449:, with the four ANZAC divisions—1st, 2nd in I ANZAC and 3rd and New Zealand in II ANZAC—serving in the line alongside each other for the first time. After suffering from a heavy German artillery attack, I ANZAC launched an attack to capture pillboxes that dominated the ridge. As the Australian divisions left their trenches they were confronted by a force of Germans in no man's land who were carrying out an attack of their own. The two sides clashed with each other on open ground before the Germans were forced to retreat to the ridgeline. Further fighting ensued and afterwards I ANZAC managed to capture most of the German pillboxes on the crest of the ridgeline, but were stopped short of their secondary objective by defensive fire from German positions nearby. In all I ANZAC suffered approximately 4,500 casualties.
329:
438:
1114:
985:
856:
625:
496:
754:
1743:
386:, however, did not and in the end he ordered an attack on 29 July without having carried out adequate planning. As a result, the attack failed with a loss of 3,500 casualties and 2nd Division were forced to try again on 4–5 August. This subsequent attack proved more successful, however, over the course of the two attacks the division suffered 6,800 casualties.
42:
378:
casualties, the 1st
Division was relieved by the 2nd Division two days later. As the area surrounding the village was still in German hands, plans were made for further attacks. 1st Division's assault had been successful largely because of good staff work and preparation, however, the divisional commander, Major General
397:
in the Allied lines, the area surrounding the farm, across which the
Australians had to advance, was under the observation of German artillery spotters and as a result of heavy barrages I ANZAC suffered heavily during the battle, with 6,300 casualties, 4,649 of which were suffered by the 4th Division
452:
As a result of these successes the Allied high command felt that a breakthrough might finally be possible. Heavy rain, however, turned the ground to mud and further offensive actions resulted in heavy casualties for limited gains. By early
November I ANZAC Corps was withdrawn from the line around
425:
On 16 September 1917, six weeks after the fighting at Ypres had begun, the 1st and 2nd
Divisions took up position at Glencorse Wood under the cover of darkness. Four days later the Australian divisions were part of a renewed Allied offensive. Advancing side-by-side, they formed the centre of the
377:
Pozières had been attacked unsuccessfully four times prior, however on 23 July 1916 the 1st
Division managed to capture the village after making an advance of 1,000 yards. Following this success the Germans began a heavy artillery bombardment of the Australian positions and having suffered 5,286
473:
While the composition of I ANZAC Corps changed a number of times with divisions being attached and detached as required for involvement in a particular campaign, the following order of battle is included for illustrative purposes. It is correct per the corps' arrival in France in 1916. Also at
223:
Following the evacuation of
Gallipoli in December 1915, the Australian and New Zealand forces in Egypt underwent a period of reorganisation and expansion. It was decided to expand the AIF from two infantry divisions to four (later five), while the New Zealand elements of the
398:
alone. As a result of these losses, the corps was withdrawn to a quiet sector during
September and October 1916, before returning to the Somme in November. A bitter winter set in shortly after, however, effectively ending major operations on the Western Front for 1916.
401:
Throughout the end of 1916 and the beginning of 1917, I ANZAC was confined to defensive duties, however, in the spring they began a series of patrols along the front, during which it was discovered that the
Germans were withdrawing to the
2175:
430:. The battle proved a success, albeit a costly one as the Australians suffered approximately 5,000 casualties. On 26 September the 4th and 5th Divisions, which had been attached to I ANZAC for the fighting around
2170:
474:
divisional level there were various support units including artillery field batteries and trench mortars, pioneer battalions and engineer field companies, machine gun companies and field ambulances.
2165:
274:
troops in France and shortly after the battle it was decided to transfer the
Australian and New Zealand infantry divisions to France. On 13 March 1916, under the command of Lieutenant General
2160:
1271:
At various times over the course of 1916 I ANZAC consisted of between one and four divisions, being various combinations of the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th and NZ Divisions attached at various times.
2094:
2129:
1809:
2124:
1238:
1195:
1874:
1495:
1393:
834:
1838:
1788:
1784:
1653:
371:
334:
248:
244:
180:
325:
on the German positions in their sector. In the period between 20–30 June the corps carried out 10 such raids, and suffered 773 casualties.
