registered in court (discretionary punishment for zina removed). Even with these added protections against crimes that commonly lead to honour killing, honour killing itself was not addressed in this bill. Doubts of the effectiveness of this bill have remained. 334:, flew to visit her family in Pakistan under false pretenses; she was told she needed to come immediately because her father was dying. On July 20, 2016 (only six days after arriving in Pakistan), she was found dead - raped and strangled - in Punjab, Pakistan, at the home of Mohammed Shakeel, her former husband. Years earlier, Samia had been forced to marry her cousin, Mohammed Shakeel, in an arranged marriage. In 2014, Samia married Syed Mukhtar Kazam and started a new life with him in Dubai. Before flying to Pakistan in 2016, Samia expressed she was worried about the nature of the visit, about seeing her former husband, and about whether or not she would come home alive. In a BBC documentary about her death, 338:, BBC shares that Shakeel murdered Samia after she refused to remarry him. Police reports say that Shakeel raped and murdered Samia after she refused to reveal the location of her passport. Additionally, the BBC documentary reports that Samia was able to briefly escape the attack by Shakeel and run into his hallway but then she was then confronted by her father who nodded his approval to Shakeel before Shakeel strangled Samia. Samia's family claimed she died by heart attack but the autopsy reports showed that she was raped and strangled. Her father was released from police custody due to lack of evidence and later died without being charged. Her cousin and former husband, Shakeel, is still in police custody. 385:, or tribal council, decides affairs and its executive decisions take primacy over state legislation. A jirga arbitrates based on tribal consensus and tribal values among clients. Tribal notions of justice often include violence on client's behalf. For example, in December 2017, a local jirga in Karachi, Pakistan, condemned Ghani Reham and Bakhtaja to death by electrocution. The teenage couple, 18-years-old and 15-years-old, had eloped. The murdering was sanctioned by the jirga and then carried out by the couple's fathers and uncles. 77:, the segregation of sexes. Honour killings are frequently more complex than the stated excuses of the perpetrators. More often than not, the murder relates to inheritance problems, feud-settling, or to get rid of the wife, for instance in order to remarry. Human rights agencies in Pakistan have repeatedly emphasized that victims were often women wanting to marry of their own will. In such cases, the victims held properties that the male members of their families did not wish to lose if the woman chose to marry outside the family. 443:

commits to allow a person to receive protection if in danger or treated unfairly, create a safe-house and rescue and recovery system, protect individuals through protection orders, order property and monetary recompense to the victim, and established the power to enter homes to respond to a potential threat and safely remove the victim to a safe location, if requested by the victim. In addition, this act requires that a District Women Protection Committee be created to advocate for victims and ensure these laws are being followed.

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solution included the Gender Responsive Policing Project, which began in 2009. This project focused on improving police procedures in response to gender-based crimes, as well as to create more opportunities for women within the police department. Another one of the Gender Crime Cell's projects has been the Women Police Network (WPN), with the goal of connecting police organizations across the country in order to improve fact and practice sharing with the goal of improving women's situations.

246:, which was widely reported after her father, 57-year-old Gul Sher Solangi, publicized the case. He alleged his eight months' pregnant daughter was tortured and murdered on 7 March 2008, by members of her village claiming that she had brought dishonour to the tribe. Solangi's father claimed that it was orchestrated by her father-in-law, who accused her of carrying a child conceived out of wedlock, potentially with the added motive of trying to take over the family farm. 389:

person that has been abducted. This was the case for Shaukat Ali. She had run away with her love and married him secretly, knowingly her family still filed for abduction on the behalf of her love. When presented in front of court she stated that that she had married the boy in free will, which in turn the court had dismissed her case of abduction. Yes authorities do contribute to the failure of preventing these killings but with the right person, they can be prevented.

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to make the community feel as if honour killing is bringing shame upon them and is therefore dishonourable (removes their honour). If enough people outside and inside the country view honour killing as dishonourable, then the cultural practice will change, and families will need to stop performing honour killings to remain honourable. Changing perspectives will take time, but will eradicate the practice almost permanently.

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perpetrator and is accused of the criminal act. Human rights advocates are in wide agreement that the reported cases do not reflect the full extent of the issue, as honour killings have a high level of support in Pakistan's rural society, and thus often go unreported. Frequently, women & men murdered in honour killings are recorded as having committed suicide or died in accidents.

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their family was opposed to but that Zainab's mother and brother gave permission for. The main assailant in the honour killing and attempted honour killing is Zainab's nephew. The nephew was apprehended at a private hospital following the attack where he claimed his injuries from fighting Zainab were instead from being robbed. The nephew's friend is also a suspect in the case.

