515:
20:
142:
A hostage exchange is performed by transferring a piece from one's prison to the opponent's airfield, then selecting and releasing a piece from the opponent's prison and immediately dropping it onto an empty square on the board. The drop completes the turn. The piece transferred must be of equal or
256:
variant. But a variant with two advantages. In the first place, it uses a single chess set, effectively pushing
Chessgi, with its requirement for two sets and the almost inevitable confusion that that causes (have you tried playing it over the board?) into limbo, except perhaps for correspondence
212:
only to a Q, R, B, or N that is available in the opponent's prison. The promoting player selects which piece to release and promote to; the pawn is transferred to the opponent's prison. If the promoted piece is subsequently captured, it retains the type that it had when entering prison.
133:
the freed man back into play on the board onto an open square. The man exchanged for the dropped man is transferred from the player's prison to the opponent's airfield. On any turn, instead of making a normal move, a player can drop a man from his airfield into active play on the board.
62:. Unlike shogi, the piece a player may drop is one of their own pieces previously captured by the opponent. In exchange, the player returns a previously captured enemy piece which the opponent may drop on a future turn. This is the characteristic feature of the game.
124:
to the player's left. There should be a clear boundary between each player's prison and the other player's airfield. Captured men are not removed from the game but are held in the capturer's prison. Instead of making a normal move, a player can perform a
404:
Black cannot take the white queen, because that capture would provide an imprisoned white queen for the white pawn to promote to, thus illegally checking themselves. But Black can threaten the white queen, and does so, while capturing a
499:
Queen for bishop swap. To free their queen from prison, White would have to first capture Black's queen. But White's queen is in Black's prison, and so Black can sacrifice their queen any time, then promptly re-enter it via a hostage
546:
c7+ achieves nothing, as neither the queen nor the rook can be taken, as Black then exchanges hostages and mates on e1. If instead 21.Rxb4, Black has the crushing 21...Qd3, which threatens both (Q-N)N
697:
This is similar to pawn promotion rules in some forms of
European chess as before the rules of chess were standardized in the 19th century: "could only promote to a piece already lost".
35:
f7+ (transferring the black knight in their prison to Black's airfield, then releasing the white bishop from Black's prison and dropping it on f7 with check) to win Black's queen.
163:. (So, any piece can be exchanged to free a pawn; whereas only a queen can be exchanged to free a queen.) A hostage exchange cannot be refused by the opponent.
578:
Four checks (two plain, and a P for P prisoner swap and drop, and a Q for B disadvantageous prisoner swap and drop) chase the white king into the mating trap.
384:
White drops the pawn from their airfield. Black is not in check since White cannot promote, because there is no imprisoned piece to exchange the pawn with.
171:
A drop can occur as part of a hostage exchange, or directly from a player's airfield. The square dropped to must be unoccupied. Additional drop rules:
31:, but in hostage chess the line fails: White wins a knight with 8.Bxd5+, since if Black recaptures 8...Qxd5, White plays the hostage exchange 9.(N-B)B
968:
594:
Checkmate. A black pawn that had been waiting in Black's airfield, parachutes onto a square covered by their queen. The king cannot escape. The end.
2024:
24:
257:
play. And secondly it introduces additional skill elements that are difficult to evaluate, which in my view make the game much more interesting.
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The opponent may not capture a Q, R, B, or N (since to do so would make the pawn eligible to promote, putting the player in self-check).
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For a hostage exchange, (round brackets) contain the man exchanged followed by the man freed from prison and dropped. For example,
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183:. A pawn dropped on the player's 2nd rank inherits the normal two-step move option. A dropped pawn may not be captured
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27:(1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5 d5 5.exd5 Nxd5 6.Nxf7 Kxf7 7.Qf3+ Ke6; see diagram), Black is okay in
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1969:
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Black exchanges hostages and drops their freed pawn onto d4. White now has a pawn in their airfield.
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greater value than the piece released from prison and dropped. The relative piece values are:
58:
pieces are not eliminated from the game but can reenter active play through drops, similar to
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A bishop can be dropped onto the same color square as a friendly bishop already on the board.
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means that a bishop was exchanged to free a knight, and the knight was dropped onto c7.
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819:(Winter 2000). Handscomb, Kerry (ed.). "Hostage Chess Part 1: Introducing the Game".
612:
566:
e3 Qxf1+ wins easily, all of which attest to the extraordinary vitality of the game."
231:
144:
79:
43:
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e3, but after Qd3 there follows 22.Nf3 Qxb1+ 23.Kxd2, when Black again mates, or 21.
