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minimum, it also includes many species not found in North
America, especially among birds, fishes, amphibians, mammals, bacteria, many reptiles, several plant groups, and many invertebrate animal groups. Data presented in ITIS are considered public information, and may be freely distributed and copied, though appropriate citation is requested. ITIS is frequently used as the
42:
142:, a checklist and index of the world's species. The Catalogue of Life's goal was to complete the global checklist of 1.9 million species by 2011. As of May 2012, the Catalogue of Life has reached 1.4 million species—a major milestone in its quest to complete the first up-to-date comprehensive catalogue of all living organisms.
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of scientific and common names for species. As of May 2016, it contains over 839,000 scientific names, synonyms, and common names for terrestrial, marine, and freshwater taxa from all biological kingdoms (animals, plants, fungi, and microbes). While the system does focus on North
American species at
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Biological taxonomy is not fixed, and opinions about the correct status of taxa at all levels, and their correct placement, are constantly revised as a result of new research. Many aspects of classification remain a matter of scientific judgment. The ITIS database is updated to take account of new
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ITIS couples each scientific name with a stable and unique taxonomic serial number (TSN) as the "common denominator" for accessing information on such issues as invasive species, declining amphibians, migratory birds, fishery stocks, pollinators, agricultural pests, and emerging diseases. It
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Building on efforts by
Richard Swartz, Marvin Wass, and Donald Boesch in 1972 to establish an "intelligent" numeric coding system for taxonomy, the first edition of the NODC Taxonomic Code was published in 1977. Hard copy editions were published until 1984. Subsequent editions were published
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presents the names in a standard classification that contains author, date, distributional, and bibliographic information related to the names. In addition, common names are available through ITIS in the major official languages of the
Americas (
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Records within ITIS include information about how far it has been possible to check and verify them. Its information should be checked against other sources where these are available, and against the primary research
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digitally until 1996. 1996 marked the release of NODC version 8, which served as a bridge to ITIS, which abandoned "intelligent" numeric codes in favor of more stable, but "un-intelligent" Taxonomic Serial
Numbers.
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facility in Denver. The primary focus of ITIS is North
American species, but many biological groups exist worldwide and ITIS collaborates with other agencies to increase its global coverage.
169:(NOAA). The newer material has been checked to higher standards of taxonomic credibility, and over half of the original material has been checked and improved to the same standard.
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Of the ~714,000 (May 2016) scientific names in the current database, approximately 210,000 were inherited from the database formerly maintained by the
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government agencies participating. The database draws from a large community of taxonomic experts. Primary content staff are housed at the
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Coote, Lonny D; et al. (February 2008). "Monitoring
International Wildlife Trade with Coded Species Data".
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437:"A Taxonomic Search Engine: Federating taxonomic databases using web services"
488:"Towards a collaborative, global infrastructure for biodiversity assessment"
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Authoritative taxonomic information on plants, animals, fungi, and microbes
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65:. ITIS was originally formed in 1996 as an interagency group within the
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Mexico
Interface: Sistema Integrado de Información Taxonómica (SIIT*MX)
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initiative announced May 2007. EOL will be built largely on various
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Canada
Interface: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS*CA)
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30:"ITIS" redirects here. For the transport information system, see
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Comisión
Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad
599:"Leading Scientists Announce Creation Of Encyclopedia Of Life"
367:. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Archived from
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International organizations based in the United States
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573:"About the Catalog of Life: 2012 Annual Checklist"
673:– Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
579:. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
486:Guralnick, R. P.; et al. (September 2007).
211:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
167:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
145:ITIS and the Catalogue of Life are core to the
544:"One Million Species Catalogue of Life launch"
79:Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
236:United States Environmental Protection Agency
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395:"Data Development History and Data Quality"
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397:. Integrated Taxonomic Information System
365:"Integrated Taxonomic Information System"
295:. Integrated Taxonomic Information System
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246:United States Fish and Wildlife Service
231:United States Department of Agriculture
51:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
32:Integrated Transport Information System
622:"Terms of Use - Encyclopedia of Life"
93:ITIS provides an automated reference
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645:. National Oceanographic Data Center
138:, cooperate to annually produce the
134:ITIS and its international partner,
293:"ITIS Memorandum of Understanding"
182:research as it becomes available.
163:National Oceanographic Data Center
81:and IT services are provided by a
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713:Organizations established in 1996
698:Taxonomy (biology) organizations
512:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01063.x
335:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00857.x
273:World Register of Marine Species
200:Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
241:United States Geological Survey
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435:Page, D. M. R. (2005-04-09).
550:. 2007-03-29. Archived from
102:source of taxonomic data in
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708:Online taxonomy databases
104:biodiversity informatics
226:Smithsonian Institution
723:Biodiversity databases
454:10.1186/1471-2105-6-48
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34:. For other uses, see
643:"NODC Taxonomic Code"
548:University of Reading
216:National Park Service
188:scientific literature
67:US federal government
45:Official logo of ITIS
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626:Encyclopedia of Life
315:Conservation Biology
258:Encyclopedia of Life
147:Encyclopedia of Life
83:US Geological Survey
504:2007EcolL..10..663G
327:2008ConBi..22....4.
609:Harvard University
441:BMC Bioinformatics
89:Reference database
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546:(Press release).
165:(NODC) of the US
140:Catalogue of Life
130:Catalogue of Life
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401:2016-05-30
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321:(1): 4–7.
299:2008-04-04
279:References
153:licenses.
124:Portuguese
106:projects.
263:PlantList
207:(CONABIO)
177:Standards
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473:15757517
343:18254847
252:See also
100:de facto
95:database
71:Canadian
59:taxonomy
18:Itis.gov
521:2040220
500:Bibcode
351:2782054
323:Bibcode
120:Spanish
112:English
75:Mexican
63:species
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347:S2CID
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73:and
55:ITIS
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