Knowledge (XXG)

Hong Kong Foundation Day

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commemorating Hong Kong's fifty years as a British colony, the 1941 celebration was subdued and almost nonexistent. The 1891 celebration had all the signs of a proper jubilee: ships decorated with lights, church services at the Anglican and Catholic cathedrals, a royal salute fired from ships in the harbor, a review of military forces at Happy Valley, an athletics contest, a public ball at City Hall, a cricket match and shooting contest, topped off with a concert at the Club Germania.
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full satisfaction for these proceedings, and as security against their recurrence, the cession of one or more Islands on the Coast, to be fixed upon by the Naval Commander and the Superintendent, as eligible to be occupied as Stations at which Her Majesty's subjects trading to China might reside in safety, under the protection of British authority; and from whence they might securely carry on their commercial intercourse with the principal Ports of the Coast of China.
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On the return of the commodore on the 24th, we were directed to proceed to Hongkong, and commence its survey. We landed on Monday the 25th, 1841, at fifteen minutes past eight A.M., and being the bondafide first possessors, Her Majesty's health was drank with three cheers on Possession Mount. On the
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In the hundred years from 1841 to 1941, Hong Kong only issued four sets of commemorative stamps. The first was printed in 1891 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of Hong Kong's opening as a free port. In view of the tight schedule, the Hong Kong government had not applied in time for permission from
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Even though the founding of Hong Kong occurred in the distant past in 1841, this episode of history still provides inspiration to some creators and designers in the cultural and creative industries today. The history related to Foundation Day has inspired the creation of different local merchandise
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with the phrase "1841 Hong Kong JUBILEE 1891". The commemorative overprint became an instant hit. With long queues and only a total of 50,000 prints, collectors got desperate and violent. Many got injured in the ensuing chaos as they tried to get hold of these stamps. In the end, three people died,
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The British Government is entitled to demand full reparation of the affront offered to the British Crown by the indignities put upon Her Majesty's Superintendent, and by the outrageous proceedings adopted towards Her Majesty's other Subjects in China. The British Government is willing to accept as
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So popular were these stamps that an initial limit of twenty-five per person was quickly reduced to twenty as queues rapidly grew. As collectors became increasingly desperate to acquire these issues, things began to turn violent. Two Portuguese customers were crushed to death, a Dutch sailor was
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In 1941, Hong Kong observed its centenary as a British colony. But this was hardly a year for celebrating. The Japanese occupied the key cities of China; Britain and Germany were engaged in a bitter conflict; and war between Britain and Japan loomed on the horizon…Compared with the 1891 jubilee
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To mark the occasion, the Hong Kong Post Office issued a set of six commemorative stamps. This set of stamps features various local sights and scenes to showcase the developments of Hong Kong as a British colony over the previous 100 years. The stamps were originally intended to be released in
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which means “the day of pier opening”, reflecting the original intention of the British acquisition of Hong Kong was for opening it up and turning it into a port of free trade. The name also signifies that international commerce became legally permitted in Hong Kong upon British administration
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26th, the squadron arrived; the marines were landed, the union hoisted on our post, and formal possession taken of the island, by commodore sir J. J. G. Bremer, accompanied by the other officers of the squadron, under a fue-de-joie from the marines, and a royal salute from the ships of war.
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From 1757 to 1841, Guangzhou even served as the only port dealing with foreign trade...The British occupation of Hong Kong Island in 1841 was followed by the implementation of a free-trade policy, which attracted a roomful of foreign hongs to shift their headquarters to Hong
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The First Commemorative Stamp: Hong Kong celebrated its 50th Anniversary as a British colony in 1891. To mark the occasion, the Post Office issued a commemorative stamp, a limited edition of the two-cent carmine Queen's head, overprinted with "1841 Hong Kong Jubilee
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1891年1月22日香港發行了第一套紀念郵票猁猁香港開埠50周年紀念郵票,這套郵票曾由當時香港署理港督催促英國理藩院盡快審批發行,後來由於時間不夠充裕,來不及設計一款新圖案郵票,最後圖案選用了1883年的維多利亞女王頭像通用郵票,在上加蓋「1841-香港金禧紀念-1891」字樣,作為全球首套以加蓋形式發行的紀念郵票。「郵票發行首日非常轟動,早上7時開始發售,郵政總局擠滿了不同國籍的集郵人士,一度引起搶購熱潮,由於人群擁擠,秩序大亂,結果兩名葡萄牙人在混亂的人群中被夾死,1名荷蘭籍海員被刺斃,另外還有多人受傷。」
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Canton (known today as Guangzhou), a major trading port of China since ancient times, is regarded as the southern gateway to China. In 1757, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty ordered the closure of all ports to foreign trade with the exception of
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Opponents view 26 January 1841 as a humiliating moment in Chinese history and sometimes label those who think Foundation Day is worthy of celebration as anti-China or even separatists. Similarly, some criticise it as colonial nostalgia.
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To fulfill the goal of making the colony of Hong Kong a facilitating centre for China trade, the colonial government quickly proclaimed Hong Kong Island as a free trade port shortly after the establishment of the colony in January
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videos for the occasion in which they commemorated the 180th anniversary and took the opportunity to express their solidarity with Hong Kongers regarding the democratic and human rights issues they had to endure.
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That the Legislative Council of this Colony, on the occasion of the hundredth anniversary of the Colony's foundation, humbly renews the expression of its loyalty to the Throne, and its devotion to the Empire's
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the Colonial Office for a special design. As a result, the 2-cent definitive stamp had to be overprinted, making it the world's first overprinted commemorative stamp. The 50,000 stamps sold out in three days.
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Today, news media often have history quizzes ready for their audiences on Foundation Day, and non-governmental organisations arrange history talks and exhibitions for the general public to participate.
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She chose to open the independent bookstore on January 26, paying homage to Hong Kong Foundation Day, which marks the day the city was colonised by Britain and established as a free port 181 years ago.
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for the occasion in which, among other things, they welcomed those Hong Kongers who were moving to the UK from Hong Kong “to escape the iron heel of Chinese Communist tyranny”.
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of the foundation of Hong Kong. Because the government did not have enough time to have a specially designed commemorative stamp ready for the occasion, they instead decided to
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Though not always, those who regard Foundation Day as Hong Kong’s birthday often attribute the success of modern Hong Kong to the British rule, which began on Foundation Day.
