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1203:(or V-thread/A-thread). This consists of two intersecting tunnels bored into the ice using ice screws that form a V-shaped tunnel. A sling is threaded through this tunnel and tied into a loop. The climbing rope is passed through this sling, which remains left behind after use. Because of the difficulty in construction, the common use of V-threads is as anchor points for
1117:: Modern ice climbing requires double ice axes (or ergo ice tools); a key decision is whether it uses a leash or not. Competition ice climbing has prohibited leashes (as they can be used for aid), and most extreme mixed climbing tends not to use leashes. However, the lack of a leash means that the shock of any sudden "blowout" of the feet, can lead to an immediate fall.
4838:
703:. Ice screws require considerable experience to use properly and safely, and given that the underlying condition of the ice can change materially over time (including constantly breaking off), the seriousness of leading an ice climbing route is considered to be greater than that of a traditional rock climbing route. For example, while an intermediate ice climber could
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in Canada, an unusual situation arises where a perennially active waterfall keeps severely overhanging rock faces covered in thick ice, thus creating overhanging ice routes. Ice climbers have established bolted routes (there is enough rock for the bolts) that are graded above WI7 (currently at WI13,
1266:
Once the higher axe has been secured into the ice, the climber â resting their weight on the higher axe â will bring their feet up into a "squat position" until they are again level. Once the feet are secured and front-pointed into the ice, the climber will stand up straight and will start to swing
1180:, a hollow metal threaded steel tube with cutting teeth on its base and a hanger eye on the opposite end. It is screwed into the ice and its stability is dependent both on the angle and quality of its placement and the soundness of the ice. Some ice climbs, such as in Helmcken Falls (see below), and
883:
designed the all-metal aluminum alloy ice axe that had a radically dropped pick called the "Terrordactyl" (or Terror). These two ice axes revolutionized ice climbing and eventually became merged into the modern all-metal ice axe (later the ice tool) with its dropped pick but curved and serrated tip
1318:
from WI1 up to WI6, but after M6, mixed climbs become overhanging, which ice does not. WI-grades try to take some account of the difficulty of placing protection on the route but, as with M-grades, are more focused on the technical and physical challenge of the route, and are thus more akin to the
1262:
The ice axes (or ice tools) are rarely held at the same level â which can result in a very inefficient and energy-sapping "chicken wing" action â and thus there will usually be a higher axe placed at close to maximum extension above the climber and a second one placed below it (see photo opposite).
1233:
The core techniques that are used in ice climbing are considered to be straightforward for even a novice to understand, however, it takes experience and skill to apply them efficiently and safely. This is particularly relevant on very steep ice (i.e. at or above the grade of WI4) where inefficient
838:
Ice climbing routes normally don't move beyond the sheer vertical for sustained distances due to the nature of ice (i.e. ice rarely stays in an overhanging fashion for any length of time). This means that standard ice-climbing grades broadly peak at WI6-7 (i.e. WI7 being completely sheer vertical
1475:
There has been debate in the ice climbing world around whether
Helmcken-WI routes are M-grade climbs. In 2023, British ice climber Neil Gresham said that Helmcken routes are "definitely harder" than WI7 routes and that a confident M-climber will take time to adjust to the Helmcken WI-equivalent.
919:
By the end of the 1980s, ice climbers had effectively reached the limits of what could be climbed at grade WI6-7; ultimately, the inherent tendency of the medium to hang in a vertical fashion limited the possibilities for development. It was mixed climbing that began to drive development in ice
1390:
WI7: "As per above, but on thin poorly bonded ice or long, overhanging poorly adhered columns. Protection is impossible or very difficult to place and of dubious quality". Gadd calls WI7, "Semi-mythical", and "with a high publicity co-efficient, that often becomes a WI6 on repeat". In 2023,
1443:
in Canada that had unique characteristics. Unlike WI7 ice routes that rarely overhang, these routes were significantly overhanging like extreme M-graded routes. This was due to the intense spray from the active waterfall, which covered the overhanging routes in ice so that there was little
2065:
There must be absolutely no falling while leading ice. Unlike rock, the ice protection is more spread out, the medium is less predictable, the terrain tends to have more ledges, and an ice climber has too many sharp points attached to themselves (which can catch on the ice or stab body
1455:
like M-grade climbs (a metal detector is used to find the bolts), Emmett and Gadd re-established the link with M-grades as a guide on the WI-grade. The result was a series of new routes that laid claim to being the new "world's technically hardest ice climbing routes", starting with
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routes, are not explicitly graded but instead, their steepest angle (approximate figure or a range) is quoted (e.g. 60â70 degree slope). WI-grade is for "seasonal" hard ice; an AI prefix is used instead for "alpine ice", which is year-round and usually firmer, more stable, making
2033:
I committed the cardinal sin of ice climbing: I fell on lead. I'd had the maxims of The Leader Shall Not Fall! and The First Rule of
Falling When Ice Climbing Is Don't Fall When Ice Climbing drilled into my head since my first days learning the craft on drips near New
1127:, to maintain greater control and cutting accuracy. Some favor the front points to be "vertical" (i.e. like a mini-ice tool), which increases cutting power but is less stable and can "blowout" without warning; others use the traditional "horizontal" (i.e. flat like an
834:
that are permanently frozen year-round. Giant icicles (also known as ice-daggers) have also been climbed as ice routes, and also as part of mixed routes; although such icicles can often dangerously break off and have been a source of several ice climber fatalities.
1733:
699:), removes this temporary climbing protection as they climb the route after the lead climber has reached the top. In contrast to free rock climbing, the climbing protection used when leading ice climbing routes is based on the use of specialized steel
916:(WI6 M7 A2, 1983) in the Alaska Range applied the highest levels of ice climbing skill to a major alpine first ascent; and the list goes on. Waterfall ice climbing, though initially pursued for its own sake, ended up revolutionizing alpine climbing".
908:: "By the early 1980s ice climbing, from being merely one of the techniques in the alpinist's arsenal, had evolved into a full-blown technical art. The skills gained on waterfalls also gave rise to a whole new generation of alpine climbs.
943:
in Canada that ice climbing development would take a leap forward in technical development. Helmcken Fall's unique characteristics provided severely overhanging iced-routes, and in the next decade, grades were proposed up to WI13 with
1246:, which means kicking the front spike(s) of the climber's crampon into the ice to enable the climber to ascend the face. A critical part of front-pointing is ensuring that the heels are neither elevated â as often required in
1591:. First ascent was in 1979 by Jim Elzinga and John Lauchlan; considered an important early example of the blurring between alpine climbing and pure ice climbing and the first major alpine, serac waterfall route in the Rockies.
1046:
Over the years, the UIAA has increased the regulation and use around competition ice climbing equipment, including the prohibition of leashes on ice tools (so they cannot be used as aid), and increased controls on the use of
901:
Chouinard and McInnes' ice axes would lead to an explosion of interest in climbing on frozen waterfalls in the North
American Rockies and in the European Alps. Ice climber and climbing author Raphael Slawinski wrote in the
839:
ice and with additional risk issues). In contrast, extreme mixed-climbing routes have been developed beyond the equivalent M8-grade (i.e. crossing bare overhanging rock roofs to get to the vertical hanging icicle, such as
647:
in Canada have been able to use the unique characteristics of the waterfall to create new severely overhanging bolted ice climbing routes, that are graded up to WI13, and are the hardest technical ice climbs in the world.
1680:. First ascent was in 2002 by Eric Dumerac and Philippe Pellet; initially graded WI8, but considered one of the few routes that are truly above WI7 (pre-Helmcken Falls), and the hardest route in the world at the time.
611:
peak at WI6 to WI7 as ice tends to hang vertically at its most severe. WI7 is very rare and usually attributed to overhanging ice with serious risk issues (i.e. unstable ice, little protection, and a risk of death).
1578:
The following ice climbs are particularly notable in the evolution of ice climbing grade milestones and ice climbing standards from being a skill used by alpine climbing to a standalone sport in its own right:
591:
that require skill to employ safely and rely on the ice holding firm in any fall. Ice climbing routes can vary significantly by type, and include seasonally frozen waterfalls, high permanently frozen alpine
1387:
WI6: "A full rope length of near-90Âș ice with no rests, or a shorter pitch more tenuous than WI5. Highly technical". According to Gadd, "the best climbers will find an occasional reason to retreat at WI6".
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In moving upwards, ice climbers start from a balanced position with both feet exactly level, shoulder-width apart, and front-pointed into the ice, with the knees slightly bent forward and touching the ice.
1687:
WI7+ Gasteinertal, Austria. First ascent was in 2010 by Albert
Leichtfried and Benedikt Purner; considered one of the hardest routes in the world at the time and another of the few ice climbing routes at
4723:
1360:(republished in 2013) who note: "Ice climbing ratings are highly variable by region and are still evolving. ... The following descriptions approximate the average systems:": Additional comment is from
830:. A common type of ice route is a frozen waterfall, particularly one that cascades down a mountain face or a down-mountain gully. Ice climbing routes can also take the form of high alpine snow-covered
1374:
WI3: "Sustained 70Âș with possible long bulges of 80Âșâ90Âș; reasonable rests and good stances for placing screws". Will Gadd calls it "proper technical ice climbing needing a rope and double ice axes".
