365:. The siloing, however, prevented effective problem solving and pursuit of common goals between employees. Gibbons knew of Holmes's falsehoods to employees and outsiders about Theranos' technology and readiness, as well as false demonstrations to clients; and he no longer trusted Holmes. He continued, however, to struggle to make the flawed Theranos technology meet the company's expectations. After being demoted, Gibbons diligently worked with Paul Patel, his successor at Theranos. Gibbons attempted to fix the technology to match the grandiose claims made by Holmes and Theranos staff but his efforts were unsuccessful. When Gibbons attempted to alert Theranos executives the technology did not work, his colleagues bullied and humiliated Gibbons for trying to speak out. In 2006, Gibbons told Holmes the blood testing Theranos had developed was not yet fit for use by members of the public, and that their proprietary technology was not accurate.
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414:. The following morning, Rochelle Gibbons discovered him on their bathroom floor, unconscious and barely breathing. He died, aged 67, of liver failure in a hospital on May 23, 2013. When Rochelle Gibbons called Holmes' office to report his death, Holmes did not return her call. Gibbons' wife, however, received an email from a Theranos lawyer requesting she immediately return Gibbons' company laptop and any confidential information he might have had in his possession. Holmes sent an internal company email to several colleagues informing them of Gibbons' death and that a memorial service would be held; no memorial service, however, was organized by Holmes or her company.
401:
treated so badly." She said Ian felt humiliated to be associated with the company's scientific failures. He felt pressured by
Theranos to lie about the state of the company's research. Rochelle believed if he told the truth, he would lose his job, and have limited future job prospects due to his age. Ian felt he was in a no-win scenario; by not speaking out, he thought, he would be hurting the general populace, but if he agreed to speak the truth, he would hurt his colleagues.
3027:"Elizabeth Holmes: How Theranos founder went from billionaire darling of Silicon Valley to behind bars β Elizabeth Holmes became America's youngest ever self-made female billionaire after taking Silicon Valley by storm through her company, Theranos. She claimed its technology would revolutionise health care β but a stunning expose saw it come crashing down as quickly as it had risen."
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536:. Stanford University management professor Robert E. McGinn emphasized the roles of Theranos scientists who unsuccessfully tried to respond admirably to the ethical challenges presented by the company's management. McGinn said Gibbons' "efforts to prevent unreasonable risks of harm were admirably ethically responsible". In a 2022 article for the journal
438:, signed by attorney Mike Brille. The letter stated: "It has been the Company's desire not to pursue legal action against Mrs. Gibbons. Unless she immediately ceases these actions, she will leave the Company no other option but to pursue litigation to definitively put an end these actions once and for all." In 2015,
542:, University of South Florida professors Lily M. Abadal and Garrett W. Potts called the management culture at Theranos a form of "chronic moral injury" (CH-MI). The professors concluded; "the recent management scandal at Theranos ... perpetuated CH-MI, ultimately leading to Gibbons's untimely death".
2284:"Why the World's Youngest Self-Made Billionaire May Be in Big Trouble β Theranos's Elizabeth Holmes is the latest in a long line of Silicon Valley players to have walked the path of the founder. Could a damning new investigative report on the company debunk the myth and poke holes in a bubble?"
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if contacting
Rochelle Gibbons would be acceptable. Gibbons spoke with Fry at length about her husband, and educated Fry about his character. Prior to being cast in the series, Fry had listened to the entirety of the podcast. Fry viewed the Theranos scandal including Gibbons's suicide as a tragedy of
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On May 15, 2013, Ian
Gibbons was notified that he needed to appear at the Fuisz lawyers' offices on May 17 to give his deposition. A lawyer for Theranos, which had been actively discouraging him from testifying, emailed Gibbons a draft doctor's note that could be adapted to excuse him. On the evening
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to testify. He wanted to avoid being deposed because he was afraid his job depended on his testimony. Rochelle
Gibbons assessed his state of mind towards the end of his time at Theranos: "It was hell for him to work there. It was complete hell. I think that he was very confused about why he was being
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After Fuisz studied publicly available patent information about
Theranos' technology, he filed his own patent for a physician-alert mechanism that could be embedded in a testing device, which he identified was not covered by any Theranos patents. Without owning this patent, Theranos would have needed
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to Ian
Gibbons. Carreyrou described how he met with Rochelle Gibbons, who agreed to be a source for his book, in California, two years after Ian Gibbons' death. Carreyrou said the interview process was difficult for Gibbons; he said she was still grieving, that she blamed Theranos for his death, and
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and his law firm: " was absurd that is that they could think that they could sue me for talking about Ian. You know they couldn't. I guess they were trying to scare me, to intimidate me into thinking they're going to get me for defamation. But the defense, the defamation is truth and so you know I'm
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In late 2010, Gibbons told his friend and trusted colleague
Channing Robertson about his concerns about misrepresentations made by Theranos about the effectiveness of its technology. Robertson alerted Holmes of Gibbons' complaints and frustrations, and Gibbons was dismissed from the company. Several
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Theranos' devices often became a source of frustration for
Gibbons because they differed, sometimes significantly, from the benchmarks. His high standards became a source of disagreements with Theranos engineers and senior management. Senior management warned employees who questioned the accuracy of
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Brown, Mick (21 August 2021), "Out for Blood; Elizabeth Holmes once had
Silicon Valley at her feet and investors throwing billions at her miracle blood-testing invention β that never worked. Now she prepares to take the stand accused of fraud on an unimaginable scale. Mick Brown reports.",
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E Eisenstein, M.S. Han, T.S. Woo, J.M. Ritchey, I Gibbons, Y.R. Yang, H.K. Schachman (15 November 1992), "Negative complementation in aspartate transcarbamylase. Analysis of hybrid enzyme molecules containing different arrangements of polypeptide chains from wild-type and inactive mutant catalytic
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For the company, Ian
Gibbons authored 23 patents on which other Theranos researchers are also named. Holmes' name appears on 19 patents related to Theranos which were authored by Gibbons. He worked on blood chemistry with Gary Frenzel between 2005 and 2010, when Gibbons led the division. As chief
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Although Ian Gibbons had worked for Theranos for 10 years, after his death, Rochelle Gibbons never received any condolences from the company, from Balwani, or from Holmes. By 2021, Elizabeth Holmes had never contacted Rochelle Gibbons. Gibbons publicly blamed Holmes for her husband's death, and
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While researching his defence to the Theranos' lawsuit, Fuisz noted Gibbons was often named as co-inventor with Holmes on many of Theranos' patents. He also noted there were similarities between Gibbons' Theranos patents and those he had filed while working for a previous employer, Biotrack. In
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a license from Fuisz's patent to cover physician/patient alerts β a desirable feature in a medical analyzer. When Theranos discovered Fuisz had filed his patent, it responded by filing a lawsuit for patent theft alleging Fuisz had misused Theranos' existing patent technology.
