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119:
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60:
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The
Japanese are first recorded reaching Iturup in 1661, when Shichirobei and his company drifted there by accident. Following Bering and Spanberg's voyages under the Russian flag, a settlement was established in the late 18th century, prompting the Japanese to establish a garrison around 1800 at the
696:
In conclusion, several studies suggest that explosive volcanism in the middle Late
Holocene significantly affected the morphotectonic plan of the Vetrovoy Isthmus area, possibly contributing to the obstruction of the strait. The rise of the terrace surface during the middle Holocene may be related to
688:
Fieldwork conducted in 2017-2018 on the
Vetrovoy isthmus revealed volcanic-tectonic dislocations with a layer of beach material, suggesting the occurrence of at least two pyroclastic outbursts in the mid-Late Holocene. Georadar surveys complemented the manual drilling results, providing insights into
692:
The deposits of the
Vetrovoy Isthmus include volcanic-tectonic dislocations, pumice pyroclastics, aeolian-ash deposits and soil-tephra formations. The morphometric parameters of the basement terrace indicate an area elevation rate during the last phase of coastal marine accumulation that could reach
680:
A study by Afanas'ev et al. focuses on examining the existence of the strait separating the southern and northern parts of Iturup Island in the mid-late
Holocene from the perspective of coastal geomorphology. Late Pleistocene explosive volcanism is considered to have been more intense and prolonged
684:
The stratigraphy, genesis and chronology of the
Holocene deposits on Iturup Island are poorly studied, relying primarily on C14 dates from Kasatka Bay and Olga Bay. Three transgressive phases of sedimentation, comparable to the Atlantic, Subboreal and Sub-Atlantic periods, with a maximum sea level
676:
The formation of the subaerial
Vetrovoy isthmus is attributed to the accumulation of such material during powerful explosive caldera-forming eruptions in the shallow strait between neighbouring islands. The present geomorphological appearance of the isthmus is a consequence of subsequent wave and
672:
The development of the Kuril Island arc was significantly influenced by extensive caldera-forming volcanic eruptions during the Late Neo-Pleistocene-Holocene, which introduced large amounts of pumice-pyroclastic material and tephra into the wave processing zone. On Iturup Island, the formation of
1250:
Bazanova L I, Melekestsev I V, Ponomareva V V, Dirksen O V, Dirksen V G et al 2016 Late
Pleistocene and Holocene volcanic catastrophes in Kamchatka and in the Kuril Islands. Part 1. Types and classes of catastrophic eruptions as major components of volcanic catastrophism J. of volcanology and
697:
these volcanic events. The rate of uplift of the area during the last phase of coastal marine accumulation is thought to have been about 4 mm/year. However, there are currently no data on the age of the marine georadar facies identified as a result of research on the
Vetrovoy isthmus.
971:
aircraft. It also has a military use. The
Burevestnik military airfield 60 km (37 mi) to the south, in the past received civilian aircraft as well, but was often closed because of fog. Burevestnik is now a reserve airfield for the new airport. On February 2, 2018,
1054:
681:
than Early Holocene events, leading to the formation of pumice deposits in the Prostor Gulf of Iturup Island. Radiocarbon dating of the peat bog underlying the pumice-pyroclastic cover in the Vetrovoy Isthmus suggests events around 38,000-39,000 years ago.
902:. The Japanese inhabitants were expelled to mainland Japan. In 1956 the two countries agreed to restore diplomatic relations, but a peace treaty, as of 2024, has not been concluded due to the disputed status of Iturup and some other nearby islands.
882:, before 1945. It was the administrative capital of the Kuril islands. There was a village hospital, an Etorofu Fisheries factory, a radio tower of the post office with a radio receiving antenna. The receiver was battery-powered.