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But celebrations are not limited to Hong Kong. Events have been held in overseas metropolises with significant numbers of diaspora Hong Kongers, such as London and Melbourne.
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1941 saw the centenary of Hong Kong's founding, but celebrations were not as extensive and vibrant as for the Golden Jubilee in 1891 when Europe had already been engulfed in
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The centenary stamps were designed locally and intended for release in October 1940. But due to delays, the stamps were finally issued in February 1941.
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Human rights groups and pro-democracy activists may also take the opportunity on Foundation Day to raise awareness of various issues about Hong Kong.
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The Chinese artist, who is now based in the UK, spoke during a parliamentary event to mark the 180th anniversary of the founding of modern Hong Kong.
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Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under the
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1月26日,一個大部份香港人都如常生活的日子,背後卻承載着重要的歷史。1841年1月25日,英國海軍軍官卑路乍作先頭部隊,於上午8 時15分登陸今上環水坑口。翌日英國遠東艦隊分支抵達,並於該處揚起英國國旗,正式接管香港,又在海面鳴炮示意,標誌着香港從此正式開埠通商。
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In addition to the issuance of the golden jubilee stamp, there was a whole range of other celebrations across Hong Kong. Warships in
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Motion text: That this House notes that the 26th of January 2021 marks the 180th anniversary of the modern founding of Hong Kong
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Following Hong Kong's opening up in 1841, Shanghai was declared a free port and formally opened to foreign trade in 1843.
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This article is about the start of British rule. For the anniversary of the sovereignty transfer to China, see
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Under the Convention of Chuenpi (Chuanbi) signed on January 20, 1841, Hong Kong Island was ceded to Britain.
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October 1940 but ultimately got published on 26 February 1941, exactly one month after the anniversary.
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Quite a few in Hong Kong see Foundation Day as the birthday of Hong Kong, but not everyone agrees.
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formally colonised it on 26 January 1841 after entering into a provisional treaty, known as the
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and shooting contests, were arranged. Ship owners strung decorative lights on their boats.
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with a Dutch sailor getting stabbed and two Portuguese customers getting crushed to death.
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held a public ball. A concert was performed at the Club Germania. Sport games, including
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In January 1841, after a series of negotiations, a provisional treaty seeking to end the
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Carroll, John (2005). "Chapter 7 - Transforming the Barren Island: The 1941 Centenary".
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There was another group of British parliamentarians and activists who partnered with
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to commemorate the centenary of Hong Kong's foundation. The statue is located in the
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released the very first commemorative stamp in Hong Kong's history to celebrate the
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Hong Kong Founding Day, Hong Kong Day, Festival of Hong Kong, Hong Kong's birthday
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whereas Hong Kong had not been allowed to conduct foreign trade under the
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from time to time, such as handbags, clothes, perfume, calendars etc.
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The year 2021 was the 180th anniversary of Foundation Day. A group of
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Edge of Empires: Chinese Elites and British Colonials in Hong Kong
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A formal possession ceremony was held on 26 January by Commodore
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stabbed, and many others were injured in the 'unruly scenes'.
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Part 2: Messages from British parliamentarians and activists
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did not make it an official public holiday, nor does the
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was hoisted, symbolising the beginning of British rule.
