318:, amongst others. While teaching, she was offered the position of director of the Nutrition Research Project of the Merril-Palmer School for Motherhood and Child Development. The project's goal was to improve knowledge and research on the health of mothers. Hoobler spent the next 31 years directing the laboratory and then served as a research consultant from 1954 to 1974. Under her direction, the laboratory published 300 journal articles and several books on subjects ranging from the metabolism of women during the reproductive cycle to the chemistry of the red blood cell.
295:(kidney inflammation). Because of her acute nephritis, she was urged to take a year's leave of absence. Hoobler was also not allowed to eat in the dining hall for doctors, as all the other doctors were male, and she was not allowed to eat in the nurses' dining hall for bureaucratic reasons, so she ate with the hospital employees. Upon expressing her dissatisfaction to the chief of the laboratory, she was told that she would soon get used to the conditions. After two weeks, and when the conditions did not improve, Hoobler resigned from Western Pennsylvania Hospital.
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267:, where she studied physiological chemistry. At the time, Yale admitted a handful of female graduate students, but it was difficult for these female students to find housing near campus, as landlords discriminated against women and saw them as "bothersome." Hoobler joined the Graduate Women's Club and worked to improve living arrangements for female graduate students. Eventually, due to persuasion of the Graduate Women's Club, the university provided an on-campus living option to female students.
205:, where she became interested in science from watching the maturation of animals and spending time roaming around her family's property. She became especially interested in children's wellness when on a trip during her childhood, where she observed sick children in poor living conditions in the mountains of Arkansas and became aroused with compassion.
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A day after her resignation, the president of the board of trustees asked her why she decided to resign and why she did not attend the annual staff banquet, which the chief of the laboratory had not invited her to because he did not think she would want to be with "all those men." After the president
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as an assistant chemist, where she faced extreme discrimination for her gender. The hospital only had restrooms for men, and
Hoobler had to use a restroom in a public building a half-block down the street. Due to this, she limited her trips to the bathroom and after a few months of working at the
306:
invited her to speak at its event, not realizing that "Icie" was a female's name. Upon arriving at the event, Hoobler was not allowed to enter until her husband negotiated with the manager and the board of trustees re-voted on whether or not to let her speak.
189:(July 23, 1892 – January 6, 1984) was an American biochemist who did research in human nutrition, specifically pertaining to mothers and children. Despite facing discrimination because of her gender, she became the first woman chair of a local section of the
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at the urging of her parents, against her own wishes. At
Central College, she met her first mentor, biology teacher Lily Egbert, who encouraged her to pursue science. With a new passion for science, she decided to attend the
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At the age of 46, Hoobler married Dr. Raymond
Hoobler, but he died in 1943, after five years of marriage. In 1982, Hoobler returned to her birthplace in Missouri and died two years later in 1984.
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During a lecture on the dairy and milk industry at Yale, the professor encouraged the women in attendance to go into research on human
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Hoobler faced numerous other instances of discrimination over the course of her career, including when the
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chastised the chief of the laboratory, Hoobler's treatment at the hospital improved to her satisfaction.
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to major in chemistry with a minor in physics. Her advisor at
University of Chicago sent her to
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Women in
Chemistry: Their Changing Roles from Alchemical Times to the Mid-twentieth Century
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In 1923, during her year of rest after developing nephritis, Hoobler began teaching at the
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384:. The International Society for Research in Human Milk and Lactation. Archived from
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In 1931, Hoobler was selected as the first woman chair of the local section of the
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Immediately after earning her master's degree, she entered a Ph.D. program at
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1996:
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Before pursuing a career in chemistry, Hoobler spent three years at the
505:. American Chemical Society and Chemical Heritage Foundation. pp.
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237:
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in 1918. Her first master's project was developing a more sensitive
471:(1. publ. ed.). Westport, Conn. : Greenwood Press. pp.
468:
Notable Women in the
Physical Sciences: A Biographical Dictionary
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from the
American Chemical Society, the Borden Award from the
282:
After receiving her Ph.D. from Yale, she started working at
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and won 22 awards and honors for her laboratory's research.
252:. Additionally, Hoobler was a teaching assistant in the
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Hoobler went on to earn her master's degree from the
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338:, the Osborne Award, and the Mendel Award from the
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2311:Les Meres et Debutantes Club of Greater Lansing
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499:Rayner-Canham, Marelene and Geoffrey (1998).
416:. New York: Facts on File. pp. 346–347.
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536:American women of science since 1900
2074:Sister Mary Francilene Van de Vyver
538:. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO.
