171:
159:
4279:
52:
151:
733:
is one of a serial's existing ISSNs, so does not change the use or assignment of "ordinary" ISSNs; it is based on the ISSN of the first published medium version of the publication. If the print and online versions of the publication are published at the same time, the ISSN of the print version is
657:
To confirm the check digit, calculate the sum of all eight digits of the ISSN multiplied by their position in the number, counting from the right. (If the check digit is X, add 10 to the sum.) The remainder of the sum modulo 11 must be 0. There is an online ISSN checker that can validate an ISSN,
532:
959:
when the concept is "a journal is a set of contents, generally copyrighted content": the same journal (same contents and same copyrights) may have two or more ISSN codes. A URN needs to point to "unique content" (a "unique journal" as a "set of contents"
364:
210:(periodical), such as a magazine. The ISSN is especially helpful in distinguishing between serials with the same title. ISSNs are used in ordering, cataloging, interlibrary loans, and other practices in connection with serial literature.
901:
during a decade, but no ISSN update or initiative occurred. A natural extension for ISSN, the unique-identification of the articles in the serials, was the main demand application. An alternative serials' contents model arrived with the
3605:
1884:
822:. An ISBN might be assigned for particular issues of a serial, in addition to the ISSN code for the serial as a whole. An ISSN, unlike the ISBN code, is an anonymous identifier associated with a serial title, containing no
913:
Only later, in 2007, ISSN-L was defined in the new ISSN standard (ISO 3297:2007) as an "ISSN designated by the ISSN Network to enable collocation or versions of a continuing resource linking among the different media".
604:
360:
Each of the first seven digits of the ISSN is multiplied by its position in the number, counting from the right, that is, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, and 2, respectively, and the resulting products are added:
678:), followed by the 7 main digits of the ISSN (the check digit is not included), followed by 2 publisher-defined digits, followed by the EAN check digit (which need not match the ISSN check digit).
369:
1803:
842:
Since the ISSN applies to an entire serial, other identifiers have been built on top of it to allow references to specific volumes, articles, or other identifiable components (like the
1499:
893:
This "media-oriented identification" of serials made sense in the 1970s. In the 1990s and onward, with personal computers, better screens, and the Web, it makes sense to consider only
781:. At the end of 2016, the ISSN Register contained records for 1,943,572 items. The Register is not freely available for interrogation on the web, but is available by subscription.
280:, so the ISSN is uniquely represented by its first seven digits. Formally, the general form of the ISSN (also named "ISSN structure" or "ISSN syntax") can be expressed as follows:
1246:
3117:
1390:
642:
3112:
4305:
1796:
2617:
1995:
1851:
547:
214:
797:
permits searching its catalog by ISSN, by entering "issn:" before the code in the query field. One can also go directly to an ISSN's record by appending it to "
268:), typically the same as the ISSN assigned to the serial in its first published medium, which links together all ISSNs assigned to the serial in every medium.
1646:
1269:
2839:
1441:
527:{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}&0\cdot 8+3\cdot 7+7\cdot 6+8\cdot 5+5\cdot 4+9\cdot 3+5\cdot 2\\&=0+21+42+40+20+27+10\\&=160\;.\end{aligned}}}
1789:
608:
If there is no remainder, the check digit is 0; otherwise the remainder is subtracted from 11. If the result is less than 10, it yields the check digit:
940:". URN namespaces are case-sensitive, and the ISSN namespace is all caps. If the checksum digit is "X" then it is always encoded in uppercase in a URN.
3914:
3834:
3625:
3620:
3466:
1891:
1297:
791:
Derivative lists of publications will often contain ISSN codes; these can be found through on-line searches with the ISSN code itself or serial title.