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Pawn swap and drop with check to force the white king to capture it and thus move.
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So, if a pawn is on its player's 7th rank with no available piece to promote to:
112:
excepting how captured men are treated. Each player owns reserved spaces off the
65:
Hostage chess has tactical subtlety and "tends to favour the attacker". In 1999,
1974:
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859:(Autumn 2001). Handscomb, Kerry (ed.). "Hostage Chess Part 3: Five Last Games".
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83:(32 and later). It was the "Recognized Variant of the Month" in January 2005 at
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839:(Spring 2001). Handscomb, Kerry (ed.). "Hostage Chess Part 2: More Games".
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called the game "the variant of the decade". It was published in magazines
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20... Qxd5+ 21. Kc1 Na2+ 22. Kc2 (P-P)*b3+ 23. Kb2 (Q-B)B*c3+ 24. Ka3
277:
means that a knight was dropped from the player's airfield onto c7.
1891:
1854:
1736:
513:
59:
28:
18:
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means that a pawn was dropped from the player's airfield onto g5.
53:
1588:
950:
884:
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717:
715:
670:
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616:
issues 32, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 46, 48, 54, 59, 61, and 64
192:
A rook dropped on a rook starting square can be used in
252:
Hostage Chess, for want of a better description, is a
863:. No. 7. Carpe Diem Publishing. pp. 26–28.
843:. No. 5. Carpe Diem Publishing. pp. 19–21.
823:. No. 4. Carpe Diem Publishing. pp. 17–19.
740:(Summer 1999). Beasley, John (ed.). "Hostage Chess".
273:
A drop is indicated by an asterisk (*). For example,
687:"The Chess Variant Pages: Recognized Chess Variants"
344:
The captured pawn is held hostage in Black's prison.
129:
to "rescue" a man held prisoner by the opponent and
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897:which can play against the user or against itself.
790:(2007). "Hostage Chess". In Beasley, John (ed.).
250:
430:10. Nd5 Bb4+ 11. Bd2 Bxd2+ 12. Qxd2 Be6 13. a4
962:
792:The Classified Encyclopedia of Chess Variants
8:
175:A pawn may not be dropped on the 1st or 8th
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435:Moves including checks and a bishop swap.
628:
604:
108:Hostage chess follows all the standard
7:
1406:5D Chess with Multiverse Time Travel
425:Pawn prisoner swap, and a pawn drop.
227:is diagonally in front of the pawn:
936:a simple program by Ed Friedlander
291:in hostage exchanges, for example:
14:
889:, which includes links to a book
794:. John Beasley. pp. 54–55.
489:Knight for bishop swap and drop.
364:Now White also holds a hostage.
248:According to David Pritchard:
2025:Board games introduced in 1997
746:British Chess Variants Society
455:Bishop prisoner swap and drop.
269:is used with some extensions:
120:to the player's right, and an
1:
912:Hostage Chess: Tactical hints
764:(2000). "§13 Hostage Chess".
542:"Or 20.Kd1 Qxd5, and now 21.N
744:. Vol. 4, no. 32.
1574:Chess on a really big board
1455:Chess with different armies
997:Different starting position
923:Hostage Chess: Sample games
349:3. Nc3 e5 4. d5 c6 5. e4 b5
189:immediately after the drop.
2041:
1912:Game of the Seven Kingdoms
1902:Game of the Three Kingdoms
1023:Different number of pieces
479:Bishop for pawn sacrifice.
394:Both sides capture a pawn.
91:
1907:Game of the Three Friends
893:, and a computer program
518:Position after 19...(P-P)
415:The queen escapes danger.
1604:Dekle's triangular chess
1536:Maharajah and the Sepoys
554:c2. White could try 21.N
465:Pawn drop and then swap.
220:The pawn cannot advance.
98:to describe chess moves.
1993:The Chess Variant Pages
1511:Capablanca random chess
1120:Three-dimensional chess
928:The Chess Variant Pages
917:The Chess Variant Pages
906:The Chess Variant Pages
445:Bishop for knight swap.
315:Black: David Pritchard
244:Advantages over Chessgi
230:The pawn does not give
86:The Chess Variant Pages
766:Popular Chess Variants
523:
259:
36:
1480:Pocket mutation chess
1395:Parallel worlds chess
539:Pritchard annotates:
517:
460:15. *c3 dxc3 16. bxc3
22:
1970:Correspondence chess
1014:Transcendental chess
1004:Fischer random chess
1465:Falcon–hunter chess
1348:an unorthodox board
1346:Unorthodox rules on
1235:Monochromatic chess
1095:Millennium 3D chess
440:13... Bxd5 14. exd5
1986:Fairy Chess Review
1711:Three-player chess
1551:Tutti-frutti chess
1433:Standard 8Ă—8 board
1310:Elements of chance
1274:Multimove variants
1215:Knight relay chess
1009:Displacement chess
772:. pp. 83–88.