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FESTIVAL OF HONG KONG: 180 YEARS AND ONWARDS「香港節」:壹佰捌拾
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Archived from 1726:International relations of the Chinese empire 1369:(in Chinese). 26 January 2017. Archived from 1345:(in Chinese). 26 January 2024. Archived from 587:also unanimously passed a resolution, titled 159: 8: 5006:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha 4989:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 4867:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 77:Beginning of British rule in 1841 until 1997 2401:(in Chinese). 22 April 2015. Archived from 1529:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 4907: 4819: 4593: 4578: 4564: 4556: 4065: 3737: 3412: 3305: 3251: 3237: 3229: 2495: 2481: 2473: 2211:Hong Kong Zoological and Botanical Gardens 2050:(in Chinese). 12 June 2016. Archived from 1091: 1055: 850: 621: 578:Hong Kong Zoological and Botanical Gardens 361:Four days after the announcement, Captain 168: 36: 27: 248:), is the anniversary of the founding of 4050:Legitimacy of territorial establishment 2216:Leisure and Cultural Services Department 476: 349: 16:Anniversary of the founding of Hong Kong 5078: 2848:Special administrative regions of China 2082:from the original on 25 December 2022. 1188: 1048: 5035:Historical flags of the British Empire 5019:Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985 2417: 2415: 2389: 2387: 2266: 2264: 2239: 2237: 2191:from the original on 16 January 2023. 2175: 2173: 2095: 2093: 2038: 2036: 1878: 1876: 1793: 1791: 1522: 1092: 1056: 854:Participants of Commemorative Videos 791: 141: 2457:from the original on 18 February 2020 2133: 2131: 2025:from the original on 28 August 2021. 1999:from the original on 27 August 2021. 1809:from the original on 14 February 2021 1772:from the original on 15 February 2020 1758: 1756: 1704:from the original on 13 February 2021 1588:from the original on 2 September 2019 1561:from the original on 12 February 2021 1544: 1542: 1540: 1491: 1489: 1400:from the original on 13 February 2021 1295: 1293: 1291: 1276:from the original on 12 February 2021 1243:from the original on 3 September 2021 7: 2222:from the original on 15 October 2019 1839:from the original on 26 January 2021 1508:from the original on 25 October 2018 1470:from the original on 25 October 2018 1453: 1451: 1436:from the original on 19 October 2019 1420: 1418: 1384: 1382: 1380: 1314:: 2. 16 January 1941. Archived from 1227: 1225: 1223: 4846:Saint Andrew and Providence Islands 3689:. British Cameroons is now part of 2068:Gilbert, Adam Richard (July 2018). 5155:Hong Kong–United Kingdom relations 3705:unilaterally declared independence 3400:1708–1757, 1763–1782 and 1798–1802 1580:Press Release (27 November 2007). 42:Early painting of Hong Kong Island 14: 4912:Antarctica and the South Atlantic 4891:Occupied by Argentina during the 2206:"Bronze Statue of King George VI" 2048:Hong Kong Commercial Daily (香港商報) 1970:. 26 January 2021. Archived from 1366:Hong Kong Economic Times Holdings 473:50th Anniversary (Golden Jubilee) 5117: 5105: 5093: 5081: 5055: 5046: 5045: 4458:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1694:"Hong Kong ceded to the British" 938:Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle 826: 814: 462:stalls, mini-concerts featuring 435: 424: 415: 395:, and the war ships performed a 282:, most being native speakers of 2548:Bao'an County and Xin'an County 2423:"【眾籌】小店製作本土歷史主題月曆 冀用一年重喚港人金魚記憶" 1805:(in Chinese). 25 January 2021. 1239:. Early Day Motion (EDM 1382). 335:had been preferred by his boss 295:policy of the Qing government. 204: 190: 21:Hong Kong SAR Establishment Day 4954:Australian Antarctic Territory 3810:since 1965 (before as part of 3807:British Indian Ocean Territory 3693:, while Tanganyika is part of 3324:since 1960 (before as part of 2843:Sino-British Joint Declaration 2680:Country parks and conservation 568:The renowned British sculptor 245: 229: 160: 1: 1498:"A Place From Which to Trade" 1312:Hong Kong Legislative Council 862:Organisation/Political Party 533:100th Anniversary (Centenary) 376:'s health with three cheers. 127:Norfolk Island Foundation Day 85:History talks and exhibitions 3265:British Overseas Territories 2330:(in Chinese). Archived from 1889:Special Broadcasting Service 1723:Morse, Hosea Ballou (1917). 1619:(in Chinese). Archived from 1584:. Hong Kong SAR Government. 561:was looming on the horizon. 481:1891 Jubilee overprint stamp 135:Founding of modern Singapore 4981:British Antarctic Territory 4691:Western Pacific Territories 1671:Hong Kong Museum of History 1012:The Whitehouse Consultancy 1009:The Whitehouse Consultancy 615:MP, tabled the non-binding 270:British Colonial Government 5171: 4719:Gilbert and Ellice Islands 4136:British Arctic Territories 2324:"狂舔前殖民者!"港獨"藝人抹黑香港回歸為"淪陷"" 1835:(in Chinese (Hong Kong)). 