25:
143:
399:
It is likely that Hoshea, disappointed by the lack of
Egyptian support, endeavored to avert the calamity by resuming the payment of tribute, but that, distrusted, he was forced to fight and was taken prisoner in battle. Though deprived of its ruler, the capital mounted an effective defense. However,
386:
who initially captured
Samaria, despite the latter's claim, late in his reign, that he was its conqueror, was presented by Tadmor, who showed that Sargon had no campaigns in the west in his first two years of reign (722 and 721 BCE).. Therefor 722 is the last possible date for the fall of Samaria,
381:
Eponym Canon shows that
Shalmaneser campaigned "against" (somewhere, name missing) in the years 727, 726, and 725 BCE, and it is presumed that the missing name was Samaria. The Babylonian Chronicle states that Shalmaneser ravaged the city of Sha-ma-ra-in (Samaria). Additional evidence that it was
325:, had attempted to coerce the Judean king into joint action against Assyria. Hoshea, a captain in Pekah's own army, placed himself at the head of the Assyrian party in Samaria; he then removed Pekah by assassination; Tiglath-pileser rewarded Hoshea by making him king over
458:
to the second half of the 8th century BCE on paleographic grounds, and its inscription reads "Belonging to Abdi, servant of Hoshea". If authentic, it is perhaps the only archaeological attestation of Hoshea in an
Israelite inscription found to date.
349:
The amount of tribute exacted from Hoshea is not stated in
Scripture, but Menahem, about ten years previously (743 or 742 BCE) was required to pay 1,000 talents of silver to Tiglath-Pileser in order to "strengthen his hold on the kingdom"
65:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge (XXG).
329:(a name used here for the entire northern kingdom), which had been reduced to smaller dimensions. An undated inscription of Tiglath-Pileser III boasts of making Hoshea king after his predecessor had been overthrown:
373:
also had a share, a last effort was made on the part of the Arabic commercial states to shut out
Assyria from the Arabo-Indian commerce, for which possession of the Mediterranean ports was of vital importance.
408:. The land of Israel—which had resisted the Assyrians for years without a king—again revolted. Sargon II returned with the Assyrian army in 720 BCE and conquered the kingdom, deporting its citizens beyond the
468:
369:, King of Egypt. Probably misled by favorable promises on the part of Egypt, Hoshea discontinued paying tribute. Winckler contends that in this anti-Assyrian movement, in which
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498:
68:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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404:
after a siege of three years. Shalmaneser V died shortly after the city fell, and the
Assyrian army was recalled to assure the succession of
694:
656:
507:
632:
345:) as king over them. I received from them 10 talents of gold, 1,000(?) talents of silver as their bute and brought them to Assyria.
502:, (1st ed.; New York: Macmillan, 1951; 2d ed.; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1965; 3rd ed.; Grand Rapids: Zondervan/Kregel, 1983).
153:
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Hebrew
Knowledge (XXG) article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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442:). What happened to Hoshea following the end of the Kingdom of Israel, and when or where he died, is unknown.
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succeeded, Hoshea made an effort to regain his independence and entered into negotiations with
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Shalmaneser soon interpreted this as rebellious, and directed his armies against
Samaria. The
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Hayim Tadmor, "The
Campaigns of Sargon II of Assur: A Chronological-Historical Study,"
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438:, this destruction occurred "because the children of Israel sinned against the Lord" (
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558:, Part 1, ed. John Boardman et al. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991) 326.
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412:(some 27,290 according to the inscription of Sargon II), and settling people from
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604:"Royal Signature: Name of Israel's Last King Surfaces in a Private Collection"
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So long as Tiglath-pileser was on the throne Hoshea remained loyal; but when
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Assyrian records confirm the Biblical account of how he became king. Under
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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appeared on the antiquities market. The seal has been dated by
554:, "Israel and Judah until the Revolt of Jehu (931–841 BC)" in
542:(3rd ed.; Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 1969) 284.
18:
469:
List of biblical figures identified in extra-biblical sources
540:
Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament
16:
King of the Israelite Kingdom of Israel and son of Elah
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277:) was the nineteenth and last king of the northern
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83:accompanying your translation by providing an
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36:expand this article with text translated from
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8:
1031:List of Jewish leaders in the Land of Israel
313:of Assyria, when the Northern Kingdom under
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499:The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings
387:after a siege of 3 years the Bible gives (
141:
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354:), apparently against Menahem's rival
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450:In the mid-1990s, an unprovenanced
309:, Judah had rendered allegiance to
281:and son of Elah (not the Israelite
251:
14:
391:), and 724 is the earliest date.