4718:
1371:
WI2: "Consistent 60Âș ice with possible bulges; good protection". Beginner routes can, if needed, be climbed with one ice axe; Will Gadd notes that WI2 has "more accidents than any other grade".
1137:. Ice climbers can use the "shell" or "plastic" rigid mountaineering boots used by alpine climbers, to which crampons are attached. Advanced mixed climbers, and competition ice climbers, use "
707:
a WI4-graded ice climbing route, leading WI4-graded route is a far more serious undertaking. In contrast to rock climbing, "the leader must not fall" ethos is a core part of ice climbing.
1613:. First ascent was in 1987 by Larry Ostrander and Jeff Marshall; considered an early WI7 contender in ice climbing, and the hardest ice route at the time; grade since softened to WI6+.
1001:
has organized and regulated the sport of competition ice climbing since 2002 when the very first "Ice World Cup" (IWC) competition took place under the new UIAA rules and codes.
1602:. First ascent was in 1983 by Kevin Doyle and Tim Friesen; considered an early WI7 contender in ice climbing, and the hardest ice route at the time; grade since softened to WI6.
5322:
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1404:
WI8: "Under discussion". According to Gadd, "only claimed a few times", and "either bad gear and bad ice", or "an overhanging glacial serac that is like an M8 in physicality".
4782:
3154:
725:, where it is still a key component of the alpinist's skill set. Where the ice climbing route does not fully consist of ice and has elements of bare rock, it is known as
5240:
5018:
1384:
WI5: "Long and strenuous, with a rope length of 85Âșâ90Âș ice offering few good rests; or a shorter pitch of thin or bad ice with protection thatâs difficult to place".
4876:
1353:" (a Roman numeral from I to VII) is also added to reflect the seriousness of the overall undertaking (e.g. the grade of a Canadian ice route can appear as III-5)
3725:
1545:, which is ice climbing on bare rock, the M-grade is replaced by a "D" prefix to denote a pure 'dry-tooling' route, however, the systems are otherwise identical.
1368:
WI1: "Low angle, no ice tools are required". Like scrambling with 10-point crampons up a frozen river, does not require double ice axes or front-pointing skills.
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dry-tooled bare rock overhangs and roofs to get to more radical ice features, such as hanging icicles; the culmination of which was Lowe's historic ascent of
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1250:â or held too low; both scenarios which can result in the front teeth of the crampon shearing off from the ice and the climber losing their foothold(s).
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1527:(i.e. there are both ice and bare rock sections), a separate M-grading grading system is used, which goes from M1, M2, M3, ..... , M13, M14, etc.
1665:, and Fulvio Conta; considered the hardest ice climb in Europe at the time and a breakthrough in standards; mostly bolted now and grade softened.
3195:
1267:
with the other axe to reach the next position of maximum extension above their body. The technique has been described as "squat-stand-swing".
1234:
technique will quickly drain the climber's energy, resulting in a potential break of the "golden rule of ice climbing", which is "don't fall".
2482:
5282:
5013:
4997:
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616:
has pushed the technical difficulty of ice climbing routes by crossing bare rock overhangs and roofs (using ice tools on bare rock is called
1987:
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4869:
3720:
2675:
2389:
2153:"Degrees of Freedom: From dry tooling to figure fours, M-climbing in the mountains is redefining the vision of what's a climbable line"
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routes in rock climbing; they do not carry the significant danger of a traditional +WI5 non-bolted ice climbing route that relies on
5124:
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1039:). In contrast, the IWC speed-climbing routes are on a standardized 40â50 ft (12â15 m) wall of ice that takes seconds for
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WI4: "Continuous 80Âș ice fairly long sections of 90Âș ice broken up by occasional rests". According to Gadd, "Strong novices can
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1015:
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540:
1085:. However, the nature of the medium means that ice climbers also use equipment that is specific to their type of climbing.
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designed a new wooden-handled ice axe with a curved serrated pick called the "Climax". This was followed in 1970, when
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guide book as "so dangerous as to be of little value except to those suicidally inclined"; possibly first-ever WI7.
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729:. Where the route has no ice whatsoever, but the climber still uses the ice tools and crampons, it is known as
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128:
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1723:
W13. First ascent by Tim Emmett and Klemen Premrl at
Helmcken Falls; first-ever WI13 in ice climbing; bolted.
1716:
W12. First ascent by Tim Emmett and Klemen Premrl at
Helmcken Falls; first-ever WI12 in ice climbing; bolted.
1709:
W11. First ascent by Tim Emmett and Klemen Premrl at
Helmcken Falls; first-ever WI11 in ice climbing; bolted.
875:
to climb harder ice routes but this was dangerous and very unstable. The breakthrough came in the 1960s when
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912:(WI4+, 1979) in the Canadian Rockies blurred the distinction between waterfall ice and alpine climbing; the
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As well as ice screws, the ice itself can be used for protection, with the most common technique being the
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1700:
WI10. First ascent by Tim Emmett and Will Gadd at
Helmcken Falls; first-ever WI10 in ice climbing; bolted.
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718:
which is a much safer form of ice climbing and the format used for novices being introduced to the sport.
636:
443:
121:
1314:
Ice climbing uses a WI (for "water ice") grading system. WI-grades broadly equate to the mixed climbing
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rock climbing routes, they have become popular as safer alternatives to traditional ice climbing routes.
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In Canada, the WI prefix is sometimes dropped from the grade, and for longer multi-pitch ice routes, a "
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consisting of frozen water. To ascend, the ice climber uses specialist equipment, particularly double
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Climber with their weight on their higher axe front-pointing their right leg into the squat position.
1134:
1123:: Ice climbers often use mono-point crampons instead of the more typical dual-point crampons used by
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195:
176:
1413:
1141:", which are light boots with crampons integrated into the sole. In addition, fruit boots can add "
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Most of the IWC lead climbing routes are held on bolted dry artificial surfaces and thus employ
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2961:"Centercourt WI7+, new extreme ice climb in Austria's Gasteinertal by Leichtfried and Purner"
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3104:""Mission to Mars" Is Tim Emmett and Klem Premrl's New WI 13 (What?!) at Helmcken Falls"
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A number of notable climbing films have been made that feature ice climbing, including:
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3155:"Dani Arnold free solo climbs Beta Block Super icefall up Breitwangfluh in Switzerland"
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The WI-grade is for "hard ice"; steep snow slopes, which are encountered frequently on
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Amongst others, the UIAA runs two main competition ice climbing events, the annual
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format that uses a standardized wall of real ice. Since 2010, ice climbers at
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magazine wrote that leading
Canadian ice climbers such as Quentin Roberts and
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928:(WI6, M8) in Vail in 1994, which lead to the birth of modern mixed climbing.
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Ice climbing involves using specific pieces of specialized equipment, namely
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921:
840:
700:
588:
416:
343:
17:
1101:
1628:
and Randy
Rackliff; never been repeated and described by Albi Sole in the
6591:
6586:
6576:
6545:
6509:
6504:
6494:
6346:
6294:
6269:
6128:
6123:
6014:
5920:
5621:
5536:
5526:
4563:
4413:
4149:
4112:
4070:
4060:
3378:
2787:"Tom Ballard claims world's first D15 dry tooling climb in the Dolomites"
1865:
Because the ice climbing routes at Helmcken Falls all have fixed in-situ
1516:
1480:
1378:
1208:
1114:
949:
721:
Ice climbing was developed as part of the broader climbing discipline of
704:
669:
576:
564:
438:
421:
75:
4854:
6601:
6499:
6469:
6414:
6404:
6229:
6163:
6158:
6143:
6138:
6118:
5764:
5611:
5476:
5028:
4179:
4065:
4015:
3871:
3635:
1120:
1110:
871:
skill set. During the 1960s, ambitious early ice climbers began to use
831:
696:
673:
593:
580:
572:
363:
1154:
6530:
6153:
5964:
4027:
3993:
1204:
597:
3275:
Ice & Mixed Climbing: Improve Technique, Safety, and Performance
2328:
1988:"Woman dies saving fellow climber from ice column collapse in Utah"
1401:
had publicly stated that pure WI7 grades could not exist in nature.
1008:(which is run as a series of events in the year) and the bi-annual
607:(where ice climbing skills are used on ice and snow). Ice climbing
6665:
6484:
6399:
6314:
6239:
6073:
6066:
4776:
4623:
4095:
3973:
3805:
1731:
1562:
1496:
1412:
1298:
1279:
1224:
1153:
1100:
1092:
1014:
886:
872:
655:
603:
From the 1970s, ice climbing developed as a standalone skill from
36:
2390:"Fish Out of Ice: A Beginner Takes on the Ice Climbing World Cup"
6319:
6264:
6224:
5938:
3321:
1821:
1820:, a 2003 docudrama about a famous alpine climbing rescue in the
1479:
Emmett has described Helmcken as the ice climbing equivalent of
1128:
624:
6029:
5358:
4858:
3351:
6056:
5812:
3074:"Wolverine and the first WI 11 in the history of ice climbing"
1483:, and it has attracted some of the world's best ice climbers.
