329:, amongst others. While teaching, she was offered the position of director of the Nutrition Research Project of the Merril-Palmer School for Motherhood and Child Development. The project's goal was to improve knowledge and research on the health of mothers. Hoobler spent the next 31 years directing the laboratory and then served as a research consultant from 1954 to 1974. Under her direction, the laboratory published 300 journal articles and several books on subjects ranging from the metabolism of women during the reproductive cycle to the chemistry of the red blood cell.
306:(kidney inflammation). Because of her acute nephritis, she was urged to take a year's leave of absence. Hoobler was also not allowed to eat in the dining hall for doctors, as all the other doctors were male, and she was not allowed to eat in the nurses' dining hall for bureaucratic reasons, so she ate with the hospital employees. Upon expressing her dissatisfaction to the chief of the laboratory, she was told that she would soon get used to the conditions. After two weeks, and when the conditions did not improve, Hoobler resigned from Western Pennsylvania Hospital.
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216:, where she became interested in science from watching the maturation of animals and spending time roaming around her family's property. She became especially interested in children's wellness when on a trip during her childhood, where she observed sick children in poor living conditions in the mountains of Arkansas and became aroused with compassion.
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A day after her resignation, the president of the board of trustees asked her why she decided to resign and why she did not attend the annual staff banquet, which the chief of the laboratory had not invited her to because he did not think she would want to be with "all those men." After the president
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as an assistant chemist, where she faced extreme discrimination for her gender. The hospital only had restrooms for men, and
Hoobler had to use a restroom in a public building a half-block down the street. Due to this, she limited her trips to the bathroom and after a few months of working at the
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invited her to speak at its event, not realizing that "Icie" was a female's name. Upon arriving at the event, Hoobler was not allowed to enter until her husband negotiated with the manager and the board of trustees re-voted on whether or not to let her speak.
200:(July 23, 1892 – January 6, 1984) was an American biochemist who did research in human nutrition, specifically pertaining to mothers and children. Despite facing discrimination because of her gender, she became the first woman chair of a local section of the
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at the urging of her parents, against her own wishes. At
Central College, she met her first mentor, biology teacher Lily Egbert, who encouraged her to pursue science. With a new passion for science, she decided to attend the
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At the age of 46, Hoobler married Dr. Raymond
Hoobler, but he died in 1943, after five years of marriage. In 1982, Hoobler returned to her birthplace in Missouri and died two years later in 1984.
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During a lecture on the dairy and milk industry at Yale, the professor encouraged the women in attendance to go into research on human
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Hoobler faced numerous other instances of discrimination over the course of her career, including when the
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chastised the chief of the laboratory, Hoobler's treatment at the hospital improved to her satisfaction.
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to major in chemistry with a minor in physics. Her advisor at
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Women in
Chemistry: Their Changing Roles from Alchemical Times to the Mid-twentieth Century
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In 1923, during her year of rest after developing nephritis, Hoobler began teaching at the
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395:. The International Society for Research in Human Milk and Lactation. Archived from
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In 1931, Hoobler was selected as the first woman chair of the local section of the
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Immediately after earning her master's degree, she entered a Ph.D. program at
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Before pursuing a career in chemistry, Hoobler spent three years at the
516:. American Chemical Society and Chemical Heritage Foundation. pp.
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in 1918. Her first master's project was developing a more sensitive
482:(1. publ. ed.). Westport, Conn. : Greenwood Press. pp.
479:
Notable Women in the
Physical Sciences: A Biographical Dictionary
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from the
American Chemical Society, the Borden Award from the
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After receiving her Ph.D. from Yale, she started working at
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and won 22 awards and honors for her laboratory's research.
263:. Additionally, Hoobler was a teaching assistant in the
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Hoobler went on to earn her master's degree from the
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349:, the Osborne Award, and the Mendel Award from the
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2322:Les Meres et Debutantes Club of Greater Lansing
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510:Rayner-Canham, Marelene and Geoffrey (1998).
427:. New York: Facts on File. pp. 346–347.
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547:American women of science since 1900
2085:Sister Mary Francilene Van de Vyver
549:. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO.
347:American Home Economics Association
323:University of California, Berkeley
25:
2602:American Legion NUWARINE Post 535
234:University of Colorado at Boulder
2896:Traverse City Ladies Association
424:Encyclopedia of world scientists
2220:Dorean Marguerite Hurley Koenig
351:American Institute of Nutrition
2950:People from Gallatin, Missouri
2945:20th-century American chemists
1:
1104:Virginia Cecile Blomer Nordby
634:Mamie Geraldine Neale Bledsoe
595:Michigan Women's Hall of Fame
355:Michigan Women's Hall of Fame
302:hospital she developed acute
295:Western Pennsylvania Hospital
212:Hoobler grew up on a farm in
156:Michigan Women's Hall of Fame
2768:Elizabeth Jackson (Michigan)
2038:Woman's Hospital Association
1262:Marie-Therese Guyon Cadillac
893:Louise (Sally) Langdon Brown
421:Oakes, Elizabeth H. (2007).
