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housing, renewing existing living areas, decreasing density and the construction of sustainable communities. In order to deflect accusations of socialism and to protect private developers from competition, the act required the demolition of the same number of units of housing as would be built. Furthermore, it severely restricted the income of people who could reside in the new housing. It also limited the amount that could be spent to build the housing to $ 5000 per unit, which was very low even at that time. These construction projects were carried out by local housing authorities with the federal government providing the funding. Between 1939 and 1943, 160,000 units were constructed. Only 10,000 more units were constructed by 1948.
29:
225:
292:
While the
Housing Act of 1937 looked to solve American housing issues, it became marred by inequalities and problems. The main problem that rose from the legislation was the power given to the local governments. The Federal government let the local governments and voters decided on where and how to
283:
The
Housing Act of 1937 sought to eliminate what President Franklin Delano Roosevelt described as "habitations which not only fail to provide the physical benefits of modern civilization but breed disease and impair the health of future generations." The legislation outlined four goals: providing
39:
An Act to provide financial assistance to the States and political subdivisions thereof for the elimination of unsafe and insanitary housing conditions, for the eradication of slums, for the provision of decent, safe, and sanitary dwellings for families of low income, and for the reduction of
369:. This limited funding for the construction or operation of all units to the total number of units as of October 1, 1999. This requires public housing agencies to remove or consolidate existing units in order to receive funding for construction of any new units.
364:
Program. The law specifies that at least 75% of a public housing agency's
Housing Choice Vouchers be given to families making at or below 30% of the area median income. The act effectively capped the number of public housing units by creating the
126:
130:
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model for
Section 8, and expanded the HOPE VI program to replace traditional public housing units. The QHWRA combined Section 8's Existing Housing Certificate Program and Rental Voucher Program into the new
1176:
378:
322:
321:
programs. In 1965, the Public
Housing Administration, the U.S. Housing Authority, and the House and Home Financing Agency were all swept into the newly formed and reorganized
1254:
1349:
689:"Guidance on Complying With the Maximum Number of Units Eligible for Operating Subsidy Pursuant to Section 9(g)(3)(A) of the Housing Act of 1937 (aka the Faircloth Limit)"
293:
use the federal funding. This led to local governments maintaining segregationist housing policies as well as allowing many public housing locations to become neglected.
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Heathcott, Joseph. "The strange career of public housing: Policy, planning, and the
American metropolis in the twentieth century."
1140:
1054:
723:
Clement, Bell. "Wagner-Steagall and the DC Alley
Dwelling Authority: A Bid for Housing-Centered Urban Redevelopment, 1934–1946."
112:
984:
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Allen, Ryan, and David Van Riper. "The new deal, the deserving poor, and the first public housing residents in New York City."
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unemployment and the stimulation of business activity, to create a United States
Housing Authority, and for other purposes.
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615:"United States Housing Act of 1937 as Amended by the Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act of 1998 as of 3/2/19991"
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Although initially controversial, it gained acceptance and provisions of the Act have remained, but in amended form.
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648:"Income Targeting of Housing Vouchers: What Happened After the Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act?"
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253:. Both the 1934 Act and the 1937 Act were influenced by American housing reformers of the period, with
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administration set new postwar national goals for decent living environments; it also funded "
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351:(QHWRA) was passed by Congress and signed by President Bill Clinton. Following the frame of
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355:, QHWRA developed new programs to transition families out of public housing, developed a
261:, the agency created by the 1937 Act to control the payment of subsidies, for two years.
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chief among them. Bauer drafted much of this legislation and served as a
Director in the
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763:“Reclaiming Public Housing: A Half Century of Struggle in Three Public Neighborhoods”
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218:, provided for subsidies to be paid from the United States federal government to
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Federal
Housing Administrator Stewart McDonald (right) discusses with Senator
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214:), formally the "United States Housing Act of 1937" and sometimes called the
336:, which, among other provisions, amended the Housing Act of 1937 to create
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456:
756:"From the Puritans to the Projects: Public Housing and Public Neighbors"
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588:
780:, "Modern Housing," (Boston, New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1934).
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207:
89:
818:
408:
1326:
1311:
224:
749:"Modern Housing for America: Policy Struggles in the New Deal Era
694:. United States Department of Housing and Urban Development. n.d
827:
768:
von Hoffman, Alexander. "The lost history of urban renewal."
222:(LHAs) to improve living conditions for low-income families.
620:. U.S. House Committee on Financial Services. Archived from
411:. Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum. n.d
379:
Mobile Home Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974
323:
United States Department of Housing and Urban Development
655:
Cityscape: A Journal of Policy Development and Research
483:"Public Housing Construction and the Cities: 1937–1967"
436:. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. n.d
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95:
76:
68:
63:
55:
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739:“Was the 1937 U.S. Housing Act a Pyrrhic Victory?”
191:
765:(Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard Press, 2002).
758:(Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard Press, 2000).
591:. National Institute of Building Sciences. n.d.
462:. Congressional Research Service. 7-5700; R41654
751:" (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996).