1643:Hong Kong Public Libraries 1308:Hansard 16th January, 1941 323:and Imperial Commissioner 264:, with an official of the 18: 5030: 4999: 4959:Commonwealth of Australia 4917: 4906: 4877: 4829: 4818: 4784: 4591: 4555: 4361:Newfoundland and Labrador 4075: 4064: 4042:League of Nations mandate 4023: 3747: 3736: 3717:Lancaster House Agreement 3687:League of Nations mandate 3676: 3422: 3411: 3315: 3304: 3271: 2510: 2370:"科大組織戀殖上腦 借慶祝開埠宣抗中港獨 無恥!" 1799:"香港開埠180周年 「開埠以嚟」歷史問答知識+" 1361:"今天香港開埠176年紀念日 究竟「開埠」點解?" 1151: 1129: 1124: 1121: 1116: 1111: 1106: 1080: 1070: 1065: 853: 825: 813: 799: 624: 237: 215: 167: 149: 35: 4489:Turks and Caicos Islands 3796:(protectorate) 1907–1949 3368:(integrated into the UK) 3064:Cheung Chau Bun Festival 2828:One country, two systems 2720:Public parks and gardens 2665:Buildings and structures 2640:Administrative divisions 2108:Harvard University Press 1551:"「香港」生日快樂 175年前今日開埠英軍佔領" 1202:South China Morning Post 880:Sir Iain Duncan Smith MP 843:to create commemorative 605:British parliamentarians 574:statue of King George VI 559:Japan invading Hong Kong 549:Statue of King George VI 445:Foundation Day event in 222:Hong Kong Foundation Day 191:hēung góng hōi fauh yaht 145:Hong Kong Foundation Day 4772:1919–1942 and 1945–1968 4597:18th and 19th centuries 4413:Queen Charlotte Islands 4373:North-Western Territory 4345:1665–1674 and 1702–1776 3948:1781–1784 and 1795–1819 3613:1923–1965 and 1979–1980 3296:Commonwealth of Nations 2181:"1941 Centenary Stamps" 1884:"有港人團體辦澳洲國慶日活動 冀連結在澳港人" 1549:周雪君 (26 January 2016). 1301:"Loyalty to the Throne" 286:, call this day 開埠日 or 4522:West Indies Federation 3711:) and continued as an 3294:Current member of the 2876:Food and Health Bureau 2700:Islands and peninsulas 1912:"香港迎開埠181年 港人倫敦辦「香港節」" 1765:The Chinese Repository 1746:The Chinese Repository 1093:Corresponding Date of 805: 550: 542: 497:the existing two-cent 482: 358: 205:hoeng gong hoi fau jat 4444:Saint Kitts and Nevis 3715:state until the 1979 3321:Akrotiri and Dhekelia 3099:Hong Kong nationalism 3084:Heritage conservation 2607:Handover of Hong Kong 2451:authority.dila.edu.tw 2447:"佛學規範資料庫: 中、韓、日、西曆對換" 2346:"「獨」人「慶港開埠」 教界批妄想兼可笑" 1974:on 20 February 2021. 1897:on 20 December 2022. 868:Lord Patten of Barnes 804: 627:Early Day Motion 1382 617:Early Day Motion 1382 589:Loyalty to the Throne 548: 540: 487:Hong Kong Post Office 480: 460:Hong Kong street food 353: 317:Convention of Chuenpi 242:Festival of Hong Kong 131:Western Australia Day 5150:History of Hong Kong 4972:Realm of New Zealand 4970:(transferred to the 4957:(transferred to the 4790:Realm of New Zealand 4391:Prince Edward Island 4269:1671–1816, 1833–1960 2301:Hong Kong Free Press 2282:Stand with Hong Kong 2255:Stand with Hong Kong 2185:Gwulo: Old Hong Kong 2163:on 27 January 2022. 1939:Hong Kong Free Press 1922:on 5 September 2022. 1321:on 23 October 2004. 1235:, House of Commons. 974:Christine Jardine MP 841:Stand with Hong Kong 557:and the prospect of 5003:Since 2009 part of 4895:of April–June 1982. 4482:Trinidad and Tobago 4096:Antigua and Barbuda 3996:Straits Settlements 2813:Legislative Council 2715:Mountains and peaks 2577:Japanese occupation 2572:Battle of Hong Kong 2334:on 3 February 2022. 2054:on 27 August 2021. 1678:on 14 August 2022. 1650:on 2 January 2023. 1611:"香港開埠180周年 重臨變革的關頭" 1555:The News Lens 關鍵評論網 1502:www.yearbook.gov.hk 1394:180th Hong Kong Day 1349:on 26 January 2024. 1337:"1841年1月26日 香港正式開埠" 1272:. 26 January 2018. 1101: 1060: 991:Democratic Unionist 761:Democratic Unionist 707:Democratic Unionist 585:Legislative Council 523:Hong Kong City Hall 447:Stonebridge, London 4155:Cape Breton Island 4046:Anglo-Iraqi Treaty 3888:Unfederated States 3703:Southern Rhodesia 3290:Commonwealth realm 2405:on 30 April 2023. 2395:"本土小確幸 SOUL SWEET" 2380:on 1 January 2023. 2358:on 1 January 2023. 2284:. 26 January 2021. 2257:. 26 January 2021. 1373:on 1 January 2023. 1270:www.bcmagazine.net 1099:Gregorian Calendar 1097:on 26 Jan 1841 of 916:Sir David Amess MP 904:Virendra Sharma MP 806: 657:Sponsor (Primary) 551: 543: 483: 359: 262:Chuenpi Convention 5145:1841 in Hong Kong 5140:British Hong Kong 5069: 5068: 5026: 5025: 4902: 4901: 4834:Providence Island 4814: 4813: 4779: 4778: 4647:Western Australia 4615:Van Diemen's Land 4551: 4550: 4528:Associated States 4226:Columbia District 4060: 4059: 3914:Manila and Cavite 3732: 3731: 3611:Southern Rhodesia 3605:South-West Africa 3555:Northern Rhodesia 3467:Cape of Good Hope 3407: 3406: 3284:Current territory 3226: 3225: 2833:Political parties 2788:Foreign relations 2520:Index of articles 2435:on 6 August 2021. 2304:. 26 January 2019 2106:. United States: 1967:Irish Independent 1942:. 26 January 2021 1803:hk.news.yahoo.com 1623:on 10 July 2021. 