353:. She was inducted into the
2699:Margaret Kirchner Stevenson
1369:Carrie Frazier Rogers-Brown
639:Elizabeth Margaret Chandler
2971:
2925:American women biochemists
2383:Marina von Neumann Whitman
1646:Katharine Dexter McCormick
1626:Cornelia Groefsema Kennedy
1379:Waunetta McClellan Dominic
1201:Catherine Carter Blackwell
545:Wayne, Tiffany K. (2011).
476:Shearer, Benjamin (1997).
198:Icie Gertrude Macy Hoobler
18:Icie Gertrude Macy Hoobler
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2740:
2178:
2167:
2075:Jane Johnston Schoolcraft
1870:Constance Mayfield Rourke
1850:Jennifer Mulhern Granholm
1599:
1588:
1011:
1000:
826:Mary Chase Perry Stratton
612:
601:
339:American Chemical Society
325:. She taught a course on
202:American Chemical Society
191:
172:
1896:Georgia A. Lewis Johnson
1748:Lucille Hanna McCollough
1692:Francie Kraker Goodridge
1621:Dauris Gwendolyn Jackson
1282:Genora Johnson Dollinger
1150:Luise Ruth Leismer Mahon
964:Bernadine Newsom Denning
208:Early life and education
2464:Lucille Farrier Stickel
1977:Martha Strickland Clark
1921:Margaret Sellers Walker
1496:Dorrie Ellen Rosenblatt
1430:Four Sisters of Charity
1425:Marion Corwell-Shertzer
1353:Jacquelin E. Washington
1318:Yolanda Alvarado-Ortega
1211:Katherine Hill Campbell
1063:Delia Villegas Vorhauer
1048:Emelia Christine Schaub
1023:Emily Helen Butterfield
949:Anna Sutherland Bissell
821:Marjorie Peebles-Meyers
816:Marjorie Swank Matthews
745:Emma Genevieve Gillette
735:Caroline Bartlett Crane
624:Harriette Simpson Arnow
265:physiological chemistry
2955:Chemists from Missouri
2891:Kelly Rossman McKinney
2886:Denise Langford Morris
2865:Danielle Camille Woods
2855:Mary Kramer (Michigan)
2541:Elizabeth Sparks Adams
2449:Marylou Olivarez Mason
2439:Mary Carmelita Manning
2414:Elizabeth Lehman Belen
1845:Geraldine Bledsoe Ford
1728:Julia Wheelock Freeman
1723:Hortense Golden Canady
1707:Joesphine Stern Weiner
1682:Theresa Maxis Duchemin
1672:Cora Reynolds Anderson
1547:Margaret Drake Elliott
1384:Margaret Muth Laurence
1292:Sarah Van Hoosen Jones
1109:Dorothy Comstock Riley
847:Marion Isabel Barnhart
755:Magdelaine Laframboise
704:Lucinda Hinsdale Stone
644:Mary Stallings Coleman
245:University of Colorado
221:Central Female College
2719:Vernice Davis Anthony
2617:Lisette Denison Forth
2581:Lou Anna Kimsey Simon
2444:Barbara Roberts Mason
2393:Elizabeth Eaglesfield
1982:Helen Hornbeck Tanner
1733:Lillian Mellen Genser
1616:Katherine G. Heideman
1506:Martha Jean Steinberg
1481:Hilda Patricia Curran
1333:Lucia Voorhees Grimes
1302:Helen Walker McAndrew
1196:Edith Vosburgh Alvord
908:Frances Alvord Harris
852:Patricia Hill Burnett
230:University of Chicago
102:University of Chicago
2860:Mary Locke Petermann
2845:Esther Gordy Edwards
2783:Atlas Ruth Westbrook
2373:Joan Jackson Johnson
2215:Sherrill Freeborough
2205:Sandra Laser Draggoo
1947:Mary Esther Daddazio
1804:Eliza Seaman Leggett
1799:Joyce Lewis Kornbluh
1697:Marian Bayoff Ilitch
1641:Marilyn Fisher Lundy
1611:Loney Clinton Gordon
1567:Emily Burton Ketcham
1460:Matilda Dodge Wilson
1435:Della McGraw Goodwin
1394:Betsy Graves Reyneau
1389:Claudia House Morcom
1277:Bertha A. Daubendiek
1216:Lenna Frances Cooper
1180:Charleszetta Waddles
1160:Martha Romayne Seger
1033:Dorothy Leonard Judd
740:Marguerite de Angeli
674:Laura Smith Haviland
58:6 January 1984
2824:Sarah Elizabeth Ray
2673:Clara Stanton Jones
2571:Mary Free Bed Guild
2363:Judith Levin Cantor
2337:Eva McCall Hamilton
2200:Augusta Jane Chapin
2195:Laura Carter Callow
1901:Lida Holmes Mattman
1794:Alice Scanlan Kocel
1763:Muriel Dorothy Ross
1758:Martha Louise Rayne
1738:May Stocking Knaggs
1631:Marjorie J. Lansing
1501:Ella Merriman Sharp
1445:Nancy Harkness Love
1404:Joan Luedders Wolfe
1399:Shirley E. Schwartz
1348:Laura Freele Osborn
