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schemes, both of which would have kept the Cloth Hall and the
Cathedral in ruins, but one scheme would allow rebuilding houses around the Grand Place, whereas the other would have created a belt of trees surrounding the Hall and Cathedral. By early September 1920, the decision had been made by the British Government that the
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There is not a single half-acre in Ypres that is not sacred. There is not a single stone which has not sheltered scores of loyal young hearts, whose one impulse and desire was to fight and, if need be, to die for
England. Their blood has drenched its cloisters and its cellars, but if never a drop had
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soldiers who fought and died there. During the Second World War the ceremony was prohibited by the occupying German forces, but was resumed on the very evening of liberation – 6 September 1944 – notwithstanding the heavy fighting still underway in other parts of the town. The Last Post ceremony was,
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proposed to leave Ypres as a mausoleum, with the rightful owners to be deprived from regaining their land. By early March 1919, the
Belgian scheme was to leave the Cathedral and Cloth Hall and the buildings around them in ruins. By November 1919, the Belgian government was seriously considering two
1000:
states that in the 1920s, British veterans set up the Ypres League and made the city the symbol of all that they believed
Britain was fighting for and gave it a holy aura in their minds. The Ypres League sought to transform the horrors of trench warfare into a spiritual quest in which British and
917:
east of the city at a terrible cost of lives. After months of fighting, this battle resulted in nearly half a million casualties to all sides, and only a few miles of ground won by Allied forces. During the course of the war the town was all but obliterated by the artillery fire.
1279:, in a joint effort by the Belgian, Flemish and Australian governments, the lions were temporarily returned to the Menin Gate. Exact replicas are now installed, in their original position, guarding the approach to Menin Gate on its eastern side.
803:
Ypres had long been fortified to keep out invaders. Parts of the early ramparts, dating from 1385, still survive near the
Rijselpoort (Lille Gate). Over time, the earthworks were replaced by sturdier masonry and earth structures and a partial
677:
was built in the 13th century. Also during this time cats, then the symbol of the devil and witchcraft, were thrown off Cloth Hall, possibly because of the belief that this would get rid of evil demons. Today, this act is commemorated with a
1475:), until the company went bankrupt. Since then, the office area had many difficult years, where a big share of the offices were unused. However, those years are mostly over, and currently, the area offers about 1000 employees a job.
1382:("Kattenstoet") takes place every three years on the second Sunday of May. It involves the throwing of stuffed toy cats from the belfry and a colourful parade of cats and witches. The latest Cat Parade took place on 13 May 2018.
1250:
soldiers would have taken heading towards the fighting – many never to return. Every evening since 1929, at precisely eight o'clock, traffic around the imposing arches of the Menin Gate
Memorial has been stopped while the
1073:, with the main square, including the Cloth Hall and town hall, being rebuilt as close to the original designs as possible (the rest of the rebuilt town is more modern in appearance). The Cloth Hall today is home to
2128:
875:, which continued until 25 May 1915. They captured high ground east of the town. The first gas attack occurred against Canadian, British, and French soldiers, including both metropolitan French soldiers as well as
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was built in the 13th century and was one of the largest commercial buildings of the Middle Ages. The structure which stands today is the exact copy of the original medieval building, rebuilt after the war. The
1014:
been spilt, if never a life had been lost in defence of Ypres still would Ypres have been hallowed, if only for the hopes and the courage it has inspired and the scenes of valour and sacrifice it has witnessed.
1108:. The city governments of Ypres and Hiroshima advocate that cities should never be targets again and campaign for the abolition of nuclear weapons. Ypres hosts the international campaign secretariat of
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1570:(1617–1673), Baroque painter, draughtsman and printmaker. He was first active in Antwerp, where he worked in the workshop of Rubens, and later became court painter at the Habsburg court in Vienna.
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into the war. The German army surrounded the city on three sides, bombarding it throughout much of the war. To counterattack, British, French, and allied forces made costly advances from the
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Ypres occupied a strategic position during the First World War because it stood in the path of
Germany's planned sweep across the rest of Belgium and into France from the north (the
1216:, a site which marks the farthest point reached by Commonwealth forces in Belgium until nearly the end of the war. Other New Zealand casualties are commemorated on memorials at
1875:
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during the First World War before 16 August 1917 and who have no known grave. United
Kingdom and New Zealand servicemen who died after that date are named on the memorial at
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in Kievan Rus' in the early 12th century. In 1241, a major fire ruined much of the old city. The powerful city was involved in important treaties and battles, including the
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since its creation in 1965. It is organized by the Auto Club Targa Florio. Some of the drivers to have taken part are among the best-known names in rallying, such as
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1224:. The Menin Gate records only soldiers for whom there is no known grave. As graves are identified, the names of those buried in them are removed from the Gate.