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scientist, Gibbons often gave the staff informal lectures on biochemistry and the science of blood testing. To ensure product success, Gibbons insisted blood-test results from Theranos developmental devices needed to match benchmark results of competitors' commercial analyzers.
40:
313:, who later recommended him as the first experienced scientist to be hired by Theranos. At Biotrack, Gibbons, Robertson, and others invented and patented a mechanism to dilute and mix liquid samples, abilities that would become key in Theranos' processes.
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Attorneys representing Theranos sent Rochelle Gibbons a letter saying legal action against her would ensue if she spoke to a journalist about the company. After she spoke with a journalist, she received a letter from the law firm representing Theranos,
337:. Gibbons was the first experienced scientist hired by the company, with the title of Senior Director of Assay Development. He initially served as the company's lab director and as director of product development. In 2007, Gibbons was diagnosed with
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309:. During his career, Gibbons was named on almost 200 patents. While working at Biotrack Laboratories, he developed blood assay technologies and held 19 patents for the scientific techniques he created. At Biotrack, Gibbons worked with
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the technology. As a result of his desperation, Gibbons told his wife Rochelle "nothing at Theranos is working". Holmes's practice of discouraging communication between departments also troubled Gibbons. The reason given for such
381:, an American entrepreneur and inventor who had been a former friend and neighbour of Elizabeth Holmes and her family. The two families had fallen out and Holmes had declined Fuisz's offer to help Holmes with her invention.
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exposed the practices of Theranos and Elizabeth Holmes in a series of articles; this was followed by US federal government investigations that led to the company's collapse in 2018. Carreyrou devoted chapter 12 of his book,
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Daniel, Hugo; Alexander, Harriet (22 October 2016), "The fatal fallout of tech billionaire's 'health revolution' British head scientist at US maverick's Silicon Valley start-up took own life over 'unworkable' technology",
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of blood, had never functioned as claimed. Gibbons had attempted to inform his superiors at Theranos, including Holmes, of the failure of their technology but the company's executives repeatedly ignored his objections.
1763:"'The Dropout': Who Is Ian Gibbons, and What's the True Story Behind His Tragic Death? - The British biochemist, played by Stephen Fry, was one of the few people who knew that Holmes' Theranos invention didn't work"
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Wappler, Margaret (20 March 2019), "Theranos' Elizabeth Holmes Sold Certainty and Sex Appeal β It's the kind of catastrophe that happens when millennial influencer culture meets old-school male hubris.",
288:. Gibbons met his wife Rochelle while they were both studying microbiology at Berkeley in 1973, and they married in 1975. Rochelle was educated as a scientist and patent lawyer, and has worked in immigration law.
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3113:"'The Dropout': Stephen Fry on That Tragic Moment, and How Fraudsters Took Over TV - The British screen icon considers the series, based on the Theranos scandal, a story of 'epic Shakespearean greed'"
2039:"Hot Startup Theranos Has Struggled With Its Blood-Test Technology: Silicon Valley lab, led by Elizabeth Holmes, is valued at $ 9 billion but isn't using its technology for all the tests it offers"
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Jones, Callum (8 January 2022), "She's guilty, but I'm still a widow; Rochelle Gibbons' British husband was the chief scientist at Theranos then he killed himself. She talked to Callum Jones.",
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2866:"Elizabeth Holmes Wrote Bad Love Poetry as Theranos Tanked β The Theranos founder wrote gooey notes to her business partner and paramour as they texted about the company's woes."
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Abadal, Lily M.; Potts, Garrett W. (28 October 2022), "A MacIntyrean account of chronic moral injury: Assessing the implications of bad management and marginalized practices at work.",
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Edwin F. Ullman; I. Gibbons; D. Litman (January 1983), "Homogeneous Immunoassays and Immunometric Assays Employing Enzyme Channeling.", in John H. Rippey and Robert M. Nakamura (ed.),
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Ian Gibbons' role in attempting to bring to light the inaccurate nature of Theranos testing machines was highlighted in a 2022 article on ethics in scientific research for the journal
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1683:"Disgraced CEO's heartless response to suicide - When the disgraced founder of a blood testing company found out her chief scientist had committed suicide, she did the unthinkable."
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believed he would not have killed himself if he had not gone to work for Theranos. Gibbons said Holmes "has shown no remorse for any of the things she's done to anyone, nothing".
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of Gibbons' colleagues lobbied on his behalf, and he was quickly rehired with reduced responsibilities as a technical consultant to the chemistry group he had formerly headed.
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Travis D. Boone; Z. Hugh Fan; Ian Gibbons; Antonio J. Ricco; Alexander Sassi; Sharat Singh; Dennis Slomski; Hongdong Tan; Stephen J. Williams; Vivian Xiao; Qifeng Xue (2001),
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1958:"Beyond business: Disgraced Theranos bloodied family, friends, neighbors - Personal stories shed light on the infamous biotech's business strategies and culture."
