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In 2003, a two-story memorial hall dedicated to Yun Bong-gil was opened in the park with the support of the
Chinese and South Korean governments. After a renovation, it was reopened in 2015 at a ceremony marking the 83rd anniversary of the bombing. The incident is also commemorated on a stone tablet
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just prior to the games, leaving the
Chinese crowds in attendance eager for victory against their Japanese opponents on the field. The 1915 games were among the earliest international sporting competitions to be held in China. They attracted a large number of spectators to the new stadium built near
654:
After his death in 1936, Lu Xun was originally buried in the
International Cemetery (Wanguo Cemetery). By this point, his reputation as a popular intellectual was already well-established. His coffin was draped in a white flag with the words "The Soul of the Nation" written on it. Lu Xun remained a
419:
The pre-1928 prohibition against
Chinese visitors in foreign-administered Shanghai parks was the subject of much debate among Chinese intellectuals. The park regulations stated that the facilities were exclusively for the use of the foreign community, and also that dogs, horses, and bicycles were
662:
The Lu Xun
Memorial Hall (or Museum) was constructed inside Hongkou Park in 1951, and in 1956, Lu Xun's remains were reinterred in the park to mark the 20th anniversary of his death. The new tomb's inscription ("鲁迅先生之墓", "The Tomb of Mr. Lu Xun") was written in the calligraphy of Mao Zedong. The
416:). These were attended by the foreign residents of the International Settlement, as Chinese residents were not permitted to enter either park. Hongkou Park, along with the other parks administered by the Shanghai Municipal Council, was opened to Chinese visitors for the first time in 1928.
589:, entered the park carrying two bombs hidden in a lunchbox and a water bottle. After the Japanese national anthem had finished playing, Yun threw the water bottle bomb at the dais where the Japanese officials were gathered, and detonated it.
333:
and Lu Xun's widow, Xu
Guangping. Near the tomb is a bronze statue of Lu Xun. The center of the park consists of a small artificial lake where boat rides are offered. Locals often use the park for exercise, and can be seen practicing
397:, and included a golf course, tennis courts, swimming pool, and bowling green. The park was expanded in 1917, and renamed again as Hongkew Park in 1922. It was the second largest park in Shanghai, next to Jessfield Park (now called
290:. It is bounded by Guangzhong Road to the north, Ouyang Road to the northeast, Tian'ai Road to the southeast, Tian'ai Branch Road to the south, and East Jiangwan Road to the west. The park is named after the Chinese writer
420:
prohibited. Critics later paraphrased these regulations into various fictitious versions such as "Dogs and
Chinese not admitted", juxtaposing the low status of Chinese citizens in their own country with that of dogs.
342:. The Te Li Ming Teahouse is located on the west side of the lake. In the southeast corner of the park is the Lu Xun Memorial Hall, which contains a collection of his personal belongings, papers, and publications.
1604:
672:
393:. The field was redesigned by Donald MacGregor as the Hongkew Sports Games Park and Shooting Field in 1905, and completed in 1909. The new design was based on that of a park in
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913:
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depicted Lee's character being barred from entry into the Public Garden, resulting in him kicking and breaking the sign displaying the regulations.
542:
On April 29, 1932, the
Japanese military held a celebration of the birthday of Emperor Hirohito in Hongkou Park. Among the attendees were General
317:. It is also located near Lu Xun's former residence, a three-story Japanese-style home where the author lived from 1933 until his death in 1936.
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detonated a bomb at the park, killing or injuring several high-ranking figures of the
Imperial Japanese military during a celebration of Emperor
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Shirakawa and
Kawabata were killed in the explosion. Nomura, who later served as ambassador to the United States at the time of the Japanese
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The 1921 games were notable for being the first to include female athletes, though their participation was limited to performing group
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potent political symbol of the left after his death, particularly after the establishment of the People's Republic of China under the
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purchased 39 acres of land in Hongkou (formerly romanized as Hongkew) just outside its boundary to use as a shooting range for the
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The park also contains a plum garden, a memorial hall dedicated to Yun Bong-gil, and a bust of the Hungarian revolutionary poet
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in 1949. The party canonized him as a heroic figure, praising his works and quoting him selectively for its own purposes.
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401:). Both parks, despite lying in Chinese territory outside of the International Settlement, were administered by the
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demonstrations with movements mimicking those of modern sports. The closing ceremony was disrupted by six
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349:, some of whose works Lu Xun translated into Chinese. The bust was unveiled by Hungarian Prime Minister
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with an artificial leg and cane. Yun Bong-gil was arrested at the scene, taken to Japan, and executed.