1231:
Afanas'ev V V, Dunaev N N, Gorbunov A O and Uba A V 2018 Manifestation of Calderaforming volcanism in the formation of the sea coast (on the example of Iturup island of the Large Kuril Arc) J. Processes in geoenvironments 3. 16
2262:
967:
miles) east of Kurilsk. It was the first airport built from scratch in Russia's post-Soviet history. It has a 2.3-kilometre-long (7,500 ft), 42-metre-wide (138 ft) runway and can receive
480:
occupied the southern Kurils and forcibly removed its Japanese residents. Japan continues to claim the islands and considers the northern edge of the island to be its own northernmost point.
826:) still continued to appear on European maps for decades afterward, however, and is now sometimes specifically conflated with Iturup despite its placement on most maps more closely matching
1260:
Korotky A M et al. 2000 Sedimentation and paleolandscapes of the late Pleistocene-Holocene of the basin of the Kurilka river (Iturup island, Kuril Islands) J. Pacific Geology 5. 19 61-77.
2200:
88:
1241:
Afanas'ev, V. V., et al. "Vetrovoy isthmus of Iturup island-holocene strait". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Sciences. Vol. 324. No. 1. IOP Publishing, 2019.
2284:
472:
passed the area over the years but settlement varied between Russian and Japanese. The island was formally claimed as Japanese territory in 1855. Near the end of the
1664:
1458:
1042:
1278:
Bulgakov R F 1994 History of the southern islands of the Great Kuril Arc in the Pleistocene: autoref. Diss. of candidate of geogr. Sciences (Moscow: MSU) p 20.
1169:
Korzhinsky, M.A.; Tkachenko, S. I.; Shmulovich, K. I.; Taran, Y. A.; Steinberg, G. S. (5 May 2004). "Discovery of a pure rhenium mineral at Kudriavy volcano".
2729:
1070:
2714:
673:
four large collapse calderas during the Late Neo-Pleistocene-Holocene resulted in the release of about 450 km of predominantly dacite pyroclastics.
980:
aircraft landed on a reserve airfield on the island in March 2018 and Su-35s were then deployed to Iturup airport on a trial basis in August 2018.
1706:
1287:
Razzhigaeva N G and Ganzey L A 2006 Depositional environments of the island territories in the Pleistocene-Holocene (Vladivostok: Dalnauka) р 365.
1269:
Razzhigaeva N G and Ganzey L A 2006 Depositional environments of the island territories in the Pleistocene-Holocene (Vladivostok: Dalnauka) р 365.
2709:
784:, Iturup is sometimes said to have been the particular island intended in his account, but in fact his description of an enormous continental
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1064:). There is a village hospital in the front, a factory in the left back with a fishery and a central radio tower (before 1945).
2168:
575:(1,634 m) in the central part of Iturup. The shores of the island are high and abrupt. The vegetation mostly consists of
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rise of up to 3.5 metres above the present level in the Atlantic, have been identified at the mouth of the Kurilka River.
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437:, is located roughly midway along its western shore. Iturup is the largest and northernmost of the southern Kurils,
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was intercepted over the Kurils and forced to land at Burevestnik with 214 American troops bound for
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159:
2055:
1213:
Melekestsev I V et al. 2005 The newest and modern volcanism in Russia (Moscow: Nauka) p. 604.
693:
4 mm/year, slightly higher than the 3.5 m/year recorded during the last 6000 thousand years.
461:
between Iturup and Urup forms the Miyabe Line dividing the predominant plants of the Kurils.
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site of present-day Kurilsk. Japanese rule over Iturup was formally recognized in the 1855
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2005:
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984:
875:
819:
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548:
303:
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aeolian pyroclastic processing, leading to the formation of marine and lagoon terraces.
2483:
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2423:
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1975:
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1395:, vol. 38, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 87–231 & 233–268,
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44:
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volcano and first described in 2004. In the field it was originally mistaken for
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A history of geographical discovery in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
1339:
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The native inhabitants of the islands since at least the 14th century were the
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2523:
2473:
2070:
2015:
1955:
1885:
1875:
1809:
1794:
754:
607:
571:
volcanoes running NE to SW form the backbone of the island, the highest being
64:
534:, "Iturup Island"). Both the Russian and Japanese names come from the native
205:
192:
17:
2010:
1995:
1930:
868:(now called Kasatka Bay), on the eastern shore of Iturup, and sailed for an
827:
748:
New and Accurate Description of Japan, the Land of Eso, and Adjacent Islands
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450:
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reported that Russia announced it was sending fighter planes to Iturup.
