51:
683:
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1160:«History of the christian church» / Volume III / FOURTH PERIOD: THE CHURCH AMONG THE BARBARIANS. From Gregory I. To Gregory VII. A. D. 590–1049 (1073). / CHAPTER X. WORSHIP AND CEREMONIES. / § 102. The Restoration of Image-Worship by the Seventh Oecumenical Council, 787.
1245:
The
Council of Trent. The Twenty-Fifth Session. On the invocation, veneration, and relics of saints and of sacred images./ The canons and decrees of the sacred and oecumenical Council of Trent, / Ed. and trans. J. Waterworth (London: Dolman, 1848),
569:
1324:
The
Seventh General Council, the Second of Nicaea, Held A.D. 787, in which the Worship of Images was Established: With Copious Notes from the "Caroline Books", Compiled by Order of Charlemagne for Its Confutation
1004:(XIX Ecumenical Council of the Catholic Church) in 1563 confirmed iconodulism. But this council, unlike the Council of Nicaea, used a different expression in relation to icons: "honour and veneration" (
1185:
The Seven ecumenical councils of the undivided church : their canons and dogmatic decrees, together with the canons of all the local synods which have received ecumenical acceptance
1012:). Its decree reads: "we kiss, and before which we uncover the head, and prostrate ourselves, we adore Christ; and we venerate the saints, whose similitude they bear" (
559:
713:
1018:«ita ut per imagines, quas osculamur, et coram quibus caput aperimus, et procumbimus, Christum adoremus, et Sanctos quorum illae similitudinem gerunt, veneremur»
977:, but they needed to be kissed and they needed respectful worship as symbolic representations of God, angels or saints. Such a position was approved by
883:) were also starting to emerge, arguing not only against adoration of icons, but also against any form of adoration and use of icons in religious life.
669:
616:
879:. In reaction to that, the idolatrous misuse of icons was criticized and by the beginning of the 8th century some radical forms of criticism (
591:
1233:
554:
706:
1308:
1275:
626:
1054:
990:
361:
922:, the presence of the Word of God in the material world. Icons reminded the church of the physicality of God as manifested in
1346:
1128:
564:
509:
1341:
848:
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270:
224:
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197:
946:
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631:
406:
255:
50:
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953:) in 787. The Council decided that icons should not be destroyed, as was advocated and practiced by the
494:
300:
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209:
98:
63:
34:
320:
1029:
954:
907:
903:
93:
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401:
373:
315:
260:
182:
981:, but due to mis-translations of conciliar acts from Greek into Latin, a controversy arose in the
1322:
1285:
994:
950:
914:
of the imperial palace in
Constantinople. A wider prohibition of icons followed in 730. St.
844:
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419:
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305:
290:
175:
103:
1304:
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1159:
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601:
534:
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412:
229:
88:
78:
819:, iconodulism (or iconophilism) was manifested as a moderate position, between two extremes:
1001:
982:
915:
899:
891:
875:
was reserved for God alone, such an attitude towards icons as objects was seen as a form of
636:
529:
280:
152:
83:
1261:
1139:
474:
383:
815:) designating a positive attitude towards the religious use of icons. In the history of
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1005:
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958:
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804:
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520:
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147:
68:
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978:
433:
340:
137:
132:
1244:
918:
argued successfully that to prohibit the use of icons was tantamount to denying the
1318:
923:
816:
741:(kissing and honourable veneration, incense, and candlelight). The term comes from
389:
162:
42:
1270:
The Church in history. Vol. 2. Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir's
Seminary Press.
1289:
1265:
1112:
1039:
911:
839:
504:
464:
449:
335:
275:
219:
1049:
1034:
989:. The last outburst of iconoclasm in the Byzantine Empire was overcome at the
974:
824:
820:
444:
860:
606:
469:
439:
17:
1044:
876:
454:
325:
1301:
The Graeco-Roman and oriental background of the iconoclastic controversy
1154:, and solemnly sanctioned a limited worship (proskynesis) of images." –
993:, which reaffirmed the adoration of icons in an event celebrated as the
489:
214:
187:
910:
in 726, when he ordered the removal of the image of Christ above the
776:), meaning "one who serves images (icons)". It is also referred to as
898:(proponents of the veneration of icons) during that time were saints
872:
864:
828:
641:
142:
1140:
Sacrorum conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio. Tomus 13 col. 378
894:
and lasted through the 8th and the 9th centuries. The most famous
838:
157:
119:
871:) were also starting to appear, mainly in popular worship. Since
798:
759:
738:
1267:
Imperial unity and
Christian divisions: The Church 450–680 A.D.
1150:"The Nicene Council nullified the decrees of the iconoclastic
906:. The controversy was instigated by the Byzantine Emperor
1072:
1070:
945:), incense and candles for icons was established by the
851:
over iconoclasm in 843. (National Icon
Collection 18,
843:Late 14th-early 15th century icon illustrating the
560:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
957:, nor veritable (full) worshiped or adored (
823:(radical opposition to the use of icons) and
707:
8:
1234:Sacrosanctum Concilium Tridentinum / p. 579
1221:
1209:
1197:
1100:
1076:
714:
700:
369:
49:
29:
1187:/ by Percival, Henry R, / 1900 / p. 550
1170:
1088:
1066:
519:
372:
41:
859:In contrast to moderate or respectful
737:) designates the religious service to
7:
935:«ἀσπασμόν καί τιμητικήν προσκύνησιν»
943:«osculum et honorariam adorationem»
555:Members Church of God International
25:
1117:Early Christian and Byzantine Art
1299:Barnard, Leslie William (1974).