1246:Irene Clark Woodman
1221:Roberta A. Griffith
1145:Violet Temple Lewis
928:Sarah Goddard Power
903:Marcia J. Federbush
801:Elizabeth C. Crosby
770:Jessie Pharr Slaton
664:Martha W. Griffiths
386:"Macy & György"
238:inorganic chemistry
225:Lexington, Missouri
27:American biochemist
2668:Mona Hanna-Attisha
2500:Mabel White Holmes
2429:Dorothy A. Johnson
2358:Elizabeth W. Bauer
2312:Mary Jane Dockeray
2281:Rose Mary Robinson
2266:Valeria Lipczynski
2136:Elizabeth Phillips
2131:Kay Givens McGowan
1972:Dora Hall Stockman
1814:Marion Weyant Ruth
1743:Naomi Long Madgett
1702:Mary Ellen Riordan
1651:Kathleen N. Straus
1562:Ella Eaton Kellogg
1170:Sylvia M. Stoesser
1140:Sarah Emma Edmonds
1114:Edith Mays Swanson
1043:Fannie M. Richards
918:Agnes Mary Mansour
913:M. Jane Kay Nugent
214:Gallatin, Missouri
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2911:
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2904:
2903:
2736:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2642:Rosemary C. Sarri
2637:Rosie the Riveter
2627:Verna Grahek Mize
2612:Clara Bryant Ford
2510:Esther K. Shapiro
2459:Mary Ellen Sheets
2317:Judith Karandjeff
2163:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2111:Margaret Chandler
2040:(charter members)
1656:Clarissa M. Young
1584:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1231:Jeanne Omelenchuk
996:
995:
992:
991:
974:Jean Ledwith King
898:Ethelene Crockett
780:Bertha Van Hoosen
760:Martha Longstreet
750:Icie Macy Hoobler
689:Helen W. Milliken
629:N. Lorraine Beebe
434:978-0-8160-6158-7
343:Garvan–Olin Medal
195:
194:
150:Garvan–Olin Medal
16:(Redirected from
2962:
2881:Gretchen Whitmer
2809:Debra White-Hunt
2753:
2742:
2678:Angela K. Wilson
2647:Elizabeth Wetzel
2586:Charlotte Wilson
2424:Jeanne Findlater
2368:Paula Cunningham
2235:Cynthia J. Pasky
2180:
2169:
2023:Jane Briggs Hart
1926:Elizabeth Weaver
1911:Deborah Stabenow
1865:Cathy McClelland
1819:Bernice Steadman
1779:Mary Agnes Blair
1601:
1590:
1491:Eleanor Josaitis
1455:Sharon E. Sutton
1450:Maryann Mahaffey
1338:R. Louise Grooms
1241:Edna Noble White
1226:Bina West Miller
1206:Jean W. Campbell
1135:Mary Lou Butcher
1053:Mary P. Sinclair
1013:
1002:
984:Mary Anne Bryant
872:Rosa Slade Gragg
765:Elly M. Peterson
730:Helen J. Claytor
699:Anna Howard Shaw
649:Wilma T. Donahue
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186:Lafayette Mendel
181:Academic advisor
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92:Randolph College
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2804:Rosalind Brewer
2792:
2788:Dorothy Zehnder
2778:Martha Teichner
2747:
2728:
2724:Terry Blackhawk
2714:Gilda Z. Jacobs
2704:Lucile A. Watts
2687:
2651:
2607:Ella Mae Backus
2590:
2529:
2495:Janet C. Cooper
2468:
2402:
2378:Gladys McKenney
2346:
2332:L. Anna Ballard
2327:Serena Williams
2307:Patricia Caruso
2302:Gladys Beckwith
2290:
2286:Tricia Saunders
2239:
2210:Annie Etheridge
2174:
2155:
2141:Jessica Rickert
2106:Grace Lee Boggs
2089:
2043:
2033:Kathleen Wilbur
1986:
1952:Margery Feliksa
1930:
1886:Margaret Chiara
1874:
1833:
1784:Verne Burbridge
1767:
1711:
1687:Aretha Franklin
1677:Lucile E. Belen
1660:
1595:
1576:
1557:Eleonore Hutzel
1552:Elizabeth Homer
1542:Doris DeDeckere
1532:Patricia Beeman
1520:
1476:Connie Binsfeld
1464:
1408:
1357:
1306:
1250:
1184:
1118:
1079:Rachel Andresen
1067:
1038:Elba Lila Morse
1007:
988:
959:Anne R. Davidow
932:
923:Helen M. Martin
881:
835:
811:Elmina R. Lucke
784:
775:Mary C. Spencer
713:
709:Sojourner Truth
679:Mildred Jeffrey
659:Josephine Gomon
608:
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539:Further reading
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402:on 22 July 2021
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276:Yale University
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174:Academic career