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2020:
1910:
1839:
1824:
1819:
1369:(in French), vol. 7, Paris: Librairie Hachette & Co., p.
1222:
Korsunskaya G V 1958 The Kurile Island Arc (Moscow: Geographgis) p 224.
930:
645:
642:
430:
1585:"Japan Asks Russia to Reduce Militarization of Disputed Kuril Islands"
74:
2518:
2468:
2388:
2295:
2065:
1925:
1905:
1759:
1192:
762:
are first recorded visiting this part of the Kurils in 1643 when the
604:
576:
572:
560:
446:
414:
289:
267:
1076:
Rheniite crystals on a base of hardened lava, from Kudriavy Volcano
921:), is located on the island and was until 1993 home to a number of
2438:
2302:
1965:
1920:
1774:
845:
800:) bear no relation to anything in the area, a fact established by
729:
611:
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564:
442:
336:
310:
2638:
1854:
1684:
781:
584:
454:
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1688:
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Japanese residents of Iturup at a Buddhist temple (before 1939)
1616:
1531:"PBS NewsHour full episode February 2, 2018 (Time Index 8:37)"
588:
1505:"New airport on Kuril Iturup Island receives first flight"
1134:. Foreign Affairs Association of Japan. 1956. p. 520.
516:, "Iturup Island"). It was previously known in English as
720:. They have lived there since at least the 14th century.
1414:Внешняя политика Японии: сентябрь 1939 г.-декабрь 1941 г
716:
The native inhabitants of all the Kuril islands are the
1321:
2201:
Japanese evacuation of Karafuto and the Kuril Islands
1612:"Report: Fighter jets deployed on Etorofu for trial"
1393:
The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America
808:
in a series of voyages in 1738, 1739, and 1742. The
2219:
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2135:
2099:
1863:
1722:
1359:De Saint-Martin, Vivien; et al., eds. (1895),
380:
372:
367:
355:
343:
321:
309:
297:
273:
263:
255:
247:
239:
231:
221:
184:
174:
169:
147:
35:
1430:"Sana, the administrative capital - 行政の首都 紗那（しゃな）"
1344:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.
542:
1434:Chishima People's Magazine Study Group (千島庶民誌研究会)
1552:"Russian fighter jets land on disputed island"
1366:Nouveau Dictionnaire de Géographie Universelle
529:
457:37 km (23 mi) to its northeast. The
2278:
1700:
1048:Trees showing effect of prevailing wind, 1981
511:
453:19 km (12 mi) to its southwest and
8:
2379:Chyornye Bratya (Chirpoy and Brat Chirpoyev)
983:Administratively, the island belongs to the
30:
870:attack on the American base of Pearl Harbor
813:
763:
2285:
2271:
2263:
1707:
1693:
1685:
1470:Austin, Greg; Muraviev, Alexey D. (2000).
73:
29:
1645:"Nemuro raid survivor longs for homeland"
1382:
1380:
738:("Eso") and the imaginary continent of "
689:the geological features of the isthmus.
624:, the Iturup strawberry) or bare rocks.
1643:Takahara, Kanako (September 22, 2007).
1099:
1002:
890:In 1945, according to decisions of the
878:was located on Iturup (Etorofu) in the
1389:"The Early Cartography of the Pacific"
1583:Gady, Franz-Stefan (August 1, 2018).
1440:from the original on 10 November 2017
618:scrub, herbaceous flowers (including
235:3,139 km (1,212 sq mi)
7:
953:, was opened in 2014, 7 kilometres (
2211:Seaboard World Airlines Flight 253A
1476:. London: I.B.Tauris. p. 244.