733:. Because mixed climbing and dry-tooling routes can be fully
3317:
1356:
The following WI-grades and descriptions are provided by the
948:
in 2020. Emmett and Gadd consider Helmcken to be a potential
4777:
Union Internationale des Associations de Guides de Montagnes
3231:
Ice World: Techniques and Experiences of Modern Ice Climbing
2735:"Huge Canadian Waterfall Attracts Strong Climbers in Winter"
1915:
Ice World: Techniques and Experiences of Modern Ice Climbing
1748:
A number of ice climbers have set new grade milestones in a
30:
This article is about the activity. For the video game, see
3347:
2705:"New Sends We Cared About: A WI 6+ Free Solo FA (and more)"
2200:"New Ice Climb Gets Elusive WI7, Here's Some Grade History"
1808:, a 2021 documentary film about the late Canadian alpinist
999:
International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation (UIAA)
2245:"Emmett talks about "Mission to Mars" and Helmcken Falls"
1643:, Italy. First ascent was in 1989 by a non-local team of
1065:
Ice climbing uses items of equipment that are common in
2917:"Repentance Super, the most coveted ice climb in Cogne"
1692:
The grade milestones at Helmcken Falls are as follows:
1043:
ice climbers to complete (as per speed rock climbing).
695:
into the route as they ascend. The second climber (or
6025:
3174:"Dani Arnold Free Soloing a 1,000-Foot WI 7 Ice Climb"
2761:"Hard New Climb at One of Canada's Highest Waterfalls"
1812:, featuring his free solo ascent of several ice routes
4719:
Federación Española de Deportes de Montaña y Escalada
1786:
WI7 Breitwangfluh, Switzerland. Free solo in 2017 by
1242:
Modern ice climbing is built around the technique of
1051:" while climbing (to counter their use for resting).
867:
For decades, ice and mixed climbing were part of the
5323:
International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation
4771:
International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation
4724:
Fédération française de la montagne et de l'escalade
2422:
International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation
2362:"The Strange Underworld of Competition Ice Climbing"
2334:
International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation
2120:(1st ed.). Mountaineers Books. pp. 84â86.
1962:(1st ed.). Mountaineers Books. pp. 14â35.
6600:
6564:
6518:
6462:
6390:
6333:
6192:
6106:
6080:
5952:
5919:
5883:
5845:
5805:
5747:
5694:
5620:
5545:
5502:
5392:
5332:
5309:
5302:
5270:
5263:
5218:
5142:
5117:
5048:
5041:
5006:
4973:
4966:
4959:
4943:
4892:
4783:
Union of International Mountain Leader Associations
4757:
4664:
4657:
4501:
4451:
4370:
4363:
4246:
4125:
4036:
3796:
3787:
3780:
3678:
3603:
3532:
3497:
3401:
3392:
3385:
3129:"Guy Lacelle and His Epic Ice Solos on Trophy Wall"
2839:"Gimme Shelter in Canadian Rockies Climbed in 2019"
1555:
Mixed climbing § Evolution of grade milestones
714:, which is an even riskier undertaking, or done as
1145:", which are used in mixed climbing for overhangs.
2865:"Legendary Rockies Riptide WI6+ Climbed in 2021"
2445:"The Best Ice and Mixed Climbing Tools for 2023"
2046:Issac, Sean; Banfield, Tim (19 November 2021).
1752:style (i.e. no protection such as ice screws):
3049:"These are the 10 hardest climbs in the world"
1188:routes, have enough rock to enable them to be
664:(180-metres, WI4+), in the Val di Cogne, Italy
6041:
5370:
4924:
4870:
3363:
2813:"Jim Elzinga and Slipstream, a 35-Year Story"
2572:"Six Classic WI6 Canadian Rockies Ice Climbs"
2546:"Ice Climbing for Beginners: Don't Ever Fall"
1330:grades, although as with the US system, the "
541:
8:
2615:
2613:
2417:"UIAA Statement on Competition Ice Climbing"
2271:"Legendary Climber Dr. Hamish MacInnes Dies"
1439:and Will Gadd began to put up ice routes at
5288:UIAA Ice Climbing World Youth Championships
4951:Ranking of career IFSC victories by climber
2891:"10 of Canada's Hardest Ice Climbs at WI6+"
2611:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2603:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2595:
2593:
1021:UIAA Ice Climbing World Youth Championships
6339:
6048:
6034:
6026:
5377:
5363:
5355:
5317:International Federation of Sport Climbing
5306:
5267:
5045:
4970:
4963:
4877:
4863:
4855:
4765:International Federation of Sport Climbing
4661:
4367:
3793:
3784:
3398:
3389:
3370:
3356:
3348:
3253:Ice & Mixed Climbing: Modern Technique
2988:"Austrians Overcome X-rated Grade WI7 Ice"
2936:"Rites of Passage: Canadian WI 8 Repeated"
2118:Ice & Mixed Climbing: Modern Technique
1960:Ice & Mixed Climbing: Modern Technique
826:Ice climbing can take on a broad range of
548:
534:
62:
2297:"The Moonflower Buttress (Bibler/Klewin)"
1559:List of grade milestones in rock climbing
3196:"The 20 Best Climbing Films of All Time"
1081:, as well as mechanical devices such as
4991:IFSC Climbing World Youth Championships
2670:
2668:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2476:
2474:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2323:
2321:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2048:"Four Tips to Lead Ice With Confidence"
1894:
1873:, they are much safer and more akin to
1855:
1346:routes slightly easier than WI routes.
467:
407:
329:
255:
154:
90:
74:
3172:Luthiger, Valentin (28 January 2018).
2729:
2727:
2676:"International Grade Comparison Chart"
2666:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2621:"International Grade Comparison Chart"
2146:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1448:, with all the movements on hard ice.
587:the route, the ice climber uses steel
5283:UIAA Ice Climbing World Championships
4998:IFSC Paraclimbing World Championships
3194:Bisharat, Andrew (6 September 2022).
3097:
3095:
3042:
3040:
3038:
3036:
3014:McDonald, Dougald (12 January 2010).
2934:McDonald, Dougald (7 November 2003).
2194:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2074:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1924:
7:
6650:
4825:
3277:(2nd ed.). Mountaineers Books.
3255:(1st ed.). Mountaineers Books.
3233:(1st ed.). Mountaineers Books.
2703:Potter, Stephen (23 February 2023).
1861:
1859:
1427:high up on the severely overhanging
1105:Horizontal (l), Vertical (r) crampon
4837:
3292:Banfield, Tim; Isaac, Sean (2021).
3016:"New Austrian Ice Route Given WI7+"
2519:"Steep Ice Climbing Skills Special"
2016:"Was I Wrong To Call For a Rescue?"
1012:(a single, once-off, competition).
884:(the now familiar "banana shape").
687:, and performed in pairs where the
567:discipline that involves ascending
3102:Levy, Michael (19 February 2020).
2014:Levy, Michael (27 February 2023).
25:
4986:IFSC Climbing World Championships
4734:South African Climbing Federation
2986:Lambert, Erik (22 January 2010).
2481:McEwan, George (6 January 2016).
1381:WI4, but leading WI4 is serious".
710:Ice climbing can also be done as
6660:
6649:
6639:
6638:
5107:Pan American Youth Championships
4836:
4824:
4813:
4812:
4800:
3706:IFSC World Championships winners
3328:VIDEO: Helmcken Falls Ice Routes
1779:was considered WI7+ at the time.
1736:Climber free soloing the famous
1196:, avoiding the need for screws.
1010:Ice Climbing World Championships
983:
971:
931:It would not be until 2010 when
809:
794:
777:
758:
82:
3338:Grading of Ice and Mixed Climbs
3296:(2nd ed.). Falcon Guides.
1221:Mixed climbing § Technique
27:Type of climbing with ice tools
4704:British Mountaineering Council
4037:
3047:Gray, Will (9 December 2021).
2483:"Steep Ice Climbing Technique"
2388:Buhay, Corey (14 March 2019).
2360:Buhay, Corey (10 March 2020).
2313:5.8 (YDS) WI6 M7 A2 Steep Snow
1624:. First ascent was in 1988 by
1493:Mixed climbing § M-grades
1164:Where ice climbing is done as
939:began to put up ice routes at
683:, ice climbing can be done as
1:
3342:Ari Paulin Base Camp Database
1549:Evolution of grade milestones
1541:When ice climbing is done as
1523:When ice climbing is done as
1334:" suffix is used for danger.
1211:, and not for lead climbing.
5386:Extreme and adventure sports
5170:Czech Republic Championships
5090:European Youth Championships
3318:UIAA Ice Climbing Word Tours
1917:. Seattle: The Mountaineers.
752:Types of ice climbing routes
5278:UIAA Ice Climbing World Cup
5061:African Youth Championships
2151:Slawinski, Raphael (2002).
1986:Yang, Maya (6 April 2023).