333:Israel (lit. : "Omri-house"
163:King of Israel (Northern Kingdom)
289:dated his reign to 732–721
23:
587:12 (1958) 39, cited in Thiele,
297:offered the dates 732–723 BCE.
1052:8th-century BC Kings of Israel
337:)…overthrew their king Pekah (
154:Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum
93:You may also add the template
1:
226:
222:
211:
176:
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95:{{Translated|he|הושע בן אלה}}
585:Journal of Cuneiform Studies
432:17:6, 24). According to the
610:Biblical Archaeology Review
556:Cambridge Ancient History 3
106:Knowledge (XXG):Translation
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118:
57:Machine translation, like
673:Kings of Israel and Judah
663:
538:James B. Pritchard, ed.,
140:
133:
38:the corresponding article
446:Seal of Hoshea's servant
119:Not to be confused with
1010:Antigonus II Mattathias
601:Lemaire, André (1995).
445:
400:the Assyrians captured
341:) and I placed Hoshea (
301:Accession to the throne
104:For more guidance, see
347:
274:
331:
77:copyright attribution
967:(Hasmonean dynasty)
527:Jewish Encyclopedia
311:Tiglath-Pileser III
287:William F. Albright
1062:Dethroned monarchs
1057:Biblical murderers
990:Alexander Jannaeus
852:(southern kingdom)
732:(northern kingdom)
589:Mysterious Numbers
572:Mysterious Numbers
198:Monarchy abolished
85:interlanguage link
1039:
1038:
1026:Jewish leadership
697:(united monarchy)
382:Shalmaneser, not
317:, in league with
279:Kingdom of Israel
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149:Guillaume Rouillé
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395:End of reign
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81:edit summary
72:
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35:
1000:Hyrcanus II
875:Jehoshaphat
810:Jeroboam II
710:Ish-bosheth
617:(6): 48–52.
510:, 134, 217.
476:, possibly
184:Predecessor
1046:Categories
740:Jeroboam I
655:Rulers of
591:165, n. 4.
525:"Hoshea",
484:References
478:Osorkon IV
426:Sepharvaim
335:Bit-Humria
45:(May 2012)
945:Jehoiakim
815:Zechariah
685:Maccabees
410:Euphrates
406:Sargon II
384:Sargon II
283:king Elah
194:Successor
99:talk page
40:in Hebrew
1019:See also
955:Zedekiah
950:Jeconiah
940:Jehoahaz
925:Manasseh
920:Hezekiah
890:Athaliah
860:Rehoboam
830:Pekahiah
800:Jehoahaz
570:Thiele,
463:See also
420:, Avva,
379:Assyrian
343:A-ú -si'
339:Pa-qa-ha
293:, while
264:𒀀𒌑𒋛𒀪
260:Akkadian
252:הוֹשֵׁעַ
75:provide
900:Amaziah
895:Jehoash
885:Ahaziah
880:Jehoram
825:Menahem
820:Shallum
805:Jehoash
790:Jehoram
785:Ahaziah
779:Jezebel
720:Solomon
430:2 Kings
414:Babylon
402:Samaria
327:Ephraim
97:to the
79:in the
42:.
935:Josiah
910:Jotham
905:Uzziah
865:Abijam
840:Hoshea
750:Baasha
730:Israel
695:Israel
506:
422:Hamath
418:Cuthah
267:A'úsiʾ
256:Hōšēaʿ
248:Hebrew
244:Hoshea
234:Father
214:759 BC
179:722 BC
175:732 –
129:Hoshea
965:Judea
850:Judah
835:Pekah
765:Tibni
760:Zimri
745:Nadab
715:David
452:bulla
356:Pekah
319:Rezin
315:Pekah
271:Latin
188:Pekah
169:Reign
121:Hosea
59:DeepL
930:Amon
915:Ahaz
795:Jehu
775:Ahab
770:Omri
755:Elah
705:Saul
574:165.
504:ISBN
424:and
371:Tyre
307:Ahaz
275:Osee
237:Elah
219:Died
208:Born
73:must
71:You
870:Asa
358:.
321:of
291:BCE
285:).
229:36)
151:'s
61:or
1048::
615:21
613:.
607:.
563:^
515:^
474:So
416:,
367:So
273::
269:;
262::
254:,
250::
227:c.
223:c.
212:c.
177:c.
173:c.
781:)
777:(
648:e
641:t
634:v
350:(
246:(
123:.
108:.
101:.
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