1464:Marine Department 1173: 1172: 1090: 1089: 1016: 1015: 892:Sir Roger Gale MP 837: 836: 808:180th Anniversary 790: 789: 786:12 February 2021 599:180th Anniversary 572:created a bronze 517:was conducted at 232:), also known as 219: 218: 211: 210: 185:Yale Romanization 140: 139: 5162: 5122: 5121: 5120: 5110: 5109: 5098: 5097: 5096: 5086: 5085: 5084: 5077: 5059: 5049: 5048: 5014:Antarctic Treaty 4975: 4962: 4947:Falkland Islands 4939:Tristan da Cunha 4931:Ascension Island 4908: 4859:Falkland Islands 4820: 4788:Now part of the 4660:Pitcairn Islands 4625:Auckland Islands 4594: 4580: 4573: 4566: 4557: 4542:Windward Islands 4496:Vancouver Island 4273:MassachusettsBay 4142:British Columbia 4066: 3882:Federated States 3738: 3648:Tristan da Cunha 3617:Southern Nigeria 3549:Northern Nigeria 3428:Ascension Island 3413: 3369: 3306: 3280:Former territory 3277: 3253: 3246: 3239: 3230: 3114:Lion Rock Spirit 3089:Hong Kong orchid 2917: 2690:Land reclamation 2675:Cities and towns 2497: 2490: 2483: 2474: 2467: 2466: 2464: 2462: 2443: 2437: 2436: 2419: 2410: 2409: 2391: 2382: 2381: 2366: 2360: 2359: 2342: 2336: 2335: 2320: 2314: 2313: 2311: 2309: 2292: 2286: 2285: 2268: 2259: 2258: 2241: 2232: 2231: 2229: 2227: 2202: 2196: 2195: 2177: 2168: 2167: 2162: 2156:. Archived from 2145: 2135: 2126: 2125: 2097: 2088: 2087: 2081: 2074: 2065: 2059: 2058: 2040: 2031: 2030: 2019:Hong Kong Memory 2011: 2005: 2004: 1985: 1979: 1978: 1958: 1952: 1951: 1949: 1947: 1930: 1924: 1923: 1908: 1902: 1901: 1880: 1871: 1870: 1869:on 26 June 2022. 1855: 1849: 1848: 1846: 1844: 1833:Apple Daily 蘋果日報 1825: 1819: 1818: 1816: 1814: 1795: 1786: 1785: 1779: 1777: 1760: 1751: 1750: 1741: 1735: 1734: 1720: 1714: 1713: 1711: 1709: 1690: 1684: 1683: 1674:. Archived from 1662: 1656: 1655: 1646:. Archived from 1634: 1628: 1627: 1607: 1601: 1600: 1595: 1593: 1577: 1571: 1570: 1568: 1566: 1546: 1535: 1534: 1528: 1520: 1515: 1513: 1493: 1484: 1483: 1477: 1475: 1455: 1446: 1445: 1443: 1441: 1422: 1413: 1412: 1407: 1405: 1386: 1375: 1374: 1357: 1351: 1350: 1333: 1327: 1326: 1320: 1305: 1297: 1286: 1285: 1283: 1281: 1262: 1256: 1255: 1250: 1248: 1229: 1218: 1217: 1212: 1210: 1193: 1174: 1102: 1061: 1053: 979:Liberal Democrat 851: 830: 829: 818: 817: 792: 768:26 January 2021 750:25 January 2021 732:21 January 2021 714:21 January 2021 696:21 January 2021 684:Sir Mike Penning 678:21 January 2021 671:Liberal Democrat 660:20 January 2021 648:Andrew Rosindell 636:Political Party 633:Parliamentarian 622: 613:Andrew Rosindell 609:House of Commons 541:Centenary stamps 507:Victoria Harbour 499:definitive stamp 439: 428: 419: 385:Possession Point 329:Hong Kong Island 268:government. The 247: 239: 231: 207: 206: 193: 192: 169: 163: 162: 142: 110: 108: 56:Observed by 40: 28: 5170: 5169: 5165: 5164: 5163: 5161: 5160: 5159: 5130: 5129: 5128: 5118: 5116: 5104: 5094: 5092: 5082: 5080: 5072: 5070: 5065: 5022: 4995: 4969: 4967:Ross Dependency 4956: 4913: 4898: 4873: 4825: 4810: 4780: 4775: 4731: 4726:Solomon Islands 4673:North Australia 4653:South Australia 4609:New South Wales 4587: 4584: 4547: 4267:Leeward Islands 4071: 4056: 4019: 3926:Muscat and Oman 3743: 3728: 3672: 3418: 3403: 3367: 3311: 3300: 3275: 3267: 3257: 3227: 3222: 3171:Public holidays 3035: 3031:Sex trafficking 3009: 2956: 2915: 2890: 2858:Public services 2852: 2763:Chief Executive 2753:National anthem 2739: 2626: 2524: 2506: 2501: 2471: 2470: 2460: 2458: 2445: 2444: 2440: 2421: 2420: 2413: 2393: 2392: 2385: 2368: 2367: 2363: 2344: 2343: 2339: 2322: 2321: 2317: 2307: 2305: 2294: 2293: 2289: 2270: 2269: 2262: 2243: 2242: 2235: 2225: 2223: 2204: 2203: 2199: 2179: 2178: 2171: 2160: 2154: 2143: 2137: 2136: 2129: 2118: 2110:. p. 159. 2099: 2098: 2091: 2079: 2072: 2067: 2066: 2062: 2042: 2041: 2034: 2013: 2012: 2008: 1987: 1986: 1982: 1960: 1959: 1955: 1945: 1943: 1932: 1931: 1927: 1910: 1909: 1905: 1882: 1881: 1874: 1857: 1856: 1852: 1842: 1840: 1827: 1826: 1822: 1812: 1810: 1797: 1796: 1789: 1775: 1773: 1762: 1761: 1754: 1743: 1742: 1738: 1722: 1721: 1717: 1707: 1705: 1692: 1691: 1687: 1664: 1663: 1659: 1636: 1635: 1631: 1609: 1608: 1604: 1591: 1589: 1579: 1578: 1574: 1564: 1562: 1548: 1547: 1538: 1521: 1511: 1509: 1495: 1494: 1487: 1473: 1471: 1458:Lau, Chi-pang. 1457: 1456: 1449: 1439: 1437: 1424: 1423: 1416: 1403: 1401: 1388: 1387: 1378: 1359: 1358: 1354: 1342:Radio Free Asia 1335: 1334: 1330: 1318: 1303: 1299: 1298: 1289: 1279: 1277: 1264: 1263: 1259: 1246: 1244: 1231: 1230: 1221: 1208: 1206: 1195: 1194: 1190: 1185: 1178: 1177: 1054: 1050: 1045: 1036: 1021: 1003:Hong Kong Watch 998:Benedict Rogers 962:Nickie Aiken MP 827: 815: 809: 795:External videos 774:Craig Whittaker 720:Sir David Amess 625:Signatories of 601: 570:Gilbert Ledward 535: 475: 464:Hong Kong music 452: 451: 450: 449: 442: 441: 440: 431: 430: 429: 421: 420: 409: 337:Lord Palmerston 333:Zhoushan Island 315:, known as the 305:First Opium War 301: 123:Related to 106: 104: 103:26 January 2025 43: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5168: 5166: 5158: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5132: 5131: 5127: 5126: 5114: 5102: 5100:United Kingdom 5090: 5067: 5066: 5064: 5063: 5053: 5043: 5037: 5031: 5028: 5027: 5024: 5023: 5021: 5020: 5017: 5010: 5000: 4997: 4996: 4994: 4993: 4985: 4977: 4964: 4951: 4943: 4935: 4927: 4918: 4915: 4914: 4911: 4904: 4903: 4900: 4899: 4897: 4896: 4889: 4878: 4875: 4874: 4872: 4871: 4863: 4855: 4849: 4843: 4840:Willoughbyland 4837: 4830: 4827: 4826: 4823: 4816: 4815: 4812: 4811: 4809: 4808: 4798: 4792: 4785: 4782: 4781: 4777: 4776: 4774: 4773: 4767: 4761: 4754: 4747: 4741: 4734: 4732: 4730: 4729: 