2150:
1869:
232:. The five Australian and one New Zealand infantry divisions were then organised into two corps sized units, known as I ANZAC Corps and
225:
2104:
2099:
2089:
1675:
1631:
1724:
1698:
1224:
1095:
966:
735:
606:
394:
317:'s positions following an artillery barrage, resulting in 100 casualties, and some men and equipment being captured. On 30 May, the
1815:
1803:
1775:
367:
172:
310:. The Australian 2nd Division was the first to move on to the line, taking up its position in the trenches on 9 April 1916.
382:, had also refused to be pressured by Gough into attacking before he was ready. The 2nd Division's commander, Major General
370:, it was decided that the New Zealand Division would be more appropriately located under his command so it swapped with the
328:
366:
had started to arrive in France from Egypt under the command of
General Godley. As Godley was also the commander of the
202:
In November 1917, I ANZAC ceased to exist when the Australian infantry divisions in France were grouped together as the
2155:
1920:
188:
126:
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415:
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2028:
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2018:
2013:
2008:
1915:
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1107:
978:
849:
618:
489:
196:
2068:
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2003:
1998:
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1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1129:
1014:
1007:
1000:
885:
878:
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863:
761:
654:
647:
640:
525:
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511:
503:
419:
379:
1503:
1401:
437:
434:
carried out a successful attack in which they managed to capture both Polygon Wood and parts of Zonnebeke.
313:
On 5 May I ANZAC experienced its first combat on the Western Front when the Germans launched a raid on the
431:
411:
390:
461:
In November 1917, the five Australian infantry divisions in France were grouped together as part of the
446:
271:
359:
1936:
747:
427:
263:
252:
229:
207:
192:
1768:
303:
287:
106:
95:
441:
A German artillery piece captured by the Australian 4th Battalion during the battle of Broodseinde
992:
632:
383:
355:
176:
110:
1753:
418:
in June in support of II ANZAC before the corps as a whole was committed to the fighting around
1720:
1694:
1671:
1649:
1627:
1314:
1853:
462:
275:
267:
240:
203:
145:
171:
It was formed in Egypt in February 1916 as part of the reorganisation and expansion of the
403:
343:
278:—the original commander of the ANZAC—the corps began the process of embarking for France.
389:
Following the fighting around Pozières, all three divisions of I ANZAC took part in the
1848:
1761:
1687:
363:
322:
321:'s position was also heavily shelled. Throughout June, I ANZAC carried out a number of
295:
233:
2144:
1663:
393:, which took place between 10 August and 3 September 1916. Due to the formation of a
294:
in order to gain experience of trench warfare. The corps went into the line south of
350:, required fresh divisions to continue the advance. The corps was moved to General
1641:
351:
347:
46:
Gunners from the Australian 4th Division during Third Battle of Ypres October 1917
1121:
753:
445:
Later, on 4 October both I ANZAC and II ANZAC were involved in an attack on the
165:
121:
256:
184:
17:
1713:
1113:
984:
855:
624:
495:
175:
and the New Zealand Expeditionary Force (NZEF) following the evacuation of
1742:
179:
in December 1915. Along with the II ANZAC Corps, it replaced the original
410:. Following this, elements of the corps took part in the fighting around
92:
41:
407:
255:. The corps' divisions were initially manning the defences east of the
260:
195:
was removed from I ANZAC's order of battle, swapping with II ANZAC's
406:. On 17 March, the 2nd Division was involved in the advance towards
160:(First Anzac Corps) was a combined Australian and New Zealand army
436:
327:
291:
161:
81:
1648:(3rd ed.). Melbourne, Victoria: Cambridge University Press.
290:, and initially positioned in a relatively quiet sector south of
243:
and comprised the three "veteran" ANZAC divisions—the Australian
228:
would be split and expanded to form a full division known as the
210:, then part of II ANZAC Corps, was allocated to a British corps.
183:(ANZAC). The corps initially participated in the defence of the
1757:
1668:
Diggers: The Australian Army, Navy and Air Force in Eleven Wars
239:
I ANZAC Corps was initially commanded by Lieutenant General
191:
in France and Belgium in late March 1916. Later in 1916 the
2176:
Military units and formations of New Zealand in World War I
1262:
The 4th Division was detached from I ANZAC for this battle.
479:
Corps Commander: Lieutenant General Sir William Birdwood
2171:
Military units and formations of Australia in World War I
2166:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1917
27:
Australian and New Zealand army corps formed in 1916
2077:
1956:
1949:
1929:
1883:
1862:
1831:
1796:
1670:. Vol. 1. Sydney, New South Wales: Lansdowne.