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were held at Hongkou Park in 1915 and 1921, respectively. The 1915 games were a major priority for the
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of 1932, the Japanese military occupied much of Hongkou, and constructed a fortified base for the
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Japanese settlement in Shanghai was predominantly concentrated in the Hongkou area. During the
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near Hongkou Park. When Japan invaded China in 1937, much of the fighting during the opening
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128:
1213:"Shanghai's "Dogs and Chinese Not Admitted" Sign: Legend, History and Contemporary Symbol*"
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46:
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Politics and Literature in Shanghai: The Chinese League of Left-Wing Writers, 1930-1936
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405:, the organization that governed the Settlement on behalf of the foreign community.
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Marrow of the Nation: A History of Sport and Physical Culture in Republican China
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453:, as well as for Chinese media covering the event. Yuan had agreed to Japan's
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294:, who lived nearby in the last years of his life, and is the location of the
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Morris-Suzuki, Tessa; Low, Morris; Petrov, Leonid; Tsu, Timothy Y. (2013).
1117:
1115:
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centered around the Japanese marine headquarters there, and around nearby
647:
in several Chinese cities under their control in 1927. He co-founded the
357:. Lu Xun Park is home to several hundred cherry trees, some of which are
303:
283:
61:
30:
This article is about the park in Shanghai. For the park in Qingdao, see
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668:
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was also established that year, at the site of Lu Xun's former home in
596:, was blinded in his right eye. Mamoru lost a leg; in 1945, as Japan's
412:, performed summer concerts at Hongkou Park and the Public Garden (now
394:
335:
1452:
East Asia Beyond the History Wars: Confronting the Ghosts of Violence
291:
1027:
1025:
1148:"S. Korea honors independence fighter against Japan's colonization"
622:
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511:
466:
376:
366:
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to Shanghai's International Settlement to find refuge after the
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that marked the end of World War II, walking on the deck of the
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Lu Xun Park contains the tomb of Lu Xun, with an inscription by
635:
near the park in the last years of his life, having moved from
286:, China. It is located on 146 East Jiangwan Road, right behind
837:
835:
651:
in 1930 at the Chinese Arts University on nearby Duolun Road.
671:. Lu Xun's tomb is one of the historical and cultural sites
1406:
Rhapsody in Red: How Western Classical Music Became Chinese
881:
879:
561:, government chancellor of Japanese residents in Shanghai;
500:. Hongkou remained under Japanese control until the end of
1502:
World War II: the Encyclopedia of the War Years, 1941-1945
645:
purge of leftist intellectuals and communist party members
472:
who fired a gun outside Hongkou Park and distributed anti-
1523:
Port of Last Resort: The Diaspora Communities of Shanghai
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featuring a bilingual inscription in Chinese and Korean.
1605:
Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Shanghai
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Japanese VIPs at Hongkou Park shortly before the bombing
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163:
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in Shanghai. The park was renamed Lu Xun Park in 1988.
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The Shanghai Municipal Band, the predecessor of the
298:and the Lu Xun Museum. In 1932, Korean nationalist
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381:Early 20th-century postcard depicting Hongkou Park
329:. On either side of the tomb are trees planted by
1276:DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Beijing and Shanghai
1252:Building Shanghai: The Story of China's Gateway
841:
200:
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110:
96:
8:
585:, a Korean independence activist opposed to
353:in 2007 as part of the preparations for the
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385:In 1896, the Bureau of Construction of the
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209:
119:
36:
1499:Polmar, Norman; Allen, Thomas B. (2012).
1004:
900:
1356:Shanghai 1937: Stalingrad on the Yangtze
1094:
852:
850:
769:Stone commemorating the bombing incident
1249:Denison, Edward; Ren, Guang Yu (2013).
1191:
1167:
1106:
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708:
1082:
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1058:
1043:
968:
941:"Cherry Blossom Season in Lu Xun Park"
885:
78:
1403:Melvin, Sheila; Cai, Jindong (2004).
784:Former Residence of Lu Xun (Shanghai)
7:
1179:
577:of the Imperial Japanese Navy; and
1520:Ristaino, Marcia Reynders (2003).
683:The park can be reached by taking
313:, a historic street that is now a
25:
1378:Harper, Damian; Dai, Min (2015).
387:Shanghai International Settlement
762:
750:
741:
729:
720:
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696:Hongkou Football Stadium Station
602:Japanese Instrument of Surrender
72:Hongkou Football Stadium Station
56:
45:
947:. Shanghai Municipal Government
864:. Shanghai Municipal Government
673:protected at the national level
254:
164:
1432:University of California Press
1032:Bickers & Wasserstrom 1995
1017:Bickers & Wasserstrom 1995
993:Bickers & Wasserstrom 1995
443:Far Eastern Championship Games
231:
201:
187:
141:
111:
97:
1:
309:Lu Xun Park is just north of
1482:The Chinese University Press
1304:National Geographic Traveler
1146:Oh, Grace (April 29, 2015).