336:American Home Economics Association
312:University of California, Berkeley
14:
2591:American Legion NUWARINE Post 535
223:University of Colorado at Boulder
2885:Traverse City Ladies Association
413:Encyclopedia of world scientists
2209:Dorean Marguerite Hurley Koenig
340:American Institute of Nutrition
2939:People from Gallatin, Missouri
2934:20th-century American chemists
1:
1093:Virginia Cecile Blomer Nordby
623:Mamie Geraldine Neale Bledsoe
584:Michigan Women's Hall of Fame
344:Michigan Women's Hall of Fame
291:hospital she developed acute
284:Western Pennsylvania Hospital
201:Hoobler grew up on a farm in
145:Michigan Women's Hall of Fame
2757:Elizabeth Jackson (Michigan)
2027:Woman's Hospital Association
1251:Marie-Therese Guyon Cadillac
882:Louise (Sally) Langdon Brown
410:Oakes, Elizabeth H. (2007).
342:. She was inducted into the
2688:Margaret Kirchner Stevenson
1358:Carrie Frazier Rogers-Brown
628:Elizabeth Margaret Chandler
2960:
2914:American women biochemists
2372:Marina von Neumann Whitman
1635:Katharine Dexter McCormick
1615:Cornelia Groefsema Kennedy
1368:Waunetta McClellan Dominic
1190:Catherine Carter Blackwell
534:Wayne, Tiffany K. (2011).
465:Shearer, Benjamin (1997).
187:Icie Gertrude Macy Hoobler
2740:
2729:
2167:
2156:
2064:Jane Johnston Schoolcraft
1859:Constance Mayfield Rourke
1839:Jennifer Mulhern Granholm
1588:
1577:
1000:
989:
815:Mary Chase Perry Stratton
601:
590:
328:American Chemical Society
314:. She taught a course on
191:American Chemical Society
180:
161:
1885:Georgia A. Lewis Johnson
1737:Lucille Hanna McCollough
1681:Francie Kraker Goodridge
1610:Dauris Gwendolyn Jackson
1271:Genora Johnson Dollinger
1139:Luise Ruth Leismer Mahon
953:Bernadine Newsom Denning
197:Early life and education
2453:Lucille Farrier Stickel
1966:Martha Strickland Clark
1910:Margaret Sellers Walker
1485:Dorrie Ellen Rosenblatt
1419:Four Sisters of Charity
1414:Marion Corwell-Shertzer
1342:Jacquelin E. Washington
1307:Yolanda Alvarado-Ortega
1200:Katherine Hill Campbell
1052:Delia Villegas Vorhauer
1037:Emelia Christine Schaub
1012:Emily Helen Butterfield
938:Anna Sutherland Bissell
810:Marjorie Peebles-Meyers
805:Marjorie Swank Matthews
734:Emma Genevieve Gillette
724:Caroline Bartlett Crane
613:Harriette Simpson Arnow
254:physiological chemistry
2944:Chemists from Missouri
2880:Kelly Rossman McKinney
2875:Denise Langford Morris
2854:Danielle Camille Woods
2844:Mary Kramer (Michigan)
2530:Elizabeth Sparks Adams
2438:Marylou Olivarez Mason
2428:Mary Carmelita Manning
2403:Elizabeth Lehman Belen
1834:Geraldine Bledsoe Ford
1717:Julia Wheelock Freeman
1712:Hortense Golden Canady
1696:Joesphine Stern Weiner
1671:Theresa Maxis Duchemin
1661:Cora Reynolds Anderson
1536:Margaret Drake Elliott
1373:Margaret Muth Laurence
1281:Sarah Van Hoosen Jones
1098:Dorothy Comstock Riley
836:Marion Isabel Barnhart
744:Magdelaine Laframboise
693:Lucinda Hinsdale Stone
633:Mary Stallings Coleman
234:University of Colorado
210:Central Female College
2708:Vernice Davis Anthony
2606:Lisette Denison Forth
2570:Lou Anna Kimsey Simon
2433:Barbara Roberts Mason
2382:Elizabeth Eaglesfield
1971:Helen Hornbeck Tanner
1722:Lillian Mellen Genser
1605:Katherine G. Heideman
1495:Martha Jean Steinberg
1470:Hilda Patricia Curran
1322:Lucia Voorhees Grimes
1291:Helen Walker McAndrew
1185:Edith Vosburgh Alvord
897:Frances Alvord Harris
841:Patricia Hill Burnett
219:University of Chicago
91:University of Chicago
2849:Mary Locke Petermann
2834:Esther Gordy Edwards
2772:Atlas Ruth Westbrook
2362:Joan Jackson Johnson
2204:Sherrill Freeborough
2194:Sandra Laser Draggoo
1936:Mary Esther Daddazio
1793:Eliza Seaman Leggett
1788:Joyce Lewis Kornbluh
1686:Marian Bayoff Ilitch
1630:Marilyn Fisher Lundy
1600:Loney Clinton Gordon
1556:Emily Burton Ketcham
1449:Matilda Dodge Wilson
1424:Della McGraw Goodwin
1383:Betsy Graves Reyneau
1378:Claudia House Morcom
1266:Bertha A. Daubendiek
1205:Lenna Frances Cooper
1169:Charleszetta Waddles
1149:Martha Romayne Seger
1022:Dorothy Leonard Judd
729:Marguerite de Angeli
663:Laura Smith Haviland
47:6 January 1984
2813:Sarah Elizabeth Ray
2662:Clara Stanton Jones
2560:Mary Free Bed Guild
2352:Judith Levin Cantor
2326:Eva McCall Hamilton
2189:Augusta Jane Chapin
2184:Laura Carter Callow
1890:Lida Holmes Mattman
1783:Alice Scanlan Kocel
1752:Muriel Dorothy Ross
1747:Martha Louise Rayne
1727:May Stocking Knaggs
1620:Marjorie J. Lansing
1490:Ella Merriman Sharp
1434:Nancy Harkness Love
1393:Joan Luedders Wolfe
1388:Shirley E. Schwartz
1337:Laura Freele Osborn
1235:Irene Clark Woodman
1210:Roberta A. Griffith
1134:Violet Temple Lewis
917:Sarah Goddard Power
892:Marcia J. Federbush
790:Elizabeth C. Crosby
759:Jessie Pharr Slaton
653:Martha W. Griffiths
375:"Macy & György"
227:inorganic chemistry
214:Lexington, Missouri
16:American biochemist
2657:Mona Hanna-Attisha