645:(2015), as her way to inform the world about honour killings in Pakistan and to motivate people to join the fight against the practice. Her documentary won an Academy Award in 2016 for Best Documentary Short Subject. As of April 2018, this documentary has had over 384K views on YouTube and is bringing the issue of honour killing to an international audience. 571:

convict him. Safia was unable to do this because of her blindness and therefore was punished for sexual misconduct and subject to 30 lashes (a relatively lenient punishment). The case attracted international attention and collective international shaming. Due to the pressure from the international community, the court decision was reversed.

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This bill focuses primarily on honour killing and its legal punishment. In addition to closing the loophole mentioned above, the act established a punishment of 14 years imprisonment to life in prison for crimes committed "on the pretext of honour". Even with the major improvements by this act, honour killing has continued in Pakistan.

378:, and economic decline. In the wake of civil crisis, people turn to other alternative models, such as traditional tribal customs. In 2016, Pakistan repealed the loophole which allowed the perpetrators of honour killings to avoid punishment by seeking forgiveness for the crime from another family member, and thus be legally pardoned. 409:, declaring that "according to the teachings of Islam, provocation, no matter how grave and sudden it is, does not lessen the intensity of crime of murder". Lenient sentences, however, are still handed down by certain judges, who continue to justify it by citing the British law's "grave and sudden provocation". 632:

established the Gender Crime Cell in order to gather data about crimes committed against women in Pakistan, an area that was previously missing significant portions of data. The goal was to use this data to make more appropriate policy decisions to protect women and punish offenders. One part of this

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Appiah suggests that the practice of collective shaming be more strongly applied to change not only laws, but also to change the local cultural perspective of honour killing. Honour is obviously a major characteristic of Pakistani culture, and Appiah suggests that outsiders and insiders work together

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Even though primacy is taken over state legislation, if presented in court a runaway bride will have her marriage be condemned as legal. In the Muslim Family Law Ordinance 1961, they are concerned with the procedural part of the marriage. In some cases, families will file a runaway bride as a missing

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was released about Saba Qaiser, a woman from Punjab, Pakistan, who married a man against her family's wishes because his family was of "lowly status". In response to her elopement, her father and uncle beat her, shot her in the head, put her body in a sack, and threw the sack into a river. Amazingly,

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Originally, karo and kari were metaphoric terms for adulterer and adulteress, but it has come to be used with regards to multiple forms of perceived immoral behavior. Once a woman is labeled as a kari, family members consider themselves to be authorized to kill her and the co-accused karo in order to

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It is likely that honour killing has been a practice in Pakistan for many years, and, despite recent legal reforms, it remains a common practice in Pakistan today. Both international and Pakistani activists and activist groups are pushing for an end to the practice, although some say that change will

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The Criminal Law (Amendment) (Offences in the name or pretext of Honour) Act of 2016 repealed the loophole which allowed the perpetrators of honour killings to avoid punishment by seeking forgiveness for the crime from another family member, and thus be legally pardoned and receive light punishment.

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are Pakistani lawyers reinvigorating civil society to become critical of the Pakistani state's failure to ensure fair rights and benefits to its female citizenry. Jahangir and Jilani founded Pakistan's first legal aid center in 1986 and a women's shelter called Dastak in 1991 for women fleeing from

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In 2020 June a woman was allegedly stoned to death in Jamshoro district of Sindh province allegedly in tradition of karo-kari. Other similar six instances were reported beginning of July 2020 from Sukkur, Jacobabad, Naushahro Feroze and Dad Leghari regions of Sindh. From January 2019 to June 2019

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The Punjab Protection of Women against Violence Act of 2016 was passed to amend Pakistani law to further protect women. The goal of this act is "to establish an effective system of protection, relief and rehabilitation of women against violence". Through this act, the Provincial Assembly of Punjab

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of honour killings. The very nature of honour killings reflects deeply entrenched notions of "honour" and "morality", in which the perpetrator is upholding justice and order when the victim commits deplorable social acts. The perpetrator becomes the champion of justice while the victim becomes the

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In 2015 nearly 1,100 women were murdered in honour killings. In 2011, human rights groups reported 720 honour killings in Pakistan (605 women and 115 men), while Pakistan's Human Rights Commission reported that in 2010 there were 791 honour killings in the country, and Amnesty International cited

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to show the effective collective shaming can have. Safia Bibi was a blind maid who, at the age of thirteen, was raped by her employer's son. The rape was brought to public attention when she became pregnant. The law at the time said that she needed to visually identify the perpetrator in order to