1537:Dry-tooling § D-grades
964:2016 Ice Climbing World Cup
6718:
5102:Pan American Championships
1552:
1534:
1490:
1218:
1058:
920:climbing as pioneers like
29:
6697:Mountaineering techniques
6633:
6445:Short-track speed skating
6342:
6063:
5863:Aggressive inline skating
5078:Asian Youth Championships
4796:
4694:Appalachian Mountain Club
859:as at 2023) in Helmcken.
4609:Mountain Safety Research
4604:Mountain Equipment Co-op
1431:(WI10+), Helmcken Falls.
956:Competition ice climbing
662:Il Candelabro del Coyote
629:competition ice climbing
5205:Slovenian Championships
4981:IFSC Climbing World Cup
4739:South Tyrol Alpine Club
4534:Eastern Mountain Sports
4400:Canadian Alpine Journal
4393:American Alpine Journal
3656:Roof and tunnel hacking
2681:American Alpine Journal
2158:American Alpine Journal
1881:for climbing protection
1764:. Free solo in 1997 by
1061:Rock-climbing equipment
905:American Alpine Journal
5165:Canadian Championships
5155:Austrian Championships
5150:American Championships
5085:European Championships
4559:Holubar Mountaineering
4371:Magazines and journals
3701:IFSC World Cup winners
1745:
1575:
1520:
1435:In 2010, ice climbers
1432:
1311:
1296:
1230:
1161:
1106:
1098:
1097:Advanced ergo ice tool
1024:
1006:Ice Climbing World Cup
898:
665:
60:
5739:Parachuting/Skydiving
5251:Psicobloc Open Series
5200:Spanish Championships
5195:Russian Championships
5185:Italian Championships
5160:Belgian Championships
5056:African Championships
5019:Summer Youth Olympics
4886:Climbing competitions
4684:Alpine Club of Canada
4594:Marmot Mountain Works
4549:GERRY Mountain Sports
1735:
1566:
1500:
1468:at WI12 in 2016, and
1416:
1302:
1283:
1228:
1157:
1104:
1096:
1018:
890:
659:
40:
5853:Freestyle scootering
5679:Traditional climbing
5241:Nordic Championships
5180:German Championships
5175:French Championships
4935:Multi-pitch climbing
4714:Club Alpino Italiano
4699:Austrian Alpine Club
4689:American Alpine Club
1744:), in Rjukan, Norway
1358:American Alpine Club
1172:), the key tool for
596:, and large hanging
575:(or the more modern
6541:Iceman (occupation)
5780:Powered paragliding
5607:Whitewater kayaking
5602:Whitewater canoeing
5210:Swiss Championships
5073:Asian Championships
4709:Club Alpin Français
4083:Mountaineering boot
3696:Piolet d'Or winners
2517:(14 January 2011).
1913:Lowe, Jeff (1996).
1871:climbing protection
1451:As the routes were
1113:or the more modern
914:Moonflower Buttress
896:Mount Hunter Alaska
892:Moonflower Buttress
693:climbing protection
105:Piolet d'Or winners
6093:Crystalline phases
5911:Ski mountaineering
5674:Free solo climbing
5612:Whitewater rafting
5095:European Youth Cup
4920:Deep-water soloing
4729:German Alpine Club
3161:. 23 January 2018.
2897:. 16 February 2023
2578:. 27 November 2022
2277:. 23 November 2020
1810:Marc-André Leclerc
1750:free solo climbing
1746:
1714:Interstellar Spice
1576:
1521:
1466:Interstellar Spice
1433:
1399:Marc-André Leclerc
1312:
1309:Munising, Michigan
1297:
1231:
1162:
1107:
1099:
1025:
990:Speed ice climbing
899:
843:'s groundbreaking
712:free solo climbing
666:
61:
6692:Types of climbing
6674:
6673:
6655:Wikimedia Commons
6458:
6457:
6023:
6022:
5669:Big wall climbing
5417:Kite landboarding
5352:
5351:
5348:
5347:
5298:
5297:
5259:
5258:
5138:
5137:
5037:
5036:
4852:
4851:
4792:
4791:
4744:Swiss Alpine Club
4497:
4496:
4452:Non-fiction films
4428:Planinski Vestnik
4421:Himalayan Journal
4359:
4358:
4121:
4120:
3750:Historical events
3721:Eight-thousanders
3674:
3673:
3528:
3527:
3135:. 3 December 2020
3080:. 10 January 2013
2967:. 12 January 2010
2871:. 27 January 2021
2819:. 30 January 2014
2793:. 5 February 2016
2767:. 3 February 2023
2741:. 11 January 2023
2552:. 8 December 2023
2451:. 8 December 2022
2329:"A Brief History"
1817:Touching the Void
1656:Gian Carlo Grassi
1645:François Damilano
1472:at WI13 in 2020.
1464:at WI11 in 2011,
1460:at WI10 in 2010,
1285:Kristoffer Szilas
1254:Squat-stand-swing
1037:figure-four moves
1031:techniques (e.g.
978:Lead ice climbing
952:of ice climbing.
637:figure-four moves
558:
557:
139:Eight-thousanders
129:Historical events
55:(350-metres, IV,
16:(Redirected from
6709:
6664:
6653:
6652:
6642:
6641:
6340:
6050:
6043:
6036:
6027:
5960:Adventure racing
5934:Extreme sledding
5901:Freestyle skiing
5712:Ski-BASE jumping
5585:Technical diving
5432:Mountainboarding
5379:
5372:
5365:
5356:
5307:
5268:
5246:Hueco Rock Rodeo
5046:
4971:
4964:
4879:
4872:
4865:
4856:
4840:
4839:
4828:
4827:
4816:
4815:
4804:
4662:
4614:Outdoor Research
4368:
3794:
3785:
3755:Grade milestones
3564:Expedition style
3399:
3390:
3372:
3365:
3358:
3349:
3332:Gripped Magazine
3307:
3294:How to Ice Climb
3288:
3266:
3244:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3208:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3151:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3133:Gripped Magazine
3125:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3114:
3099:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3070:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3059:
3044:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3011:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2983:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2931:
2925:
2924:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2895:Gripped Magazine
2887:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2869:Gripped Magazine
2861:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2843:Gripped Magazine
2835:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2817:Gripped Magazine
2809:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2765:Gripped Magazine
2757:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2739:Gripped Magazine
2731:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2717:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2672:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2633:on 30 March 2021
2629:. Archived from
2617:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2583:
2576:Gripped Magazine
2568:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2550:Gripped Magazine
2542:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2531:
2511:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2478:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2449:Gripped Magazine
2441:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2425:. 30 August 2022
2413:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2357:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2341:
2325:
2316:
2315:
2310:
2308:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2275:Gripped Magazine
2267:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2241:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2204:Gripped Magazine
2196:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2148:
2135:
2134:
2110:
2069:
2068:
2062:
2060:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2030:
2028:
2011:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1952:
1919:
1918:
1910:
1882:
1863:
1784:Beta Block Super
1774:
1762:Canadian Rockies
1678:Canadian Rockies
1670:Rites of Passage
1664:
1653:
1637:Repentance Super
1630:Canadian Rockies
1622:Canadian Rockies
1611:Canadian Rockies
1600:Canadian Rockies
1589:Canadian Rockies
1568:Repentance Super
1513:Tequila Stuntman
1510:
1426:
1351:commitment grade
987:
975:
813:
804:(WI6, M9), Italy
798:
787:(WI4 M3), France
781:
762:
623:Since 2002, the
550:
543:
536:
295:Expedition style
134:Grade milestones
86:
63:
50:
21:
6717:
6716:
6712:
6711:
6710:
6708:
6707:
6706:
6677:
6676:
6675:
6670:
6629:
6596:
6560:
6514:
6454:
6386:
6335:
6329:
6200:Albedo feedback
6188:
6102:
6088:Amorphous solid
6076:
6059:
6054:
6024:
6019:
5990:Obstacle racing
5975:Extreme ironing
5948:
5915:
5879:
5841:
5830:Mountain biking
5801:
5797:Wingsuit flying
5743:
5690:
5657:Alpine climbing
5616:
5541:
5498:
5388:
5383:
5353:
5344:
5328:
5294:
5255:
5214:
5134:
5113:
5033:
5014:Summer Olympics
5002:
4955:
4939:
4888:
4883:
4853:
4848:
4788:
4753:
4653:
4519:Cascade Designs
4493:
4447:
4355:
4242:
4117:
4051:Abalakov thread
4032:
3776:
3670:
3599:
3524:
3493:
3477:Deep-water solo
3381:
3376:
3314:
3304:
3291:
3285:
3269:
3263:
3247:
3241:
3225:
3222:
3220:Further reading
3217:
3216:
3206:
3204:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3178:
3176:
3171:
3170:
3166:
3153:
3152:
3148:
3138:
3136:
3127:
3126:
3122:
3112:
3110:
3101:
3100:
3093:
3083:
3081:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3057:
3055:
3046:
3045:
3034:
3024:
3022:
3013:
3012:
3008:
2998:
2996:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2970:
2968:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2944:
2942:
2933:
2932:
2928:
2915:
2914:
2910:
2900:
2898:
2889:
2888:
2884:
2874:
2872:
2863:
2862:
2858:
2848:
2846:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2822:
2820:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2796:
2794:
2785:
2784:
2780:
2770:
2768:
2759:
2758:
2754:
2744:
2742:
2733:
2732:
2725:
2715:
2713:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2687:
2685:
2674:
2673:
2646:
2636:
2634:
2619:
2618:
2591:
2581:
2579:
2570:
2569:
2565:
2555:
2553:
2544:
2543:
2539:
2529:
2527:
2513:
2512:
2501:
2491:
2489:
2480:
2479:
2464:
2454:
2452:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2428:
2426:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2400:
2398:
2387:
2386:
2382:
2372:
2370:
2359:
2358:
2349:
2339:
2337:
2327:
2326:
2319:
2306:
2304:
2301:MountainProject
2295:
2294:
2290:
2280:
2278:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2254:
2252:
2251:. 24 April 2020
2243:
2242:
2219:
2209:
2207:
2206:. 15 April 2022
2198:
2197:
2178:
2168:
2166:
2150:
2149:
2138:
2128:
2112:
2111:
2072:
2058:
2056:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2026:
2024:
2013:
2012:
2008:
1998:
1996:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1970:
1954:
1953:
1922:
1912:
1911:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1885:
1864:
1857:
1852:
1834:Alpine climbing
1830:
1797:
1768:
1730:
1721:Mission to Mars
1674:Mount Kitchener
1658:
1647:
1561:
1551:
1539:
1533:
1504:
1495:
1489:
1470:Mission to Mars
1429:Clash of Titans
1420:
1418:Angelika Rainer
1411:
1409:Helmcken routes
1339:alpine climbing
1278:
1273:
1256:
1240:
1223:
1217:
1201:Abalakov thread
1152:
1131:) front points.