729:, the "linking ISSN (ISSN-L)" provides a mechanism for collocation or linking among the different media versions of the same continuing resource. The
3632:
1898:
1530:
1986:
851:
1522:
1109:
4165:
1933:
1905:
1495:
276:
An ISSN is an eight-digit code, divided by a hyphen into two four-digit numbers. The last digit, which may be zero through nine or an X, is a
2527:
1844:
4234:
4035:
3558:
2941:
2532:
2502:
1951:
1837:
1215:
1163:
3879:
3209:
3006:
1870:
1104:
305:
2330:
1548:
1404:
1238:
667:
163:
3406:
2430:
1877:
1740:
974:
969:
has an ISSN for print, 0028-0836, and another for the same content on the Web, 1476-4687; only the oldest (0028-0836) is used as a
3970:
3142:
2986:
1919:
1571:
1730:
1384:
805:. This does not query the ISSN Register itself, but rather shows whether any WorldCat library holds an item with the given ISSN.
1761:
4065:
4060:
3767:
1946:
1362:
1021:
A unique URN for serials simplifies the search, recovery and delivery of data for various services including, in particular,
993:(DOI) or a URN does, so the DOI is used as a URN for articles, with (for historical reasons) no need for an ISSN's existence.
699:
1639:
3859:
3189:
3122:
2702:
2350:
4310:
4330:
4204:
3682:
1979:
1708:
1691:
1189:
1655:
1470:
1278:
3864:
3772:
3722:
3481:
2814:
2809:
1319:
Using The ISSN (International Serial
Standard Number) as URN (Uniform Resource Names) within an ISSN-URN Namespace
4130:
4075:
3854:
3839:
3819:
3097:
2517:
2013:
1926:
1115:
990:
907:
847:
1434:
4320:
4178:
4085:
3874:
3849:
3061:
3056:
611:
175:
4325:
3732:
3274:
3264:
3259:
2834:
2819:
2759:
2193:
2188:
2148:
1912:
1685:
1294:
4315:
4282:
4050:
4040:
3169:
2587:
2168:
1972:
785:
The print version of a serial typically will include the ISSN code as part of the publication information.
218:
3471:
3334:
2981:
2355:
2203:
2173:
2066:
2056:
2017:
2009:
1022:
986:
923:
233:
882:
versions require different ISSNs. However, the same ISSN can be used for different file formats (e.g.
4229:
4135:
3869:
3844:
3687:
3528:
2966:
2769:
2642:
2425:
1597:
1333:
903:
831:
4070:
3809:
1569:"La nueva Norma ISSN facilita la vida de la comunidad de las publicaciones en serie", A. Roucolle.
236:, a different ISSN is assigned to each media type. For example, many serials are published both in
207:
834:. For this reason a new ISSN is assigned to a serial each time it undergoes a major title change.
4015:
3950:
2290:
309:
260:). Consequently, as defined in ISO 3297:2007, every serial in the ISSN system is also assigned a
650:
If the result is 10 (that is, if the remainder is 1), the check digit is an uppercase X (like a
745:
is possible to designate one single ISSN for all those media versions of the title. The use of
2844:
1211:
1159:
970:
843:
754:
718:
203:
38:
3578:
3319:
2647:
1323:
1092:
1014:
966:
871:
687:
349:
241:
1544:
1412:
4188:
3909:
3814:
3568:
3496:
3491:
3486:
2971:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
1301:
1076:(paper) version of a serial. Usually it is the "default media" and so the "default ISSN".