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Women Living Under Muslim Laws serves as a public source for information by helping provide public appeals and statements on human rights issues towards women, including honour killing. The organization acknowledges that Islam is not practiced the same everywhere, and that many times politics and

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The law on honour killings has been reformed several times throughout the years. Notable legislation reforms to protect women in Pakistan from violence include The Protection of Women (Criminal Laws Amendment) Act of 2006, Criminal Law (Third Amendment) Act of 2011, The Punjab Protection of Women

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In February 2018, a man and five accomplices opened fire on a couple in Karachi, Pakistan, killing the husband, Rozi Khan, and injuring the wife, Zainab. Zainab put up a fight and was further attacked with sticks and a knife, but still survived. The couple had entered into a marriage that most of

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for eloping and marrying the man she loved, Muhammad Iqbal. Police investigator Mujahid quoted the father as saying: "I killed my daughter as she had insulted all of our family by marrying a man without our consent, and I have no regret over it." Muhammad Iqbal stated that it had been a prolonged

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Collective shaming, also known as international shaming and state shaming, is a strategy used by international entities (such as INGOs or other countries) to pressure governments to act in a certain way. Collective shaming has been a tool used by the international community to facilitate change,

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Honour killing is an act of murder, in which a person is murdered for his or her perceived immoral behaviour. Such "immoral behaviour" may take the form of alleged marital infidelity, refusal to submit to an arranged marriage, demanding a divorce, perceived flirtatious behaviour and being raped.

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An Amnesty International report noted "the failure of the authorities to prevent these killings by investigating and punishing the perpetrators". Honour killings are supposed to be prosecuted as ordinary murder, but in practice, police and prosecutors often ignore it. The Pakistani government's

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lists 460 cases of reported honour killings in 2017, with 194 males and 376 females as victims. Of these murders, 253 were sparked by disapproval of illicit relations and 73 by disapproval of marriage choice. Additionally, out of the known suspect relationship with victims, over 93% were family

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Also, in February 2018, a 19-year-old woman was murdered in Karachi, Pakistan, by her brother for having an affair with one of her relatives. Her father and two landlords have also been arrested in addition to her brother, and all have confessed their involvement. Prior to her killing, a local

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in April 1999. As Sarwar sought assistance for a divorce from her first cousin, her family arranged her murder after the shame felt in her attempt to marry a man of her choice. The police did not make any arrests or pursue prosecution as Sarwar's family is highly well known in elite, political

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Humanity Healing International and Hope Development Organization are working together to create a trained network of Pakistani women to advocate against honour killing. The groups have a plan to train 500 women in 10 different targeted areas on how to become advocates, including holding press

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advocates, the concepts of women as property and honour are so deeply entrenched in the social, political and economic fabric of Pakistan that the government, for the most part, ignores the daily occurrences of women being killed and maimed by their families. The fact that much of Pakistan's

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The Pakistani Women's Human Rights Organization, a local NGO, helps provide a voice for victims by sharing their stories, working with international human rights organizations to fight international human rights violations, and changing laws to improve the situation for women with Pakistan.

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960 incidents of women who were murdered in honour killings that year. Over 4,000 honour killing cases were reported in Pakistan between 1998 and 2004. Of the victims, around 2,700 were women vs about 1,300 men; 3,451 cases came before the courts. During this time, the highest rates were in

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Although the Punjab Protection of Women against Violence Act in 2016 is a step forward in providing services and protection for women, Siddiqi believes that even further action needs to be taken to protect women. According to Siddiqi, even though this act closes some of the legal loopholes

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Human rights activists in Pakistan have been on the forefront of change and reform to end the practice of honour killings. Emphasizing universal human rights, democracy, and global feminism, Pakistani activists seek legal reform to criminalise the practice and protect victims from abuse.

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are semi-autonomous and governed by often fundamentalist leaders makes federal enforcement difficult when attempted. In cases of murder, the victim's family is allowed to pardon the perpetrators, or reach a monetary settlement. The culprits are then free from prosecution and sentencing.

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Pakistan is a collective, patriarchal society, and therefore social boundaries and community regard are based on honour; in this situation, honour is based on the behaviour of kin or members of a certain group. A Pakistani folk saying describes well the cultural importance of honour:

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organizations were, however, skeptical of the law's impact, as it stopped short of outlawing the practice of allowing murderers to buy their freedom by paying compensation to the victim's relatives, which was problematic because most honour killings are committed by close relatives.