1125:alpine climbers
1091:
1063:
1057:
995:
994:
993:
992:
991:
988:
980:
979:
976:
967:
966:
958:
946:Mission to Mars
881:Hamish MacInnes
869:alpine climbing
865:
828:climbing routes
824:
823:
822:
821:
820:
814:
806:
805:
802:Silent Memories
799:
790:
789:
788:
782:
774:
773:
763:
754:
753:
747:
745:Types of routes
723:alpine climbing
660:Ice climber on
654:
627:have regulated
605:alpine climbing
554:
525:
463:
403:
325:
251:
235:Deep-water solo
150:
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6715:
6713:
6705:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6689:
6679:
6678:
6672:
6671:
6669:
6668:
6657:
6646:
6634:
6631:
6630:
6628:
6627:
6625:Snowball Earth
6622:
6617:
6615:Little Ice Age
6612:
6606:
6604:
6598:
6597:
6595:
6594:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6568:
6566:
6562:
6561:
6559:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6522:
6520:
6516:
6515:
6513:
6512:
6507:
6502:
6497:
6492:
6487:
6482:
6477:
6472:
6466:
6464:
6460:
6459:
6456:
6455:
6453:
6452:
6447:
6442:
6437:
6432:
6427:
6425:Figure skating
6422:
6417:
6412:
6407:
6402:
6396:
6394:
6388:
6387:
6385:
6384:
6379:
6374:
6369:
6364:
6359:
6354:
6349:
6343:
6337:
6331:
6330:
6328:
6327:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6282:
6277:
6272:
6267:
6262:
6257:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6227:
6222:
6217:
6212:
6210:Circle or disc
6207:
6202:
6196:
6194:
6190:
6189:
6187:
6186:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6166:
6161:
6156:
6151:
6141:
6136:
6131:
6126:
6121:
6116:
6110:
6108:
6104:
6103:
6101:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6084:
6082:
6078:
6077:
6064:
6061:
6060:
6055:
6053:
6052:
6045:
6038:
6030:
6021:
6020:
6018:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5992:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5970:Cheese rolling
5967:
5962:
5956:
5954:
5950:
5949:
5947:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5925:
5923:
5917:
5916:
5914:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5891:Extreme skiing
5887:
5885:
5881:
5880:
5878:
5877:
5875:Roller skating
5872:
5871:
5870:
5865:
5858:Inline skating
5855:
5849:
5847:
5843:
5842:
5840:
5839:
5838:
5837:
5827:
5826:
5825:
5820:
5809:
5807:
5803:
5802:
5800:
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5783:
5782:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5751:
5749:
5745:
5744:
5742:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5719:Bungee jumping
5716:
5715:
5714:
5709:
5698:
5696:
5692:
5691:
5689:
5688:
5683:
5682:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5661:
5660:
5659:
5652:Mountaineering
5649:
5648:
5647:
5645:Mixed climbing
5637:
5635:Crane climbing
5632:
5626:
5624:
5618:
5617:
5615:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5588:
5587:
5582:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5551:
5549:
5543:
5542:
5540:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5514:
5508:
5506:
5500:
5499:
5497:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5485:
5484:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5398:
5396:
5390:
5389:
5384:
5382:
5381:
5374:
5367:
5359:
5350:
5349:
5346:
5345:
5343:
5342:
5336:
5334:
5330:
5329:
5327:
5326:
5320:
5313:
5311:
5304:
5300:
5299:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5292:
5291:
5290:
5280:
5274:
5272:
5265:
5261:
5260:
5257:
5256:
5254:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5222:
5220:
5216:
5215:
5213:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5146:
5144:
5140:
5139:
5136:
5135:
5133:
5132:
5130:European Games
5127:
5121:
5119:
5115:
5114:
5112:
5111:
5110:
5109:
5099:
5098:
5097:
5092:
5082:
5081:
5080:
5070:
5065:
5064:
5063:
5052:
5050:
5043:
5039:
5038:
5035:
5034:
5032:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5010:
5008:
5004:
5003:
5001:
5000:
4995:
4994:
4993:
4983:
4977:
4975:
4968:
4961:
4957:
4956:
4954:
4953:
4947:
4945:
4941:
4940:
4938:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4915:Speed climbing
4912:
4907:
4904:sport climbing
4896:
4894:
4890:
4889:
4884:
4882:
4881:
4874:
4867:
4859:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4846:
4834:
4822:
4810:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4790:
4789:
4787:
4786:
4780:
4774:
4768:
4761:
4759:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4670:
4668:
4659:
4655:
4654:
4652:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4639:The North Face
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4569:Sierra Designs
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4544:Frostline Kits
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4505:
4503:
4499:
4498:
4495:
4494:
4492:
4491:
4484:
4477:
4470:
4463:
4455:
4453:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4445:
4438:
4435:Rock & Ice
4431:
4424:
4417:
4410:
4403:
4396:
4389:
4382:
4379:Alpine Journal
4374:
4372:
4365:
4361:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4353:
4352:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4307:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4269:Climbing route
4266:
4261:
4256:
4250:
4248:
4244:
4243:
4241:
4240:
4239:
4238:
4228:
4223:
4222:
4221:
4214:Simul-climbing
4211:
4206:
4205:
4204:
4199:
4189:
4188:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4155:Front pointing
4152:
4147:
4146:
4145:
4140:
4129:
4127:
4123:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4104:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4091:Avalanche cord
4085:
4080:
4075:
4074:
4073:
4063:
4058:
4056:Bottled oxygen
4053:
4048:
4042:
4040:
4034:
4033:
4031:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4019:
4018:
4008:
4003:
4002:
4001:
3996:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3970:
3969:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3936:
3935:
3930:
3920:
3915:
3914:
3913:
3903:
3898:
3897:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3876:
3875:
3874:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3853:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3832:
3831:
3830:
3820:
3815:
3814:
3813:
3802:
3800:
3791:
3782:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3763:
3762:
3757:
3747:
3746:
3745:
3740:
3730:
3729:
3728:
3723:
3715:
3714:
3713:
3711:IFSC victories
3708:
3703:
3698:
3688:
3682:
3680:
3676:
3675:
3672:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3607:
3605:
3601:
3600:
3598:
3597:
3596:
3595:
3585:
3584:
3583:
3578:
3568:
3567:
3566:
3561:
3551:
3550:
3549:
3538:
3536:
3534:Mountaineering
3530:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3501:
3499:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3486:
3485:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3464:
3463:
3462:
3457:
3447:
3446:
3445:
3435:
3434:
3433:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3411:
3405:
3403:
3396:
3387:
3383:
3382:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3367:
3360:
3352:
3346:
3345:
3335:
3325:
3313:
3312:External links
3310:
3309:
3308:
3303:978-0762782772
3302:
3289:
3284:978-1680511260
3283:
3267:
3262:978-0898867695
3261:
3245:
3240:978-0898864465
3239:
3221:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3186:
3164:
3159:PlanetMountain
3146:
3120:
3091:
3078:PlanetMountain
3065:
3032:
3006:
2978:
2965:PlanetMountain
2952:
2926:
2921:PlanetMountain
2908:
2882:
2856:
2845:. 1 April 2019
2830:
2804:
2791:PlanetMountain
2778:
2752:
2723:
2695:
2644:
2589:
2563:
2537:
2499:
2462:
2436:
2408:
2380:
2347:
2317:
2288:
2262:
2217:
2176:
2136:
2127:978-0898867695
2126:
2070:
2038:
2006:
1978:
1969:978-0898867695
1968:
1920:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1875:sport climbing
1854:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1844:Mixed climbing
1841:
1836:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1824:
1822:Peruvian Andes
1813:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1791:
1780:
1777:Sea of Vapours
1758:Sea of Vapours
1729:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1717:
1710:
1702:
1701:
1690:
1689:
1681:
1666:
1633:
1614:
1603:
1592:
1550:
1547:
1535:Main article:
1532:
1529:
1525:mixed climbing
1491:Main article:
1488:
1485:
1441:Helmcken Falls
1410:
1407:
1406:
1405:
1402:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1328:sport climbing
1307:(Grade WI3+),
1289:Pilsner Pillar
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1255:
1252:
1244:front pointing
1239:
1238:Front-pointing
1236:
1216:
1213:
1151:
1150:For protection
1148:
1147:
1146:
1132:
1118:
1090:
1087:
1056:
1053:
989:
982:
981:
977:
970:
969:
968:
962:
961:
960:
959:
957:
954:
941:Helmcken Falls
877:Yvon Chouinard
864:
861:
856:Helmcken Falls
849:Vail, Colorado
815:
808:
807:
800:
793:
792:
791:
783:
776:
775:
766:Central Pillar
764:
757:
756:
755:
751:
750:
749:
748:
746:
743:
739:sport climbing
727:mixed climbing
653:
650:
645:Helmcken Falls
641:speed climbing
614:Mixed climbing
556:
555:
553:
552:
545:
538:
530:
527:
526:
524:
523:
522:
521:
516:
511:
501:
496:
495:
494:
489:
479:
473:
470:
469:
465:
464:
462:
461:
456:
451:
449:Simul climbing
446:
441:
436:
435:
434:
424:
419:
413:
410:
409:
405:
404:
402:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
335:
332:
331:
327:
326:
324:
323:
322:
321:
311:
310:
309:
299:
298:
297:
292:
282:
281:
280:
275:
264:
261:
260:
258:mountaineering
253:
252:
250:
249:
244:
243:
242:
237:
232:
222:
221:
220:
215:
205:
204:
203:
193:
192:
191:
181:
180:
179:
169:
163:
160:
159:
152:
151:
149:
148:
143:
142:
141:
136:
126:
125:
124:
114:
113:
112:
110:IFSC victories
107:
96:
93:
92:
88:
87:
79:
78:
72:
71:
59:), Switzerland
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6714:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6684:
6682:
6667:
6663:
6658:
6656:
6647:
6645:
6636:
6635:
6632:
6626:
6623:
6621:
6618:
6616:
6613:
6611:
6608:
6607:
6605:
6603:
6599:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6569:
6567:
6563:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6523:
6521:
6517:
6511:
6508:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6496:
6493:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6476:
6473:
6471:
6468:
6467:
6465:
6463:Constructions
6461:
6451:
6448:
6446:
6443:
6441:
6440:Speed skating
6438:
6436:
6433:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6413:
6411:
6408:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6398:
6397:
6395:
6393:
6389:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6353:
6350:
6348:
6345:
6344:
6341:
6338:
6332:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6281:
6278:
6276:
6273:
6271:
6268:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6255:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6221:
6218:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6197:
6195:
6191:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6149:
6145:
6142:
6140:
6137:
6135:
6132:
6130:
6127:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6117:
6115:
6112:
6111:
6109:
6105:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6085:
6083:
6079:
6075:
6071:
6068:
6062:
6058:
6051:
6046:
6044:
6039:
6037:
6032:
6031:
6028:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6010:Ultramarathon
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5957:
5955:
5951:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5926:
5924:
5922:
5918:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5888:
5886:
5882:
5876:
5873:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5860:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5850:
5848:
5844:
5836:
5833:
5832:
5831:
5828:
5824:
5823:Freestyle BMX
5821:
5819:
5816:
5815:
5814:
5811:
5810:
5808:
5804:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5781:
5778:
5777:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5752:
5750:
5746:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5729:Cliff jumping
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5704:
5703:
5700:
5699:
5697:
5693:
5687:
5684:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5666:
5665:
5664:Rock climbing
5662:
5658:
5655:
5654:
5653:
5650:
5646:
5643:
5642:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5627:
5625:
5623:
5619:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5577:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5552:
5550:
5548:
5544:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5520:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5509:
5507:
5505:
5501:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5483:
5482:River surfing
5480:
5479:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5472:Street luging
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5447:Skateboarding
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5437:Riverboarding
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5402:Bellyboarding
5400:
5399:
5397:
5395:
5391:
5387:
5380:
5375:
5373:
5368:
5366:
5361:
5360:
5357:
5341:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5331:
5324:
5321:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5312:
5310:International
5308:
5305:
5303:Organizations
5301:
5289:
5286:
5285:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5275:
5273:
5269:
5266:
5262:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5217:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5147:
5145:
5141:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5122:
5120:
5116:
5108:
5105:
5104:
5103:
5100:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5087:
5086:
5083:
5079:
5076:
5075:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5062:
5059:
5058:
5057:
5054:
5053:
5051:
5047:
5044:
5040:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5011:
5009:
5005:
4999:
4996:
4992:
4989:
4988:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4978:
4976:
4972:
4969:
4965:
4962:
4958:
4952:
4949:
4948:
4946:
4942:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4905:
4902:(also called
4901:
4900:Lead climbing
4898:
4897:
4895:
4891:
4887:
4880:
4875:
4873:
4868:
4866:
4861:
4860:
4857:
4845:
4844:
4835:
4833:
4832:
4823:
4821:
4820:
4811:
4809:
4808:
4803:
4799:
4798:
4795:
4784:
4781:
4778:
4775:
4772:
4769:
4766:
4763:
4762:
4760:
4758:International
4756:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4671:
4669:
4667:
4663:
4660:
4658:Organizations
4656:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4529:Early Winters
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4509:Black Diamond
4507:
4506:
4504:
4500:
4490:
4489:
4485:
4483:
4482:
4478:
4476:
4475:
4474:The Dawn Wall
4471:
4469:
4468:
4464:
4462:
4461:
4457:
4456:
4454:
4450:
4444:
4443:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4432:
4430:
4429:
4425:
4423:
4422:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4411:
4409:
4408:
4404:
4402:
4401:
4397:
4395:
4394:
4390:
4388:
4387:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4369:
4366:
4362:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4334:Bachar ladder
4332:
4331:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4284:Climbing wall
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4271:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4259:Approach shoe
4257:
4255:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4245:
4237:
4234:
4233:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4220:
4217:
4216:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4194:
4193:
4190:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4172:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4124:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4039:
4035:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3968:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3960:
3956:
3953:
3952:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3880:
3879:Climbing rope
3877:
3873:
3870:
3869:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3836:
3833:
3829:
3826:
3825:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3812:
3809:
3808:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3799:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3786:
3783:
3779:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3761:
3760:First ascents
3758:
3756:
3753:
3752:
3751:
3748:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3734:
3731:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3677:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3602:
3594:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3586:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3572:
3569:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3552:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3535:
3531:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3496:
3490:
3487:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3468:
3465:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3448:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3439:
3436:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3424:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3394:Rock climbing
3391:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3373:
3368:
3366:
3361:
3359:
3354:
3353:
3350:
3343:
3339:
3336:
3333:
3329:
3326:
3323:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3305:
3299:
3295:
3290:
3286:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3203:
3202:
3197:
3190:
3187:
3175:
3168:
3165:
3160:
3156:
3150:
3147:
3134:
3130:
3124:
3121:
3109:
3105:
3098:
3096:
3092:
3079:
3075:
3069:
3066:
3054:
3050:
3043:
3041:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3021:
3017:
3010:
3007:
2995:
2994:
2989:
2982:
2979:
2966:
2962:
2956:
2953:
2941:
2937:
2930:
2927:
2922:
2918:
2912:
2909:
2896:
2892:
2886:
2883:
2870:
2866:
2860:
2857:
2844:
2840:
2834:
2831:
2818:
2814:
2808:
2805:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2779:
2766:
2762:
2756:
2753:
2740:
2736:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2712:
2711:
2706:
2699:
2696:
2683:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2645:
2632:
2628:
2627:
2622:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2594:
2590:
2577:
2573:
2567:
2564:
2551:
2547:
2541:
2538:
2526:
2525:
2520:
2516:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2488:
2484:
2477:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2467:
2463:
2450:
2446:
2440:
2437:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2412:
2409:
2397:
2396:
2391:
2384:
2381:
2369:
2368:
2363:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2336:
2335:
2330:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2302:
2298:
2292:
2289:
2276:
2272:
2266:
2263:
2250:
2246:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2205:
2201:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2055:
2054:
2049:
2042:
2039:
2035:
2023:
2022:
2017:
2010:
2007:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1982:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1921:
1916:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1895:
1888:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1849:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1814:
1811:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1801:
1800:
1794:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1772:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1727:
1722:
1718:
1715:
1711:
1708:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1686:
1682:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1601:
1597:
1596:Gimme Shelter
1593:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1538:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1518:
1514:
1508:
1503:
1499:
1494:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1430:
1424:
1419:
1415:
1408:
1403:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1354:
1352:
1347:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1326:
1322:
1317:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1294:
1291:(Grade WI6),
1290:
1286:
1282:
1275:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1248:rock climbing
1245:
1237:
1235:
1227:
1222:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1166:lead climbing
1160:
1156:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1095:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1083:belay devices
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1067:rock climbing
1062:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1002:
1000:
986:
974:
965:
955:
953:
951:
947:
942:
938:
934:
929:
927:
923:
917:
915:
911:
907:
906:
897:
894:(WI6 M7 A2),
893:
889:
885:
882:
878:
874:
870:
862:
860:
857:
852:
850:
846:
842:
836:
833:
829:
819:(WI6), Norway
818:
812:
803:
797:
786:
785:Chéré Couloir
780:
771:
767:
761:
744:
742:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
719:
717:
713:
708:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
685:free climbing
682:
681:rock climbing
677:
675:
671:
663:
658:
651:
649:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
621:
619:
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582:
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566:
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531:
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444:Self rescuing
442:
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437:
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423:
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328:
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182:
178:
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162:
161:
158:
157:rock climbing
153:
147:
144:
140:
137:
135:
132:
131:
130:
127:
123:
120:
119:
118:
115:
111:
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89:
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77:
73:
69:
65:
64:
58:
54:
48:
43:
42:Xaver Bongard
39:
33:
19:
6687:Ice climbing
6450:Tour skating
6361:
6250:Frost flower
6081:Major phases
6000:Powerbocking
5995:Orienteering
5985:Fell running
5980:Extreme Pogo
5906:Speed skiing
5868:Vert skating
5792:Speed flying
5770:Hang gliding
5724:Cliff-diving
5702:BASE jumping
5640:Ice climbing
5639:
5597:Water skiing
5575:Scuba diving
5547:Water sports
5489:Wakeboarding
5462:Snowboarding
5452:Skimboarding
5442:Sandboarding
5427:Longboarding
5422:Kiteboarding
5407:Bodyboarding
5340:USA Climbing
4925:Ice climbing
4841:
4829:
4817:
4805:
4749:USA Climbing
4649:Wild Country
4644:Therm-a-Rest
4486:
4479:
4472:
4465:
4460:The Alpinist
4458:
4440:
4433:
4426:
4419:
4412:
4405:
4398:
4391:
4384:
4377:
4339:Campus board
4294:First ascent
4038:Ice and snow
3835:Belay device
3686:Alpine clubs
3646:Ropes course
3570:
3559:Alpine style
3341:
3331:
3293:
3274:
3252:
3230:
3207:28 September
3205:. Retrieved
3199:
3189:
3177:. Retrieved
3167:
3158:
3149:
3137:. Retrieved
3132:
3123:
3111:. Retrieved
3108:Rock&Ice
3107:
3082:. Retrieved
3077:
3068:
3056:. Retrieved
3052:
3023:. Retrieved
3019:
3009:
2997:. Retrieved
2991:
2981:
2969:. Retrieved
2964:
2955:
2943:. Retrieved
2939:
2929:
2920:
2911:
2899:. Retrieved
2894:
2885:
2873:. Retrieved
2868:
2859:
2847:. Retrieved
2842:
2833:
2821:. Retrieved
2816:
2807:
2795:. Retrieved
2790:
2781:
2769:. Retrieved
2764:
2755:
2743:. Retrieved
2738:
2714:. Retrieved
2708:
2698:
2686:. Retrieved
2679:
2635:. Retrieved
2631:the original
2624:
2580:. Retrieved
2575:
2566:
2554:. Retrieved
2549:
2540:
2528:. Retrieved
2522:
2490:. Retrieved
2486:
2453:. Retrieved
2448:
2439:
2427:. Retrieved
2420:
2411:
2399:. Retrieved
2393:
2383:
2371:. Retrieved
2365:
2338:. Retrieved
2332:
2312:
2305:. Retrieved
2300:
2291:
2279:. Retrieved
2274:
2265:
2253:. Retrieved
2248:
2208:. Retrieved
2203:
2167:. Retrieved
2162:
2156:
2131:
2117:
2064:
2057:. Retrieved
2051:
2041:
2032:
2025:. Retrieved
2019:
2009:
1997:. Retrieved
1993:The Guardian
1991:
1981:
1973:
1959:
1914:
1815:
1805:The Alpinist
1803:
1798:
1783:
1776:
1757:
1747:
1737:
1720:
1713:
1706:
1697:
1691:
1684:
1669:
1641:Val di Cogne
1636:
1629:
1618:Reality Bath
1617:
1606:
1595:
1584:
1577:
1572:Val di Cogne
1567:
1540:
1522:
1515:(M7 WI6) in
1512:
1478:
1474:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1450:
1434:
1428:
1392:
1355:
1348:
1343:
1336:
1313:
1304:
1288:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1241:
1232:
1198:
1194:sport climbs
1163:
1089:For climbing
1064:
1045:
1026:
1003:
996:
945:
930:
925:
918:
913:
909:
903:
900:
891:
866:
853:
844:
837:
825:
816:
801:
784:
770:Weeping Wall
765:
720:
709:
689:lead climber
678:
667:
661:
639:), and in a
628:
622:
602:
579:) and rigid
561:Ice climbing
560:
559:
482:First ascent
384:Roof hacking
374:Rock hopping
301:
290:Alpine style
52:
18:Ice-climbing
6620:Pleistocene
6334:Ice-related
6245:Frost heave
6179:Stalactites
6005:Slacklining
5787:Parasailing
5775:Paragliding
5734:Tombstoning
5580:Cave diving
5565:High diving
5555:Coasteering
5504:Motorsports
5494:Windsurfing
5467:Snowskating
5412:Dirtsurfing
5394:Boardsports
5236:Melloblocco
5231:Rock Master
5226:Sportroccia
5125:Asian Games
5118:Multi-sport
5042:Continental
5024:World Games
5007:Multi-sport
4930:Dry-tooling
4893:Disciplines
4843:WikiProject
4679:Alpine Club
4674:Access Fund
4584:Lowe Alpine
4579:La Sportiva
4316:Fall factor
4209:Self-arrest
4185:Redpointing
4108:Snow anchor
3862:Boulder mat
3811:Daisy chain
3781:Terminology
3772:Terminology
3651:Rooftopping
3593:Hillwalking
3581:Dry-tooling
3547:Via ferrata
3460:Traditional
3438:Competition
3419:Multi-pitch
3402:Disciplines
3113:21 December
3058:21 December
2716:22 December
2556:9 September
2530:9 September
2492:9 September
2307:8 September
2165:(76): 72â85
1839:Dry-tooling
1788:Dani Arnold
1769: [
1766:Guy Lacelle
1685:Centrecourt
1659: [
1648: [
1626:Mark Twight
1543:dry-tooling
1505: [
1502:Pak Hi-jong
1446:dry-tooling
1421: [
1303:Climber on
1186:dry-tooling
1139:fruit boots
1033:stein pulls
1029:dry-tooling
731:dry-tooling
652:Description
633:stein pulls
618:dry-tooling
432:Redpointing
408:Key actions
379:Rooftopping
330:Other types
319:Hillwalking
307:Dry-tooling
278:Via ferrata
218:Traditional
196:Competition
177:Multi-pitch
146:Terminology
45: [
32:Ice Climber
6702:Ice sports
6681:Categories
6666:Wiktionary
6610:Glaciology
6565:Other uses
6435:Ice racing
6430:Ice hockey
6405:Iceboating
6336:activities
6107:Formations
6098:Superionic
6015:Zip-lining
5896:Freeriding
5818:BMX racing
5760:Air racing
5755:Aerobatics
5686:Skyrunning
5592:Snorkeling
5570:Jet Skiing
5560:Freediving
5532:Rally raid
5522:Rallycross
5457:Skysurfing
5219:Individual
4910:Bouldering
4467:El Capitan
4231:Traversing
4180:Onsighting
4160:Glissading
4143:DĂŒlfersitz
4138:Australian
4101:Transeiver
4046:Alpenstock
3979:Portaledge
3967:Copperhead
3906:Descenders
3840:Auto belay
3631:Commercial
3611:Buildering
3588:Scrambling
3498:Rock types
3489:Top roping
3426:Bouldering
3271:Gadd, Will
3249:Gadd, Will
3227:Lowe, Jeff
2515:Gadd, Will
2487:UKClimbing
2132:Ice Grades
2114:Gadd, Will
2034:Hampshire.