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Travis D. Boone; Antonio J. Ricco; Philip Gooding; Torleif O. BjΓΆrnson; Sharat Singh; Vivian Xiao; Ian Gibbons; Stephen J. Williams; Hongdong Tan (2000),
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For 30 years, Ian Gibbons worked on diagnostic and therapeutic products at technology companies. In the 1980s, he worked at a biotechnology firm called
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sent text messages to each other about filing a lawsuit against Rochelle Gibbons. Rochelle Gibbons said of these legal threats from Holmes' attorney
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Kosoff, Maya (11 August 2020), "The rise and fall of Elizabeth Holmes, the Theranos founder whose federal fraud trial is delayed until 2021.",
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949:"Action of Ξ²-galactosidase on novel synthetic macromolecular substrates. A processive enzymic reaction controlled by coulombic interactions"
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Savidge, Nico (7 June 2019), "More from a longtime Elizabeth Holmes skeptic: On excuses, moments of fame and other Theranos encounters",
1036:"Monoclonal antibodies to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) form cyclic 1:1 complexes with G6PDH and act as regulatory subunits."
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prior to joining Theranos in 2005. He attempted to raise issues with Theranos' management about the inaccuracy of their testing devices.
2009:"Multi-billion dollar health startup Theranos tried to kill a report questioning how well its 'revolutionary' blood test actually works"
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3250:"'The Dropout': William H. Macy, Laurie Metcalf, Elizabeth Marvel, Utkarsh Ambudkar, Kate Burton Among 10 Cast In Hulu Limited Series"
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the night before he was scheduled to be deposed in a lawsuit related to Theranos. He was hospitalized for several days and died from
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900:"Improved sensitivity in homogeneous enzyme immunoassays using a fluorogenic macromolecular substrate: An assay for serum ferritin"
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2944:"The Theranos controversy, explained - Everything you need to know about the super-secret, controversial blood testing company."
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1957:
1242:— published while Gibbons was a professor at Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley.
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Ian Gibbons; Richard Armenta; Robert K. DiNello; Edwin F. Ullman (1987), "Nonseparation enzyme channeling immunometric assays",
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McGinn, Robert E. (30 August 2022), "Startup Ethics: Ethically Responsible Conduct of Scientists and Engineers at Theranos.",
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502:. In the 2019 podcast episode titled "The Enforcer", Jarvis interviews Rochelle Gibbons, who had also talked with the
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Carl N. Skold, Ian Gibbons, Mary E. Russell, Eusebio Juaristi, Gerald L. Rowley, Edwin F. Ullman (18 July 1985),
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2631:"British head scientist at US maverick's Silicon Valley start-up took own life over 'unworkable' technology"
2534:"How Elizabeth Holmes fleeced the elites - Big investors were all too willing to believe the Theranos hype."
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Startup Cities: Why Only a Few Cities Dominate the Global Startup Scene and What the Rest Should Do About It
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Zimmerman, Amy (18 March 2019), "'The Inventor': How Elizabeth Holmes Pulled Off the Scam of the Century",
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Gibbons' former colleague Channing Robertson recruited him to work for Theranos as chief scientist in 2005.
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Sumagaysay, Levi (14 March 2018), "SEC charges Theranos, founder Elizabeth Holmes with 'massive' fraud",
1414:"Widow of Theranos scientist blames Elizabeth Holmes for her husband's death: 'She has shown no remorse'"
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to answer questions about improper reuse of past work and the identification of Holmes as a co-inventor.
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Ian Gibbons's career, his time at Theranos, and his death were featured in the second episode of the
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1564:"Ex-Theranos employee's wife: People like Elizabeth Holmes 'should be in jail': 'The Dropout' ep 2"
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2809:"The way Theranos reportedly reacted to the suicide of its chief scientist is unbelievably cold"
1818:"United States Patent: 4946795 - Apparatus and method for dilution and mixing of liquid samples"
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Buni, John (28 March 2019), "Beware festishising founders - just look at the Theranos fiasco",
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3374:"WSJ's John Carreyrou: before he died Theranos Chief Scientist told wife nothing was working"
3345:"Widow of Theranos' former chief scientist speaks out following Elizabeth Holmes' conviction"
2995:"Widow of Theranos' former chief scientist speaks out following Elizabeth Holmes' conviction"
2216:"WSJ's John Carreyrou: before he died Theranos Chief Scientist told wife nothing was working"
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Adaptive Health Management Information Systems: Concepts, Cases, and Practical Applications
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Gibbons, Ian; Hillman, Robert S.; Robertson, Channing R.; Allen, Jimmy D. (7 August 1990).
812:"Enzyme-enhancement immunoassay: A homogeneous assay for polyvalent ligands and antibodies"
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2561:"Here's how the cast of 'The Dropout' compares to the real-life people they're portraying"
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2917:"Walgreens is done with Theranos - Walgreens was Theranos' main source of business, too."
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and multiple surgeries, and was absent for some time from Theranos during his recovery.
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Ian Gibbons; Robert K. DiNello; Roger R. Greenburg; John Olson; Edwin F. Ullman (1985),
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2746:, Palo Alto, California: Daily Post, L.L.C., p. 1, 9 September 2016 – via
2590:"Patent theft suit blames former McDermott partner; defense sees 'smoke and mirrors'"
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3193:"The Dropout release date: Cast, trailer and latest news on Elizabeth Holmes drama"
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2697:"Elizabeth Holmes Found Guilty on Four of 11 Charges In Epic Blood-Testing Trial",
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In 2011, Ian Gibbons became involved in a patent theft case involving Theranos and
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Cohan, Peter S. (7 February 2018), "Chapter 4: Deepening the Human Capital Pool",
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181:. For more than 30 years, Gibbons performed research in medical therapeutics and
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Skewed Studies: Exploring the Limits and Flaws of Health and Psychology Research
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Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology
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Late Bloomers: The Hidden Strengths of Learning and Succeeding at Your Own Pace
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Games of Greed: Excess, Hubris, Fraud, and Theft on Main Street and Wall Street
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2186:"Is 'The Dropout's' Ian Gibbons Based on a Real Person? The Tragic True Story"
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Richard Armenta, Thomas Tarnowski, Ian Gibbons, Edwin F. Ullman (April 1985),
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I Gibbons, T M Hanlon, C N Skold, M E Russell, E F Ullman (1 September 1981),
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After Gibbons's death, lawyers for Theranos threatened his widow — and
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Ian Gibbons, Carl Skold, Gerald L. Rowley, Edwin F. Ullman (February 1980),
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3223:"'The Dropout' Shows How Theranos Founder Elizabeth Holmes' Blood Ran Cold"
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276:. After obtaining his Ph.D., he moved to the United States and completed a
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The Physiology of Emotional and Irrational Investing: Causes and Solutions
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990:— authored while employed at Syva Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA.
