565:
250:
223:
509:
1130:
39:
495:
466:
1002:
579:
481:
537:
452:
523:
230:
551:
919:
1074:
1711:
1563:
1642:
912:
1696:
1067:
316:. However, Hortobágy is much older, with alkalinization estimated to have started ten thousand years ago, when the Tisza first found its way through the
1691:
1035:
1021:
905:
1716:
1556:
928:
335:
in 1999 because of its long cultural history (stretching back more than four millennia), its scenery, and its testimony to traditional methods of
775:
1706:
1701:
1686:
290:
1060:
1129:
842:
222:
1681:
1549:
1572:
890:
140:
52:
38:
1721:
1608:
564:
670:
324:
many streams from their sources in the
Northern Mountains. The formation was finished by grazing animals and wild horses during
46:
1623:
818:
64:
1588:
508:
133:
750:
597:
494:
1618:
1603:
1598:
426:
28:
1368:
1628:
825:
Translated into Danish by
Karsten Thomsen. Lohne: ABU 2004; Århus: Nepenthes, 2005. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
465:
1091:
99:
293:
in 1999. The Hortobágy is
Hungary's largest protected area, and the largest semi-natural grassland in Europe.
1184:
1252:
1001:
249:
1583:
1141:
1353:
1330:
1260:
1413:
985:
578:
514:
500:
378:
325:
317:
1593:
1315:
289:(Great Plain), was designated as a national park in 1973 (the first in Hungary), and elected among the
60:
1500:
1480:
1403:
1270:
1242:
1232:
1083:
1159:
1495:
1358:
1320:
1265:
1237:
1104:
1013:
936:
451:
332:
75:
1348:
1343:
1217:
1212:
1174:
1505:
1475:
1446:
1179:
1119:
354:
of trees shimmering in the reflected heat of the puszta (steppe). Part of the national park is a
265:
1470:
1290:
1280:
1207:
480:
1485:
1114:
839:
536:
1530:
1490:
1431:
1300:
1227:
1154:
991:
956:
886:
622:
570:
522:
472:
417:
are represented by breeding populations. The area is an important stopover site for migrating
402:
355:
343:
177:
1164:
1436:
1285:
1222:
1202:
1149:
1109:
948:
362:
282:
1310:
846:
822:
414:
1525:
1393:
867:
703:
Nomination file for inscription of the Hortobágy
National Park to the World Heritage List
695:
1515:
1378:
705:. Ministry for Environment and Regional Policy, Republic of Hungary. 1999. pp. 4–5
433:
361:
Hortobágy has also had more negative connotations, as a site of forced labor under the
321:
550:
1675:
1459:
1295:
979:
674:
584:
556:
410:
386:
301:
297:
270:
1520:
1465:
967:
1441:
1194:
418:
406:
56:
1510:
1455:
1169:
1052:
897:
815:
952:
645:
336:
305:
1383:
1305:
791:"Flock size measures of migrating Lesser White-fronted Geese Anser erythropus"
528:
401:. It provides habitat for various species including 342 species of birds. The
347:
1657:
1644:
253:
Location of Hortobágy as one of microregions in physical geography of
Hungary
155:
142:
1541:
1099:
1451:
754:
398:
286:
1421:
1388:
1041:
944:
422:
278:
1398:
962:
790:
437:
274:
68:
1338:
1275:
724:
542:
394:
374:
351:
329:
88:
1426:
617:
486:
457:
390:
382:
328:, followed by domesticated animals. The site was inscribed on the
309:
731:. United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization
1545:
1056:
901:
312:
River, allegedly resulting in the soil's current structure and
850:
Zeitschrift des Kölner Zoo 2004. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
1128:
1000:
313:
436:
cattle, one of several attempts to re-create the extinct
816:″Projekt Taurus – En økologisk erstatning for uroksen.″
126:
308:, followed by measures to control the course of the
1412:
1367:
1329:
1251:
1193:
1140:
1090:
1012:
935:
870:
in the UNESCO Collection on Google Arts and
Culture
776:"Hortobágy Forced Labour Camps 1950-1953 (Excerpt)"
200:
192:
184:
175:
132:
122:
114:
106:
94:
84:
74:
45:
27:
840:Naturschutzprojekt Hortobágy – Jahresbericht 2003.