927:Seaboard World Airlines Flight 253A
627:The island also contains some high
1473:The Armed Forces of Russia in Asia
25:
2174:Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875)
1676: (archived December 23, 2010)
991:. Japan claims Iturup as part of
776:and the surrounding area for the
610:. The mountains are covered with
2301:
2294:
1560:. March 26, 2018. Archived from
1459:Takahara, "Nemuro raid survivor"
1069:
1053:
1041:
1029:
1017:
1005:
860:On 26 November 1941, a Japanese
652:), was discovered in active hot
329:
282:
124:
117:
94:
87:
58:
2715:Islands of the Russian Far East
2544:Ptichy Island (Shantar Islands)
2539:Ptichy Island (Kamchatka Krai)
439:ownership of which is disputed
409:), also historically known by
125:
95:
1:
2710:Islands of the Sea of Okhotsk
2614:Spafaryev, Ryabokon and Talan
2308:Islands of the Sea of Okhotsk
2189:Invasion of the Kuril Islands
1511:. Interfax. 22 September 2014
1322:De Saint-Martin et al. (1895)
1298:"The 17th and 18th Centuries"
1132:Contemporary Japan, Volume 24
949:A new international airport,
894:, Iturup was occupied by the
792:) and a large and prosperous
547:), meaning "island with many
2730:Japan–Soviet Union relations
2700:Islands of the Kuril Islands
559:Iturup consists of volcanic
27:Largest of the Kuril Islands
2100:Other geographical features
1387:Wroth, Lawrence C. (1944),
780:(VOC). As with neighboring
433:, administrative center of
259:1,634 m (5361 ft)
2746:
2169:Menashi–Kunashir rebellion
1060:Shana Village in Etorofu (
853:
752:
709:
543:
410:
67:image of Iturup (May 2023)
48:
2314:
2252:Maarten Gerritszoon Vries
530:
512:
406:
398:
384:
326:
278:
251:27 km (16.8 mi)
243:200 km (120 mi)
163:
155:
81:
72:
57:
2725:Disputed islands of Asia
2624:Trety, Krayny and Vtoroy
2232:William Robert Broughton
1338:Heawood, Edward (1912).
898:after Japan's defeat in
778:Dutch East India Company
734:"Staten Eylant" between
490:The modern English name
449:. It is located between
2112:Ilya Muromets Waterfall
1108:"Ostrov Iturup: Russia"
925:fighter jets. In 1968,
923:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23
907:Soviet Anti-Air Defense
2127:Kuril–Kamchatka Trench
851:
823:
814:
770:Maarten Gerritsz Vries
764:
750:
567:. A series of a dozen
256:Highest elevation
2334:Baydukov and Belyakov
2206:Kuril Islands dispute
1251:seismology 3. 151-69.
1088:Kuril Islands dispute
933:. An older airfield,
849:
733:
1146:"Etorofu-tō: Russia"
993:Nemuro Subprefecture
621:Fragaria iturupensis
2720:Islands of Hokkaido
1648:(Newspaper article)
1185:1994Natur.369...51K
1012:Volcanoes of Iturup
945:Contemporary period
616:Siberian Dwarf Pine
427:North Pacific Ocean
202: /
32:
2179:Russo-Japanese War
2091:Zavaritski Caldera
1946:Goryashchaya Sopka
1936:Golets-Torny Group
1557:Xinhua News Agency
1436:. 6 October 2016.
