Knowledge (XXG)

Ieremia Tabai

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757:. After consulting with the government People's Lawyer and confirming that a license was not necessary, they aired a test broadcast with music. The government ordered that it cease operations shortly after, and the police opened an investigation for broadcasting without a license and for constructing a radio antennae without authorisation. The government refused them when they requested a license, and they received fines of $ A35 each on 8 December 1999 after pleading guilty to importing and operating radio equipment without authorisation. While he was working on creating a radio station, Tabai founded a newspaper, the 718:. He was frustrated by what he felt was neglect from the larger nations, who he felt regarded the Pacific as "nothing but a vast empty space" that obstructed their interactions with one another. Tabai travelled across the Pacific island nations as Secretary-General, operating under the philosophy that the Secretariat needed to hear the concerns of member nations, and he travelled to other parts of the world to stay attuned to global politics. He was in favour of expanding foreign trade during his tenure, particularly with Asian nations. 666:, Tabai was re-elected in the first round of voting. Tong filed a new injunction after they were both nominated on the presidential ballot, but he dropped out before the ruling, so the court found that he again lacked standing against Tabai. Tabai was re-elected as president with 50.1% of the vote, but the opposition gained a larger share than in previous elections, in part because of lingering resentment among voters over the Soviet fishing agreement. 460:
Protestant in a religiously divided country. He also received the largest share of the union vote. The youngest candidate of the election, Tabai was only 27 years old when he took the office; although elder status was a significant qualifier in Kiribati, voters prioritised his understanding of government. Tabai later said that his university education, a rarity among the Gilbertese people at the time, gave him an electoral advantage.
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no confidence, but it failed with 15 supporting and 19 opposing. Tabai signed the agreement in October 1985. Once it was in place, Australia, New Zealand, and the United States began pouring money into the region through financial support and rival fishing rights agreements. The Soviet agreement was not renewed, as Kiribati and the Soviet Union were unable to agree on terms.
761:, with his brother and Siau Smith. This was the first independently owned media outlet in Kiribati. He believed that independent media was important, arguing that government-controlled media would never be critical of the government. As of 2001, it cost 60 cents and had a circulation of 1,700. Tabai received a radio license in 2002 after he took the government to court. 694:. Teannaki was put on the ballot as the National Progressive Party's preferred candidate, and he campaigned on a continuation of Tabai's policies. Teannaki succeeded Tabai after winning 46.3% of the vote, demonstrating continued support for Tabai's government. In a 2004 interview, Tabai admitted that he was relieved when his time as president ended. 440:
the outer islands and their people. Through his campaigning, he created the impression that Ratieta was ignoring the nation's self-governance and represented a continuation of colonial leadership. After the election, Tabai felt that local issues determined elections more than the national issues that he considered only relevant to
733:, "for service to Australian-Pacific Islands countries relations, particularly as Secretary-General to the South Pacific Forum". Tabai's tenure as Secretary-General of the Pacific Islands Forum ended in 1998. Given the difficulty of getting a job in Kiribati, he decided to return to politics as a member of the House of Assembly. 601:
government and putting it to a new vote. Tabai's slim majority failed him, and the bill was defeated with 15 voting in support and 20 voting in opposition, meaning that new elections were triggered. While his government was dissolved, Tabai's role as head of government was taken over by the Council of State, which included the
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decision as a means for Kiribati to be self-sufficient and forgo British financial support, saying that fish were the only major resource the nation had. He rebutted fears that this was the first step in building a Soviet land base in Kiribati. The domestic political dispute fell along religious lines, as the
629:. Tabai disliked the political conflict surrounding him, and it is rumoured that he considered not running until he was talked into seeking re-election. He won re-election with 49.6% of the vote. Teiwaki criticised Tabai for only appointing allies to his new cabinet instead of working with the opposition. 600:
Tabai went into his next term without a majority in the House of Assembly. His government introduced a bill in December to correct a salary discrepancy for six statutory officers, but the opposition challenged it as a means to attack Tabai politically. Tabai responded by tying it to confidence in his
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With an independent nation, Tabai considered it essential that his government could inform the people how the government worked and to get them accustomed to democracy. He was faced with the prospect of managing an incredibly poor economy between several distant islands, dependent on a foreign nation