1626:(1st ed.). Botley, Oxford: Osprey Publishing.
1496:"Battles and Engagements: France and Flanders 1917"
1394:"Battles and Engagements: France and Flanders 1916"
346:faltering, the British commander-in-chief, General
266:. The large scale losses suffered by the French at
139:
134:
117:
102:
87:
77:
69:
59:
51:
34:
1712:
1686:
1502:. www.ordersofbattle.darkscape.net. Archived from
1400:. www.ordersofbattle.darkscape.net. Archived from
2161:Military units and formations established in 1916
1810:Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force
1693:. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press.
1239:Military history of Australia during World War I
286:In France the I ANZAC Corps was attached to the
1448:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1769:
426:attack in what has since become known as the
422:as part of the Fifth Army in September 1917.
8:
1568:
1566:
1875:Australian and New Zealand Mounted Division
1538:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1953:
1880:
1776:
1762:
1754:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1334:
1332:
1300:
1298:
1296:
465:and I and II ANZAC Corps ceased to exist.
1387:
1385:
270:, however, highlighted the need for more
1102:
973:
844:
742:
613:
484:
337:, return from the battle, 10 August 1916
1283:
1255:
31:
1839:Australian and New Zealand Army Corps
1785:Australian and New Zealand Army Corps
1685:Prior, Robin; Wilson, Trevor (1996).
181:Australian and New Zealand Army Corps
7:
2121:Military history during World War I
1870:New Zealand and Australian Division
374:in time for the move to the Somme.
226:New Zealand and Australian Division
2105:New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade
1624:The Australian Army in World War I
25:
1741:
1500:The Regimental Warpath 1914–1918
1398:The Regimental Warpath 1914–1918
1225:4th Australian Pioneer Battalion
1112:
1096:2nd Australian Pioneer Battalion
983:
967:1st Australian Pioneer Battalion
854:
824:4th Battalion, NZ Rifle Brigade
813:3rd Battalion, NZ Rifle Brigade
802:2nd Battalion, NZ Rifle Brigade
791:1st Battalion, NZ Rifle Brigade
752:
736:2nd Australian Pioneer Battalion
623:
607:1st Australian Pioneer Battalion
494:
482:Order of Battle, December 1916:
187:before being transferred to the
40:
2095:3rd New Zealand (Rifle) Brigade
1816:New Zealand Expeditionary Force
1689:Passchendaele: The Untold Story
1646:A Military History of Australia
368:New Zealand Expeditionary Force
251:Divisions and the newly formed
1560:Prior and Wilson 1996, p. 136.
1:
1804:1st Australian Imperial Force
835:New Zealand Pioneer Battalion
779:3rd New Zealand Rifle Brigade
1608:Sheffield 2003, pp. 178–179.
842:Order of Battle, June 1916:
333:Australians of 6th Brigade,
1141:
1134:
1127:
1012:
1005:
998:
883:
876:
869:
777:
772:
767:
652:
645:
638:
523:
516:
509:
342:In mid-July 1916, with the
2192:
2151:ANZAC units and formations
2117:
1822:Samoa Expeditionary Force
1317:. Australian War Memorial
1223:
1119:
1094:
990:
965:
861:
833:
759:
734:
630:
605:
501:
414:during April and May and
173:Australian Imperial Force
39:
1622:Fleming, Robert (2012).
1551:Odgers 1994, pp. 99–100.
821:2nd Wellington Battalion
818:1st Wellington Battalion
799:2nd Canterbury Battalion
796:1st Canterbury Battalion
358:and directed to capture
302:which was moving to the
259:against the anticipated
1599:Grey 2008, pp. 100–101.
1524:Grey 2008, pp. 104–105.
1108:4th Australian Division
979:2nd Australian Division
850:1st Australian Division
774:2nd New Zealand Brigade
769:1st New Zealand Brigade
762:Andrew Hamilton Russell
619:2nd Australian Division
490:1st Australian Division
372:Australian 4th Division
306:in preparation for the
298:, taking over from the
197:Australian 4th Division
1452:Sheffield 2003, p. 95.
1422:Sheffield 2003, p. 94.
1290:Grey 2008, pp. 99–100.