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943:— authored while employed at Syva Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA.
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718:"Disposable Plastic Microfluidic Arrays for Applications in Biotechnology"
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that its supposedly revolutionary blood testing devices, requiring only a
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3287:(paperback ed.), New York: Vintage Books: Penguin Random House LLC,
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2356:"Beyond business: Disgraced Theranos bloodied family, friends, neighbors"
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806:— while employed at Syva Research Institute, Palo Alto, California.
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2683:, The Daily Beast Company LLC., p. Section: Con Artist – via
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996:"Reducing background interference activity in enzyme-label immunoassays"
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755:"Homogeneous enzyme immunoassay for proteins employing Ξ²-galactosidase"
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camps in Italy and Poland before being liberated. Ian Gibbons earned a
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1641:"Exclusive: How Elizabeth Holmes's House of Cards Came Tumbling Down"
248:
Ian Gibbons was born and raised in England. His father served in the
2382:
Upgrade Culture and Technological Change: The Business of the Future
512:
In the American biographical television drama miniseries created by
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Dunn, Taylor; Thompson, Victoria; Jarvis, Rebecca (12 March 2019),
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response, Fuisz added Gibbons' name to his list of witnesses to be
2891:
Karlgaard, Rich (2021), "The Cruel Fallacy of Human Measurement",
1591:"Boies, Kissinger, Mattis Make Witness List in Holmes Prosecution"
1092:
E F Ullman, T Tarnowski, P Felgner, I Gibbons (1 September 1987),
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Diagnostic Immunology: Technology Assessment and Quality Assurance
416:
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1144:"Homogeneous enzyme specific binding assay on non-porous surface"
688:"Sub-Microliter Assays and DNA Analysis on Plastic Microfluidics"
602:"Sensitive Homogenous Enzyme Immunoassays for Microbial Antigens"
1724:
Gibbons, Ian; Rowley, Gerald L.; Ullman, Edwin F. (1 May 1982),
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Gibbons became nervous and depressed when he learnt he would be
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Gibbons' career at Theranos is documented in Carreyrou's book
2663:, The Slate Group LLC., p. Section: Culture – via
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2703:, The Daily Beast Company LLC., 3 January 2022 – via
1734:, p. Patent No. 4501692; Application Number: 6/259,629
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2328:, London, England: NLA Access Media Limited – via
3603:
Bad Blood: Secrets and Lies in a Silicon Valley Startup
3284:
Bad Blood: Secrets and Lies in a Silicon Valley Startup
1034:
C Skold; I Gibbons; D Gould; E F Ullman (15 May 1987),
606:
Rapid Detection and Identification of Infectious Agents
522:. In his research for the role, Fry asked show creator
518:, based on the podcast, Gibbons was portrayed by actor
481:
Bad Blood: Secrets and Lies in a Silicon Valley Startup
234:
portrayed Gibbons in the biographical drama miniseries
217:
Bad Blood: Secrets and Lies in a Silicon Valley Startup
2244:
Gieczewski, German; Kosterina, Svetlana (March 2020),
1142:
Litai Weng, Ian Gibbons, Edwin Ullman (January 1987),
572:"Nonseparation Enzyme Immunoassays for Macromolecules"
410:
of May 16, Gibbons ingested a combination of wine and
2766:, p. Web Edition; Section: Business – via
2740:"Story emerges about suicide of Theranos scientist",
2723:, p. Web Edition; Section: Business – via
858:
Ian Gibbons, Gerald L Rowley, Edwin F Ullman (1985),
2629:
Daniel, Hugo; Alexander, Harriet (22 October 2016).
2406:"New Revelations About the Dark History of Theranos"
3642:
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1987:, Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, p. 428,
455:telling the truth here, not lying about Theranos."
148:
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30:
161:(March 6, 1946 β May 23, 2013) was a British
1443:Zehndorfer, Elesa (2018), "Stocks and Suicides",
1847:The Emergence of Charismatic Business Leadership
994:Richar Armenta, Ian Gibbons, John Olson (1987),
446:, after which, Elizabeth Holmes and her partner
1374:"The Inventor: Out for Blood in Silicon Valley"
305:, where he produced groundbreaking research on
2380:Rottinghaus, Adam Richard (2021), "Theranos",
1922:Average Joe: Be the Silicon Valley Tech Genius
485:that she "wished he had never worked there".
196:. Theranos collapsed in 2018 after journalist
3610:The Inventor: Out for Blood in Silicon Valley
3432:
3075:, p. 141-149; Chapter 12: "Ian Gibbons".
8:
3633:United States v. Elizabeth A. Holmes, et al.
3152:
3150:
2859:
2857:
1840:
1838:
1438:
1436:
1236:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1181:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1133:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1083:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1025:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
984:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
937:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
889:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
849:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
800:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
509:United States v. Elizabeth A. Holmes, et al.
188:In 2013, Gibbons intentionally overdosed on
2735:
2733:
2247:Endogenous Experimentation in Organizations
1756:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
341:. He underwent cancer treatments including
3439:
3425:
3417:
429:texted about filing a lawsuit against her.
38:
27:
3106:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3098:
3096:
3087:
3072:
3060:
2988:
2986:
2848:
2833:
2794:
2782:
2616:
2519:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2341:
2311:
2161:
2151:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2106:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2063:
1943:
1803:
1711:
1532:
1501:
1499:
1466:
1353:
1295:
1206:
1111:
1053:
21:For other people with the same name, see
1364:
1362:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1726:"Charge effects in enzyme immunoassays"
1557:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1283:
860:"Charge effects in enzyme immunoassays"
3751:English emigrants to the United States
2588:Cassens Weiss, Debra (14 March 2014).