1006:
931:
722:
229:
1746:
1277:. Paris: ISSN International Centre. January 2015. pp. 14, 16, 55–58. Archived from
3476:
3224:
3036:
2899:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2223:
2213:
1026:
879:
762:
749:
facilitates search, retrieval and delivery across all media versions for services like
651:
158:
1575:
170:
4299:
4264:
4239:
4224:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
3985:
3930:
3899:
3889:
3752:
3742:
3712:
3707:
3657:
3637:
3615:
3600:
3553:
3518:
3461:
3456:
3446:
3324:
3269:
3244:
3239:
3219:
3092:
2632:
2208:
2071:
2041:
898:
758:
199:
1781:
1009:(resolved) to the current article's page; but there is no ISSN online service, like
998:
Example: the DOI name "10.1038/nature13777" can be represented as an HTTP string by
4125:
4095:
3955:
3299:
3294:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3066:
3011:
2961:
2894:
2849:
2824:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2692:
2657:
2567:
2562:
2390:
2198:
1964:
1857:
1767:
773:
The
International Centre maintains a database of all ISSNs assigned worldwide, the
1523:"Guidelines for using resource identifiers in Dublin Core metadata §4.5 ISSN"
1358:
686:
ISSN codes are assigned by a network of ISSN National
Centres, usually located at
17:
4100:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3371:
3288:
2260:
1345:
1336:
1317:
1073:
897:, independent of media. This "content-oriented identification" of serials was a
867:
823:
277:
115:
4090:
3995:
3702:
3677:
3441:
3396:
3132:
2789:
2602:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2445:
2420:
2295:
2051:
1942:
862:
Separate ISSNs are needed for serials in different media (except reproduction
222:
1045:
The two standard categories of media in which serials are most available are
154:
ISSN encoded in an EAN-13 barcode with sequence variant 0 and issue number 05
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4219:
4209:
4170:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3990:
3980:
3965:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3884:
3829:
3824:
3804:
3782:
3762:
3717:
3697:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3610:
3573:
3563:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3523:
3508:
3503:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3401:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3366:
3361:
3309:
3304:
3284:
3254:
3229:
3214:
3184:
3137:
3127:
3107:
3102:
3087:
3082:
2996:
2717:
2712:
2607:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
1521:
Powell, Andy; Johnston, Pete; Campbell, Lorna; Barker, Phil (21 June 2006).
863:
827:
599:{\displaystyle {\frac {160}{11}}=14{\mbox{ remainder }}6=14+{\frac {6}{11}}}
537:
1714:
1185:
1466:
802:
150:
3894:
3672:
3376:
3204:
3041:
3031:
3016:
2991:
2976:
2951:
2946:
2829:
2804:
2799:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2764:
2729:
2724:
2707:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2652:
2637:
2627:
2622:
2612:
2597:
2592:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2522:
2507:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2440:
2435:
2415:
2410:
2400:
2395:
2385:
2380:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2335:
2325:
2218:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
1863:
1136:
1054:
794:
671:
237:
1674:
4183:
3975:
3960:
3757:
3747:
3737:
3513:
3329:
3279:
3174:
3162:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2228:
2183:
2178:
2163:
2158:
2153:
750:
357:=5. To calculate the check digit, the following algorithm may be used:
51:
4045:
4030:
4025:
4020:
3692:
3667:
3595:
3451:
3436:
3416:
3411:
3356:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3234:
3199:
3046:
2697:
2512:
2076:
1328:
1119:
875:
818:
codes are similar in concept, where ISBNs are assigned to individual
703:
541:
179:
3533:
4080:
4055:
3777:
3662:
3314:
3179:
3051:
3026:
3021:
3001:
2375:
2345:
2340:
2061:
2046:
2036:
2031:
1131:
910:(DOI), an ISSN-independent initiative, consolidated in the 2000s.
695:
183:
169:
157:
149:
1654:(2015 ed.), Paris: ISSN InterNational Centre, archived from
3727:
3590:
3583:
3249:
3194:
2794:
2405:
1830:
1058:
887:
819:
815:
675:
31:
1968:
1785:
4214:
3904:
2956:
1939:
ISO 27730: International
Standard Collection Identifier (ISCI)
1091:) is a standard label for "Electronic ISSN", the ISSN for the
883:
353:, is 0378-5955, where the final 5 is the check digit, that is
777:(International Serials Data System), otherwise known as the
221:
in 1971 and published as ISO 3297 in 1975. ISO subcommittee
1735:(in French), Bibliothèque nationale de France, 15 June 2023
1634:
1469:. U.S. ISSN Center, Library of Congress. 19 February 2010.
1605:
670:
with a 977 "country code" (compare the 978 country code ("
977:
needed to create, prior to 2007, the NLM Unique ID (JID).