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cleric, and her brothers had asked her to stop. The state was named as complainant in Qandeel's murder case, making it impossible for her family to pardon her killers. Qandeel's brother Waseem was arrested on the charges of murder. He confessed to murdering his sister, saying "she

268:. The five victims – three teens, and two middle-aged women – were kidnapped, beaten, shot, and then buried alive because they refused the tribal leader's marriage arrangements and wanted to marry men of their own choosing. Local politicians may have been involved in the murders. 430:

In March 2005, the Pakistani parliament rejected a bill which sought to strengthen the law against the practice of honour killing declaring it to be un-Islamic. The bill was eventually passed in 2006 as the Protection of Women (Criminal Laws Amendment) Act of 2006, also known as

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IKWRO helps provide local resources for women and girls who are fleeing from dangerous situations, including honour killing. The group provides advocacy, training, and counseling to these women and girls and strives to work with the police and others to improve their safety.

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relationships. Although these are most likely only a sample of the actual honour killings that were completed during 2017, it still gives a glimpse into characteristics of honour killings in Pakistan. Sources disagree as to the exact number by year, but according to

38:). According to the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, over 470 cases of honour killings were reported in Pakistan in 2021. But human rights defenders estimate that around 1,000 women are murdered in the name of honour every year. An honour killing is the 66:

cultures like India and Pakistan, women's lives are structured through a strict maintenance of an honour code. In order to preserve woman's chastity, women must abide by socially restrictive cultural practices pertaining to women's status and family

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The Criminal Law (Third Amendment) Act of 2011 created a punishment for giving or compelling a woman to marry for any reason including the purpose of preventing criminal liability (for example, in the case of rape) or settling a civil dispute.

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Data and its absence are difficult to interpret. One reason is the reluctance to report honour killings to official bodies. Another reason is that honour killings are occurring in cultural and social contexts which do not recognize the

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On 8 December 2004, under international and domestic pressure, Pakistan enacted a law that increased punishment for honour killings to prison term of seven years, or by the death penalty in the most extreme cases. Women and

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indicate tensions in international activism for women's rights. But cultural relativism can be partially resolved when local activists make clear that cultural customs are harmful to women and in violation of

299:. Muhammad Iqbal strangled his first wife so that he would be free to marry Farzana, and police said he had been released after that murder when a "compromise" was reached with his first wife's family. 3104: 621:

In June 2016, the Council of Islamic Ideology, a body of Muslim clerics which advises the government on compliance of laws with the Shariah, has "decreed that honour killings are un-Islamic".

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A 1999 Amnesty International report drew specific attention to "the failure of the authorities to prevent these killings by investigating and punishing the perpetrators". According to

401:. Pakistan's legal code is based on the 1860 code imported by Britain, which granted a lenient sentence to a man who murdered his wife for "grave and sudden provocation". Pakistan's 2182: 550:

conferences and public rallies. The goal is to specifically target policy makers and members of the Pakistan National Assembly Standing Committee in order to effectuate change.

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standard. Cultural and religious customs are constantly evolving and it is necessary to partner with regional activists in Pakistan to be at the forefront for demanding change.

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Representation of Honour Killing in the Newspapers of Pakistan: A Content Analysis ~ Dr. Rana Saba Sultan, Dr. Ambreen Fazal & Naseeb Butt; Kalachi Research Journal 2022

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was bringing disrepute to our family's honour and I could not tolerate it any further. I killed her around 11:30 p.m. on Friday night when everyone else had gone to bed."

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area, was shot to death apparently by her two brothers who "viewed her divorce, remarriage and artistic career as damaging to family honour". No one was prosecuted.

1731: 736:(2016 film, co-produced by three European countries and Pakistan, about an honour killing of a Belgian woman of Pakistani heritage, based on the Sadia Sheikh case) 4288: 641: 303: 255: 520:

globally have been criticized for upholding a Western-centric agenda when engaging in honour-killing activism. Long-standing discourses on the universality of

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in the province of Punjab. She had reportedly raised controversy by posting controversial pictures of herself on social media, including one alongside a

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restore family honour. In the majority of cases, the victim of the attacks is female with her attackers being male members of her family or community.

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tells the story of Samia Shahid, a British woman who was lured back to Pakistan and then raped and murdered by her former husband and her father.

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surrounding honour killing and domestic violence, this act will not work unless the public is committed to condemning and ending the violence.

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engagement, and Farzana's father had become enraged only after Iqbal refused a demand for more money than the originally agreed amount of the

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Suspicion and accusations alone are many times enough to defile a family's honour and therefore enough to warrant the killing of the woman.