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97:Yale University
85:Alma mater
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2850:Carol Hutchins
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2819:Fannie B. Peck
2816:
2814:Lila Neuenfelt
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2709:Martha Baldwin
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2632:Bernice Morton
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2622:Mary Kay Henry
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327:food chemistry
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269:medical school
267:course at the
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2561:Evelyn Golden
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2551:Daisy Elliott
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2520:Myra Wolfgang
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2485:Maxine Berman
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2261:Marilyn Kelly
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2003:Gertrude Buck
2001:
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1297:Aleda E. Lutz
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1094:Janet K. Good
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862:Georgia Emery
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857:Ethel Calhoun
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261:tungsten ores
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257:tungstic acid
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2829:Diana Sieger
2773:Glenda Price
2566:Olivia Letts
2556:Faith Fowler
2256:Jumana Judeh
2230:Edith Munger
2151:Marlo Thomas
2101:Carol Atkins
2055:Carol Atkins
1967:Marge Piercy
1962:Viola Liuzzo
1860:Florine Mark
1753:Lana Pollack
1636:Chuan-Pu Lee
1374:Anna Clemenc
1343:Odessa Komer
1287:Flora Hommel
1267:Ruth Carlton
1175:Lucy Thurman
1155:Gilda Radner
954:Alexa Canady
944:Clara Arthur
831:Helen Thomas
806:Gwen Frostic
546:
512:
478:
438:. Retrieved
423:
416:
404:. Retrieved
397:the original
392:
364:
336:
320:
315:Chicago Club
312:
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280:
273:
242:
218:
211:
197:
196:
173:
158:(1984)
66:(aged 91–92)
34:Icie Hoobler
2935:1984 deaths
2930:1892 births
2763:Najah Bazzy
2515:Maggie Walz
2434:Julie Krone
2121:Edna Ferber
1942:Cynthia Yao
1809:Ida Lippman
1516:Lily Tomlin
877:Clara Raven
2919:Categories
2576:Diana Ross
2546:Anan Ameri
2490:Sue Carter
2190:Mary Aikey
2116:Ruth Ellis
2065:Carol King
1998:Mary Brown
1130:Cora Brown
1089:Jan BenDor
1058:Merze Tate
979:Olga Madar
867:Betty Ford
694:Rosa Parks
527:0841235228
493:0313293031
369:References
299:Pittsburgh
126:Biochemist
119:Occupation
43:1892
2276:Kary Moss
2080:Leta Snow
2008:Emma Cole
1486:Marie Dye
1099:Jo Jacobs
1084:Mary Beck
440:24 August
357:in 1984.
304:nephritis
283:nutrition
253:autopsies
251:test for
236:to teach
70:Gallatin
518:138–142
484:197–202
406:15 July
249:cyanide
553:
524:
490:
431:
393:Awards
333:Honors
289:Career
152:(1946)
143:Awards
128:
104:
72:
2746:2020s
2173:2010s
1594:2000s
1006:1990s
607:1980s
400:(PDF)
389:(PDF)
259:from
2874:2023
2838:2022
2797:2021
2756:2020
2692:2019
2656:2018
2595:2017
2534:2016
2473:2015
2407:2014
2351:2013
2295:2012
2244:2011
2183:2010
2094:2009
2048:2008
1991:2007
1935:2006
1879:2005
1838:2004
1772:2003
1716:2002
1665:2001
1604:2000
1525:1999
1469:1998
1413:1997
1362:1996
1311:1995
1255:1994
1189:1993
1123:1992
1072:1991
1016:1990
937:1989
886:1988
840:1987
789:1986
718:1984
617:1983
551:ISBN
522:ISBN
488:ISBN
442:2016
429:ISBN
408:2021
55:Died
40:Born
297:in
223:in
2921::
520:.
502:^
486:.
450:^
391:.
377:^
271:.
240:.
587:e
580:t
573:v
559:.
530:.
496:.
444:.
410:.
20:)
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