1634:
1632:
1477:
1475:
1229:
1174:
1126:
1076:
1018:
977:
930:
882:
842:
793:
357:was that the company was operating in
3741:Alumni of the University of Cambridge
3321:"The Dropout Episode 2: The Enforcer"
3162:"The Dropout Episode 2: The Enforcer"
2864:Briquelet, Kate (15 September 2021),
2404:Weisul, Kimberly (6 September 2016),
1677:
1675:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1612:
637:Immobilized Enzymes and Cells, Part C
7:
2807:Hartmans, Avery (6 September 2016),
2476:Dennin, Torsten (2023), "The Rise",
3756:Drug-related suicides in California
2532:Orlowski, Andrew (7 January 2022),
333:hired Ian Gibbons as the company's
220:, and in the second episode of the
1849:, RosettaBooks, pp. 344β345,
618:10.1016/B978-0-12-408550-3.50014-3
286:University of California, Berkeley
121:University of California, Berkeley
14:
2942:Belluz, Julia (20 October 2015),
2559:Sproull, Patrick (6 March 2022),
2007:England, Lucy (15 October 2015),
1639:Bilton, Nick (6 September 2016).
1260:(Supplement 1), Elsevier: 33β36,
692:Micro Total Analysis Systems 2000
240:, which is based on the podcast.
3483:
2993:Werner, Anna (12 January 2022),
2184:Mitchell, Molli (3 March 2022),
1589:Baxter, Brian (30 August 2021),
724:, Springer, pp. 1118β1121,
563:College of American Pathologists
3248:Petski, Denise (10 June 2021).
3111:Martin, Laura (17 March 2022),
3025:Acres, Tom (18 November 2022),
2915:Cooper, Daniel (13 June 2016),
2454:, London, England, p. 19,
2354:Mole, Beth (23 November 2016).
1956:Mole, Beth (23 November 2016),
1194:Journal of Biological Chemistry
504:Federal Bureau of Investigation
442:published a Theranos exposΓ© by
2282:Kelly, Jon (15 October 2015),
2086:Science and Engineering Ethics
1870:"A Presentation For Investors"
1822:US Patent and Trademark Office
1761:Martin, Laura (1 March 2022),
722:Transducers '01 Eurosensors XV
694:, Springer, pp. 541β544,
578:, Springer, pp. 121β143,
533:Science and Engineering Ethics
16:British biochemist (1946-2013)
1:
3191:Craig, David (4 March 2022),
1266:10.1016/S1359-6446(00)01498-7
1208:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)41647-X
730:10.1007/978-3-642-59497-7_264
700:10.1007/978-94-017-2264-3_127
654:10.1016/S0076-6879(87)36011-2
3766:English molecular biologists
2619:, pp. 132β133, 139β140.
1510:, Apress, pp. 110β111,
1162:10.1016/0734-9750(87)90066-8
1055:10.4049/jimmunol.138.10.3408
1014:10.1016/0734-9750(87)90576-3
965:10.1016/0167-4838(85)90132-3
918:10.1016/0003-2697(85)90418-X
878:10.1016/0734-9750(85)90188-0
773:10.1016/0003-2697(80)90334-6
570:Ian Gibbons (January 1985),
527:"epic Shakespearean greed".
167:molecular biology researcher
3396:Publications by Ian Gibbons
2257:, p. 2, archived from
1873:(Investor pitch slide show)
1845:Tedlow, Richard S. (2021),
1246:Ian Gibbons (1 June 2000),
584:10.1007/978-1-4684-5012-5_8
576:Enzyme-Mediated Immunoassay
425:(pictured) and her partner
405:Death and Theranos response
3792:
2506:, Newstex LLC – via
2099:10.1007/s11948-022-00393-2
1321:Kuykendall, Sally (2020),
1113:10.1093/clinchem/33.9.1579
830:10.1093/clinchem/27.9.1602
436:Boies Schiller Flexner LLP
76:Portola Valley, California
20:
3761:Deaths from liver failure
3527:Fortress Investment Group
3481:
2153:10.3389/fsoc.2022.1019804
1920:Livermore, Shawn (2020),
1041:The Journal of Immunology
37:
2384:, Taylor & Francis,
1447:, Taylor & Francis,
912:(1), Elsevier: 211β219,
2044:The Wall Street Journal
905:Analytical Biochemistry
760:Analytical Biochemistry
470:The Wall Street Journal
440:The Wall Street Journal
278:postdoctoral fellowship
274:University of Cambridge
256:he was held captive in
203:The Wall Street Journal
177:, which was founded by
112:University of Cambridge
3566:Theranos investigation
2139:Frontiers in Sociology
1924:, Wiley, p. 320,
1905:. 2012. Archived from
1149:Biotechnology Advances
1001:Biotechnology Advances
865:Biotechnology Advances
539:Frontiers in Sociology
498:, which was hosted by
430:
329:In 2005, Theranos CEO
326:
72:May 23, 2013 (aged 67)
3581:Eleftherios Diamandis
3493:Creditors, investors,
3378:This Week in Startups
2895:, Crown, p. 67,
2480:, River Grove Books,
2220:This Week in Startups
642:Methods in Enzymology
420:
324:
280:in the department of
244:Early life and family
3221:(25 February 2022),
2743:Palo Alto Daily Post
2503:The Business Insider
2255:Princeton University
1983:Tan, Joseph (2019),
1253:Drug Discovery Today
1156:(1), Elsevier: 159,
612:, pp. 155β163,
524:Elizabeth Meriwether
250:British Armed Forces
3771:People from Runcorn
3746:English biochemists
3564:Wall Street Journal
3372:(30 January 2016),
3319:(30 January 2019),
3160:(30 January 2019),
3063:, pp. 300β301.
2973:The Daily Telegraph
2785:, pp. 148β149.
2344:, pp. 145β146.
2314:, pp. 142β143.
2264:on 20 February 2023
2214:(30 January 2016),
2093:(5), Springer: 39,
2037:(16 October 2015),
1806:, pp. 140β141.