2489:Mabel White Holmes
2418:Dorothy A. Johnson
2347:Elizabeth W. Bauer
2301:Mary Jane Dockeray
2270:Rose Mary Robinson
2255:Valeria Lipczynski
2125:Elizabeth Phillips
2120:Kay Givens McGowan
1961:Dora Hall Stockman
1803:Marion Weyant Ruth
1732:Naomi Long Madgett
1691:Mary Ellen Riordan
1640:Kathleen N. Straus
1551:Ella Eaton Kellogg
1159:Sylvia M. Stoesser
1129:Sarah Emma Edmonds
1103:Edith Mays Swanson
1032:Fannie M. Richards
907:Agnes Mary Mansour
902:M. Jane Kay Nugent
203:Gallatin, Missouri
2901:
2900:
2897:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2631:Rosemary C. Sarri
2626:Rosie the Riveter
2616:Verna Grahek Mize
2601:Clara Bryant Ford
2499:Esther K. Shapiro
2448:Mary Ellen Sheets
2306:Judith Karandjeff
2152:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2100:Margaret Chandler
2029:(charter members)
1645:Clarissa M. Young
1573:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1220:Jeanne Omelenchuk
985:
984:
981:
980:
963:Jean Ledwith King
887:Ethelene Crockett
769:Bertha Van Hoosen
749:Martha Longstreet
739:Icie Macy Hoobler
678:Helen W. Milliken
618:N. Lorraine Beebe
423:978-0-8160-6158-7
332:Garvan–Olin Medal
184:
183:
139:Garvan–Olin Medal
2951:
2870:Gretchen Whitmer
2798:Debra White-Hunt
2742:
2731:
2667:Angela K. Wilson
2636:Elizabeth Wetzel
2575:Charlotte Wilson
2413:Jeanne Findlater
2357:Paula Cunningham
2224:Cynthia J. Pasky
2169:
2158:
2012:Jane Briggs Hart
1915:Elizabeth Weaver
1900:Deborah Stabenow
1854:Cathy McClelland
1808:Bernice Steadman
1768:Mary Agnes Blair
1590:
1579:
1480:Eleanor Josaitis
1444:Sharon E. Sutton
1439:Maryann Mahaffey
1327:R. Louise Grooms
1230:Edna Noble White
1215:Bina West Miller
1195:Jean W. Campbell
1124:Mary Lou Butcher
1042:Mary P. Sinclair
1002:
991:
973:Mary Anne Bryant
861:Rosa Slade Gragg
754:Elly M. Peterson
719:Helen J. Claytor
688:Anna Howard Shaw
638:Wilma T. Donahue
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175:Lafayette Mendel
170:Academic advisor
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100:
99:
81:Randolph College
69:
68:
67:
54:
53:
39:
38:
19:
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2858:
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2793:Rosalind Brewer
2781:
2777:Dorothy Zehnder
2767:Martha Teichner
2736:
2717:
2713:Terry Blackhawk
2703:Gilda Z. Jacobs
2693:Lucile A. Watts
2676:
2640:
2596:Ella Mae Backus
2579:
2518:
2484:Janet C. Cooper
2457:
2391:
2367:Gladys McKenney
2335:
2321:L. Anna Ballard
2316:Serena Williams
2296:Patricia Caruso
2291:Gladys Beckwith
2279:
2275:Tricia Saunders
2228:
2199:Annie Etheridge
2163:
2144:
2130:Jessica Rickert
2095:Grace Lee Boggs
2078:
2032:
2022:Kathleen Wilbur
1975:
1941:Margery Feliksa
1919:
1875:Margaret Chiara
1863:
1822:
1773:Verne Burbridge
1756:
1700:
1676:Aretha Franklin
1666:Lucile E. Belen
1649:
1584:
1565:
1546:Eleonore Hutzel
1541:Elizabeth Homer
1531:Doris DeDeckere
1521:Patricia Beeman
1509:
1465:Connie Binsfeld
1453:
1397:
1346:
1295:
1239:
1173:
1107:
1068:Rachel Andresen
1056:
1027:Elba Lila Morse
996:
977:
948:Anne R. Davidow
921:
912:Helen M. Martin
870:
824:
800:Elmina R. Lucke
773:
764:Mary C. Spencer
702:
698:Sojourner Truth
668:Mildred Jeffrey
648:Josephine Gomon
597:
586:
581:
546:
533:
530:
528:Further reading
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391:on 22 July 2021
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265:Yale University
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163:Academic career
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86:Yale University
74:Alma mater
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2846:
2841:
2839:Carol Hutchins
2836:
2830:
2828:
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2823:
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2815:
2810:
2808:Fannie B. Peck
2805:
2803:Lila Neuenfelt
2800:
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2698:Martha Baldwin
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2623:
2621:Bernice Morton
2618:
2613:
2611:Mary Kay Henry
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2514:Linda M. Woods
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2494:Candice Miller
2491:
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2476:
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2469:Jocelyn Benson
2465:
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2387:Harriet Quimby
2384:
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2377:Con-Con Eleven
2374:
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2260:Edelmira Lopez
2257:
2252:
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2236:
2234:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2214:Terry McMillan
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
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2186:
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2173:
2165:
2164:
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2154:
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2137:
2135:Betty Tableman
2132:
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2024:
2019:
2017:Abigail Rogers
2014:
2009:
2007:Carolyn Geisel
2004:
2002:Haifa Fakhouri
1999:
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1989:
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1948:
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1905:Caroline Thrun
1902:
1897:
1895:Olivia Maynard
1892:
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1880:Eva Lois Evans
1877:
1871:
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1844:Lystra Gretter
1841:
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1813:Pamela Withrow
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1312:Irene Auberlin
1309:
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1225:Sippie Wallace
1222:
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1019:
1017:Erma Henderson
1014:
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994:
987:
986:
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979:
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976:
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958:Isabella Karle
955:
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826:
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785:Patricia Boyle
781:
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766:
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746:
741:
736:
731:
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714:Virginia Allan
710:
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695:
690:
685:
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673:Pearl Kendrick
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658:Dorothy Haener
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643:Grace Eldering
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488:
481:
436:
422:
402:
362:
361:
359:
356:
351:
348:
323:
320:
316:food chemistry
279:
276:
258:medical school
256:course at the
198:
195:
182:
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142:
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45:
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26:
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15:
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10:
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4:
3:
2:
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2673:
2672:Kym L. Worthy
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
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2653:
2652:Agatha Biddle
2650:
2649:
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2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2550:Evelyn Golden
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2540:Daisy Elliott
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2509:Myra Wolfgang
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2474:Maxine Berman
2472:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2443:Andra M. Rush
2441:
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2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
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2408:MaryLee Davis
2406:
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2338:
2332:
2331:Mary E. McCoy
2329:
2327:
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2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2250:Marilyn Kelly
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2240:Lois A. Bader
2238:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2225:
2222:
2220:
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2212:
2210:
2207:
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2197:
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2159:
2155:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2115:Glenda Lappan
2113:
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2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2087:
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2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2059:Vicki Neiberg
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2049:Patricia Cuza
2047:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2035:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1992:Gertrude Buck
1990:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1978:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
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1946:Nancy Hammond
1944:
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1818:Ruth Zweifler
1816:
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1598:
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1562:
1561:Ardeth Platte
1559:
1557:
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1552:
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1539:
1537:
1534:
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1529:
1527:
1526:Olympia Brown
1524:
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1512:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1500:Ruth Thompson
1498:
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1409:Ellen Burstyn
1407:
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1400:
1394:
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1379:
1376:
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1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1317:Hilda R. Gage
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1286:Aleda E. Lutz
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1261:Flossie Cohen
1259:
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1228:
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1157:
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1154:Ann M. Shafer
1152:
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1127:
1125:
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1110:
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1096:
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1083:Janet K. Good
1081:
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928:
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918:
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905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
879:
877:
873:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
851:Georgia Emery
849:
847:
846:Ethel Calhoun
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
833:
831:
827:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
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791:
788:
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571:
566:
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559:
558:
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545:9781598841596
541:
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531:
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425:
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406:
403:
387:
383:
376:
370:
368:
364:
357:
355:
350:Personal life
349:
347:
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341:
337:
333:
329:
321:
319:
317:
313:
308:
305:
300:
296:
294:
289:
285:
277:
275:
273:
268:
266:
261:
259:
255:
251:
250:tungsten ores
247:
246:tungstic acid
243:
239:
235:
230:
228:
224:
220:
215:
211:
206:
204:
196:
194:
192:
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179:
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66:
60:
52:
46:
42:
37:
31:
27:
20:
2818:Diana Sieger
2762:Glenda Price
2555:Olivia Letts
2545:Faith Fowler
2245:Jumana Judeh
2219:Edith Munger
2140:Marlo Thomas
2090:Carol Atkins
2044:Carol Atkins
1956:Marge Piercy
1951:Viola Liuzzo
1849:Florine Mark
1742:Lana Pollack
1625:Chuan-Pu Lee
1363:Anna Clemenc
1332:Odessa Komer
1276:Flora Hommel
1256:Ruth Carlton
1164:Lucy Thurman
1144:Gilda Radner
943:Alexa Canady
933:Clara Arthur
820:Helen Thomas
795:Gwen Frostic
535:
501:
467:
427:. Retrieved
412:
405:
393:. Retrieved
386:the original
381:
353:
325:
309:
304:Chicago Club
301:
297:
281:
269:
262:
231:
207:
200:
186:
185:
162:
147:(1984)
55:(aged 91–92)
23:Icie Hoobler
2924:1984 deaths
2919:1892 births
2752:Najah Bazzy
2504:Maggie Walz
2423:Julie Krone
2110:Edna Ferber
1931:Cynthia Yao
1798:Ida Lippman
1505:Lily Tomlin
866:Clara Raven
2908:Categories
2565:Diana Ross
2535:Anan Ameri
2479:Sue Carter
2179:Mary Aikey
2105:Ruth Ellis
2054:Carol King
1987:Mary Brown
1119:Cora Brown
1078:Jan BenDor
1047:Merze Tate
968:Olga Madar
856:Betty Ford
683:Rosa Parks
516:0841235228
482:0313293031
358:References
288:Pittsburgh
115:Biochemist
108:Occupation
32:1892
2265:Kary Moss
2069:Leta Snow
1997:Emma Cole
1475:Marie Dye
1088:Jo Jacobs
1073:Mary Beck
429:24 August
346:in 1984.
293:nephritis
272:nutrition
242:autopsies
240:test for
225:to teach
59:Gallatin
507:138–142
473:197–202
395:15 July
238:cyanide
542:
513:
479:
420:
382:Awards
322:Honors
278:Career
141:(1946)
132:Awards
117:
93:
61:
2735:2020s
2162:2010s
1583:2000s
995:1990s
596:1980s
389:(PDF)
378:(PDF)
248:from
2863:2023
2827:2022
2786:2021
2745:2020
2681:2019
2645:2018
2584:2017
2523:2016
2462:2015
2396:2014
2340:2013
2284:2012
2233:2011
2172:2010
2083:2009
2037:2008
1980:2007
1924:2006
1868:2005
1827:2004
1761:2003
1705:2002
1654:2001
1593:2000
1514:1999
1458:1998
1402:1997
1351:1996
1300:1995
1244:1994
1178:1993
1112:1992
1061:1991
1005:1990
926:1989
875:1988
829:1987
778:1986
707:1984
606:1983
540:ISBN
511:ISBN
477:ISBN
431:2016
418:ISBN
397:2021
44:Died
29:Born
286:in
212:in
2910::
509:.
491:^
475:.
439:^
380:.
366:^
260:.
229:.
576:e
569:t
562:v
548:.
519:.
485:.
433:.
399:.
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