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English-speaking soldiers often referred to Ieper/Ypres by the deliberate mispronunciation "Wipers". British soldiers even published a wartime newspaper called
2558:
905:
Of the battles, the largest, best-known, and most costly in human suffering was the Third Battle of Ypres (31 July to 10 November 1917, also known as the
1965:
1049:; the Germans had forbidden the ceremony when they occupied Ypres in 1940; from January 1941 until the liberation, the daily commemoration took place in
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Though Ypres is an historic city, and generates significant income from tourism, it also has a number of industrial areas. The biggest one is along the
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927:. The same style of deliberate mispronunciation was applied to other Flemish place names in the Ypres area for the benefit of British troops, such as
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1267:, were presented to Australia in 1936 by the people of Belgium, as acknowledgement of Australia's sacrifice during the war. They now reside in the
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in 1709 intended to capture Ypres, at the time a major French fortress, but changed his mind owing to the long time and effort it had taken him to
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ordered parts of the walls torn down. This destruction, which was only partly repaired, made it easier for the French to capture the city in the
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1092:. Ypres these days has the title of "city of peace" and maintains a close friendship with another town on which war had a profound impact:
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1989:
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1112:, an international Mayoral organization mobilizing cities and citizens worldwide to abolish and eliminate nuclear weapons by 2020.
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presented the Cross in a special ceremony in the city, and in 1925 it was added to the city's coat of arms, along with the French
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On
September 6, 1944, the 1st Polish Armoured Division liberated the town of Ypres after 4 years of occupation, and the nightly '
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Ypres became a pilgrimage destination for
Britons to imagine and share the sufferings of their men and gain a spiritual benefit.
184:
2013:
1979:
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War graves, both of the Allied side and the Central Powers, cover the landscape around Ypres. The largest number of dead are at
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commemorates those soldiers of the British Commonwealth – with the exception of Newfoundland and New Zealand – who fell in the
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and its immediate surroundings would be used as a memorial, by which time, the Belgians had already begun to rebuild the area.
709:
654:), Ypres played an important role in the history of the textile industry. Textiles from Ypres could be found in the markets of
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1526:, a commander of Flemish mercenaries in England who was reckoned among the more able of the military commanders fighting for
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In the 100th anniversary period more attempts were being made to preserve the First World War heritage in and around Ypres.
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commemorates the British and Commonwealth soldiers who died in the five battles fought for Ypres during First World War.
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to the City of Ypres, one of only two awards of this decoration to a municipality during World War I, the other being to
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1161:, built in 1221, was also completely reconstructed after the war, but now with a higher spire. It houses the tombs of
894:, also called Yperite from the name of this town, was also used for the first time near Ypres, in the autumn of 1917.
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1940:
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2600:– A comprehensive English language guide to Ypres (Ieper); includes history, sightseeing and Belgian beer culture.
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During World War Two, the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) would fight the Germans in a delaying action at the
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Abbott, Peter Edward; Tamplin (1981). British Gallantry Awards (2nd ed.). London, UK: Nimrod Dix and Co.;
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and the French. Major works were completed at the end of the 17th century by the French military engineer
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is most commonly used in English. The municipality comprises the city of Ypres/Ieper and the villages of
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is connected to the industrial area. That office area started as the site of speech recognition company
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It can also be accessed from Brussels, linking to Eurostar, and takes about 75 minutes with two stops.
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The memorial's location is especially poignant, as it lies on the eastward route from the town, which
859:(19 October to 22 November 1914), the Allies captured the town from the Germans. The Germans had used
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1255:" is sounded beneath the gate by the buglers of the Last Post Association in honour of the memory of
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in the first century BC. It is first mentioned by name in 1066 and is probably named after the river
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Excerpt from the chronicle of Ypres, with numerous legends and anecdotes. Written in the 18th century
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instead, hosted daily at Brookwood Military Cemetery in England for the duration of that period.
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1674:(1925–2017), from 1954 to 2015 chief bugler at the Menin Gate for the daily Last Post ceremony.
808:. Ypres was further fortified in the 17th and 18th centuries while under the occupation of the
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and apprehension of disease spreading in his army in the poorly drained land around Ypres (see
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Connelly, "The Ypres League and the Commemoration of the Ypres Salient, 1914–1940", pp. 51–76
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Ypres holds an annual canoe polo tournament in which teams come from all over Europe to play.
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Association for World War Archaeology; information about World War I excavations near Ypres
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The gate is called "Menin Gate" because it is situated on the road to the Flemish city of
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Mark Connelly, "The Ypres League and the Commemoration of the Ypres Salient, 1914–1940",
2163:"Award of Military Cross to City of Ypres, Imperial War Museum Accessed: 8 November 2018"
1275:. In 2017, for the 100th anniversary memorial services of the Third Battle of Ypres, or
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canal, which hosts room for around 120 companies and a wind farm in the north of Ypres.
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from May to August 1383, until French relief forces arrived. After the destruction of
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1096:. Both towns witnessed warfare at its worst: Ypres was one of the first places where
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1876:"Kroniek van Ieper, 180-1695, met talrijke legendarische of anecdotische onderdelen"
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1576:(1754– 1799), Abbess of the Ypres Benedictine convent during the French Revolution.
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Then there are also various other, smaller industrial areas like the area around
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After the war the town was extensively rebuilt using money paid by Germany in
957:) fought at Ypres in the First World War and later visited the town during the
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2470:"Taalkeuze – Choix de langue – Choose your language – Wählen Sie Ihre Sprache"
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1612:(1855–1901) Minister of Industry and Labour, Lawyer, University Professor,
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1440:, one of the biggest European festivals in the hardcore metal subculture.