4722: 4716: 4710: 4700: 4694: 4688: 4682: 4676: 4670: 4664: 4656: 4650: 4640: 4634: 4628: 4622: 4612: 4605: 4602: 4601: 4598: 4592: 4589: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4582: 4575: 4568: 4560: 4553: 4552: 4549: 4548: 4546: 4545: 4539: 4533: 4532: 4531: 4519: 4513: 4507: 4503:Virgin Islands 4499: 4493: 4485: 4479: 4473: 4470:South Carolina 4467: 4461: 4454: 4447: 4440: 4434: 4428: 4422: 4416: 4406: 4400: 4394: 4388: 4382: 4376: 4370: 4367:North Carolina 4364: 4358: 4352: 4346: 4340: 4334: 4328: 4322: 4316: 4310: 4304: 4301:Mosquito Coast 4298: 4290: 4284: 4283: 4282: 4270: 4264: 4257: 4251: 4245: 4239: 4233: 4230:Oregon Country 4223: 4219:Cayman Islands 4215: 4209: 4208: 4207: 4201: 4195: 4189: 4177: 4170: 4164: 4158: 4152: 4151: 4150: 4139: 4133: 4125: 4118: 4112: 4106: 4099: 4092: 4085: 4076: 4073: 4072: 4069: 4062: 4061: 4058: 4057: 4055: 4054: 4048: 4039: 4024: 4021: 4020: 4018: 4017: 4011: 4008:Trucial States 4005: 3999: 3993: 3987: 3981: 3980: 3979: 3967: 3961: 3955: 3949: 3943: 3942: 3941: 3929: 3923: 3917: 3911: 3905: 3904: 3903: 3897: 3891: 3885: 3873: 3867: 3861: 3855: 3849: 3843: 3837: 3831: 3825: 3819: 3803: 3797: 3791: 3785: 3775: 3769: 3768: 3767: 3755: 3748: 3745: 3744: 3741: 3734: 3733: 3730: 3729: 3727: 3726: 3720: 3701:Self-governing 3698: 3684: 3677: 3674: 3673: 3671: 3670: 3664: 3658: 3652: 3644: 3638: 3632: 3626: 3620: 3614: 3608: 3602: 3596: 3590: 3584: 3578: 3570: 3564: 3558: 3552: 3546: 3540: 3534: 3528: 3522: 3516: 3510: 3504: 3494: 3488: 3482: 3476: 3473:Central Africa 3470: 3464: 3458: 3452: 3442: 3432: 3423: 3420: 3419: 3416: 3409: 3408: 3405: 3404: 3402: 3401: 3395: 3394: 3393: 3387: 3378: 3377: 3376: 3361: 3358:Ionian Islands 3355: 3349: 3341: 3335: 3329: 3316: 3313: 3312: 3309: 3302: 3301: 3299: 3298: 3292: 3286: 3281: 3278: 3272: 3269: 3268: 3261:British Empire 3258: 3256: 3255: 3248: 3241: 3233: 3224: 3223: 3221: 3220: 3219: 3218: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3193: 3188: 3183: 3178: 3173: 3168: 3167: 3166: 3161: 3156: 3146: 3141: 3136: 3131: 3126: 3121: 3116: 3111: 3106: 3101: 3096: 3094:Honours system 3091: 3086: 3081: 3076: 3071: 3066: 3061: 3056: 3051: 3045: 3043: 3037: 3036: 3034: 3033: 3028: 3023: 3017: 3015: 3011: 3010: 3008: 3007: 3002: 2997: 2992: 2987: 2982: 2977: 2972: 2966: 2964: 2958: 2957: 2955: 2954: 2949: 2944: 2942:Communications 2939: 2937:Stock Exchange 2934: 2929: 2924: 2919: 2911: 2906: 2900: 2898: 2892: 2891: 2889: 2888: 2883: 2878: 2873: 2868: 2862: 2860: 2854: 2853: 2851: 2850: 2845: 2840: 2835: 2830: 2825: 2820: 2815: 2810: 2805: 2800: 2795: 2790: 2785: 2780: 2775: 2770: 2765: 2760: 2755: 2749: 2747: 2741: 2740: 2738: 2737: 2732: 2727: 2722: 2717: 2712: 2707: 2702: 2697: 2692: 2687: 2682: 2677: 2672: 2667: 2662: 2657: 2652: 2647: 2642: 2636: 2634: 2628: 2627: 2625: 2624: 2619: 2614: 2609: 2604: 2599: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2579: 2574: 2569: 2568: 2567: 2557: 2555:British colony 2552: 2551: 2550: 2543:Imperial China 2540: 2534: 2532: 2526: 2525: 2523: 2522: 2517: 2511: 2508: 2507: 2502: 2500: 2499: 2492: 2485: 2477: 2469: 2468: 2438: 2411: 2383: 2361: 2337: 2315: 2287: 2260: 2233: 2197: 2169: 2152: 2127: 2116: 2089: 2075:. p. 52. 2060: 2032: 2006: 1980: 1953: 1925: 1903: 1872: 1850: 1820: 1787: 1752: 1736: 1715: 1685: 1657: 1629: 1602: 1572: 1557:(in Chinese). 1536: 1485: 1447: 1430:www.grs.gov.hk 1414: 1376: 1352: 1328: 1287: 1257: 1219: 1205:. 16 July 2022 1187: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1176: 1175: 1171: 1170: 1167: 1164: 1161: 1158: 1155: 1149: 1148: 1145: 1142: 1139: 1136: 1133: 1127: 1126: 1123: 1120: 1115: 1113:Earthly Branch 1110: 1105: 1095:Lunar Calendar 1088: 1087: 1084: 1078: 1077: 1074: 1068: 1067: 1064: 1047: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1035: 1032: 1020: 1017: 1014: 1013: 1010: 1006: 1005: 1000: 994: 993: 988: 986:Ian Paisley MP 982: 981: 976: 970: 969: 964: 958: 957: 952: 946: 945: 940: 934: 933: 930: 924: 923: 918: 912: 911: 906: 900: 899: 894: 888: 887: 882: 876: 875: 870: 864: 863: 860: 856: 855: 835: 834: 823: 822: 811: 810: 807: 797: 796: 788: 787: 784: 781: 776: 770: 769: 766: 763: 758: 752: 751: 748: 745: 740: 738:Caroline Lucas 734: 733: 730: 727: 722: 716: 715: 712: 709: 704: 698: 697: 694: 691: 686: 680: 679: 676: 673: 668: 662: 661: 658: 655: 650: 644: 643: 640: 637: 634: 630: 629: 600: 597: 534: 531: 491:golden jubilee 474: 471: 444: 443: 434: 433: 432: 423: 422: 414: 413: 412: 411: 410: 408: 405: 363:Edward Belcher 321:Charles Elliot 300: 297: 288:hōi fauh yaht, 274:SAR Government 217: 216: 213: 212: 209: 208: 201: 195: 194: 187: 181: 180: 178:Yue: Cantonese 174: 173: 172:Transcriptions 165: 164: 157: 151: 150: 147: 146: 138: 137: 124: 120: 119: 116: 112: 111: 101: 100:Next time 97: 96: 91: 87: 86: 83: 79: 78: 75: 71: 70: 67: 63: 62: 57: 53: 52: 49: 45: 44: 41: 33: 32: 31:Foundation Day 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5167: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5137: 5135: 5125: 5115: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5101: 