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Recent international documentaries have also helped raise international awareness about honour killing in Pakistan. For example, BBC's

494:, as a human rights treaty, notably targets culture and tradition as contributing factors to gender-based discrimination. In 1993, the 4206: 3566: 3243: 1783: 815: 2729: 1527: 1298: 966: 1470: 1159: 463:, fundamentally ensured to every human, regardless of nationality, race, gender, or ethnic group. Through the ongoing work of the 4201: 3723: 2209: 2037: 3764: 3696: 3655: 3650: 3635: 495: 3225: 1069: 250: 4191: 3630: 3318: 3283: 825: 795: 345:

for murdering her daughter by burning her alive, for ‘bringing shame to the family’ by marrying against her family's wishes.

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upon the family or community. The death of the victim is viewed as a way to restore the reputation and honour of the family.

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against Violence Act of 2016, and The Criminal Law (Amendment) (Offences in the name or pretext of Honour) Act of 2016.

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Daulat khonay pur kuch naheen khota, sihat khonay pur kuch kho jaata hai, ghairat khonay pur sub kuch kho jaata hai

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Khan, Ayesha (November 1999). "Mobility of women and access to health and family planning services in Pakistan".

695: 1178: 895: 4148: 4106: 3992: 3920: 3790: 3602: 3556: 3469: 3359: 3333: 3313: 1540: 780: 689: 3220: 3060: 4094: 4064: 4058: 4004: 3938: 3908: 3795: 3551: 2879: 2664: 291: 3014: 2846: 154:, NGOs/INGOs in the area estimate that around 1,000 honour killings are carried out each year in Pakistan. 4220: 4172: 4166: 4142: 4112: 4040: 4016: 4010: 3932: 3851: 3827: 3759: 3686: 3423: 3349: 2042: 1240:"Pakistan again faces questions over 'honour' killings as brother acquitted of social media star's murder" 725: 707: 701: 629: 510: 371: 370:

failure to take effective measures to end the practice of honour killings is indicative of a weakening of

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defending the killings, stating, "these are centuries-old traditions and I will continue to defend them".

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including legal change, in Pakistan in regard to honour killing in the past. Appiah uses the example of

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Gallagher, Nancy (Fall 2005). "Amnesty International and the idea of Muslim women's human rights".

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of a member of a family or social group by other members, due to the belief the victim has brought

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Goldstein, Matthew (2002). "The Biological Roots of Heat-of-Passion Crimes and Honor Killings".

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Other notable Pakistani activists working on reporting and deterring honour killings include

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https://apnews.com/0ddcb44fe2b9416381e44ad35c07314b/i-had-inside-mind-honor-killer-pakistan

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A widely reported case was that of Tasleem Khatoon Solangi, 17, of Hajna Shah village in

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Grassroots Islamic solution to achieving and advancing honour killing reform in Pakistan

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http://www.af.org.pk/Important%20Courts%27%20judgement/Important%20legislation/Protec

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Yasmeen Hassan, "The Haven Becomes Hell: A Study of Domestic Violence in Pakistan",

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http://www.lawsofpakistan.com/punjab-women-protection-bill-2016-free-pdf-download

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Leniency against honour killings traces it roots in Pakistani penal code to the

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Shah, Bina (2016-10-27). "Opinion: Pakistan's Honor-Killing Law Isn't Enough".

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As in other countries, the exact number of honour killings is not known. The

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not truly happen unless the general public chooses to condemn the practice.

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In one of the most publicized honour killing cases committed in Pakistan,

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occurred in Balochistan. Five women were murdered by tribesmen of the

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A Girl in the River: The Price of Forgiveness (HBO Documentary Films)

2453:"Islam is not the Cause of Honor Killings. It's Part of the Solution" 2370: 1906:"A Girl in the River: The Price of Forgiveness - A Girl in the River" 406: 319: 315: 272:

commented that the Pakistani government had been very slow to react.

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Amnesty International reported that on 27 April 2009, Ayman Udas, a

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tion%20of%20Women%20_Criminal%20Laws%20Amendment_%20Act,%202006.pdf

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Honour killings of people of Pakistani heritage outside of Pakistan

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province. A significant number of cases have also been reported in

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is commonly used as a synonym to honour killing, especially in the

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Sharmeed Obaid-Chinoy: 'A Girl in the River', retrieved 2018-04-02

2915:"Advocacy Against Honor Killings - Humanity Healing International" 2637: 2346:(April 1981). "The structure of violence among the Swat Pukhtun". 1939:"Opinion | Her Father Shot Her in the Head, as an 'Honor Killing'" 1709:"Girl Forced to Marry at Nine Murdered After She Sought Annulment" 1522:

By Sara Hossain, and Lynn Welchman, Zed Books (10 November 2005),

491: 483: 479: 382: 354: 163: 117: 2887: 2668: 1664:"Five women beaten and buried alive in Pakistan 'honour killing'" 1415:"Pakistan honour killings on the rise, report reveals - BBC News" 486:, Pakistan promises to abolish discriminatory laws and establish 3011: 2854: 2147:"Nephew allegedly kills uncle, injures aunt in 'honour killing'" 2103:"Pakistani mother sentenced to death for burning daughter alive" 1589:, 1995 August, 72 p. (Special Bulletin), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg 3847: 3239: 3097:"In Pakistan, gruesome 'honor' killings bring a new backlash" 2618:"A Bill". National Assembly of Pakistan. n.d. Retrieved from 1440:"Honour killings, domestic disputes claim 720 lives in Sindh" 98:

Both Appiah and Jafri explain the historical significance of

3221:

Shame (A 2005 documentary about Honour Killings in Pakistan)

3125:"WHO ARE WE – Pakistani Women's Human Rights Organization". 909: 639:, a Canadian-Pakistani journalist, created the documentary, 314:

was strangled by her brother in an act of honour killing in

1689:"Three teenagers buried alive in Pakistan 'honour killing'" 361:

the official figure of karo-kari murders was at 78 cases.

3149:"Gender Crime Cell Introduction | National Police Bureau" 2620:

http://www.na.gov.pk/uploads/documents/1475762285_283.pdf

2575:

http://www.na.gov.pk/uploads/documents/1475762285_283.pdf

2880:"About WLUML | Women Reclaiming and Redefining Cultures" 2210:"Post-mortem hints girl was stoned to death in Jamshoro" 1154: 1152: 500:

Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women

3031: 2587:"Punjab Women Protection Bill 2016 - Free PDF Download" 2480:'Honour': Crimes, Paradigms, and Violence Against Women 1452:"Pakistan: 675 women killed in honour killings in 2011" 1024:"'Honor' Killings Continue in Pakistan Despite New Law" 310:

In July 2016, popular Pakistani social media celebrity

2092:. Sasha Achili. BBC TWO, 2018. Short film/documentary. 1814:"Pakistan woman stoned by family outside Lahore court" 490:

and public institutions to effectively protect women.

2286:"Pakistan's honour killings enjoy high-level support" 1784:"Pakistani woman stoned to death in 'honour killing'" 1520:

Honour, Crimes, Paradigms, and Violence Against Women

2801: 2799: 2797: 2038:"State becomes complainant in Qandeel's murder case" 1843:"Pregnant Pakistani woman stoned to death by family" 1732:"Pregnant Pakistani woman stoned to death by family" 959:

Honour killing : dilemma, ritual, understanding

405:

reformed this law in 1990 to bring it closer to the

381:

In some rural parts of Pakistan, the male-dominated

4182: 3889: 3773: 3750: 3722: 3664: 3601: 3585: 3500: 3457: 3406: 3383: 3342: 3274: 990: 988: 986: 546:cultures use religion as an excuse to abuse women. 4328:The Sensational Life & Death of Qandeel Baloch 1624:. Th National Newspaper, Abu Dhabi. Archived from 1565:Pakistan's honor killings enjoy high-level support 1291:The honor code : how moral revolutions happen 2720:"Pakistan's Senate Approve Women Protection Bill" 224:circles. The 2000 award-winning BBC documentary, 128:Cultural pressures for honour killing in Pakistan 2667:. Women Living Under Muslim Laws. Archived from 2292:. The Liberty Times Group. Reuters. 24 July 2004 1400:"World Report 2017: Rights Trends in Pakistan". 896:"'Honor Killings' Continue Unabated in Pakistan" 290:was stoned to death by her family in front of a 1622:"Pakistan to investigate 'honour killing' case" 1573:. (24 September 2011). 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Greenhaven Publishing LLC. p. 74. 2369: 2002:"Social media star 'honour killing' case" 1657: 1655: 1653: 1581: 1579: 1541:"Pakistan Tries to Curb 'Honor Killings'" 516:However, international organizations and 2753:"The Reality of 'Women Protection Bill'" 791:Coerced religious conversion in Pakistan 251:14 July 2008 honour killings in Baba Kot 228:, covers Samia's murdering in Pakistan. 1293:(1st ed.). New York: W.W. Norton. 1162:. Amnesty International. Archived from 914:Honour Based Violence Awareness Network 836: 341:In January 2017 a Pakistani mother was 16:Overview of honour killings in Pakistan 3593:Caste system among South Asian Muslims 3143: 3141: 3139: 3137: 3135: 2909: 2907: 2905: 2874: 2872: 2841: 2839: 2809:Journal of Middle East Women's Studies 2784: 2782: 2780: 2778: 2614: 2612: 2610: 2608: 2565: 2563: 2549: 2547: 2545: 2543: 2541: 2477:Welchman, Lynn; Hossain, Sara (2013). 2427:"Section 352 in The Indian Penal Code" 2402:"Tehqeeqat - Research Indexing System" 2177: 2175: 2173: 2171: 2169: 2167: 1764:. London: theguardian.com. 29 May 2014 1284: 1282: 1280: 282:On 27 May 2014 a pregnant woman named 2457:Yaqeen Institute for Islamic Research 2140: 2138: 2136: 2134: 2132: 2130: 2085: 2083: 2081: 2079: 1971: 1969: 1967: 1933: 1931: 1900: 1898: 1896: 1894: 1892: 1890: 1371: 1369: 1367: 1278: 1276: 1274: 1272: 1270: 1268: 1266: 1264: 1262: 1260: 952: 950: 478:In March 1996, Pakistan ratified the 94:Terminology related to honour killing 71:, or honour, such as the practice of 7: 4101:Gelareh Bagherzadeh and Coty Beavers 2750:Justice (Retd) Muhammad Taqi Usmani 2008:. BBC, United Kingdom. 16 July 2016. 1048: 1046: 1044: 948: 946: 944: 942: 940: 938: 936: 934: 932: 930: 2987:"Opposition presses karo-kari bill" 2665:"Pakistan: No compromise on murder" 2451:Brown, Jonathan (25 October 2016). 1792:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 1734:. In.news.yahoo.com. Archived from 1404:. 2017-01-12. Retrieved 2018-04-02. 961:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 592:Human Rights Commission of Pakistan 357:declared she was a "sinful woman". 147:Human Rights Commission of Pakistan 107: 33: 4207:Honor killing in the United States 3567:Violence against women in Pakistan 3057:"Pakistan: Honour killing in Rise" 1662:Waraich, Omar (2 September 2008). 1600:"Licence To Kill; BBC Documentary" 1539:Masood, Salman (27 October 2004). 1022:Ijaz, Saroop (25 September 2017). 816:Violence against women in Pakistan 211:was murdered by her family in the 14: 2691:"Pakistan rejects pro-women bill" 2663:Sarwar, Beena (17 October 2004). 2483:. Zed Books Ltd. pp. 84–97. 1640:"Pakistan rejects pro-women bill" 1177:Hassan, Yasmeen (25 March 1999). 1131:"Pakistan rejects pro-women bill" 4202:Honor-related violence in Sweden 3195:0362-4331. Retrieved 2018-04-02. 2145:Ali, Imtiaz (14 February 2018). 1238:Bhanbhro, Sadiq (3 March 2022). 870:"Stop Karo-Kari (Honor Killing)" 669: 655: 4364:Human rights abuses in Pakistan 2630:Shahid Qazi and Carol Grisanti 2090:Murdered for Love? Samia Shahid 1205:Gardi, Balazs (22 March 2007). 561:Proposed international activism 555:Murdered for Love? Samia Shahid 496:United Nations General Assembly 336:Murdered for Love? Samia Shahid 330:In July 2016, a British woman, 4192:List of honor killings in Iran 3884:chronological, incomplete list 3319:Pakistan Remittance Initiative 2919:Humanity Healing International 1496:Felix, Qaiser (22 July 2004). 1207:"The Truth About Talibanistan" 997:Politics and the Life Sciences 826:Women related laws in Pakistan 796:List of honor killings in Iran 1: 3786:Domestic violence in Pakistan 3095:Gannon, Kathy (4 July 2016). 