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Part of Tabai's image was based on his rejection of elitism and protocol; the meetings he held on the outer islands were informal, he often rode the bus, and he was known to ride his bicycle to the shops without a shirt or shoes. Tabai was one of several Pacific leaders of his generation to be shaped
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when was 11 years old, and he was chosen for a scholarship sponsored by the government of New Zealand to continue his schooling in the country. The change was difficult for him, where he was separated from his family and poorer than the other students, but he credited the experience with teaching him
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at the expense of the outer islands and its decision to create a defence force. He attracted support by using broadcastings of parliamentary debates and by visiting many of the outer islands. The primary theme of Tabai's campaign was that the Ratieta administration was out of touch with the needs of
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Without a majority in the House of Assembly, Tabai depended on a coalition with the independent assemblymen. Finding that he did not have enough support to effectively control parliament, he removed three of his ministers in July 1987 and replaced them with former supporters who had defected to the
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condemned the agreement and rallied Catholics against it as a deal with a godless nation, while Protestants generally supported it. By August, the fishing agreement was signed and the domestic backlash intensified. After Tabai rejected proposals of a referendum, the opposition presented a motion of
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and Jill Cottrell described Tabai's presidency as "quieter" than the Pacific leaders who dominated their nations' politics. While president, Tabai continued a practice of climbing a 10-metre-tall coconut tree twice each day to fetch coconut milk, which he said was more economical than buying soft
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party. Tabai has spoken in favour of including women in politics. He took a stance against overpopulation in 2014, saying that the nation should encourage smaller families to address unemployment and health. He later said that it would help the islands manage challenges to liveability caused by
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Tabai incited condemnation from Western nations and neighbouring island nations in March 1985, when he began negotiations with the Soviet Union over fishing rights. In exchange for US$ 1.5 million, he gave Soviet trawlers access to Kiribati's fishing zones for one year. Tabai justified the
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Tabai carefully balanced his ministry picks when organising his government, ensuring that there was representation for the north, central, and south regions, for both Catholics and Protestants, and for unions. He chose Teiwaki as his Vice-President. As chief minister, Tabai was responsible for
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was held on 17 March 1978, and Tabai won with 55.6% of the vote. Like all of the candidates, he received strong support from the district he represented. The more central location of his district mitigated North–South polarisation, and he received one third of the Catholic vote despite being a
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When the House of Assembly approved a constitutional amendment to establish a popularly elected chief minister, Tabai and three of his allies all ran against Ratieta, preventing Ratieta from qualifying for the four-candidate ballot. Accepting that any of them could be chief minister, Tabai and
420:'s government and Ratieta's proposal to create a defence force. The voters saw Ratieta as biased toward northern, Catholic, anti-union demographics, so Tabai's southern, Protestant heritage contrasted him with Ratieta. He presented himself as a common man and an advocate for the outer islands. 773:
only made the decision to help his government win in the next election. Tabai opposed the country's withdrawal from the Pacific Islands Forum in 2022, criticising the government for making the decision without consulting members of parliament or the public. He protested the deportation of the
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As negotiations dragged into October and November, Tabai declared that he would not waver in his opposition to an autonomous Banaba, saying that the Gilbert Islands had the "absolute right to proceed to independence with its territorial integrity intact". He argued this point during the
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filed a legal challenge, saying that Tabai's elections in 1978, 1982, and 1983 meant that Tabai was term-limited. It was determined that the 1978 election was for a colonial position and it did not count against his term limit. Tabai then won re-election. He was term-limited
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Tabai returned home to the Gilbert Islands in 1973. He was one of the only people in the country to have a degree in Tarawa, allowing him to get a job at the Ministry of Finance. He worked there for one year before switching to politics. He married a woman from the
481:, and American claims in the region. Tabai was critical of Australia and New Zealand for giving disproportionate aid to the Pacific nations that they had previously held as territories, as opposed to other nations in the region like Kiribati. 44: 3079: 616:
was held on 12 and 19 January 1983. and it brought Tabai a net increase of two supporters in the House of Assembly, bringing him a majority with 19 of 32 assemblymen. Tabai and Teannaki were again nominated for the ballot in the
592:. Taibai's broad popularity among voters made him a clear favourite to win, and he was re-elected with 48.7% of the vote. His ally Teannaki received 28.5%, further indicating popular support for Tabai's government. 657:
approached, arguing that Tabai's tenure as chief minister counted as a presidential term, which would mean he had reached his three-term limit and would be ineligible to run again. The court ruled that Tong had no
711:. He received the position, becoming Secretary-General on 31 January 1992. Going into the new role, he supported consolidation for the Pacific Islands Forum in contrast to the expansion of the previous decade. 469:
negotiating the independence of Kiribati. He travelled to London and Washington D.C. in June 1978, leading a delegation that included two ministers, two expatriate civil servants, and two advisers from the
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industry, fearing that the small island nation could be overwhelmed by a surge of wealthy tourists. He instead proposed that they "wait until the next 50 or 100 years before talking about such a subject".
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Tabai's efforts to promote development and quality of life in the outer islands through the construction of schools and government administration proved unsuccessful. Constitutional law professors
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had been sidelined. It alleged that Tabai failed to apply for reappointment giving Fiji a false impression that it could submit a candidate. Tabai received the highest honour of Kiribati, the
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of the United Kingdom, it brought changes to the system that Tabai credited with maintaining the country's stability over the following years, such as an executive president with term limits.
241: 29: 3074: 504:. The large independence celebration was Tabai's first test as the new president, managing the many influential figures who visited over the next two days. As of 1979, he had two children. 3069: 500:
to address the new constitution and the Banaba issue, further delaying independence. Kiribati achieved independence on 12 July 1979, and Tabai's position of chief minister was renamed
416:, and he became the leader of the opposition the following year. For this election, Tabai and his allies called themselves the Democratic Labour Party. He rose as a strong critic of 2669: 3084: 3064: 2210: 3094: 554:
shortly after becoming president, where he was the youngest world leader to ever attend a Commonwealth meeting. As president, the United Kingdom granted him an honorary
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in March and April became a competition between Tabai's government and the unionists. Of Tabai's nineteen allies in parliament, seven lost their re-election campaigns.
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to request an injunction against Tabai, as candidates had not yet been nominated for the ballot and Tong was therefore not an electoral opponent of Tabai. In the
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Tabai was selected as chancellor of the University of the South Pacific in 1991, and rumours spread that he was seeking the position of Secretary-General of the
547: 384:, where he had to work through his stutter to give a speech in an oratory club. Tabai watched the politicians of New Zealand while he was in the country, with 473:. Here he negotiated arrangements for financial support from the United Kingdom to support the country as the resource making up the majority of its economy, 602: 280:
After attending university in New Zealand, Tabai took a job in the Ministry of Finance for a year before deciding to enter politics. He was elected to the
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climate change. Along with the rest of the opposition, Tabai opposed the shift of Kiribati's foreign policy to favour of China in 2019, arguing that
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took place on 4 May. Tabai's allies in the House of Assembly gained enough support from independent members to put Tabai and former Vice-President
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in 1992, holding the office until 1998. He then returned to parliamentary politics. Tabai founded two media outlets over the next few years: the
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Tabai's selection for reappointment as Secretary-General in 1994 drew backlash from the Fijian government, which felt that its own candidate
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for its funding. Financial independence became a core ideal motivating the policies of Tabai's government. He enacted a loose policy of
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Tabai planned to start a radio station so that the government would not have a monopoly on news, hoping to have it running before the
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In his first year as Secretary-General, Tabai became the first representative of the Pacific Islands Forum to be invited to the
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in particular having a strong influence on him. He graduated in 1972 with a bachelor's degree in commerce and administration.