5091: 5089: 5079: 5075: 5062: 5058: 5054: 5052: 5044: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5032: 5029: 5018: 5015: 5011: 5008: 5007: 5002: 5001: 4998: 4991: 4990: 4986: 4983: 4982: 4978: 4973: 4968: 4965: 4960: 4955: 4952: 4949: 4948: 4944: 4941: 4940: 4936: 4933: 4932: 4928: 4925: 4924: 4920: 4919: 4916: 4909: 4905: 4894: 4893:Falklands War 4890: 4888: 4884: 4880: 4879: 4876: 4869: 4868: 4864: 4861: 4860: 4856: 4853: 4850: 4847: 4844: 4841: 4838: 4835: 4832: 4831: 4828: 4824:South America 4821: 4817: 4807: 4803: 4799: 4797: 4793: 4791: 4787: 4786: 4783: 4771: 4768: 4765: 4762: 4759: 4755: 4752: 4748: 4745: 4742: 4739: 4736: 4735: 4733: 4727: 4723: 4720: 4717: 4714: 4713:Union Islands 4711: 4708: 4704: 4701: 4698: 4695: 4692: 4689: 4686: 4683: 4680: 4677: 4674: 4671: 4668: 4665: 4662: 4661: 4657: 4654: 4651: 4648: 4644: 4641: 4638: 4635: 4632: 4629: 4626: 4623: 4620: 4616: 4613: 4610: 4607: 4606: 4604: 4603: 4599: 4596: 4595: 4590: 4581: 4576: 4574: 4569: 4567: 4562: 4561: 4558: 4554: 4543: 4540: 4537: 4534: 4529: 4526: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4517: 4514: 4511: 4508: 4505: 4504: 4500: 4497: 4494: 4491: 4490: 4486: 4483: 4480: 4477: 4474: 4471: 4468: 4465: 4462: 4459: 4455: 4452: 4448: 4445: 4441: 4438: 4435: 4432: 4429: 4426: 4425:Rupert's Land 4423: 4420: 4417: 4414: 4410: 4407: 4404: 4401: 4398: 4395: 4392: 4389: 4386: 4385:Paulet affair 4383: 4380: 4377: 4374: 4371: 4368: 4365: 4362: 4359: 4356: 4353: 4350: 4347: 4344: 4341: 4338: 4335: 4332: 4331:New Hampshire 4329: 4326: 4323: 4320: 4319:New Brunswick 4317: 4314: 4311: 4308: 4305: 4302: 4299: 4296: 4295: 4291: 4288: 4285: 4280: 4277: 4276: 4274: 4271: 4268: 4265: 4262: 4258: 4255: 4252: 4249: 4246: 4243: 4240: 4237: 4234: 4231: 4227: 4224: 4221: 4220: 4216: 4213: 4210: 4205: 4202: 4199: 4196: 4193: 4190: 4187: 4184: 4183: 4182: 4178: 4175: 4171: 4168: 4165: 4162: 4159: 4156: 4153: 4149: 4146: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4137: 4134: 4131: 4130: 4126: 4123: 4119: 4116: 4113: 4110: 4107: 4104: 4100: 4097: 4093: 4090: 4086: 4083: 4082: 4078: 4077: 4074: 4070:North America 4067: 4063: 4053: 4049: 4047: 4043: 4040: 4038: 4034: 4030: 4026: 4025: 4022: 4015: 4012: 4009: 4006: 4003: 4000: 3997: 3994: 3991: 3990:South Vietnam 3988: 3985: 3982: 3977: 3974: 3973: 3971: 3968: 3965: 3962: 3959: 3956: 3953: 3950: 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1096: 1086:Twenty-First 1085: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1073: 1069: 1063: 1062: 1059: 1052: 1049: 1042: 1040: 1033: 1031: 1027: 1024: 1018: 1011: 1008: 1007: 1004: 1001: 999: 996: 995: 992: 989: 987: 984: 983: 980: 977: 975: 972: 971: 968: 965: 963: 960: 959: 956: 953: 951: 950:Afzal Khan MP 948: 947: 944: 941: 939: 936: 935: 931: 929: 926: 925: 922: 919: 917: 914: 913: 910: 907: 905: 902: 901: 898: 895: 893: 890: 889: 886: 883: 881: 878: 877: 874: 871: 869: 866: 865: 861: 858: 857: 852: 849: 846: 842: 833: 824: 821: 812: 803: 798: 793: 785: 782: 780: 777: 775: 772: 771: 767: 764: 762: 759: 757: 754: 753: 749: 746: 744: 741: 739: 736: 735: 731: 728: 726: 723: 721: 718: 717: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 699: 695: 692: 690: 687: 685: 682: 681: 677: 674: 672: 669: 667: 664: 663: 659: 656: 654: 651: 649: 646: 645: 641: 638: 635: 632: 631: 628: 623: 620: 618: 614: 610: 606: 598: 596: 594: 590: 586: 581: 579: 575: 571: 566: 562: 560: 556: 547: 539: 532: 530: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 508: 503: 500: 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3599:South Africa 3587:Sierra Leone 3574:Saint Helena 3572: 3567:Orange River 3445:Bechuanaland 3426: 3384:Protectorate 3343: 3319: 3283: 3263:and Current 3154:Demographics 3049:Architecture 3026:Prostitution 2808:Legal system 2798:Independence 2710:Marine parks 2459:. 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Retrieved 1200: 1191: 1179: 1051: 1037: 1028: 1025: 1022: 967:Conservative 928:Baroness Cox 921:Conservative 897:Conservative 885:Conservative 873:Conservative 838: 783:Non-Sponsor 779:Conservative 765:Non-Sponsor 756:Sammy Wilson 725:Conservative 689:Conservative 653:Conservative 642:Date Signed 639:Sponsorship 602: 588: 582: 567: 563: 552: 519:Happy Valley 515:troop review 511:royal salute 504: 484: 468: 457: 453: 397:Royal Salute 378: 368: 360: 313:Qing Dynasty 302: 287: 280:Hong Kongers 278: 241: 233: 221: 220: 74:Significance 25: 5040:Anglosphere 4758:New Zealand 4667:New Zealand 4536:West Jersey 4451:Saint Lucia 4437:Saint Kitts 4431:Saint Croix 4411:1763–1791* 4379:Nova Scotia 4325:New England 4281:, 1691–1776 4248:East Jersey 4236:Connecticut 4115:Bay Islands 4002:Transjordan 3920:Mesopotamia 3758:Afghanistan 3752:Aden Colony 3537:Niger Coast 3503:) 1874–1957 3479:East Africa 3461:Cape Colony 3451:) 1884–1966 3441:) 1868–1966 3206:Anglosphere 2818:LGBT rights 2560:1800s–1930s 2538:Prehistoric 2461:15 February 2399:U Lifestyle 2044:"郵票中的百年香港史" 1776:13 February 1058:Regnal Year 1034:Merchandise 932:Crossbench 859:Individual 702:Paul Girvan 666:Layla Moran 