1486:The Daily Telegraph
1201:(31): 22148β22155,
648:, pp. 93β103,
467:Beginning in 2015,
355:information siloing
84:Cause of death
3700:Richard Kovacevich
3650:Channing Robertson
3357:), 12 January 2022
3254:Deadline Hollywood
3043:on 5 December 2022
1691:, 9 September 2016
1099:Clinical Chemistry
817:Clinical Chemistry
431:
327:
311:Channing Robertson
260:, and was held in
183:diagnostic testing
173:of the US company
169:who served as the
3713:
3712:
1422:, 12 January 2022
1048:(10): 3408β3414,
739:978-3-540-42150-4
709:978-90-481-5496-8
644:, vol. 136,
593:978-1-4684-5014-9
282:molecular biology
156:
155:
141:Chief Scientist,
3783:
3705:Riley P. Bechtel
3512:Cleveland Clinic
3487:
3462:Elizabeth Holmes
3441:
3434:
3427:
3418:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3370:Calacanis, Jason
3365:
3364:
3362:
3340:
3339:
3337:
3305:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3260:
3245:
3239:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3215:
3209:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3188:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3178:
3154:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3108:
3091:
3085:
3076:
3070:
3064:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3039:, archived from
3022:
3016:
3015:
3014:
3012:
2990:
2981:
2980:
2966:
2960:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2939:
2933:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2912:
2906:
2905:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2861:
2852:
2846:
2837:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2814:Business Insider
2804:
2798:
2792:
2786:
2780:
2771:
2770:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2737:
2728:
2727:
2714:
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2626:
2620:
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2605:
2604:
2602:
2600:
2585:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2556:
2550:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2529:
2523:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2497:
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2473:
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2445:
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2428:
2426:
2401:
2395:
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2377:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2366:
2351:
2345:
2339:
2333:
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2321:
2315:
2309:
2300:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2263:
2252:
2241:
2235:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2212:Calacanis, Jason
2208:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2165:
2155:
2133:
2120:
2119:
2110:
2080:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2014:Business Insider
2004:
1998:
1997:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1953:
1947:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1909:on 6 April 2012.
1895:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1874:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1842:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1813:
1807:
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1795:
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1715:
1709:
1700:
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1679:
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1607:
1606:
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1586:
1580:
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1521:
1520:
1503:
1494:
1493:
1479:
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1458:
1457:
1440:
1431:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1410:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1382:, archived from
1366:
1357:
1351:
1340:
1339:
1318:
1299:
1293:
1268:
1241:
1235:
1227:
1210:
1186:
1180:
1172:
1138:
1132:
1124:
1115:
1106:(9): 1579β1584,
1088:
1082:
1074:
1057:
1030:
1024:
1016:
989:
983:
975:
942:
936:
928:
894:
888:
880:
854:
848:
840:
824:(9): 1602β1608,
805:
799:
791:
747:Journal articles
742:
712:
682:
630:
596:
566:
565:, pp. 31β46
423:Elizabeth Holmes
331:Elizabeth Holmes
297:Biotech research
230:. British actor
179:Elizabeth Holmes
152:Rochelle Gibbons
42:
28:
3791:
3790:
3786:
3785:
3784:
3782:
3781:
3780:
3776:Theranos people
3716:
3715:
3714:
3709:
3670:Henry Kissinger
3638:
3590:
3551:
3494:
3488:
3479:
3450:
3445:
3414:
3387:
3385:
3368:
3360:
3358:
3343:
3335:
3333:
3317:Jarvis, Rebecca
3315:
3312:
3295:
3279:Carreyrou, John
3277:
3274:
3269:
3268:
3258:
3256:
3247:
3246:
3242:
3233:
3231:
3219:Sepinwall, Alan
3217:
3216:
3212:
3203:
3201:
3190:
3189:
3185:
3176:
3174:
3158:Jarvis, Rebecca
3156:
3155:
3148:
3139:
3137:
3110:
3109:
3094:
3086:
3079:
3071:
3067:
3059:
3055:
3046:
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3024:
3023:
3019:
3010:
3008:
2992:
2991:
2984:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2954:
2952:
2941:
2940:
2936:
2927:
2925:
2914:
2913:
2909:
2903:
2890:
2889:
2885:
2876:
2874:
2871:The Daily Beast
2863:
2862:
2855:
2847:
2840:
2832:
2828:
2819:
2817:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2793:
2789:
2781:
2774:
2759:
2758:
2754:
2739:
2738:
2731:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2700:The Daily Beast
2696:
2695:
2691:
2680:The Daily Beast
2676:
2675:
2671:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2628:
2627:
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2615:
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2598:
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2267:
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2250:
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2238:
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2227:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2196:
2194:
2183:
2182:
2178:
2135:
2134:
2123:
2082:
2081:
2070:
2062:
2058:
2049:
2047:
2035:Carreyrou, John
2033:
2032:
2028:
2019:
2017:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1995:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1968:
1966:
1955:
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1932:
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1461:
1455:
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1434:
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1423:
1412:
1411:
1398:
1389:
1387:
1386:on 2 April 2019
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1367:
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1125:
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857:
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710:
685:
664:
633:
628:
599:
594:
569:
556:
553:
548:
465:
407:
375:
361:to protect its
335:chief scientist
319:
299:
294:
262:prisoner of war
246:
171:chief scientist
140:
119:
90:by overdose of
79:
73:
64:
51:
33:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3789:
3787:
3779:
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3646:
3644:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3636:
3629:
3621:
3613:
3606:
3598:
3596:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3586:Rebecca Jarvis
3583:
3578:
3576:John Ioannidis
3573:
3571:John Carreyrou
3568:
3559:
3557:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3549:
3544:
3542:Rupert Murdoch
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
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3514:
3509:
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3311:
3310:External links
3308:
3307:
3306:
3294:978-0525431992
3293:
3273:
3270:
3267:
3266:
3240:
3210:
3183:
3146:
3092:
3090:, p. 238.