1956:Gadd, Will
1889:References
1879:ice screws
1585:Slipstream
1553:See also:
1437:Tim Emmett
1305:Dryer Hose
1219:See also:
1174:protection
1170:top roping
1168:(i.e. not
1143:heel spurs
1059:See also:
1049:heel spurs
933:Tim Emmett
910:Slipstream
847:WI6 M8 in
716:top roping
701:ice screws
589:ice screws
459:Techniques
454:Traversing
359:Commercial
339:Buildering
314:Scrambling
247:Top roping
184:Bouldering
53:Crack Baby
6377:Sculpture
6193:Phenomena
5929:Bobsleigh
5707:Free BASE
5630:Canyoning
5517:Motocross
5190:Japan Cup
5068:Asian Cup
4619:Patagonia
4502:Companies
4488:Hard Grit
4481:Free Solo
4349:MoonBoard
4344:Hangboard
4330:Training
4279:Guidebook
4254:Ape index
4219:Rope team
4133:Abseiling
4078:Ice screw
3984:Quickdraw
3867:Carabiner
3789:Equipment
3767:Technique
3733:Equipment
3616:Canyoning
3554:Himalayan
3482:Rope solo
3472:Free solo
1974:Equipment
1728:Free solo
1707:Wolverine
1462:Wolverine
1362:Will Gadd
1293:Mt Dennis
1276:WI-grades
1215:Technique
1205:abseiling
1178:ice screw
1159:Ice screw
1135:Ice boots
1115:ice tools
1075:harnesses
1055:Equipment
1041:top roped
937:Will Gadd
926:Octopussy
922:Jeff Lowe
845:Octopussy
841:Jeff Lowe
670:ice tools
577:ice tools
468:Key terms
417:Abseiling
344:Canyoning
285:Himalayan
256:Types of
240:Rope solo
230:Free solo
155:Types of
117:Equipment
6644:Category
6602:Ice ages
6556:YakhchÄl
6536:Icehouse
6362:Climbing
6357:Blocking
6352:Blasting
6270:Hair ice
6220:Crystals
5944:Skeleton
5921:Sledding
5835:Downhill
5622:Climbing
5537:Snocross
5527:Rallying
5512:Drifting
5143:National
4944:Rankings
4819:Category
4666:National
4564:JanSport
4539:Five Ten
4414:Desnivel
4407:Climbing
4386:Alpinist
4311:Exposure
4289:Chipping
4236:Tyrolean
4226:Spotting
4197:Crevasse
4175:Flashing
4165:Jumaring
4150:Belaying
4113:Snowshoe
4071:Ice tool
4061:Crampons
3911:Figure-8
3823:Ascender
3691:Climbers
3431:Highball
3414:Big wall
3379:Climbing
3273:(2021).
3251:(2003).
3229:(1996).
3020:Climbing
2993:Alpinist
2940:Climbing
2710:Climbing
2626:Alpinist
2524:Climbing
2455:30 April
2395:Climbing
2116:(2003).
2053:Climbing
2021:Climbing
1958:(2003).
1828:See also
1698:Spray On
1531:D-grades
1519:, France
1517:Chamonix
1487:M-grades
1481:Yosemite
1458:Spray On
1394:Climbing
1379:top rope
1344:AI-grade
1316:M-grades
1295:, Canada
1271:Grading
1209:belaying
1121:Crampons
1111:Ice axes
1069:such as
950:Yosemite
832:couloirs
817:JuvsĂžyla
772:, Canada
768:(WI5+),
705:top rope
691:inserts
679:As with
674:crampons
594:couloirs
581:crampons
573:ice axes
565:climbing
439:Jumaring
422:Belaying
189:Highball
172:Big wall
100:Climbers
76:Climbing
68:a series
66:Part of
6526:Cutting
6500:Pykrete
6420:Cycling
6415:Curling
6410:Cricket
6382:Skating
6372:Rafting
6367:Fishing
6347:Bathing
6290:Nucleus
6275:Jacking
6254:sea ice
6252: (
6184:Volcano
6148:calving
6146: (
6144:Iceberg
6139:Glacier
5846:Rolling
5806:Cycling
5765:Gliding
5695:Falling
5477:Surfing
5029:X Games
4831:Commons
4785:(UIMLA)
4779:(UIAGM)
4170:Leading
4087:Rescue
4066:Ice axe
4016:Camalot
3950:Lanyard
3933:Skyhook
3918:Harness
3889:Dynamic
3872:Maillon
3845:Glasses
3726:Everest
3717:Deaths
3636:Parkour
3201:Outside
3053:RedBull
2367:Outside
1795:In film
1607:Riptide
1574:, Italy
1176:is the
1079:helmets
1023:, Italy
863:History
737:, like
697:belayer
598:icicles
585:protect
427:Leading
364:Parkour
6659:
6648:
6637:
6531:Icebox
6490:Palace
6475:Bridge
6392:Sports
6310:Slurry
6285:Needle
6235:Frazil
6154:Icicle
6114:Anchor
5965:Caving
5953:Others
5884:Skiing
5748:Flying
5325:(UIAA)
5319:(IFSC)
4807:Portal
4773:(UIAA)
4767:(IFSC)
4599:Millet
4589:Mammut
4554:Grivel
4524:Deuter
4442:Summit
4326:Guides
4321:Grades
4192:Rescue
4126:Action
4028:Tricam
3994:Grigri
3940:Hammer
3894:Static
3850:Gloves
3818:Anchor
3738:Brands
3542:Alpine
3344:(2023)
3334:(2023)
3324:(2023)
3300:
3281:
3259:
3237:
2684:. 2013
2303:. 2023
2249:Climbr
2124:
2066:parts)
2059:10 May
2027:10 May
1999:11 May
1966:
1782:2017.
1756:1997.
1738:Lipton
1719:2020.
1712:2016.
1705:2011.
1696:2010.
1683:2010.
1668:2002.
1639:WI5-6
1635:1989.
1620:WI7 X
1616:1988.
1609:WI6-7
1605:1987.
1594:1983.
1583:1979.
1570:WI5-6
1557:, and
1453:bolted
1321:French
1190:bolted
873:pitons
735:bolted
609:grades
583:. To
569:routes
477:Anchor
268:Alpine
6582:Cream
6572:Chips
6551:Trade
6485:Igloo
6480:Hotel
6400:Bandy
6325:Storm
6315:Slush
6305:Shuga
6300:Shove
6260:Glaze
6240:Frost
6215:Clear
6205:Black
6174:Spike
6169:Sheet
6134:Field
6074:water
6070:state
6067:solid
5333:Other
5271:World
4967:World
4624:Petzl
4574:Kelty
4364:Media
4299:Pitch
4264:Clean
4247:Other
4096:RECCO
4023:Shoes
4011:SLCDs
4006:Sling
3974:Piton
3923:Hooks
3901:Chalk
3828:Croll
3806:Aider
3743:Knots
3679:Lists
3661:Slide
3626:Grass
3621:Crane
3604:Other
3576:Mixed
3505:Crack
3455:Sport
3443:Speed
3386:Types
3179:8 May
3139:8 May
3084:5 May
3025:6 May
2999:6 May
2971:6 May
2945:6 May
2901:6 May
2875:6 May
2849:6 May
2823:6 May
2797:2 May
2771:5 May
2745:5 May
2688:1 May
2637:1 May
2582:5 May
2429:5 May
2401:6 May
2373:5 May
2340:6 May
2281:6 May
2255:5 May
2210:5 May
2169:1 May
1867:bolts
1850:Notes
1773:]
1760:WI6+
1688:WI7+.
1672:WI7+
1663:]
1652:]
1587:WI4+
1509:]
1425:]
1192:like
1182:mixed
1071:ropes
1019:2016
563:is a
519:Pitch
514:Guide
504:Route
499:Grade
394:Slide
354:Grass
349:Crane
273:Mixed
213:Sport
201:Speed
122:Knots
91:Lists
49:]
6592:Pack
6587:Cube
6577:Core
6546:Pick
6519:Work
6510:Road
6505:Rink
6495:Pier
6320:Snow
6295:Rime
6280:Névé
6265:Hail
6225:Firn
6129:Dune
6124:Cave
6065:The
5939:Luge
5049:IFSC
4974:IFSC
4960:Rock
4514:CAMP
4304:Topo
4274:Beta
4202:Self
3999:Revo
3989:SLDs
3928:Fifi
3884:Cord
3857:Bolt
3798:Rock
3666:Tree
3641:Pole
3520:Slab
3515:Roof
3510:Face
3467:Solo
3450:Free
3322:UIAA
3298:ISBN
3279:ISBN
3257:ISBN
3235:ISBN
3209:2023
3181:2023
3141:2023
3115:2021
3086:2023
3060:2021
3027:2023
3001:2023
2973:2023
2947:2023
2903:2023
2877:2023
2851:2023
2825:2023
2799:2023
2773:2023
2747:2023
2718:2023
2690:2023
2639:2023
2584:2023
2558:2024
2532:2024
2494:2024
2457:2023
2431:2023
2403:2023
2375:2023
2342:2023
2309:2023
2283:2023
2257:2023
2212:2023
2171:2023
2122:ISBN
2061:2023
2029:2024
2001:2023
1964:ISBN
1869:for
1598:WI6
1323:and
1184:and
1129:adze
1077:and
1035:and
997:The
935:and
672:and
635:and
625:UIAA
509:Beta
492:FFFA
399:Tree
389:Rope
369:Pole
225:Solo
208:Free
6470:Bar
6230:Fog
6164:Sea
6159:Jam
6119:Cap
6072:of
6057:Ice
5813:BMX
5264:Ice
4634:REI
4629:Rab
3962:Nut
3955:PAC
3945:Hex
3571:Ice
3409:Aid
1742:WI7
1511:on
1332:R/X
1287:on
1207:or
854:In
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