393:feu de joie 339:. While in 82:Observances 48:Also called 5134:Categories 4992:since 1908 4984:since 1908 4950:since 1833 4942:since 1816 4934:since 1815 4926:since 1658 4883:department 4870:since 1908 4862:since 1833 4663:since 1838 4643:Swan River 4637:Queensland 4524:1958–1962 4506:since 1666 4492:since 1799 4343:New Jersey 4313:New Albion 4297:since 1632 4294:Montserrat 4275:1629–1691 4222:since 1670 4144:1858–1866 4132:since 1619 4084:since 1650 4037:Bangladesh 3972:1841–1946 3934:1882–1963 3900:Federation 3878:1819–1826 3816:Seychelles 3760:1839–1842 3651:since 1816 3635:Tanganyika 3593:Somaliland 3581:Seychelles 3577:since 1658 3497:Gold Coast 3491:The Gambia 3435:Basutoland 3431:since 1815 3373:Free State 3366:1542–1800 3352:Heligoland 3348:since 1713 3216:Sinosphere 3201:Visual art 3196:Television 3119:Literature 2922:Employment 2916:(currency) 2881:Healthcare 2793:Government 2725:Reservoirs 2351:Wen Wei Po 1843:6 February 1813:6 February 1708:6 February 1565:6 February 1440:6 February 1404:6 February 1280:6 February 1247:6 February 1183:References 593:Man-kam Lo 407:Activities 401:Union Jack 299:Background 107:2025-01-26 94:26 January 69:Unofficial 5088:Hong Kong 4976:1841–1947 4963:1841–1933 4854:1831–1966 4848:1670–1688 4842:1651–1667 4836:1631–1641 4766:1914–1962 4760:1907–1947 4753:1901–1942 4751:Australia 4746:1900–1974 4740:1900–1970 4728:1893–1978 4721:1892–1979 4715:1889–1948 4709:1888–1901 4703:Rarotonga 4699:1884–1902 4693:1877–1976 4687:1874–1970 4681:1851–1901 4675:1846–1847 4669:1841–1907 4655:1836–1901 4649:1829–1901 4639:1824–1901 4633:1824–1980 4627:1807–1863 4621:1803–1901 4611:1788–1901 4544:1833–1960 4538:1674–1702 4530:1967–1983 4518:1763–1783 4512:1607–1776 4498:1849–1866 4484:1889–1962 4478:1862–1863 4472:1712–1776 4466:1635–1644 4460:1627–1979 4453:1605–1979 4446:1882–1983 4439:1623–1983 4433:1625–1650 4427:1670–1870 4421:1636–1776 4415:1853–1863 4405:1620–1691 4399:1681–1776 4393:1763–1873 4381:1713–1867 4375:1859–1870 4369:1712–1776 4363:1583–1907 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1863:同文Commons 1209:5 January 611:, led by 607:from the 495:overprint 365:, aboard 284:Cantonese 254:free port 250:Hong Kong 115:Frequency 60:Hong Kong 5112:Politics 5051:Category 4887:Colombia 4802:Kiribati 4679:Victoria 4619:Tasmania 4510:Virginia 4476:Stickeen 4464:Saybrook 4403:Plymouth 4349:New York 4287:Maryland 4279:Province 4242:Delaware 4212:Carolina 4204:Dominion 4198:Province 4161:Dominica 4109:Barbados 4081:Anguilla 4052:disputed 4033:Pakistan 3908:Maldives 3782:Billiton 3709:Rhodesia 3695:Tanzania 3691:Cameroon 3667:Zululand 3661:Zanzibar 3449:Botswana 3186:Shopping 3176:Religion 3079:Graffiti 3074:Gambling 2970:Airlines 2838:Protests 2823:Military 2745:Politics 2735:Villages 2695:Harbours 2670:Channels 2455:Archived 2220:Archived 2189:Archived 2077:Archived 2023:Archived 1997:Archived 1837:Archived 1807:Archived 1770:Archived 1702:Archived 1592:24 March 1586:Archived 1559:Archived 1525:cite web 1512:24 March 1506:Archived 1474:24 March 1468:Archived 1434:Archived 1398:Archived 1274:Archived 1241:Archived 1082:Daoguang 1072:Victoria 747:Sponsor 729:Sponsor 711:Sponsor 693:Sponsor 675:Sponsor 509:fired a 391:fired a 345:circular 311:and the 307:between 199:Jyutping 5124:History 5074:Portals 5042:culture 4796:Vanuatu 4586:Oceania 4261:Jamaica 4254:Georgia 4174:Grenada 4129:Bermuda 4103:Bahamas 4089:Antigua 3970:Sarawak 3682:Namibia 3543:Nigeria 3519:Madeira 3439:Lesotho 3398:Minorca 3364:Ireland 3332:Corsica 3259:Former 3134:Museums 3069:Cuisine 3041:Culture 3014:Society 2990:Ferries 2985:Cycling 2975:Airport 2952:Tourism 2927:Hawkers 2914:Dollar 2896:Economy 2685:Ecology 2660:Beaches 2530:History 2515:Outline 2277:YouTube 2250:YouTube 2140:郵票中的香港史 1891:Chinese 1698:HISTORY 1653:Canton. 1169:Fourth 1153:English 1131:Chinese 1076:Fourth 845:YouTube 527:cricket 369:Sulphur 355:Belcher 309:Britain 258:Britain 226:Chinese 155:Chinese 105: ( 5061:Portal 4881:Now a 4852:Guiana 4806:Tuvalu 4409:Quebec 4181:Canada 4122:Belize 4014:Weihai 3958:Penang 3946:Padang 3876:Malaya 3870:Labuan 3864:Kuwait 3840:Cyprus 3834:Ceylon 3828:Brunei 3800:Borneo 3794:Bhutan 3788:Bengal 3724:Zambia 3655:Uganda 3417:Africa 3390:Colony 3380:Malta 3338:Cyprus 3326:Cyprus 3310:Europe 3276:Legend 3149:People 3124:McDull 3059:Comics 3054:Cinema 2886:Police 2778:Emblem 2730:Rivers 2150:  2114:  2002:1891". 1916:香城公民媒體 1324:cause. 1122:Month 1118:Zodiac 1019:Debate 955:Labour 909:Labour 399:. 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Index

Hong Kong SAR Establishment Day

Hong Kong
26 January
Norfolk Island Foundation Day
Western Australia Day
Founding of modern Singapore
Chinese
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization
Jyutping
Chinese
Hong Kong
free port
Britain
Chuenpi Convention
Qing
British Colonial Government
SAR Government
Hong Kongers
Cantonese
Canton System
First Opium War
Britain
Qing Dynasty
Convention of Chuenpi
Charles Elliot
Qishan
Hong Kong Island
Zhoushan Island

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