3088:Carreyrou 2020
3077:
3073:Carreyrou 2020
3065:
3061:Carreyrou 2020
3053:
3017:
2982:
2961:
2934:
2907:
2902:978-1524759773
2901:
2883:
2853:
2851:, p. 270.
2849:Carreyrou 2020
2838:
2836:, p. 149.
2834:Carreyrou 2020
2826:
2799:
2797:, p. 148.
2795:Carreyrou 2020
2787:
2783:Carreyrou 2020
2772:
2763:East Bay Times
2752:
2729:
2720:East Bay Times
2709:
2689:
2669:
2648:
2621:
2617:Carreyrou 2020
2606:
2580:
2551:
2524:
2522:, p. 143.
2520:Carreyrou 2020
2512:
2492:
2487:978-1632996428
2486:
2468:
2431:
2396:
2391:978-1000513790
2390:
2372:
2346:
2342:Carreyrou 2020
2334:
2316:
2312:Carreyrou 2020
2301:
2274:
2236:
2203:
2176:
2121:
2068:
2066:, p. 141.
2064:Carreyrou 2020
2056:
2026:
1999:
1994:978-1284153897
1993:
1975:
1948:
1946:, p. 146.
1944:Carreyrou 2020
1936:
1931:978-1119618874
1930:
1912:
1890:
1861:
1856:978-1948122849
1855:
1834:
1808:
1804:Carreyrou 2020
1796:
1744:
1716:
1714:, p. 145.
1712:Carreyrou 2020
1701:
1671:
1608:
1581:
1537:
1535:, p. 147.
1533:Carreyrou 2020
1522:
1517:978-1484233931
1516:
1495:
1471:
1469:, p. 144.
1467:Carreyrou 2020
1459:
1454:978-1351978811
1453:
1432:
1396:
1358:
1356:, p. 142.
1354:Carreyrou 2020
1341:
1336:978-1440863998
1335:
1329:, p. 15,
1300:
1298:, p. 140.
1296:Carreyrou 2020
1282:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1269:
1243:
1187:
1139:
1089:
1031:
991:
944:
895:
872:(1): 126β127,
855:
807:
767:(1): 167β170,
748:
745:
744:
743:
738:
713:
708:
683:
662:
646:Academic Press
631:
626:
610:Academic Press
597:
592:
567:
552:
549:
547:
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500:Rebecca Jarvis
475:John Carreyrou
464:
461:
444:John Carreyrou
406:
403:
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373:Patent lawsuit
371:
318:
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298:
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245:
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198:John Carreyrou
154:
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139:& Biotrack
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3754:
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3747:
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3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3731:2013 suicides
3729:
3727:
3724:
3723:
3721:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3690:Gary Roughead
3688:
3686:
3685:William Foege
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3665:William Perry
3663:
3661:
3660:George Shultz
3658:
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3643:Board members
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3556:Investigation
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3537:Walton family
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3468:Sunny Balwani
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2100:
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2060:
2057:
2046:
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2036:
2030:
2027:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2003:
2000:
1996:
1990:
1986:
1979:
1976:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1952:
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1945:
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1933:
1927:
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1879:. 1 June 2006
1878:
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1625:
1623:
1621:
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1609:
1598:
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1596:Bloomberg Law
1592:
1585:
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1571:
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1565:
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1069:
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1022:
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1007:
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992:
987:
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966:
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945:
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934:
927:
923:
919:
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911:
907:
906:
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892:
886:
879:
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871:
867:
866:
861:
856:
852:
846:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
818:
813:
808:
803:
797:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
761:
756:
751:
750:
746:
741:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
714:
711:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
684:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
663:9780121820367
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
638:
632:
629:
627:9780124085503
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
598:
595:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
568:
564:
560:
555:
554:
551:Book chapters
550:
545:
543:
541:
540:
535:
534:
528:
525:
521:
517:
516:
511:
510:
505:
501:
497:
496:
491:
486:
483:
482:
476:
472:
471:
462:
460:
456:
453:
449:
448:Sunny Balwani
445:
441:
437:
428:
427:Sunny Balwani
424:
419:
415:
413:
412:acetaminophen
404:
402:
399:
394:
392:
386:
382:
380:
379:Richard Fuisz
372:
370:
366:
364:
363:trade secrets
360:
356:
350:
346:
344:
340:
336:
332:
323:
316:
314:
312:
308:
304:
296:
291:
289:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
252:, and during
251:
243:
241:
239:
238:
233:
229:
228:
223:
219:
218:
212:
209:
205:
204:
199:
195:
194:liver failure
191:
190:acetaminophen
186:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
151:
147:
144:
138:
134:
132:Occupation(s)
130:
126:
122:
117:
113:
110:
106:
103:
100:
96:
93:
92:acetaminophen
89:
86:
82:
77:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
50:March 6, 1946
49:
45:
41:
36:
29:
24:
19:
3631:
3628:(miniseries)
3623:
3616:
3608:
3601:
3563:
3495:and partners
3473:
3413:
3400:ResearchGate
3386:, retrieved
3377:
3359:, retrieved
3350:CBS Mornings
3348:
3334:, retrieved
3324:
3282:
3257:. Retrieved
3253:
3243:
3232:, retrieved
3226:
3213:
3202:, retrieved
3196:
3186:
3175:, retrieved
3165:
3138:, retrieved
3116:
3068:
3056:
3045:, retrieved
3041:the original
3030:
3020:
3009:, retrieved
3000:CBS Mornings
2998:
2978:Gale OneFile
2976:– via
2971:
2964:
2953:, retrieved
2947:
2937:
2926:, retrieved
2920:
2910:
2892:
2886:
2875:, retrieved
2869:
2829:
2818:, retrieved
2812:
2802:
2790:
2761:
2755:
2741:
2718:
2712:
2698:
2692:
2678:
2672:
2658:
2651:
2634:
2624:
2597:. Retrieved
2593:
2583:
2572:, retrieved
2569:Insider Inc.