3083:There is no honour in killing 2632:Shahid Qazi; Carol Grisanti. 2573:. 2011-12-28. Retrieved from 2261:"Six killed over 'Karo-Kari'" 1326:(Thesis). Regent University. 1322:McKensie, Noeisha O. (2016). 1179:"The Fate of Pakistani Women" 1117:10.1016/S0968-8080(99)90005-8 1053:Siddiqi, Muhammad Khursheed. 759:Domestic violence in Pakistan 537:International activist groups 393:Roots in British Colonial Law 1711:. FOX News. 6 September 2008 1377:"HRCP Archive | Search News" 168:North-West Frontier Province 3742:Water supply and sanitation 3680:List of terrorist incidents 3535:Balochistan honour killings 2591:Pakistan "The Land of Pure" 1587:The Fate of Pakistani Women 1104:Reproductive Health Matters 433:The Women's Protection Bill 22:Honour killings in Pakistan 4380: 4359:Honour killing in Pakistan 4197:Honour killing in Pakistan 3577:Women's rights in Pakistan 3398:School corporal punishment 2321:. BBC News. 6 October 2016 531:international human rights 4241:In the Name of the Family 3882: 3732:Effects of global warming 3611:Insurgency in Balochistan 3266:Socio-economic issues in 2511:Idzikowski, Lisa (2017). 2234:News Desk (7 July 2020). 1289:Anthony., Appiah (2010). 1068:: 100–118. Archived from 4107:Kohistan honour killings 3921:Nurkhon Yuldashkhojayeva 3641:Religious discrimination 874:www.InterfaithShaadi.org 781:Human rights in Pakistan 3909:Ernesto Balmaceda Bello 3903:Beauchamp–Sharp Tragedy 3129:. Retrieved 2018-04-02. 2957:10.1111/1467-9248.12101 2822:10.2979/mew.2005.1.3.96 2571:The Gazette of Pakistan 1602:. BBC. 4 September 2000 957:Jafri, Amir H. (2008). 910:"Statistics & Data" 3636:Secessionist movements 3424:Sex-selective abortion 3208:, retrieved 2018-04-02 3204:HBODocs (2016-02-21), 1788:Australia Network News 849:Hamariweb.com Articles 630:National Police Bureau 511:universal human rights 467:, the universality of 455:International activism 372:political institutions 4305:Murdered by My Father 4119:Farzana Parveen Iqbal 4071:Shafia family murders 1421:. Bbc.com. April 2016 771:Feudalism in Pakistan 754:Blue Veins (Pakistan) 637:Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy 612:Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy 507:Amnesty International 403:Federal Shariat Court 189:Complications in data 24:are known locally as 4213:Guarding the Secrets 4053:Amina and Sarah Said 3981:Anooshe Sediq Ghulam 3963:Jaswinder Kaur Sidhu 3915:Tursunoy Saidazimova 3724:Environmental issues 3449:Polygamy in Pakistan 3101:Washington Post / AP 2644:on 22 September 2008 2240:Global Village Space 1628:on 27 December 2008. 801:Mera Jism Meri Marzi 399:British Colonial law 292:Pakistani High Court 203:Specific occurrences 120:region of Pakistan. 4265:Banaz: A Love Story 4155:Ali Fazeli Monfared 3818:Alcohol prohibition 3765:Internet censorship 3697:Illegal immigration 3656:Decline of Hinduism 3651:Freedom of religion 3324:Reverse brain drain 3173:asianculturevulture 2763:on 27 December 2008 2757:www.livingislam.org 2732:on 30 December 2008 1945:. 30 January 2016. 1738:on 15 February 2015 1697:. 9 September 2008. 1352:. 13 September 2017 1166:on 23 January 2015. 526:cultural relativism 3631:Sectarian violence 3492:Child prostitution 3284:Standard of living 3189:The New York Times 3127:pakistaniwomen.org 3081:Uddalak Mukherjee 3017:2016-03-03 at the 2265:www.thenews.com.pk 2214:www.thenews.com.pk 2188:The Times of India 1943:The New York Times 1876:, Asad Jamal, Saba 1822:. BBC. 28 May 2014 1545:The New York Times 1454:20 December 2011. 1402:Human Rights Watch 1184:The New York Times 1028:Human Rights Watch 786:Sexuality in Islam 579:Pakistani activism 343:sentenced to death 162:, followed by the 152:Human Rights Watch 4346: 4345: 4065:Shailendra Prasad 4029:Du'a Khalil Aswad 3897:Isabella di Morra 3841: 3840: 3737:Natural disasters 3692:Human trafficking 2945:Political Studies 2524:978-1-5345-0133-1 2490:978-1-84813-698-4 2344:Lindholm, Charles 2115:. 17 January 2017 1916:on 7 January 2018 1850:| World news 1477:on 6 October 2014 1450:Mariya Karimjee, 608:Ayaz Latif Palijo 590:, chairperson of 473:international law 459:Human rights are 277:Israr Ullah Zehri 270:Syed Iqbal Haider 244:Khairpur district 4371: 4161:Babak Khorramdin 3868: 3861: 3854: 3845: 3833:Police brutality 3542:Hudood Ordinance 3260: 3253: 3246: 3237: 3209: 3202: 3196: 3185: 3179: 3170: 3164: 3163: 3161: 3159: 3145: 3130: 3123: 3117: 3116: 3114: 3112: 3103:. 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