681:
1055:Council of Constantinople (843)
991:Council of Constantinople (843)
985:, resulting in the creation of
929:Kissing and respected worship (
1291:History of the Byzantine State
565:The New Church (Swedenborgian)
510:Nondenominational Christianity
1:
847:under the Byzantine empress
570:Unitarians and Universalists
1183:"true worship of faith", –
1363:
1294:. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
873:veritable (full) adoration
829:veritable (full) adoration
27:Religious service to icons
962:
934:
808:
793:
769:
754:
947:Second Council of Nicaea
888:iconoclastic controversy
1327:. London: W.E. Painter.
1152:Synod of Constantinople
1010:honorem et venerationem
973:), as was practiced by
1303:. Vol. 5. Brill.
1017:
1009:
970:
942:
856:
845:"Triumph of Orthodoxy"
1347:Christian terminology
842:
1342:Byzantine Iconoclasm
1030:Byzantine iconoclasm
904:Theodore the Studite
407:Independent Catholic
1286:Ostrogorsky, George
1212:, pp. 163–165.
963:«ἀληθινήν λατρείαν»
863:, various forms of
688:Christianity portal
545:Jehovah's Witnesses
225:History of theology
995:Feast of Orthodoxy
951:Ecumenical Council
857:
743:Neoclassical Greek
427:Church of the East
291:Early Christianity
724:
723:
577:
576:
550:Latter Day Saints
535:Iglesia ni Cristo
500:United Protestant
485:Plymouth Brethren
420:Oriental Orthodox
16:(Redirected from
1354:
1328:
1314:
1295:
1281:
1262:Meyendorff, John
1248:
1242:
1236:
1231:
1225:
1222:Ostrogorsky 1956
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1101:Ostrogorsky 1956
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1080:
1077:Ostrogorsky 1956
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1002:Council of Trent
983:Frankish kingdom
964:
936:
916:John of Damascus
900:John of Damascus
892:Byzantine Empire
810:
795:
771:
756:
716:
709:
702:
685:
530:Christadelphians
460:Free Evangelical
413:Eastern Orthodox
370:
321:East–West Schism
53:
30:
21:
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971:«veram latriam»
890:emerged in the
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720:
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627:Other religions
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1103:, p. 143.
1093:
1091:, p. LIX.
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745:εἰκονόδουλος (
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586:Related topics
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521:Restorationist
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979:Pope Adrian I
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357:Denominations
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138:New Testament
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133:Old Testament
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1184:
1178:
1171:Mendham 1850
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1146:
1135:
1116:
1113:Lowden, John
1108:
1096:
1089:Mendham 1850
1084:
999:
928:
924:Jesus Christ
908:Leo III
895:
885:
880:
868:
858:
817:Christianity
812:
797:
785:
781:
778:iconophilism
777:
773:
758:
747:eikonodoulos
746:
734:
730:
726:
725:
592:Civilization
432:
425:
418:
411:
402:Old Catholic
382:
240:Universalism
163:New Covenant
99:Resurrection
43:Christianity
1040:Iconography
955:iconoclasts
920:incarnation
912:Chalke Gate
831:of icons).
827:(idolatric
786:iconophilia
727:Iconodulism
480:Pentecostal
362:(full list)
336:Reformation
301:Constantine
220:Christology
210:Apologetics
203:Holy Spirit
124:Foundations
94:Crucifixion
1336:Categories
1129:0714831689
1123:, p. 155.
1119:. London:
1061:References
1050:Iconolatry
1035:Iconoclasm
896:iconodules
881:iconoclasm
869:iconolatry
867:of icons (
825:iconolatry
821:iconoclasm
782:iconophily
735:iconodulia
540:Irvingians
505:Waldensian
445:Anabaptist
434:Protestant
18:Iconophile
1115:. (1997)
949:(Seventh
861:adoration
731:iconoduly
647:Symbolism
607:Ecumenism
597:Criticism
475:Moravian
470:Methodist
440:Adventist
311:Augustine
261:Tradition
235:Salvation
104:Ascension
1321:(1850).
1288:(1956).
1264:(1989).
1246:232–289.
1045:Idolatry
1024:See also
877:idolatry
849:Theodora
749:) (from
665:Glossary
612:Glossary
495:Reformed
465:Lutheran
450:Anglican
384:Catholic
326:Crusades
316:Ignatius
306:Councils
271:Apostles
176:Theology
89:Ministry
79:Nativity
35:a series
33:Part of
1255:Sources
835:History
801:(image)
774:servant
762:(image)
675:Outline
652:Worship
632:Outline
622:Liturgy
602:Culture
455:Baptist
395:Eastern
331:Aquinas
256:History
230:Mission
215:Baptism
188:Trinity
84:Baptism
1307:
1274:
1127:
865:latria
794:εἰκόνα
780:(also
770:δοῦλος
755:εἰκόνα
729:(also
686:
642:Sermon
637:Prayer
490:Quaker
374:Nicene
341:Luther
193:Father
153:Church
143:Gospel
69:Christ
1014:Latin
1006:Latin
967:Latin
959:Greek
939:Latin
931:Greek
809:φιλέω
805:Greek
790:Greek
788:from
766:Greek
751:Greek
739:icons
670:Index
617:Index
390:Latin
276:Peter
158:Creed
148:Canon
120:Bible
64:Jesus
1305:ISBN
1272:ISBN
1125:ISBN
1000:The
902:and
886:The
813:love
799:icon
760:icon
286:Mary
281:Paul
1020:).
784:or
733:or
198:Son
183:God
1338::
1158:.
1069:^
1016::
1008::
997:.
969::
965:;
961::
941::
937:;
933::
926:.
855:).
811:–
807::
803:+
796:–
792::
772:–
768::
764:+
757:–
753::
37:on
1313:.
1280:.
1079:.
715:e
708:t
701:v
20:)
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