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Ypres is a small city in the very western part of Belgium, the so-called
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The stone lions bearing the Ypres coat-of-arms, which once flanked the
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844:, was guaranteed by Britain; Germany's invasion of Belgium brought the
793:
747:). In 1713 it was handed over to the Habsburgs, and became part of the
554:, and Zuidschote. Together, they are home to about 34,900 inhabitants.
504:
227:
2868:
2126:"TV review: The Wipers Times, BBC2 – A bit like Blackadder, only true"
1689:
Jo Lernout and Pol Hauspie, founders of the speech technology company
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1077:, dedicated to Ypres's role in the First World War and named for the
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constructed his typical fortifications that can still be seen today.
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17:
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2077:
The Armies of the First French Republic: Volume I The Armée du Nord
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On 9 July 2014, the 101st Tour de France started stage 5 in Ypres.
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1335:. The countryside around Ypres is featured in the famous poem by
949:, one of the actions that allowed the Allied retreat to Dunkirk.
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1504:
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for the first time on 22 April 1915 marked the beginning of the
805:
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2607:
2285:"The Western Front | Kingston upon Hull War Memorial 1914-1918"
1065:
The fountain in the Grote Markt, Ypres, opposite the Cloth Hall
629:
city with a population of 40,000 in 1200 AD, renowned for its
419:
1443:
From 11 - 13 July 2023, a conference for micronations called
1434:
During the last weekend of August each year, Ypres hosts the
2556:
in Oral Histories of the First World War: Veterans 1914–1918
2469:
2452:"Bedrijventerrein langs Ieperleekanaal breidt uit met 9 ha"
1001:
imperial troops were purified by their sacrifice. In 1920,
610:
Ypres is an ancient town, known to have been raided by the
428:
2542:
792:
Epoch was named on the basis of geology in the region by
2189:"Heraldry of the world: Iper. Accessed: 8 November 2018"
389:
2585:
2532:
2387:
1471:, and was named "Flanders Language Valley" (mimicking
886:(light infantry) from French Africa. The gas used was
938:
Ypres was one of the sites that hosted an unofficial
561:, Ypres (or "Wipers" as it was commonly known by the
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425:
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3112:
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2308:. Brookwood Last Post Association. 6 September 2019
1239:on 24 July 1927. It was built and is maintained by
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City and municipality in Flemish Community, Belgium
1129:Cloth Hall and Grote Markt (Great Market) at night
2504:Missing: The Need for Closure after the Great War
2569:Mayors For Peace International Secretariat Ypres
2079:. USA: Pickle Partners Publishing. p. 317.
852:into the German lines on the surrounding hills.
1659:(1907–1990), nun, social worker, co-founder of
1560:(1585–1638), bishop of Ypres and father of the
633:trade with England, which was mentioned in the
1287:"Who will remember, passing through this Gate,
1169:and father of the religious movement known as
2758:
2619:
1447:took place in Ypres with 70 people attending.
942:in 1914 between German and British soldiers.
758:Siege of Ypres in 1794 by General Pichegru, (
712:was elevated to cathedral. On 25 March 1678,
8:
2594:and limited information available in English
1686:(born 1949), emeritus dean Leuven university
1177:, nicknamed "The Lion of Flanders", who was
986:
529:
528:is the official one, the city's French name
1749:(born 1993), professional basketball player
523:
52:
2765:
2751:
2743:
2626:
2612:
2604:
1862:"Bevolking per gemeente op 1 januari 2022"
397:
44:
2271:
2259:
2247:
2235:
1898:
1896:
1722:(born 1959), politician, Belgian minister
1142:that surmounts the hall houses a 49-bell
1104:, while Hiroshima suffered the debut of
3295:Municipalities with language facilities
2328:"Mayors for Peace 2020 Vision Campaign"
1853:
1009:captured the mood of the Ypres League:
383:
361:
349:
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214:
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130:
93:
81:
2548:Pilgrimage to Ypres and Sanctuary Wood
1984:. Fundación El legado andalusì. 2006.
1964:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1957:
1704:(born, 1957), MD and stem cell pioneer
1698:(born 1956), classical baritone singer
1241:The Commonwealth War Graves Commission
828:Ypres's shell-blasted Cloth Hall burns
618:on the banks of which it was founded.
325:131.45 km (50.75 sq mi)
1904:"A History of Ypres (Ieper): Origins"
1146:. The whole complex was designated a
490:
461:
448:
373:
341:
333:
320:
299: • Governing party/ies
297:
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268:
256:
244:
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121:
7:
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2169:from the original on 7 November 2018
1290:The unheroic Dead who fed the guns?"
662:, the Battle at Mons-en-Pévèle, the
913:, and French forces recaptured the
909:), in which the British, Canadian,
704:, Ypres became the seat of the new
2217:(2009) 16#1 pp. 51–76, quote p. 55
2015:Life & Work in Medieval Europe
1333:Tyne Cot Commonwealth war cemetery
1206:Menin Gate Memorial to the Missing
1003:Lieutenant-Colonel Beckles Willson
25:
1653:(1895–1954), university professor
1628:(1881–1959), politician, minister
1618:(1859–1910) engineer, builder of
1599:(1812–1884), politician, minister
642:As the third largest city in the
3341:Vauban fortifications in Belgium
3336:Recipients of the Military Cross
3331:World War I memorials in Belgium
2867:
2706:
2689:
2681:
2664:
2574:Webpage about the fortifications
2306:"Ypres 75th Liberation Ceremony"
2195:from the original on 9 June 2012
2012:Boissonnade (5 September 2013).