788:2nd Auckland Battalion
785:1st Auckland Battalion
442:
391:Battle of Mouquet Farm
339:
440:
331:
2100:4th Infantry Brigade
2090:2nd Infantry Brigade
2085:1st Infantry Brigade
1937:New Zealand Division
1797:Expeditionary Forces
1750:at Wikimedia Commons
1581:Odgers 1994, p. 116.
1572:Odgers 1994, p. 100.
748:New Zealand Division
428:Battle of Menin Road
276:Sir William Birdwood
253:New Zealand Division
230:New Zealand Division
208:New Zealand Division
193:New Zealand Division
146:Sir William Birdwood
98:and support elements
1719:. London: Cassell.
1542:Odgers 1994, p. 99.
1477:Odgers 1994, p. 94.
1461:Odgers 1994, p. 93.
1379:Odgers 1994, p. 92.
1370:Odgers 1994, p. 89.
1356:Odgers 1994, p. 88.
1338:Odgers 1994, p. 87.
1315:"The ANZAC Acronym"
1304:Odgers 1994, p. 86.
810:2nd Otago Battalion
807:1st Otago Battalion
362:. By this time the
304:British Fourth Army
288:British Second Army
164:that served during
107:British Second Army
2156:Corps of Australia
1590:Grey 2008, p. 107.
1436:Grey 2008, p. 103.
1347:Grey 2008, p. 100.
993:James Gordon Legge
633:James Gordon Legge
443:
384:James Gordon Legge
340:
111:British Fifth Army
2138:
2137:
2113:
2112:
1945:
1944:
1746:Media related to
1655:978-0-521-69791-0
1230:
1229:
1101:
1100:
972:
971:
840:
839:
741:
740:
612:
611:
447:Broodseinde ridge
300:British III Corps
264:invasion of Egypt
151:
150:
16:(Redirected from
2183:
1954:
1881:
1854:Australian Corps
1778:
1771:
1764:
1755:
1745:
1730:
1718:
1704:
1692:
1681:
1659:
1637:
1609:
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1411:
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1263:
1260:
1117:
1116:
1103:
988:
987:
974:
859:
858:
845:
757:
756:
743:
628:
627:
614:
499:
498:
485:
463:Australian Corps
241:Alexander Godley
204:Australian Corps
44:
32:
21:
2191:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2134:
2109:
2073:
2069:5th Light Horse
2064:4th Light Horse
2059:3rd Light Horse
2054:2nd Light Horse
2049:1st Light Horse
1941:
1925:
1879:
1858:
1827:
1792:
1782:
1738:
1733:
1727:
1709:Sheffield, Gary
1707:
1701:
1684:
1678:
1662:
1656:
1640:
1634:
1621:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1603:
1598:
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1564:
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1555:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1528:
1523:
1519:
1509:
1507:
1506:on 19 July 2011
1494:Chappell, P.B.
1493:
1492:
1481:
1476:
1465:
1460:
1456:
1451:
1440:
1435:
1426:
1421:
1417:
1407:
1405:
1404:on 19 July 2011
1392:Chappell, P.B.
1391:
1390:
1383:
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1351:
1346:
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1261:
1257:
1247:
1235:
1111:
982:
853:
751:
622:
493:
478:
471:
469:Order of battle
459:
404:Hindenburg Line
344:Somme Offensive
338:
308:Somme Offensive
284:
221:
216:
154:
141:
64:
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
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5:
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2110:
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2056:
2051:
2046:
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2026:
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2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
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1885:
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1849:II ANZAC Corps
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1841:
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1828:
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1819:
1813:
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1736:External links
1734:
1732:
1731:
1725:
1705:
1699:
1682:
1677:978-1863023870
1676:
1664:Odgers, George
1660:
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1633:978-1849086325
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1234:
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1228:
1227:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1213:52nd Battalion
1210:
1208:48th Battalion
1205:
1203:20th Battalion
1199:
1198:
1196:51st Battalion
1193:
1191:47th Battalion
1188:
1186:19th Battalion
1182:
1181:
1179:50th Battalion
1176:
1174:46th Battalion
1171:
1169:18th Battalion
1165:
1164:
1162:49th Battalion
1159:
1157:45th Battalion
1154:
1152:17th Battalion
1148:
1147:
1140:
1133:
1125:
1124:
1120:Major General
1118:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1087:
1086:
1084:28th Battalion
1081:
1079:24th Battalion
1076:
1074:16th Battalion
1070:
1069:
1067:27th Battalion
1064:
1062:23rd Battalion
1059:
1057:15th Battalion
1053:
1052:
1050:26th Battalion
1047:
1045:22nd Battalion
1042:
1040:14th Battalion
1036:
1035:
1033:25th Battalion
1030:
1028:21st Battalion
1025:
1023:13th Battalion
1019:
1018:
1011:
1004:
996:
995:
991:Major General
989:
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969:
964:
958:
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955:12th Battalion
952:
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938:11th Battalion
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921:10th Battalion
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862:Major General
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719:24th Battalion
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714:20th Battalion
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702:23rd Battalion
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697:19th Battalion
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685:22nd Battalion
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680:18th Battalion
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668:21st Battalion
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631:Major General
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502:Major General
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364:II ANZAC Corps
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319:11th Battalion
315:20th Battalion
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864:Harold Walker
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573:7th Battalion
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568:3rd Battalion
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556:6th Battalion
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534:1st Battalion
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504:Harold Walker
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380:Harold Walker
375:
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282:Western Front
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189:Western Front
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158:I ANZAC Corps
153:Military unit
147:
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127:Western Front
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35:I ANZAC Corps
33:
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19:
18:I Anzac Corps
1843:
1812:(AN&MEF)
1714:
1688:
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1586:
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1520:
1508:. Retrieved
1504:the original
1499:
1457:
1418:
1406:. Retrieved
1402:the original
1397:
1375:
1352:
1343:
1319:. Retrieved
1309:
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1219:
1144:13th Brigade
1142:
1137:12th Brigade
1135:
1128:
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451:
444:
432:Polygon Wood
424:
400:
388:
376:
352:Hubert Gough
348:Douglas Haig
341:
335:2nd Division
323:trench raids
312:
285:
238:
222:
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170:
157:
155:
103:Part of
29:
2130:New Zealand
2078:New Zealand
1930:New Zealand
1130:4th Brigade
1122:Vaughan Cox
1015:7th Brigade
1008:6th Brigade
1001:5th Brigade
886:3rd Brigade
879:2nd Brigade
872:1st Brigade
655:7th Brigade
648:6th Brigade
641:5th Brigade
526:3rd Brigade
519:2nd Brigade
512:1st Brigade
457:Disbandment
296:Armentières
166:World War I
122:World War I
118:Engagements
113:(1916–1917)
65:New Zealand
2145:Categories
1818:(1st NZEF)
1615:References
412:Bullecourt
356:Fifth Army
257:Suez Canal
185:Suez Canal
142:commanders
135:Commanders
70:Allegiance
2125:Australia
1957:Australia
1884:Australia
1863:Divisions
1806:(1st AIF)
1715:The Somme
1279:Citations
1250:Footnotes
219:Formation
177:Gallipoli
96:divisions
63:Australia
55:1916–1917
1950:Brigades
1711:(2003).
1666:(1994).
1644:(2008).
1510:4 August
1408:4 August
1233:See also
1220:Pioneers
1091:Pioneers
962:Pioneers
830:Pioneers
731:Pioneers
602:Pioneers
477:Sources:
416:Messines
360:Pozières
206:and the
93:infantry
1921:Mounted
1321:27 July
453:Ypres.
408:Bapaume
395:salient
261:Turkish
214:History
140:Notable
109:(1916)
60:Country
1723:
1697:
1674:
1652:
1630:
272:Allied
268:Verdun
52:Active
1832:Corps
1824:(SEF)
1789:ANZAC
1245:Notes
420:Ypres
292:Ypres
162:corps
82:Corps
2044:17th
2039:16th
2034:15th
2029:14th
2024:13th
2019:12th
2014:11th
2009:10th
1721:ISBN
1695:ISBN
1672:ISBN
1650:ISBN
1628:ISBN
1512:2009
1410:2009
1323:2009
247:and
156:The
88:Size
78:Type
2004:9th
1999:8th
1994:7th
1989:6th
1984:5th
1979:4th
1974:3rd
1969:2nd
1964:1st
1916:6th
1911:5th
1906:4th
1901:3rd
1896:2nd
1891:1st
354:'s
249:2nd
245:1st
2147::
1565:^
1529:^
1498:.
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1396:.
1384:^
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236:.
199:.
168:.
91:3
1791:)
1787:(
1777:e
1770:t
1763:v
1729:.
1703:.
1680:.
1658:.
1636:.
1514:.
1412:.
1325:.
20:)
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