1745:(in German), Deutsche Nationalbibliothek, archived from
1629:
137:
1072:
is a standard label for "Print ISSN", the ISSN for the
27:
Serial number used to identify a periodical publication
568:
1013:, to resolve the ISSN of the journal (in this sample
614:
550:
367:
4197:
3923:
3075:
2024:
937:
927:
798:
788:
Most serial websites contain ISSN code information.
721:for all versions of the serial containing the same
315:
283:
132:
124:
114:
103:
92:
74:
66:
58:
1885:International Standard Identifier for Libraries...
1766:, National Library of South Africa, archived from
1545:"MEDLINE/PubMed Data Element (Field) Descriptions"
1105:ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
636:
598:
526:
1547:. U.S. National Library of Medicine. 7 May 2014.
1496:"The ISSN-L for publications on multiple media"
1852:International Securities Identification Number
1435:"Total number of records in the ISSN Register"
874:versions of a serial need separate ISSNs, and
215:International Organization for Standardization
1980:
1797:
702:created in 1974 through an agreement between
225:is responsible for maintaining the standard.
162:Example of an ISSN, 2049-3630, encoded in an
37:For the use of ISSNs on Knowledge (XXG), see
8:
1440:. ISSN International Centre. February 2017.
44:
244:. The ISSN system refers to these types as
174:ISSN expanded with sequence variant 0 to a
1987:
1973:
1965:
1804:
1790:
1782:
1645:ISSN InterNational Centre (January 2015),
630:
516:
50:
1892:International Standard Audiovisual Number
1327:
1311:
1309:
949:
613:
586:
567:
551:
549:
368:
366:
1899:International Standard Musical Work Code
1490:
1488:
1316:Thren, Slawek Rozenfeld (January 2001).
1154:
1152:
682:Code assignment, maintenance and look-up
213:The ISSN system was first drafted as an
1386:Identification with the GTIN 13 barcode
1148:
852:Serial Item and Contribution Identifier
644:Thus, in this example, the check digit
4306:Computer-related introductions in 1976
1934:International Standard Name Identifier
1906:International Standard Link Identifier
1676:How U.S. publishers can obtain an ISSN
1295:HTML version available at www.issn.org
725:across different media. As defined by
43:
1845:International Standard Recording Code
1640:List of 63800 ISSN numbers and titles
1473:from the original on 17 February 2014
1447:from the original on 24 February 2017
1037:above) was created to fill this gap.
347:For example, the ISSN of the journal
7:
1952:Virtual International Authority File
1860:: Issuer Identification Number (IIN)
1838:International Standard Serial Number
1679:, United States: Library of Congress
1249:from the original on 11 October 2017
1214:. Paris: ISSN International Centre.
1162:. Paris: ISSN International Centre.
192:International Standard Serial Number
45:International Standard Serial Number
1871:International Standard Music Number
1061:), these may have standard labels.
306:Perl Compatible Regular Expressions
1866:: Business Entity Identifier (BIC)
1831:International Standard Book Number
1551:from the original on 27 April 2019
1393:from the original on 29 June 2020.
1365:from the original on 2 August 2023
296:}, a decimal digit character, and
186:add-on designating issue number 13
25:
1878:International Bank Account Number
1812:International numbering standards
1713:, British Library, archived from
1502:from the original on 16 July 2014
1218:from the original on 16 July 2014
1192:from the original on 15 July 2014
1166:from the original on 16 July 2014
1034:
975:U.S. National Library of Medicine
973:. As the ISSN is not unique, the
810:Comparison with other identifiers
698:. The International Centre is an
4278:
4277:
1920:International Standard Text Code
1763:Getting an ISSN in South Africa
1239:"The ISSN for electronic media"
1186:"Collection Metadata Standards"
1095:(online) version of a serial.
952:, but ISSN is media-oriented:
799:https://www.worldcat.org/ISSN/
700:intergovernmental organization
658:based on the above algorithm.
232:is published in more than one
104:
93:
1:
1527:Dublin Core Architecture Wiki
1498:. ISSN International Centre.
1467:"ISSN for Electronic Serials"
1389:. ISSN International Centre.