1833:
1815:
1793:
1778:
1760:
1680:(1931–2019), molecular biologist
867:on 3 January 1915. Their use of
760:Musée de la Révolution française
412:
220:
166:
143:
136:
108:
98:
83:
3326:Municipalities of West Flanders
1740:(born 1982), lead guitarist of
1222:Messines Ridge British Cemetery
1046:
1007:The Holy Ground of British Arms
840:of Belgium, established by the
720:. It remained French under the
2565:at Library and Archives Canada
2047:"See chapter 5.6.2 (in Dutch)"
1667:John French, 1st Earl of Ypres
1385:Ypres is also the home of the
1357:Saint George's Memorial Church
1352:Saint George's Memorial Church
1227:The memorial, designed by Sir
1045:' ceremony was resumed at the
814:Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban
27:City in West Flanders, Belgium
1:
2707:
2665:
2579:Coat of arms of Ieper (Ypres)
2135:Independent 12 September 2013
1716:(born 1957), fashion designer
1586:from 1871 to 1878 and in 1884
1329:Langemark German war cemetery
733:War of the Spanish Succession
144:
89:Cloth Hall in the Grand Place
2690:
2682:
1829:, Pas-de-Calais (since 1969)
1387:Belgium Ypres Westhoek Rally
692:, led by the English bishop
357:8900, 8902, 8904, 8906, 8908
2590:– Information available in
1710:(born 1957), opera composer
1634:(1803–1881), music theorist
1218:Buttes New British Cemetery
1051:Brookwood Military Cemetery
931:becoming "White Sheet" and
3357:
2554:The Second Battle of Ypres
1734:(born 1975), racing driver
779:War of the First Coalition
660:Battle of the Golden Spurs
29:
3277:
2865:
2639:
2561:30 September 2007 at the
2538:In Flanders Fields Museum
2131:25 September 2015 at the
1728:(born 1959), jazz pianist
1584:Prime Minister of Belgium
1582:(1810–1886), politician,
1463:The office area known as
1311:On Passing the Menin Gate
1075:In Flanders Fields Museum
625:, Ypres was a prosperous
522:. Though the Dutch name
180:
131:
122:
94:
82:
69:
2634:Places adjacent to Ypres
1590:Alphonse Vandenpeereboom
1159:Saint Martin's Cathedral
935:becoming "Plug Street".
565:) was the centre of the
51:
2100:Goode, Dominic (2006).
1528:King Stephen of England
1482:in the south of Ypres.
1269:Australian War Memorial
965:War memory and memorial
907:Battle of Passchendaele
479:
346:270/km (690/sq mi)
2586:Ieper official website
2332:2020visioncampaign.org
1640:(1883–1915), cricketer
1568:Jan Thomas van Ieperen
1554:(1522–1595), architect
1542:Jacob Clemens non Papa
1497:
1374:
1353:
1231:with sculpture by Sir
1201:
1130:
1066:
1016:
987:
902:
873:Second Battle of Ypres
842:First Treaty of London
829:
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458:
53:
3236:Langemark-Poelkapelle
2656:Langemark-Poelkapelle
2543:Last Post Association
2411:Australian Government
2073:Phipps, Ramsay Weston
1691:Lernout & Hauspie
1507:has hourly trains to
1501:Ieper railway station
1495:Ieper railway station
1493:
1469:Lernout & Hauspie
1370:
1351:
1196:
1128:
1064:
1011:
969:On 12 February 1920,
955:Chancellor of Germany
900:
857:First Battle of Ypres
827:
757:
710:Saint Martin's Church
605:
593:
538:, Brielen, Dikkebus,
160:Location of Ypres in
2374:15 June 2011 at the
2238:, pp. 173, 176.
2106:Fortified-places.com
1702:Catherine Verfaillie
983:Field Marshal French
901:Ruins of Ypres, 1919
749:Austrian Netherlands
745:Battle of Malplaquet
343: • Density
200:50.85083°N 2.88500°E
157:Location in Belgium
2508:Pen and Sword Books
2502:(30 October 2019).
1946:on 3 September 2015
1843:, Upper West Region
1789:, Kent (since 1964)
1465:Ieper Business Park
1150:by UNESCO in 1999.