837:Waltraut Zimmermann, Lydia Kolter, Istvan Sandor:
798:Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
696:"Hortobágy National Park, The Hungarian Puszta"
432:Hortobágy is also a center for the breeding of
229:
1557:
1068:
992:Tokaj Wine Region Historic Cultural Landscape
913:
350:dot the landscape, as well as the occasional
8:
19:
1133:Physico-geographical mesoregions of Hungary
1564:
1550:
1542:
1075:
1061:
1053:
986:Millenary Benedictine Abbey of Pannonhalma
920:
906:
898:
18:
1712:Tourist attractions in Hajdú-Bihar County
296:Until recently it was believed that this
1022:Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst
248:
609:
447:
725:"Hortobágy National Park - the Puszta"
646:"Hortobágy National Park - the Puszta"
264:
199:
191:
183:
174:
113:
105:
93:
83:
73:
44:
7:
868:Hortobágy National Park – the Puszta
671:"A Világörökség Bizottság 26. Ülése"
342:One of its most iconic sites is the
1697:Protected areas established in 1973
885:. Helm (A&C Black) London, UK.
751:"Hortobágy National Park (Hungary)"
789:Lengyel S, Tar J, Rózsa L (2012).
14:
729:UNESCO World Heritage Convention
577:
563:
549:
535:
521:
507:
493:
479:
464:
450:
228:
221:
37:
1692:World Heritage Sites in Hungary
1084:Geographical regions of Hungary
929:World Heritage Sites in Hungary
1717:1973 establishments in Hungary
961:Early Christian Necropolis of
346:. Traditional T-shaped sweep
20:Hortobágy National Park - the
1:
1707:Birdwatching sites in Hungary
1702:Historical regions in Hungary
1687:Biosphere reserves of Hungary
753:. darksky.org. Archived from
650:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
988:and its Natural Environment
598:National symbols of Hungary
1738:
427:lesser white-fronted geese
285:. The park, a part of the
30:UNESCO World Heritage Site
1682:National parks of Hungary
1579:
1573:National parks of Hungary
1126:
1092:West-Hungarian Borderland
1030:
998:
625:Sites Information Service
300:steppe was formed by the
216:
212:
208:
171:
36:
262:Hungarian pronunciation:
16:National park in Hungary
1722:Ramsar sites in Hungary
1253:Transdanubian Mountains
1185:Komárom-Esztergom Plain
974:Hortobágy National Park
881:Gorman, Gerard (1996):
304:of huge forests in the
1142:Little Hungarian Plain
1134:
1006:
968:Old Village of Hollókő
814:Margret Bunzel-Drüke:
377:, a grassy plain with
254:
1414:Great Hungarian Plain
1132:
1005:borderFlag of Hungary
1004:
980:Fertő / Neusiedlersee
515:Gentiana pneumonanthe
501:Hungarian Grey cattle
379:Hungarian Grey cattle
318:Great Hungarian Plain
252:
156:47.59444°N 21.15667°E
970:and its Surroundings
883:The Birds of Hungary
291:World Heritage Sites
269:) is an 800 km
266:[ˈhortobaːɟ]
127:http://www.hnp.hu/en
65:Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok
53:Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén
1654: /
1354:Tolna-Baranya Hills
1331:Transdanubian Hills
1261:Keszthely Mountains
953:Buda Castle Quarter
949:Banks of the Danube
333:World Heritage List
238:Location in Hungary
152: /
24:
1316:Visegrád Mountains
1135:
1007:
982:Cultural Landscape
845:2013-12-03 at the
821:2011-10-17 at the
393:tended by mounted
255:
201:Reference no.