524:
287:Pawns are notated
223:If the opponent's
96:algebraic notation
94:This article uses
37:
25:Fried Liver Attack
2002:
2001:
1980:Fairy chess piece
1954:Zillions of Games
1927:
1926:
1686:Four-player chess
1627:
1626:
1562:boards and pieces
1470:Grasshopper chess
1415:
1414:
1301:Progressive chess
1291:Marseillais chess
1265:Way of the Knight
1260:Three-check chess
1255:Progressive chess
1133:
1132:
801:978-0-9555168-0-1
770:B.T. Batsford Ltd
389:7... Nxc6 8. Qxd4
267:Standard notation
138:Hostage exchanges
2032:
1767:
1614:Wildebeest chess
1516:Chancellor chess
1506:Capablanca chess
1430:
1327:Knightmare Chess
1205:Extinction chess
1148:
1125:Triangular chess
1104:Los Alamos chess
1044:Unorthodox board
994:
971:
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925:by John Leslie,
914:by John Leslie,
903:by John Leslie,
888:
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885:Official website
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788:Pritchard, D. B.
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762:Pritchard, D. B.
757:
738:Pritchard, David
725:
724:, pp. 84–85
722:Pritchard (2000)
719:
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709:, pp. 54–55
707:Pritchard (1999)
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127:hostage exchange
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1812:Tamerlane chess
1762:
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1706:Three-man chess
1623:
1561:
1555:
1494:Compound pieces
1489:
1475:Musketeer chess
1425:
1424:non-traditional
1423:
1421:
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1281:Avalanche chess
1269:
1175:Checkless chess
1160:Andernach chess
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1115:Spherical chess
1076:Hexagonal chess
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1030:Dunsany's chess
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810:Further reading
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484:17... (N-B)B*b4
450:14... (B-B)B*b4
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1676:Fortress chess
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1666:Enochian chess
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1380:Diplomat chess
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110:rules of chess
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48:John A. Leslie
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29:standard chess
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1572:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1558:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1521:Embassy chess
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
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1401:
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1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1296:Monster chess
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1286:Kung-Fu Chess
1284:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1230:Madrasi chess
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1210:Hostage chess
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
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1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1136:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1110:Rhombic chess
1108:
1105:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1084:Masonic chess
1081:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
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1021:
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1007:
1005:
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1001:
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995:
992:
988:
983:
979:
972:
967:
965:
960:
958:
953:
952:
949:
941:
935:
934:Hostage Chess
932:
930:
929:
924:
921:
919:
918:
913:
910:
908:
907:
902:
901:Hostage Chess
899:
896:
895:HostageMaster
892:
891:Hostage Chess
886:
881:
880:
876:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
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838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
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813:
809:
803:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
779:0-7134-8578-7
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
742:Variant Chess
739:
735:
734:
733:
732:
723:
718:
716:
712:
708:
703:
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694:
691:
688:
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574:
550:c3 and (Q-B)B
541:
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535:
534:
533:
532:
528:
516:
509:
508:
507:
506:
498:
497:
496:
495:
494:18. Qxb4 Nxb4
488:
487:
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478:
477:
476:
475:
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464:
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461:
454:
453:
452:
451:
444:
443:
442:
441:
434:
433:
432:
431:
424:
423:
422:
421:
420:9... (P-P)*d4
414:
413:
412:
411:
403:
402:
401:
400:
393:
392:
391:
390:
383:
382:
381:
380:
373:
372:
371:
370:
369:6... (P-P)*d4
363:
362:
361:
360:
353:
352:
351:
350:
343:
342:
341:
340:
333:
332:
331:
330:
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324:
311:
303:
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279:
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155: =
154:
150:
146:
137:
135:
132:
128:
123:
119:
115:
111:
103:
97:
90:
88:
87:
82:
81:
80:Variant Chess
77:(86–88), and
76:
73:(issue 375),
72:
68:
63:
61:
56:
49:
45:
44:chess variant
41:
40:Hostage chess
30:
26:
21:
16:Chess variant
1991:
1984:
1897:Manchu chess
1807:Short assize
1541:Modern chess
1501:Almost chess
1404:
1250:Portal chess
1245:PlunderChess
1240:Patrol chess
1225:Losing chess
1209:
1200:Dynamo chess
1170:Beirut chess
1165:Atomic chess
1066:Double chess
1051:Balbo's game
926:
915:
904:
894:
890:
860:
857:Leslie, John
840:
837:Leslie, John
820:
817:Leslie, John
791:
765:
741:
731:Bibliography
730:
729:
702:
693:
682:
677:, p. 54
662:, p. 57
655:
650:, p. 87
643:
638:, p. 54
631:
611:
607:
582:
581:
572:
571:
530:
526:
525:
504:
503:
493:
492:
483:
482:
469:
468:
459:
458:
449:
448:
439:
438:
429:
428:
419:
418:
409:
408:
398:
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388:
387:
378:
377:
368:
367:
358:
357:
348:
347:
338:
337:
328:
327:
307:
304:Example game
296:
292:
288:
281:
274:
265:
251:
247:
215:
207:
184:
170:
141:
130:
126:
121:
117:
107:
84:
78:
74:
70:
64:
46:invented by
39:
38:
1975:Fairy chess
1777:Chadarangam
1747:Navia Dratp
1701:Quatrochess
1681:Four Fronts
1633:Multiplayer
1594:Omega Chess
1584:Dragonchess
1569:Chesquerque
1531:Janus Chess
1526:Grand Chess
1422:rules using
1355:Alice chess
1220:Legan chess
1195:Cubic chess
1185:Circe chess
1142:traditional
1080:Cross chess
562:c2 Qd3 22.N
354:Developing.
334:Developing.
322:Casual game
295:. The move
208:A pawn can
75:Eteroscacco
2009:Categories
1787:Chaturanga
1770:Historical
1619:Wolf chess
1560:Unorthodox
1420:Unorthodox
1400:Rollerball
1360:Apocalypse
1332:Kriegspiel
1322:Dice chess
1317:Dark chess
1190:Crazyhouse
1140:rules with
1138:Unorthodox
1071:Grid chess
624:References
529:(diagram)
510:Rook move.
470:16... Bxc3
310:Frank Parr
186:en passant
114:chessboard
104:Game rules
71:Nost-algia
1944:Fairy-Max
1865:Dai shogi
1860:Chu shogi
1782:Chaturaji
1716:Tri-chess
1609:2000 A.D.
1599:Stratomic
1390:Jeson Mor
1385:Dragonfly
1370:Chessence
1337:Penultima
1180:Chessplus
1153:8Ă—8 board
1100:Minichess
869:1492-0492
849:1492-0492
829:1492-0492
754:0958-8248
500:exchange.
399:8... Bxd7
339:2... dxc4
282:(B-N)N*c7
50:in 1997.
1932:Software
1877:Sittuyin
1845:Senterej
1833:variants
1821:Regional
1802:Shatranj
1752:The Duke
1671:Forchess
1641:Bosworth
1485:Cheskers
1445:Berolina
1151:Standard
1035:Handicap
583:24... b4
531:20. Kxd2
474:17. Qxc3
293:(P-P)*g5
262:Notation
194:castling
122:airfield
54:Captured
1963:Related
1882:Xiangqi
1661:Duchess
1440:Baroque
505:19. Rb1
359:6. dxc6
308:White:
254:Chessgi
210:promote
23:In the
1949:XBoard
1939:ChessV
1887:Jungle
1850:Shatar
1840:Makruk
1828:Janggi
1732:Arimaa
1656:Djambi
1450:Chakra
1426:pieces
1144:pieces
867:
847:
827:
798:
776:
752:
410:9. Qd1
379:7. *d7
317:
313:
118:prison
1892:Banqi
1855:Shogi
1763:games
1737:Jetan
1460:Duell
1375:Congo
599:Notes
405:pawn.
232:check
179:ranks
167:Drops
60:shogi
42:is a
1691:Gala
1589:Gess
1365:Chad
982:list
940:Java
865:ISSN
845:ISSN
825:ISSN
796:ISBN
774:ISBN
750:ISSN
275:N*c7
225:king
131:drop
116:: a
588:0–1
522:d2+
297:*g5
89:.
2011::
1082:,
768:.
748:.
714:^
667:^
613:VC
1106:)
1102:(
1086:)
1078:(
984:)
980:(
970:e
963:t
956:v
942:)
938:(
871:.
851:.
831:.
804:.
782:.
756:.
585:#
564:*
560:*
556:*
552:*
548:*
544:*
520:*
472:!
289:P
234:.
196:.
161:P
157:N
153:B
149:R
145:Q
33:*
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