264:The sponsoring legislators were Representative
839:
330:Housing and Community Development Act of 1974
8:
732:Journal of the American Planning Association
725:Journal of the American Planning Association
528:. Fair Housing Center of Greater Boston. n.d
162:on August 20, 1937 (Agreed) and by the
21:
349:Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act
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832:
824:
156:Reported by the joint conference committee
1350:United States federal housing legislation
526:"1937: Housing Act (Wagner-Steagall Act)"
501:
400:
384:Subsidized housing in the United States
342:National Institute of Building Sciences
481:McDonald, John F. (November 1, 2011).
20:
7:
595:from the original on October 5, 2009
431:"US Housing Act of 1937, As Amended"
1355:Public housing in the United States
455:McCarty, Maggie (January 3, 2014).
317:projects and created many national
268:, Democrat of Alabama, and Senator
233:, author of The Wagner Housing Act
196:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
14:
804:United States Housing Act of 1937
107:in the Senate as S. 1685 by
16:Act of the United States Congress
457:"Introduction to Public Housing"
166:on August 21, 1937 (Agreed)
27:
819:Statute Compilations collection
791:As codified in 42 USC chapter 8
259:United States Housing Authority
243:U.S. Department of the Interior
239:United States Housing Authority
251:Federal Housing Administration
1:
409:"FDR and Housing Legislation"
220:local public housing agencies
855:Housing in the United States
247:National Housing Act of 1934
1360:75th United States Congress
742:Journal of Planning History
131:Senate Banking and Currency
50:75th United States Congress
1376:
646:Dawkins, Casey J. (2007).
127:Senate Education and Labor
744:4, no. 3 (2005): 195–221.
334:United States federal law
148:on August 18, 1937 (
100:
26:
1141:Northern Mariana Islands
778:Wurster, Catherine Bauer
548:"A Brief History of HUD"
272:, Democrat of New York.
245:. The act builds on the
138:on August 6, 1937 (
362:Housing Choice Vouchers
255:Catherine Bauer Wurster
123:Committee consideration
1307:Missing middle housing
1221:Housing discrimination
1202:San Francisco Bay Area
718:Social Science History
490:Urban Studies Research
234:
160:agreed to by the House
857:by state or territory
772:1.3 (2008): 281–301.
734:78.4 (2012): 360–375.
727:78.4 (2012): 434–448.
627:on September 27, 2018
305:, enacted during the
228:
174:Franklin D. Roosevelt
1322:Single-family zoning
720:44.1 (2020): 91–115.
249:, which created the
237:The act created the
176:on September 1, 1937
158:on August 19, 1937;
1151:U.S. Virgin Islands
770:Journal of Urbanism
761:Vale, Lawrence J.,
754:Vale, Lawrence J.,
737:Hunt, Bradford D.,
503:10.1155/2011/985264
303:Housing Act of 1949
216:Wagner–Steagall Act
187:Housing Act of 1937
96:Legislative history
23:
22:Housing Act of 1937
1282:Subsidized housing
1226:Housing insecurity
795:United States Code
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119:) on July 23, 1937
1337:
1336:
1250:Mortgage industry
338:Section 8 housing
266:Henry B. Steagall
212:September 1, 1937
183:
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136:Passed the Senate
79:Statutes at Large
59:September 1, 1937
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1317:Parking mandates
1270:Right to housing
1156:Washington, D.C.
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806:as amended (
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696:. Retrieved
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661:(3): 69–94.
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629:. Retrieved
622:the original
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552:HUD Archives
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900:Connecticut
698:January 10,
599:January 10,
589:"Our Story"
466:January 10,
440:January 10,
241:within the
1344:Categories
1231:California
1197:California
1124:Non-states
1100:Washington
1020:New Mexico
1015:New Jersey
890:California
532:August 21,
415:August 21,
395:References
313:" and the
210:, enacted
202:, 50
105:Introduced
69:Public law
36:Long title
1297:Squatting
1110:Wisconsin
1075:Tennessee
980:Minnesota
955:Louisiana
814:) in the
667:1936-007X
631:March 29,
557:April 10,
514:. 985264.
512:2090-4185
64:Citations
56:Effective
1209:Colorado
1182:Eviction
1095:Virginia
1045:Oklahoma
1025:New York
1000:Nebraska
990:Missouri
975:Michigan
965:Maryland
950:Kentucky
930:Illinois
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895:Colorado
885:Arkansas
675:20868632
593:Archived
571:88
496:: 1–12.
373:See also
325:(HUD).
288:Outcomes
84:50
1214:Florida
1177:Economy
1115:Wyoming
1090:Vermont
995:Montana
935:Indiana
915:Georgia
910:Florida
880:Arizona
870:Alabama
812:details
793:of the
279:Actions
192:Pub. L.
1302:Zoning
1287:Racism
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1312:NIMBY
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925:Idaho
797:from
692:(PDF)
671:JSTOR
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573:Stat.
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460:(PDF)
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204:Stat.
140:64-16
86:Stat.
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1085:Utah
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700:2023
663:ISSN
633:2020
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468:2023
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