161:47.59444; 21.15667
1658:47.600°N 21.100°E
1637:
1636:
1539:
1538:
1404:Zemplén Mountains
1301:Gerecse Mountains
1243:Villány Mountains
1050:
1049:
571:Red-footed falcon
473:Nine-holed Bridge
403:red-footed falcon
356:dark sky preserve
344:Nine-holed Bridge
247:
246:
1729:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1566:
1559:
1552:
1543:
1501:Maros-Körös köze
1321:Vértes Mountains
1110:Sopron Mountains
1105:Kőszeg Mountains
1077:
1070:
1063:
1054:
947:, including the
922:
915:
908:
899:
854:
853:
835:
829:
828:
812:
806:
805:
795:
786:
780:
779:
772:
766:
765:
763:
762:
747:
741:
740:
738:
736:
721:
715:
714:
712:
710:
700:
692:
686:
685:
683:
682:
673:. Archived from
667:
661:
660:
658:
657:
642:
636:
635:
633:
631:
614:
581:
567:
553:
539:
525:
511:
497:
483:
468:
454:
363:communist regime
283:cultural history
268:
263:
232:
231:
225:
167:
166:
164:
163:
162:
157:
153:
150:
149:
148:
145:
115:Buffer zone
41:
31:
25:
1737:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1672:
1671:
1662:
1660:
1656:
1653:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1633:
1589:Balaton Uplands
1575:
1570:
1540:
1535:
1481:Borsodi-Mezőség
1408:
1370:
1369:North Hungarian
1363:
1325:
1311:Pilis Mountains
1271:Balaton Uplands
1247:
1233:Szekszárd Hills
1189:
1136:
1124:
1086:
1081:
1051:
1046:
1026:
1008:
996:
963:Pécs (Sopianae)
957:Andrássy Avenue
931:
926:
896:
877:
875:Further reading
863:
858:
857:
851:
847:Wayback Machine
836:
832:
826:
823:Wayback Machine
813:
809:
793:
788:
787:
783:
774:
773:
769:
760:
758:
749:
748:
744:
734:
732:
723:
722:
718:
708:
706:
698:
694:
693:
689:
680:
678:
669:
668:
664:
655:
653:
644:
643:
639:
629:
627:
616:
615:
611:
606:
594:
587:
582:
573:
568:
559:
554:
545:
540:
531:
526:
517:
512:
503:
498:
489:
484:
475:
469:
460:
455:
446:
415:European roller
373:Hortobágy is a
371:
369:Flora and fauna
261:
243:
242:
241:
240:
239:
235:
234:
233:
180:
160:
158:
154:
151:
146:
143:
141:
139:
138:
80:Cultural: iv, v
29:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1735:
1733:
1725:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1674:
1673:
1663:47.600; 21.100
1635:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1561:
1554:
1546:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1418:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1375:
1373:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1335:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1257:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1199:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1160:Neusiedl Basin
1157:
1152:
1146:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1096:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1072:
1065:
1057:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1038:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1024:
1018:
1016:
1010:
1009:
999:
997:
995:
994:
989:
983:
977:
971:
965:
959:
941:
939:
933:
932:
927:
925:
924:
917:
910:
902:
895:
894:
878:
876:
873:
872:
871:
862:
861:External links
859:
856:
855:
830:
807:
781:
767:
742:
716:
687:
662:
637:
608:
607:
605:
602:
601:
600:
593:
590:
589:
588:
583:
576:
574:
569:
562:
560:
555:
548:
546:
541:
534:
532:
527:
520:
518:
513:
506:
504:
499:
492:
490:
485:
478:
476:
470:
463:
461:
458:Herds of sheep
456:
449:
445:
442:
370:
367:
245:
244:
237:
236:
227:
226:
220:
219:
218:
217:
214:
213:
210:
209:
206:
205:
202:
198:
197:
194:
190:
189:
186:
182:
181:
178:Ramsar Wetland
176:
173:
172:
169:
168:
136:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
116:
112:
111:
108:
104:
103:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
78:
72:
71:
49:
43:
42:
34:
33:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1734:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1670:
1667:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1567:
1562:
1560:
1555:
1553:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1496:Szatmár Plain
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1366:
1360:
1359:Balaton Basin
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1296:Velence Hills
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1266:Tapolca Basin
1264:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1250:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1238:Baranya Hills