1416:– 1959, page 246
1150:Geographical Names
1112:Geographical Names
989:Russian Federation
852:
751:
470:European explorers
264:Highest point
206:45.033°N 147.617°E
138:Show map of Russia
2682:
2681:
2579:Sakharnaya Golova
2260:
2259:
2194:Battle of Shumshu
2061:Tao-Rusyr Caldera
1730:Antsiferov Island
1564:on August 5, 2018
969:Antonov An-74-200
886:Post-World War II
836:Treaty of Shimoda
796:(named after the
788:(named after the
593:deciduous forests
435:Kurilsky District
419:Kuril Archipelago
388:
387:
108:Show map of Japan
16:(Redirected from
2737:
2705:Southern Kuriles
2444:Khalpili Islands
2306:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2264:
2184:Hawaii Operation
2136:Cities and towns
2086:Vernadskii Ridge
1709:
1702:
1695:
1686:
1661:
1659:
1658:
1649:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1620:. August 4, 2018
1608:
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1373:
1356:
1350:
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1313:
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1309:
1300:. Archived from
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909:(PVO) airfield,
892:Yalta Conference
817:
767:
668:Vetrovoy isthmus
546:
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533:
532:
515:
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474:Second World War
408:
400:
335:
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288:
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51:
50:
33:
21:
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2744:
2740:
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2738:
2736:
2735:
2734:
2685:
2684:
2683:
2678:
2584:Shantar Islands
2559:Rechnaya Matuga
2499:Morskaya Matuga
2429:Kamen Opasnosti
2359:Chastye Islands
2349:Bolshoy Shantar
2310:
2300:
2293:
2291:
2261:
2256:
2237:Vasily Golovnin
2215:
2157:
2131:
2095:
2006:Milna (volcano)
1986:Lomonosov Group
1961:Karpinsky Group
1859:
1815:Polonsky Island
1790:Lowuschki Rocks
1785:Kunashir Island
1765:Habomai Islands
1755:Chyornye Bratya
1718:
1713:
1680:Sakhalin Oblast
1674:Wayback Machine
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1208:
1179:(6475): 51–52.
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1139:
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1125:
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951:Iturup Airport
946:
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854:Main article:
843:
840:
824:Isle des États
804:'s lieutenant
798:States General
772:was exploring
753:Main article:
744:Jan Janssonius
740:Companies Land
727:
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710:Main article:
707:
704:
702:
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669:
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631:, such as the
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513:Остров Итуру́п
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423:Sea of Okhotsk
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2122:Cape Koritsky
2120:
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2107:Bussol Strait
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2036:Sarychev Peak
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1509:Russia Beyond
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1483:9781860644856
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1304:on 2008-03-25
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1024:Kurilsk, 1981
1020:
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883:
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877:
876:Shana Village
873:
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867:
866:Hitokappu Bay
863:
857:
848:
841:
839:
837:
831:
829:
825:
821:
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815:Staten Eyland
811:
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803:
799:
795:
794:Staten Island
791:
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766:
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633:Ilya Muromets
630:
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623:
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613:
609:
606:
602:
598:
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582:
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574:
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569:calc-alkaline
566:
563:and mountain
562:
554:
552:
550:
540:
537:
527:
523:
519:
509:
508:Ostrov Iturúp