1148:World Heritage Site
947:Ypres-Comines Canal
915:Passchendaele Ridge
798:André Hubert Dumont
775:1794 Siege of Ypres
737:Duke of Marlborough
718:Louis XIV of France
714:Ypres was conquered
196: /
2598:Ypres Travel Guide
2500:van Emden, Richard
2432:on 30 October 2020
2053:. 23 November 1914
1937:isites.harvard.edu
1663:, Papua New Guinea
1657:Simona Noorenbergh
1498:
1375:
1354:
1342:In Flanders Fields
1235:, was unveiled by
1229:Reginald Blomfield
1202:
1131:
1067:
903:
830:
764:
722:Treaty of Nijmegen
698:Ypres was besieged
694:Henry le Despenser
644:County of Flanders
608:
600:
335: • Total
322: • Total
287: • Mayor
30:For the film, see
3303:
3302:
2740:
2739:
2735:
2734:
2426:Kattenstoet Ieper
2388:"CWGC – Homepage"
2086:978-1-908692-24-5
1910:. 10 October 2011
1714:Edouard Vermeulen
1532:19-year civil war
1307:Siegfried Sassoon
1233:William Reid Dick
1183:Count of Flanders
1175:Robert of Bethune
1023:Winston Churchill
865:Battle of Bolimov
771:Emperor Joseph II
716:by the forces of
405:
404:
240:Flemish Community
205:50.85083; 2.88500
125:Location of Ypres
16:(Redirected from
3348:
2871:
2767:
2760:
2753:
2744:
2725:Comines-Warneton
2710:
2709:
2693:
2692:
2685:
2684:
2668:
2667:
2642:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2605:
2589:
2588:
2521:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2466:
2460:
2459:
2448:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2428:. Archived from
2418:
2412:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2384:
2378:
2367:
2361:
2354:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2338:on 18 April 2011
2334:. Archived from
2324:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2281:
2275:
2269:
2263:
2257:
2251:
2245:
2239:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2218:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2185:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2159:
2153:
2142:
2136:
2123:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2009:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1963:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1945:
1939:. Archived from
1934:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1900:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1872:
1866:
1865:
1858:
1838:
1837:
1821:
1819:
1818:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1785:United Kingdom:
1784:
1782:
1781:
1766:
1764:
1763:
1672:Antoon Verschoot
1652:
1611:
1598:
1574:Clementine Lynch
1558:Cornelius Jansen
1544:(c. 1510–1556),
1524:William of Ypres
1181:(1273–1322) and
1110:Mayors for Peace
1098:chemical warfare
1037:Second World War
992:
959:Battle of France
924:The Wipers Times
706:Diocese of Ypres
668:Battle of Cassel
636:Canterbury Tales
567:Battles of Ypres
533:
527:
502:
501:
500:
494:
492:[ˈyːpɐn]
473:
472:
471:
465:
452:
447:
440:
435:
434:
431:
430:
427:
424:
421:
418:
401:
396:
393:
391:
226:
224:
223:
211:
210:
208:
207:
206:
201:
197:
194:
193:
192:
189:
170:
147:
146:
140:
112:
102:
87:
64:
56:
45:
21:
3356:
3355:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3346:
3345:
3306:
3305:
3304:
3299:
3273:
3210:
3168:
3108:
3051:
3039:Oostende/Ostend
2997:
2914:
2872:
2863:
2792:
2771:
2741:
2736:
2694:
2635:
2632:
2584:
2583:
2563:Wayback Machine
2529:
2524:
2518:
2498:
2494:
2489:
2488:
2478:
2476:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2458:. 28 June 2011.
2450:
2449:
2445:
2435:
2433:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2410:
2406:
2396:
2394:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2376:Wayback Machine
2368:
2364:
2355:
2351:
2341:
2339:
2326:
2325:
2321:
2311:
2309:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2270:
2266:
2258:
2254:
2246:
2242:
2234:
2230:
2225:
2221:
2212:
2208:
2198:
2196:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2172:
2170:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2143:
2139:
2133:Wayback Machine
2124:
2120:
2110:
2108:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2087:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2056:
2054:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2011:
2010:
2006:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1956:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1932:
1930:"Archived copy"
1928:
1927:
1923:
1913:
1911:
1902:
1901:
1894:
1884:
1882:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1860:
1859:
1855:
1850:
1832:
1816:
1814:
1794:
1792:
1779:
1777:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1646:
1638:Edward Phillips
1632:Camille Durutte
1605:
1592:
1536:Empress Matilda
1520:
1488:
1454:
1365:
1325:
1191:
1179:Count of Nevers
1167:bishop of Ypres
1123:
1118:
1106:nuclear warfare
1059:
1039:
1021:After the war,
1005:'s guide book,
989:Croix de Guerre
967:
940:Christmas Truce
834:Schlieffen Plan
822:
820:First World War
741:capture Tournai
690:Norwich Crusade
588:
583:
559:First World War
497:
496:
495:
468:
467:
466:
463:[ˈipər]
445:
438:
415:
411:
388:
370:
358:
221:
219:
204:
202:
198:
195:
190:
187:
185:
183:
182:
176:
175:
174:
173:
172:
171:
164:
155:
154:
153:
152:
148:
127:
126:
118:
117:
116:
115:
106:
105:
90:
78:
65:
58:
50:
43:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3354:
3352:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3308:
3307:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3288:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3266:
3259:
3254:
3247:
3238:
3233:
3226:
3220:
3218:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3201:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3178:
3176:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3118:
3116:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3072:
3067:
3061:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3049:
3042:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3018:
3013:
3007:
3005:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2978:
2975:Spiere-Helkijn
2971:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2947:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2924:
2922:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2912:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2882:
2880:
2874:
2873:
2866:
2864:
2862:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2822:
2815:
2808:
2802:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2774:Municipalities
2772:
2770:
2769:
2762:
2755:
2747:
2738:
2737:
2733:
2732:
2722:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2680:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2623:
2616:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2595:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2528:
2527:External links
2525:
2523:
2522:
2516:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2474:Belgianrail.be
2461:
2443:
2413:
2404:
2379:
2362:
2349:
2319:
2297:
2276:
2274:, p. 181.