914:"Hungary catches Expo fever"
598:Minister for Foreign Affairs
546:, commander in chief of the
458:the Hongkou shooting range.
1553:Manchester University Press
1308:National Geographic Society
649:League of Left-Wing Writers
548:Shanghai Expeditionary Army
410:Shanghai Symphony Orchestra
1621:
1474:Pollard, David E. (2002).
1424:Morris, Andrew D. (2004).
1336:Hong Kong University Press
817:31.2728361°N 121.4784250°E
535:
532:Yun Bong-gil Memorial Hall
403:Shanghai Municipal Council
29:
1528:Stanford University Press
1234:10.1017/S0305741000035001
1122:Morris-Suzuki et al. 2013
278:, is a municipal park in
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208:
118:
86:
53:
44:
1477:The True Story of Lu Xun
587:Japanese rule over Korea
391:Shanghai Volunteer Corps
361:trees transplanted from
288:Hongkou Football Stadium
196:Traditional Chinese
106:Traditional Chinese
1545:Wong, Wang-Chi (1991).
1505:. Courier Corporation.
1353:Harmsen, Peter (2013).
1298:Forbes, Andrew (2007).
1209:Wasserstrom, Jeffrey N.
1134:Polmar & Allen 2012
822:31.2728361; 121.4784250
643:government initiated a
182:Simplified Chinese
92:Simplified Chinese
27:Park in Shanghai, China
1381:Lonely Planet Shanghai
981:Denison & Ren 2013
628:
594:attack on Pearl Harbor
571:Imperial Japanese Army
533:
525:
517:
490:Imperial Japanese Navy
382:
276:Hongkou (Hongkew) Park
1409:. Algora Publishing.
1257:John Wiley & Sons
1005:Melvin & Cai 2004
901:Harper & Dai 2015
789:Lu Xun Park (Qingdao)
665:Beijing Lu Xun Museum
626:
538:Hongkou Park Incident
531:
523:
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441:The second and fifth
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68:Public transit access
32:Lu Xun Park (Qingdao)
1331:The Old Shanghai A-Z
1207:Bickers, Robert A.;
627:Lu Xun Memorial Hall
619:Dedication to Lu Xun
1361:Casemate Publishers
1221:The China Quarterly
1194:, pp. 199–207.
1170:, pp. 115–119.
888:, pp. 144–145.
813: /
757:Te Li Ming Teahouse
565:, commander of the
544:Yoshinori Shirakawa
486:January 28 Incident
480:Japanese occupation
1580:Urban public parks
842:DK Eyewitness 2007
629:
575:Kichisaburō Nomura
534:
526:
518:
498:North Sichuan Road
494:Battle of Shanghai
455:Twenty-One Demands
447:Beiyang government
383:
1585:Parks in Shanghai
1562:978-0-7190-2924-0
1537:978-0-8047-5023-3
1512:978-0-486-47962-0
1491:978-962-996-060-5
1466:978-1-136-19226-5
1441:978-0-520-24084-1
1416:978-0-87586-186-9
1395:978-1-74360-530-1
1370:978-1-61200-167-8
1345:978-988-8028-89-4
1317:978-1-4262-0148-6
1290:978-0-7566-4860-2
1266:978-1-118-86754-9
1073:, pp. 25–30.
579:Mamoru Shigemitsu
426:Republic of China
424:, founder of the
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261:
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219:Standard Mandarin
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129:Standard Mandarin
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16:(Redirected from
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858:"General Survey"
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508:Bombing incident
351:Ferenc Gyurcsány
340:ballroom dancing
280:Hongkou District
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920:. June 9, 2007
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160:Romanization
157:Shanghainese
136:Hanyu Pinyin
18:Hongkou Park
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1071:Morris 2004
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1044:Morris 2004
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476:pamphlets.
451:Yuan Shikai
422:Sun Yat-sen
311:Duolun Road
274:, formerly
272:Lu Xun Park
82:Lu Xun Park
40:Lu Xun Park
1574:Categories
1300:"Shanghai"
1201:References
641:Kuomintang
474:capitalist
470:anarchists
331:Zhou Enlai
327:Mao Zedong
1457:Routledge
1242:153322481
1180:Wong 1991
637:Guangzhou
430:Bruce Lee
363:Ueno Park
1328:(2010).
1283:. 2007.
1211:(1995).
778:See also
608:Missouri
467:Hunanese
432:'s film
321:Features
304:Hirohito
284:Shanghai
62:Shanghai
58:Location
1153:May 10,
951:May 12,
924:May 11,
918:Eastday
868:May 10,
702:Gallery
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1557:ISBN
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202:虹口公園
188:虹口公园
112:魯迅公園
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