2564:
2554:
2543:, retrieved
2537:
2527:
2515:
2508:Gale OneFile
2501:
2495:
2477:
2471:
2464:Gale OneFile
2462:– via
2449:
2423:, retrieved
2409:
2399:
2381:
2375:
2363:. Retrieved
2360:Ars Technica
2359:
2349:
2337:
2330:Gale OneFile
2325:
2319:
2293:, retrieved
2287:
2277:
2266:, retrieved
2259:the original
2246:
2239:
2228:, retrieved
2219:
2206:
2195:, retrieved
2189:
2179:
2143:
2137:
2090:
2084:
2059:
2048:, retrieved
2042:
2029:
2018:, retrieved
2012:
2002:
1984:
1978:
1967:, retrieved
1963:Ars Technica
1961:
1951:
1939:
1921:
1915:
1907:the original
1903:Theranos.com
1902:
1899:"Management"
1893:
1881:. Retrieved
1876:
1864:
1846:
1825:. Retrieved
1821:
1811:
1799:
1788:, retrieved
1766:
1736:, retrieved
1729:
1719:
1693:, retrieved
1686:
1662:. Retrieved
1644:
1600:, retrieved
1594:
1584:
1573:, retrieved
1567:
1507:
1491:Gale OneFile
1489:– via
1484:
1462:
1444:
1424:, retrieved
1417:
1388:, retrieved
1384:the original
1377:
1370:Gibney, Alex
1322:
1257:
1251:
1198:
1192:
1191:subunits.",
1153:
1147:
1103:
1097:
1045:
1039:
1005:
999:
959:(1): 64β70,
956:
952:
909:
903:
869:
863:
821:
815:
764:
758:
721:
691:
636:
605:
575:
558:
546:Bibliography
537:
531:
529:
513:
507:
494:
487:
479:
468:
466:
457:
439:
432:
408:
395:
387:
383:
376:
367:
359:stealth mode
351:
347:
343:chemotherapy
339:colon cancer
328:
307:immunoassays
303:Syva Company
300:
270:biochemistry
258:North Africa
254:World War II
247:
235:
226:
215:
213:
201:
200:revealed in
187:
158:
157:
135:Researcher,
18:
3736:2013 deaths
3726:1946 births
3655:David Boies
3625:The Dropout
3617:The Dropout
3547:Betsy Devos
3474:Ian Gibbons
3405:Ian Gibbons
3388:26 February
3361:21 February
3326:The Dropout
3272:Works cited
3234:24 February
3204:26 February
3198:Radio Times
3167:The Dropout
3140:26 February
3011:21 February
2955:25 February
2928:25 February
2877:25 February
2820:25 February
2594:ABA Journal
2425:25 February
2295:25 February
2289:Vanity Fair
2268:20 February
2230:26 February
2197:25 February
2050:25 February
2020:25 February
1969:25 February
1695:25 February
1688:News.com.au
1646:Vanity Fair
1575:25 February
1426:20 February
520:Stephen Fry
515:The Dropout
495:The Dropout
452:David Boies
237:The Dropout
232:Stephen Fry
227:The Dropout
208:fingerstick
159:Ian Gibbons
98:Nationality
32:Ian Gibbons
23:Ian Gibbons
3720:Categories
3695:Jim Mattis
3680:Bill Frist
3455:Key people
3380:(Video on
3353:(Video on
3303:1059317847
3003:(Video on
2222:(Video on
1877:SlideShare
1651:CondΓ© Nast
1273:References
1008:(2): 357,
398:subpoenaed
163:biochemist
3620:(podcast)
3502:Walgreens
3135:824603960
3127:0194-9535
3037:Sky Group
2643:0307-1235
2460:0140-0460
2451:The Times
2420:0162-8968
1785:824603960
1777:0194-9535
1659:0733-8899
672:0076-6879
473:reporter
272:from the
108:Education
3675:Sam Nunn
3517:Novartis
3448:Theranos
3331:ABC News
3281:(2020),
3172:ABC News
3032:Sky News
2922:Engadget
2768:NewsBank
2748:NewsBank
2725:NewsBank
2705:NewsBank
2685:NewsBank
2665:NewsBank
2545:26 April
2191:Newsweek
2172:36386856
2117:36040562
1569:ABC News
1419:CBS News
1327:ABC-CLIO
1232:citation
1217:54114375
1177:citation
1170:08838531
1129:citation
1079:citation
1072:24513658
1021:citation
980:citation
933:citation
885:citation
845:citation
796:citation
781:01481077
492:podcast
490:ABC News
463:In media
317:Theranos
224:podcast
222:ABC News
175:Theranos
143:Theranos
58:Cheshire
3507:Safeway
3382:YouTube
3355:YouTube
3336:5 March
3259:10 June
3177:5 March
3118:Esquire
3047:5 March
3005:YouTube
2599:11 June
2574:5 March
2565:Insider
2365:11 June
2326:City AM
2224:YouTube
2163:9650410
2108:9425795
1827:23 July
1790:5 March
1768:Esquire
1738:5 March
1602:7 March
1390:1 April
1225:1429567
1122:3304713
1064:2437192
973:2410029
926:3922243
838:6790197
789:6766686
680:3316931
391:deposed
284:of the
125:Postdoc
102:British
88:Suicide
62:England
54:Runcorn
3532:Pfizer
3301:
3291:
3133:
3125:
2899:
2641:
2539:Spiked
2484:
2458:
2418:
2388:
2170:
2160:
2115:
2105:
1991:
1928:
1883:7 June
1853:
1783:
1775:
1731:Justia
1664:1 June
1657:
1514:
1451:
1333:
1223:
1215:
1168:
1120:
1070:
1062:
971:
924:
836:
787:
779:
736:
706:
678:
670:
660:
624:
590:
292:Career
149:Spouse
78:, U.S.
3595:Other
3476:(CSO)
3470:(COO)
3464:(CEO)
2660:Slate
2262:(PDF)
2251:(PDF)
1278:Notes
1068:S2CID
266:Ph.D.
116:Ph.D.
3409:IMDb
3390:2023
3363:2023
3338:2023
3299:OCLC
3289:ISBN
3261:2021
3236:2023
3206:2023
3179:2023
3142:2023
3131:OCLC
3123:ISSN
3049:2023
3013:2023
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