2272:van Emden 2019
2264:
2262:, p. 180.
2260:van Emden 2019
2252:
2250:, p. 178.
2248:van Emden 2019
2240:
2236:van Emden 2019
2228:
2219:
2215:War in History
2206:
2180:
2154:
2137:
2118:
2092:
2085:
2064:
2038:
2024:
2004:
1990:
1971:
1921:
1908:Greatwar.co.uk
1892:
1867:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1844:
1830:
1812:
1790:
1775:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1750:
1747:Emma Meesseman
1744:
1738:Isaac Delahaye
1735:
1729:
1726:Erik Vermeulen
1723:
1720:Renaat Landuyt
1717:
1711:
1705:
1699:
1693:
1687:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1664:
1654:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1623:
1616:Julien Nyssens
1613:
1603:Albert Nyssens
1600:
1587:
1577:
1571:
1565:
1555:
1549:
1539:
1519:
1518:Notable people
1516:
1487:
1484:
1473:Silicon Valley
1453:
1450:
1449:
1448:
1441:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1415:François Duval
1399:Henri Toivonen
1391:Juha Kankkunen
1383:
1364:
1361:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1291:
1288:
1257:British Empire
1190:
1187:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1058:
1055:
1038:
1035:
981:. In May 1920
975:Military Cross
966:
963:
846:British Empire
821:
818:
685:through town.
664:Peace of Melun
587:
584:
582:
579:
563:British troops
550:, Voormezele,
403:
402:
386:
382:
381:
378:
372:
371:
368:
366:
360:
359:
356:
354:
348:
347:
344:
340:
339:
336:
332:
331:
327:
326:
323:
319:
318:
314:
313:
300:
296:
295:
290:Emmily Talpe (
288:
284:
283:
279:
278:
273:
271:Arrondissement
267:
266:
261:
255:
254:
252:Flemish Region
249:
243:
242:
237:
231:
230:
217:
213:
212:
178:
177:
165:
159:
158:
156:
150:
149:
142:
141:
135:
134:
133:
132:
129:
128:
124:
123:
120:
119:
113:
107:
103:
97:
96:
95:
92:
91:
88:
80:
79:
70:
67:
66:
48:
41:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3353:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3283:
3280:
3279:
3276:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3244:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3231:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3200:
3199:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3175:
3171:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3099:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3077:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3054:
3048:
3047:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3023:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3006:
3004:
3000:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2979:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2921:
2917:
2911:
2910:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2888:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2875:
2870:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2823:
2821:
2820:
2819:Bruges/Brugge
2816:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2782:West Flanders
2779:
2775:
2768:
2763:
2761:
2756:
2754:
2749:
2748:
2745:
2730:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2712:
2705:
2703:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2688:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2673:
2670:
2663:
2661:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2629:
2624:
2622:
2617:
2615:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2599:
2596:
2593:
2587:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2519:
2517:9781526760968
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2475:
2471:
2465:
2462:
2457:
2453:
2447:
2444:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2408:
2405:
2393:
2389:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2359:
2353:
2350:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2323:
2320:
2307:
2301:
2298:
2286:
2280:
2277:
2273:
2268:
2265:
2261:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2244:
2241:
2237:
2232:
2229:
2223:
2220:
2216:
2210:
2207:
2194:
2190:
2184:
2181:
2168:
2164:
2158:
2155:
2151:
2150:9780902633742
2147:
2141:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2127:
2122:
2119:
2107:
2103:
2096:
2093:
2088:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2068:
2065:
2052:
2048:
2042:
2039:
2027:
2025:9781136196416
2021:
2018:. Routledge.
2017:
2016:
2008:
2005:
1993:
1991:9788496556348
1987:
1983:
1982:
1975:
1972:
1967:
1961:
1942:
1938:
1931:
1925:
1922:
1909:
1905:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1881:
1877:
1871:
1868:
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1857:
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1847:
1842:
1836:
1831:
1828:
1824:
1813:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1791:
1788:
1787:Sittingbourne
1776:
1773:
1769:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1732:David Saelens
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1708:Nicholas Lens
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1684:Marc Vervenne
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1642:
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1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1626:Albert Devèze
1624:
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1506:
1502:
1496:
1492:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1459:
1451:
1446:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1425:among others.
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1381:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1350:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1322:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1301:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1297:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1284:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1265:original gate
1261:
1258:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1210:Ypres Salient
1207:
1200:
1195:
1188:
1186:
1185:(1305–1322).