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1131:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1078:
1073:
1071:
1066:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1043:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1011:
1003:
993:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
964:
960:
958:
954:
950:
946:
943:
942:
940:
938:
934:
930:
923:
918:
916:
911:
909:
904:
903:
900:
892:
891:0-7136-4235-1
888:
884:
880:
879:
874:
869:
865:
864:
860:
849:
848:
844:
841:
834:
831:
824:
820:
817:
811:
808:
803:
799:
792:
785:
782:
777:
771:
768:
757:on 2016-10-12
756:
752:
746:
743:
730:
726:
720:
717:
704:
697:
691:
688:
677:on 2007-12-09
676:
672:
666:
663:
651:
647:
641:
638:
626:
624:
619:
613:
610:
603:
599:
596:
595:
591:
586:
585:Water buffalo
580:
575:
572:
566:
561:
558:
557:Great bustard
552:
547:
544:
538:
533:
530:
524:
519:
516:
510:
505:
502:
496:
491:
488:
482:
477:
474:
467:
462:
459:
453:
448:
443:
441:
439:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
419:common cranes
416:
412:
411:great bustard
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
387:water buffalo
384:
380:
376:
368:
366:
364:
359:
357:
353:
349:
345:
340:
338:
334:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
302:clear cutting
299:
294:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
271:national park
267:
259:
251:
224:
215:
211:
207:
203:
196:11 April 1979
195:
187:
185:Official name
179:
170:
165:
137:
135:
131:
128:
125:
121:
117:
109:
101:
97:
90:
87:
79:
77:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
48:
40:
35:
32:
26:
23:
1639:
1613:
1609:Fertő-Hanság
1604:Danube-Ipoly
1599:Danube-Drava
1349:Inner Somogy
1344:Outer Somogy
1218:Outer Somogy
1213:Inner Somogy
1195:Transdanubia
1175:Marcal Basin
1040:Shared with
1034:Shared with
976:- the Puszta
973:
882:
866:Explore the
838:
833:
810:
801:
797:
784:
770:
759:. Retrieved
755:the original
745:
733:. Retrieved
728:
719:
707:. Retrieved
702:
690:
679:. Retrieved
675:the original
665:
654:. Retrieved
649:
640:
628:. Retrieved
621:
612:
431:
407:stone curlew
372:
360:
341:
295:
277:, rich with
257:
256:
51:Counties of
21:
1661: /
1624:Körös-Maros
1506:Körös-vidék
1476:Heves Plain
1447:Drávamellék
1180:Moson Plain
1120:Balfi Hills
852:(in German)
827:(in Danish)
618:"Hortobágy"
487:Racka sheep
337:pastoralism
326:the Ice Age
322:cutting off
306:Middle Ages
273:in eastern
159: /
134:Coordinates
98:1999 (23rd
95:Inscription
61:Hajdú-Bihar
1676:Categories
1471:Pest Plain
1460:Nagykunság
1306:Buda Hills
1291:Vértesalja
1281:Bakonyalja
1208:Zala Hills
804:: 297–303.
761:2016-10-18
681:2007-12-08
656:2010-06-21
604:References
529:Lake Tisza
193:Designated
144:47°35′40″N
118:199,380 ha
1619:Kiskunság
1614:Hortobágy
1526:Tiszántúl
1511:Hortobágy
1486:Bodrogköz
1456:Kiskunság
1394:Mátralába
1371:Mountains
1170:Szigetköz
1115:Vas Hills
1100:Alpokalja
423:dotterels
258:Hortobágy
188:Hortobágy
147:21°9′24″E
110:74,820 ha
85:Reference
1584:Aggtelek
1531:Tiszazug
1516:Hajdúság
1491:Tiszahát
1432:Mezőföld
1379:Börzsöny
1228:Völgység
1155:Fertőzug
1042:Slovakia
945:Budapest
937:Cultural
843:Archived
819:Archived
735:30 April
709:30 April
652:. UNESCO
630:25 April
592:See also
395:herdsmen
298:alkaline
279:folklore
76:Criteria
47:Location
1649:21°06′E
1646:47°36′N
1521:Nyírség
1466:Jászság
1384:Cserhát
1203:Baranya
1165:Rábaköz
1036:Austria
1014:Natural
444:Gallery
438:aurochs
397:called
275:Hungary
123:Website
100:Session
69:Hungary
1452:Kunság
1442:Sárköz
1437:Sárrét
1422:Bácska
1339:Mecsek
1286:Sokoró
1276:Bakony
1223:Zselic
1150:Hanság
951:, the
889:
623:Ramsar
543:Salvia
434:Taurus
425:, and
399:Csikós
391:horses
389:, and
375:steppe
352:mirage
330:UNESCO
287:Alföld
22:Puszta
1629:Őrség
1427:Bánát
1389:Mátra
794:(PDF)
699:(PDF)
383:racka
348:wells
310:Tisza
57:Heves
1594:Bükk
1399:Bükk
955:and
887:ISBN
737:2023
711:2023
632:2018
471:The
413:and
281:and
107:Area
63:and
204:189
89:474
1678::
1458:,
802:58
800:.
796:.
727:.
701:.
648:.
620:.
440:.
429:.
421:,
409:,
405:,
385:,
381:,
365:.
358:.
339:.
320:,
314:pH
67:,
59:,
55:,
1565:e
1558:t
1551:v
1462:)
1454:(
1076:e
1069:t
1062:v
921:e
914:t
907:v
893:.
778:.
764:.
739:.
713:.
684:.
659:.
634:.
260:(
102:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.