1114:(est. 2013), produced by the
890:) of the same online serial.
803:n2:1021-9749 – Search Results
926:(URN) by prefixing it with "
922:An ISSN can be encoded as a
228:When a serial with the same
1692:Library and Archives Canada
1237:ISSN InterNational Centre.
1212:"ISSN, a Standardised Code"
734:chosen as the basis of the
706:and the French government.
80:; 48 years ago
4347:
1742:Getting an ISSN in Germany
1361:. Advanced Science Index.
1348:.
36:
29:
4273:
2006:
1927:Digital Object Identifier
1824:
1817:
1732:Getting an ISSN in France
1710:Getting an ISSN in the UK
1630:ISSN International Centre
1322:. Network Working Group.
1116:ISSN International Centre
991:digital object identifier
936:could be referred to as "
908:digital object identifier
906:and its application, the
848:Publisher Item Identifier
692:ISSN International Centre
637:{\displaystyle 11-6=5\;.}
70:ISSN International Centre
49:
1139:—an ISSN-resolve service
666:ISSNs can be encoded in
30:Not to be confused with
1913:Legal Entity Identifier
1405:"Linking ISSN (ISSN-L)"
1359:"Online ISSN Validator"
1300:18 October 2018 at the
690:and coordinated by the
544:11 is then calculated:
1409:www.nationallibrary.fi
1344:Obsoleted by RFC
638:
600:
528:
219:international standard
187:
167:
155:
1572:"La nueva norma ISSN"
1041:Media category labels
987:resolution mechanisms
924:uniform resource name
858:Media versus content
639:
601:
570: remainder
529:
173:
161:
153:
1598:"Road in a nutshell"
1415:on 26 September 2015
904:indecs Content Model
612:
548:
365:
198:) is an eight-digit
107: of digits
39:Knowledge (XXG):ISSN
4311:Checksum algorithms
1770:on 24 December 2017
1749:on 11 December 2017
1608:on 5 September 2017
1578:on 10 December 2014
1188:. British Library.
1027:knowledge databases
1011:http://dx.issn.org/
1003:10.1038/nature13777
46:
4331:Unique identifiers
2000:by standard number
1160:"What is an ISSN?"
957:ISSN is not unique
938:urn:ISSN:0953-4563
755:library catalogues
688:national libraries
634:
596:
572:
524:
522:
310:regular expression
208:serial publication
188:
178:and encoded in an
168:
166:, with explanation
156:
4291:
4290:
2014:ISO romanizations
1962:
1961:
971:unique identifier
844:table of contents
719:unique identifier
594:
571:
559:
204:uniquely identify
148:
147:
18:ISSN (identifier)
16:(Redirected from
4338:
4281:
4280:
2001:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1966:
1806:
1799:
1792:
1783:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1736:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1694:, 8 January 2020
1680:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1660:
1653:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1604:. Archived from
1594:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1574:. Archived from
1567:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1529:. Archived from
1518:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1492:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1446:
1439:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1411:. Archived from
1401:
1395:
1394:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1355:
1349:
1340:
1331:
1329:10.17487/RFC3044
1313:
1304:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1283:
1276:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1156:
1113:
1093:electronic media
1080:Electronic ISSN
1057:contexts (e.g.,
1012:
1004:
1001:https://doi.org/
950:content-oriented
939:
930:". For example,
929:
899:repressed demand
872:electronic media
800:
668:EAN-13 bar codes
647:
643:
641:
640:
635:
605:
603:
602:
597:
595:
587:
573:
569:
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350:Hearing Research
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182:barcode with an
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81:
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21:
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4321:Library science
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2020:
2002:
1999:
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1963:
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1717:on 15 July 2014
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1302:Wayback Machine
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985:does not offer
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763:knowledge bases
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292:is in the set {
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254:electronic ISSN
164:EAN-13 bar code
136:
84:
82:
79:
42:
35:
28:
23:
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15:
12:
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5:
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1624:External links
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850:(PII) and the
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4343:
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4316:ISO standards
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