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1136:
1133:The imposing
1127:
1120:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1063:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1008:
1004:
999:
998:Mark Connelly
994:
991:
990:
984:
980:
976:
972:
971:King George V
964:
962:
960:
956:
952:
948:
943:
941:
936:
934:
930:
926:
925:
919:
916:
912:
908:
899:
895:
893:
889:
885:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
853:
851:
850:Ypres Salient
847:
843:
839:
835:
826:
819:
817:
815:
811:
807:
801:
799:
795:
791:
787:
784:In 1850, the
782:
780:
776:
772:
769:
761:
756:
752:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
729:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
708:in 1561, and
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
686:
684:
681:
676:
671:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
640:
638:
637:
632:
628:
624:
619:
617:
613:
604:
598:(around 1775)
597:
594:Ypres on the
592:
585:
580:
578:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
555:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
532:
526:
521:
520:West Flanders
517:
513:
509:
506:
499:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
470:
464:
460:
456:
451:
450:[ipʁ]
443:
442:
433:
409:
400:
395:
387:
379:
377:
367:
365:
355:
353:
345:
337:
324:
312:
308:
304:
301:
293:
289:
277:
274:
272:
265:
264:West Flanders
262:
260:
253:
250:
248:
241:
238:
236:
229:
218:
209:
181:Coordinates:
169:
163:
162:West Flanders
139:
111:
101:
86:
77:
73:
68:
62:
55:
46:
40:
36:
34:
19:
3290:
3281:
3261:
3249:
3241:
3240:
3229:
3228:
3203:
3196:
3151:
3137:Oostrozebeke
3096:
3087:Lichtervelde
3074:
3070:Ingelmunster
3044:
3037:
3020:
2980:
2973:
2966:
2949:
2942:
2907:
2885:
2846:
2837:Knokke-Heist
2824:
2817:
2812:Blankenberge
2810:
2686:
2553:
2503:
2477:. Retrieved
2473:
2464:
2455:
2446:
2434:. Retrieved
2430:the original
2425:
2416:
2407:
2395:. Retrieved
2391:
2382:
2365:
2352:
2342:13 September
2340:. Retrieved
2336:the original
2331:
2322:
2310:. Retrieved
2300:
2288:. Retrieved
2279:
2267:
2255:
2243:
2231:
2222:
2214:
2209:
2197:. Retrieved
2183:
2171:. Retrieved
2157:
2140:
2121:
2109:. Retrieved
2105:
2095:
2076:
2067:
2057:13 September
2055:. Retrieved
2050:
2041:
2029:. Retrieved
2014:
2007:
1995:. Retrieved
1980:
1974:
1948:. Retrieved
1941:the original
1936:
1924:
1914:13 September
1912:. Retrieved
1907:
1883:. Retrieved
1880:lib.ugent.be
1879:
1870:
1856:
1811:(since 1967)
1774:(since 2012)
1696:Henk Lauwers
1678:Walter Fiers
1513:
1499:
1477:
1462:
1455:
1435:
1355:
1340:
1326:
1310:
1262:
1245:
1226:
1203:
1152:
1132:
1089:
1087:
1068:
1040:
1032:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1006:
995:
973:awarded the
968:
951:Adolf Hitler
944:
937:
922:
920:
904:
854:
831:
802:
783:
766:In 1782 the
765:
730:
687:
672:
641:
634:
620:
609:
596:Ferraris map
556:
546:, Sint-Jan,
512:municipality
476:West Flemish
407:
406:
352:Postal codes
114:Coat of arms
76:municipality
39:
32:
3230:Ieper/Ypres
3033:Middelkerke
2456:Kw.knack.be
2051:Ethesis.net
1754:Twin cities
1647: [
1606: [
1593: [
1580:Jules Malou
1552:Georg Robin
1546:Renaissance
1423:Freddy Loix
1419:Craig Breen
1407:Jimmy McRae
1403:Colin McRae
1395:Bruno Thiry
1337:John McCrae
1237:Lord Plumer
1121:Town centre
1083:John McCrae
1071:reparations
1057:Ypres today
933:Ploegsteert
892:Mustard gas
884:tirailleurs
788:Age of the
777:during the
731:During the
688:During the
673:The famous
623:Middle Ages
621:During the
557:During the
548:Vlamertinge
203: /
3310:Categories
3293:indicates
3284:indicates
3224:Heuvelland
3198:Nieuwpoort
3182:Alveringem
2909:Lo-Reninge
2859:Zuienkerke
2720:Heuvelland
2651:Lo-Reninge
2492:References
2422:"Welcome!"
2173:7 November
1981:IBN JALDUN
1950:17 January
1864:. Statbel.
1827:Saint-Omer
1809:Westphalia
1768:Kazakhstan
1644:Paul Sobry
1380:Cat Parade
1372:Cat Parade
1323:War graves
1277:Passendale
1199:Menin Gate
1189:Menin Gate
1135:Cloth Hall
1047:Menin Gate
1028:Menin Gate
996:Historian
929:Wytschaete
877:Senegalese
869:poison gas
838:neutrality
796:geologist
702:Thérouanne
683:Cat Parade
675:Cloth Hall
666:, and the
540:Elverdinge
376:Area codes
330:Population
303:Open Ieper
292:Open Ieper
282:Government
191:02°53′06″E
188:50°51′03″N
3269:Zonnebeke
3251:Poperinge
3159:Wielsbeke
3147:Ruiselede
3132:Meulebeke
3127:Dentergem
3098:Roeselare
3092:Moorslede
3057:Roeselare
3046:Oudenburg
2962:Lendelede
2944:Harelbeke
2903:Kortemark
2898:Koekelare
2893:Houthulst
2887:Diksmuide
2878:Diksmuide
2698:Zonnebeke
2676:Poperinge
2479:5 October
2397:5 October
2290:21 August
2031:5 October
1997:5 October
1885:27 August
1620:Zeebrugge
1562:Jansenism
1534:with the
1486:Transport
1437:Ieperfest
1411:Marc Duez
1253:Last Post
1173:, and of
1171:Jansenism
1163:Jansenius
1094:Hiroshima
1043:Last Post
810:Habsburgs
680:triennial
552:Zillebeke
544:Hollebeke
235:Community
3321:Ypresian
3257:Vleteren
3192:Koksijde
3187:De Panne
3065:Hooglede
3028:Ichtegem
2993:Zwevegem
2988:Wevelgem
2951:Kortrijk
2938:Deerlijk
2920:Kortrijk
2854:Zedelgem
2842:Oostkamp
2786:Flanders
2778:Province
2646:Vleteren
2559:Archived
2392:Cwgc.org
2372:Archived
2193:Archived
2167:Archived
2152:, p. 221
2129:Archived
2111:12 April
2075:(2011).