505:
501:
500:romanizations
497:
493:
485:
483:
481:
479:
476:in 1945, the
475:
471:
467:
462:
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452:
448:
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436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
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383:
379:
375:
371:
366:
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357:Subprefecture
354:
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305:
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300:
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277:
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250:
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226:Kuril Islands
224:
220:
215:
187:
183:
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177:
173:
168:
161:
153:
150:
146:
120:
90:
80:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
46:
41:Native name:
38:
34:
19:
18:Iturup Island
2569:Rovny Island
2479:Maly Shantar
2419:Ivyinichaman
2413:
2329:Banka Zotova
1991:Lvinaya Past
1951:Grozny Group
1769:
1655:. Retrieved
1622:. Retrieved
1615:
1606:
1594:. Retrieved
1590:The Diplomat
1588:
1578:
1566:. Retrieved
1562:the original
1555:
1546:
1534:. Retrieved
1525:
1513:. Retrieved
1508:
1499:
1487:. Retrieved
1472:
1465:
1454:
1442:. Retrieved
1433:
1424:
1418:(in Russian)
1409:
1392:
1365:
1354:
1340:
1333:
1317:
1306:. Retrieved
1302:the original
1292:
1283:
1274:
1265:
1256:
1246:
1237:
1227:
1218:
1209:
1176:
1170:
1164:
1153:. Retrieved
1149:
1140:
1131:
1126:
1115:. Retrieved
1111:
1102:
1062:Shōwa period
1036:Iturup, 1981
982:
974:PBS NewsHour
948:
939:World War II
919:storm-petrel
904:
900:World War II
896:Soviet Union
889:
874:
859:
856:Showa period
842:Showa period
832:
802:Vitus Bering
786:Company Land
758:
747:
722:
715:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
648:mineral (ReS
637:
626:
619:
591:, and mixed
558:
539:Etuworop-sir
538:
525:
517:
507:
495:
494:and earlier
491:
489:
482:
478:Soviet Union
463:
459:Vries Strait
390:
389:
376:7,500 (2003)
368:Demographics
280:
2664:Yengalychev
2659:Yam Islands
2594:Shiashkotan
2449:Kharimkotan
2384:Dobrzhansky
2369:Chirinkotan
2227:Ainu people
2117:Kasatka Bay
2001:Mendeleyeva
1981:Kuntomintar
1971:Kharimkotan
1901:Chirinkotan
1896:Chikurachki
1830:Shiashkotan
1780:Kharimkotan
1750:Chirinkotan
1665:Google Maps
1652:Japan Times
911:Burevestnik
864:fleet left
712:Ainu people
662:molybdenite
411:other names
222:Archipelago
209: /
185:Coordinates
148:Other names
2689:Categories
2534:Prokofyeva
2524:Paramushir
2474:Makanrushi
2394:Feklistova
2319:Antsiferov
2071:Tri Sestry
2016:Prevo Peak
1956:Ivao Group
1886:Berutarube
1876:Atsonupuri
1810:Paramushir
1795:Makanrushi
1657:2008-02-01
1536:26 October
1444:20 January
1324:, p.
1308:2008-03-25
1155:2014-02-24
1117:2014-02-24
1094:References
755:Edo period
726:Edo period
706:Prehistory
629:waterfalls
608:underbrush
603:and Kuril
526:Etorofu-tō
468:. Various
373:Population
345:Prefecture
322:Claimed by
65:Sentinel-2
2494:Menshikov
2399:Glinyanyy
2011:Nemo Peak
1996:Medvezhya
1931:Fuss Peak
1864:Volcanoes
1624:August 5,
1596:August 5,
1568:August 5,
880:Showa era
828:Kunashiri
765:Castricum
760:Europeans
654:fumaroles
555:Geography
544:エツ゚ヲロㇷ゚シㇼ
520:from the
451:Kunashiri
425:from the
170:Geography
49:エツ゚ヲロㇷ゚シㇼ
2674:Zubchaty
2669:Zavyalov
2649:Ushishir
2604:Simushir
2589:Shelikan
2574:Sakhalin
2514:Onekotan
2504:Nansikan
2489:Medvezhy
2459:Kunashir
2404:Hokkaido
2354:Broutona
2081:Ushishur
2041:Shirinki
1941:Golovnin
1881:Baransky
1850:Ushishir
1845:Simushir
1835:Shikotan
1805:Onekotan
1745:Broutona
1438:Archived
1401:24301919
1082:See also
935:Vetrovoe
774:Hokkaido
746:'s 1654
736:Hokkaido
658:Kudriavy
639:Rheniite
522:Japanese
441:between
413:, is an
403:Japanese
350:Hokkaido
316:Kurilsky
311:District
197:147°37′E
175:Location
160:Japanese
2629:Tyuleny
2599:Shumshu
2564:Reyneke
2554:Rasshua
2549:Raikoke
2529:Pilamif
2434:Kekurny
2374:Chkalov
2339:Belichy
2324:Atlasov
2143:Kurilsk
2076:Uratman
2056:Srednii
2051:Smirnov
2046:Sinarka
2031:Rudakov
2026:Rasshua
2021:Raikoke
1911:Chirpoi
1840:Shumshu
1825:Rasshua
1820:Raikoke
1723:Islands
1672:at the
1515:16 June
1489:16 June
1371:441–445
1326:444–445
1232:990-98.
1201:4344624
1181:Bibcode
999:Gallery
987:of the
962:⁄
931:Vietnam
915:English
862:carrier
810:phantom
701:History
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