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of 232 ± 10 CE that ejected over 120 km (29 cu mi) of material (also known as
Horomatangi Reef Unit Y eruption) and its linear line of eruption centres, as well as its own namesake Horomatangi, Unit S VEI 6 eruption of about 1460 BCE. Accordingly the reef is perhaps
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to the south. The name
Horomatangi Reefs perhaps better reflects its complex inner and outer structure with the shallow reefs separated by very deep areas, so tends to be used in the geological literature, while the term reef tends to be used geographically.
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centred in the area of the
Horomatangi Reef. From February to October 2022 during a period of volcanic unrest the reef had inflated upwards by a mean of 24 mm (0.94 in) relative to other reference points around Lake TaupÅ. A shallow
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Illsley-Kemp, Finnigan; Barker, Simon J.; Wilson, Colin J. N.; Chamberlain, Calum J.; Hreinsdóttir, Sigrún; Ellis, Susan; Hamling, Ian J.; Savage, Martha K.; Mestel, Eleanor R. H.; Wadsworth, Fabian B. (1 June 2021).
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5.7 earthquake occurred on 30 November 2022 causing a further sudden upwards inflation of 180 mm (7.1 in), being the largest amount of uplift ever recorded to date for the reef.
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within the caldera of another complex volcano. There is one area of 500 m (1,600 ft) diameter dropping to a depth of over 164 m (538 ft) below mean lake level.
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Volcanic features of Lake TaupÅ. Red are active vents in last 2500 odd years. Blue are current active geothermal systems.
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Irwin, J. 1972: Lake Taupo provisional bathymetry. 1:50,000. New
Zealand Oceanographic Institute Chart, Lake Series.
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or water monster of the lake, who is said to reside in a cave adjacent to the nearby
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lava domes extruded after explosive volcanism. The explosive eruptions include the
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512:"Volcanic Activity BulletinTP - 2022/06 Tue Oct 11 2022 3:30 PM; Taupo Volcano"
471:"Volcanic Unrest at TaupÅ Volcano in 2019: Causes, Mechanisms and Implications"
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Most recently about 260 AD, but most significant 232 AD Unit Y (
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The reefs are at a high heat-output geothermal hot spot area within the
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532:"TaupÅ Earthquake Update: Published: Wed Dec 14 2022 12:13 PM"
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Volcanic feature in New
Zealand's North Island Lake Taupo
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The reef is named after HoromÄtangi (Horo-matangi), the
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213:Horomatangi Reef location within New Zealand
448:"Smithsonian Global Volcano Program:Taupo"
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316:"New Zealand Gazetteer: Horomatangi Reef"
285:Recent periods of volcanic unrest of the
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475:Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
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424:Field Guide â Taupo Volcanic Zone
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588:Geothermal areas in New Zealand
204:Horomatangi Reef (North Island)
281:Contemporary volcanic activity
178:Horomatangi Reef (New Zealand)
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384:10.1016/0040-1951(95)00122-0
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289:have been associated with
58:) and 1460 BCE Unit S
24:Horomatangi Reef eruptions
366:Whiteford, P. C. (1996).
224:or reefs is a feature of
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568:Volcanism of New Zealand
207:Show map of North Island
421:Houghton, B.F. (2007).
181:Show map of New Zealand
320:LINZ (Toitū Te Whenua)
149:6 (Unit S), 7 (Unit Y)
260:. This is related to
583:Reefs of New Zealand
563:Landforms of Waikato
488:10.1029/2021GC009803
430:3 March 2016 at the
66:1460 BCE Unit S
558:TaupÅ Volcanic Zone
340:Stout, Sir Robert.
273:best regarded as a
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342:"Lake Taupo"
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103:North Island
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234:New Zealand
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107:New Zealand
74:260 AD
578:Lake TaupÅ
552:Categories
537:2023-03-28
517:2022-10-12
302:References
226:Lake TaupÅ
99:Lake TaupÅ
63:Start date
45:Lake TaupÅ
296:magnitude
262:rhyolitic
428:Archived
426:of the
402:28947829
351:28 March
325:28 March
119:176°00â²E
95:Location
71:End date
453:24 July
407:24 July
393:5613013
252:Geology
241:tÄniwha
116:38°48â²S
41:Volcano
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346:NZTEC
455:2022
409:2022
398:PMID
353:2023
327:2023
220:The
80:Type
51:Date
483:doi
388:PMC
380:doi
376:257
266:VEI
232:of
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