1960:cite web
1622:harbour.
1564:movement
1548:composer
1509:Kortrijk
1458:Ieperlee
1445:MicroCon
1273:Canberra
1214:Tyne Cot
1144:carillon
1102:employed
1090:Westhoek
888:chlorine
881:Algerian
861:tear gas
786:Ypresian
768:Habsburg
656:Novgorod
616:Ieperlee
577:forces.
569:between
536:Boezinge
516:province
364:NIS code
259:Province
3164:Wingene
3122:Ardooie
3082:Ledegem
3016:De Haan
3011:Bredene
2982:Waregem
2933:Avelgem
2928:Anzegem
2848:Torhout
2832:Jabbeke
2806:Beernem
2790:Belgium
2776:in the
2436:18 July
2102:"Ypres"
1839:Ghana:
1801:Germany
1530:in his
1503:run by
1480:Picanol
1452:Economy
1248:Entente
1157:-style
953:(later
863:at the
855:In the
836:). The
794:Belgian
646:(after
627:Flemish
586:Origins
581:History
514:in the
505:Belgian
503:) is a
446:French:
385:Website
311:Vooruit
228:Belgium
216:Country
3291:Italic
3286:cities
3263:Wervik
3205:Veurne
3174:Veurne
3142:Pittem
3104:Staden
3076:Izegem
3022:Gistel
3003:Ostend
2957:Kuurne
2798:Bruges
2514:
2312:24 May
2199:30 May
2148:
2083:
2022:
1988:
1823:France
1820:
1805:Siegen
1798:
1783:
1765:
1363:Events
1155:Gothic
1140:belfry
1116:Sights
979:Verdun
790:Eocene
735:, the
726:Vauban
724:, and
652:Bruges
612:Romans
575:Allied
571:German
484:German
392:.ieper
338:35,039
247:Region
225:
57:
35:(film)
3316:Ypres
3243:Mesen
3216:Ypres
3153:Tielt
3114:Tielt
2968:Menen
2826:Damme
2687:Ypres
2592:Dutch
2358:Menen
1944:(PDF)
1933:(PDF)
1848:Notes
1772:Semey
1742:Epica
1651:]
1610:]
1597:]
911:ANZAC
648:Ghent
631:linen
531:Ypres
525:Ieper
488:Ypern
459:Ieper
455:Dutch
408:Ypres
369:33011
276:Ypres
151:Ypres
61:Dutch
54:Ieper
49:Ypres
33:Ypres
18:Ieper
3282:Bold
2512:ISBN
2481:2014
2438:2016
2399:2014
2344:2013
2314:2022
2292:2022
2201:2012
2175:2018
2146:ISBN
2113:2014
2081:ISBN
2059:2013
2033:2014
2020:ISBN
1999:2014
1986:ISBN
1966:link
1952:2022
1916:2013
1887:2020
1661:Fane
1505:NMBS
1421:and
1378:The
1331:and
1220:and
1204:The
1197:The
1153:The
1100:was
1079:poem
879:and
806:moat
650:and
573:and
510:and
508:city
480:Yper
441:-prə
317:Area
307:N-VA
104:Flag
74:and
72:City
2780:of
2729:WHT
1305:--
1271:in
1081:by
518:of
394:.be
390:www
380:057
3312::
2788:,
2784:,
2510:.
2506:.
2472:.
2454:.
2424:.
2390:.
2330:.
2191:.
2165:.
2104:.
2049:.
1962:}}
1958:{{
1935:.
1906:.
1895:^
1878:.
1841:Wa
1825::
1807:,
1803::
1770::
1649:nl
1608:nl
1595:nl
1511:.
1417:,
1413:,
1409:,
1405:,
1401:,
1397:,
1393:,
1345:.
1339:,
1309:,
1243:.
1165:,
1085:.
1053:.
993:.
961:.
890:.
816:.
800:.
781:.
751:.
696:,
670:.
639:.
542:,
486::
482:;
478::
474:;
457::
453:;
444:,
439:EE
420:iː
309:,
305:,
2766:e
2759:t
2752:v
2731:)
2727:(
2627:e
2620:t
2613:v
2520:.
2483:.
2440:.
2401:.
2360:.
2346:.
2316:.
2294:.
2203:.
2177:.
2115:.
2089:.
2061:.
2035:.
2001:.
1968:)
1954:.
1918:.
1889:.
1538:.
1251:"
762:)
432:/
429:ə
426:r
423:p
417:ˈ
414:/
410:(
294:)
63:)
59:(
37:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