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newspaper, which was the country's first independently-owned outlet, and a radio station. As an assemblyman, he has opposed
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Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook: Volume II: South East Asia, East Asia, and the South Pacific
2856: 2829: 470: 679:. Tabai received an honorary doctorate of law from his alma mater Victoria University while visiting in 1990. 676: 2504:"When the 'Tuna Wars' Went Hot: Kiribati, the Soviet Union, and the Fishing Pact that Provoked a Superpower" 2440: 2389: 1973: 1872: 1851: 1830: 1797: 1776: 1708: 1493: 1028: 932: 896: 873: 570: 301: 1887: 800: 566: 522:
with limited spending and moderate privatisation, though he did not enact any spending cuts or tax reform.
477:, was depleted. Also discussed were access to the colonial government's reserve funds, the legal status of 3049: 2851: 569:, passed a motion condemning how Tabai's government handled the strike. This motion was interpreted as a 2678: 2637: 2557: 779: 708: 573:
in Tabai's government, but it failed with 11 votes in favour of the motion and 22 votes against it. The
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on the ballot, while the unionists aligned with Ratieta's allies to nominate him along with unionist
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agreed not to campaign around the nation as they were already well-known relative to the other two.
308:. In the early years of his presidency, Tabai made national self-sufficiency central to his agenda. 754: 530: 526: 2324: 750: 2460: 730: 546:
drinks. He considered this a possible career should he fail to be re-elected. Tabai attended the
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Tabai led an active campaign against the Ratieta administration, critical of the its focus on
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led a strike. It turned violent, and hundreds of workers lost their jobs. One assemblyman,
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from 1979 to 1991. He previously served in the equivalent role, chief minister, under the
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movement. His habit of taking his son fishing and his willingness to harvest his own
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in 2024, alleging that it was a means to punish Lambourne's wife, opposition leader
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One of the key conflicts of Tabai's presidency began in 1980 when the workers union
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in 1985, triggering both domestic and international protest. He ran for re-election
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Tabai successfully ran for re-election to his seat in the House of Assembly in the
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Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
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in November and December. Although the constitution was based on the
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and spoken in favour of smaller family sizes to limit the effects of
2184:"Kiribati exit from Pacific forum 'out of order' - former president" 729:, in 1992. In May 1996 he was appointed an Honorary Officer of the 2972: 2942: 2937: 2927: 2902: 2897: 2767: 2757: 2742: 2727: 2299:
Heads of State in the Pacific: A Legal and Constitutional Analysis
300:. His term ended abruptly after he tied an unsuccessful bill to a 288:
and became leader of the opposition. Tabai defeated the incumbent
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Being Political: Leadership and Democracy in the Pacific Islands
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Beginning his political career, Tabai adopted the politics of
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Tabai agreed to an international commission in May 1979 in
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As a member of the opposition, Tabai was aligned with the
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As the president of Kiribati, Tabai was chancellor of the
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Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC)
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President of Kiribati from 1979 to 1982 and 1983 to 1991
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Pacific Dynamics: Journal of Interdisciplinary Research
2468:. Institute of Pacific Studies and Extension Services, 1992:"Kiribati private radio could be on the air in 20 days" 328:, so he successfully campaigned for his vice-president 2128:"Not time to leave Kiribati yet says former president" 1352:. Vol. 51, no. 8. 1 August 1980. p. 47. 1262:. Vol. 50, no. 7. 31 July 1979. p. 391. 3090:
People educated at St Andrew's College, Christchurch
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Winding up the British Empire in the Pacific Islands
1977:. Vol. 69, no. 7. 1 July 1999. p. 11. 1780:. Vol. 61, no. 5. 1 June 1991. p. 17. 837:"Sir Ieremia Tabai - Berititente from 11 - Kiribati" 3001: 2885: 2838: 2817: 2786: 2685: 1949:. Pacific Islands News Association. 9 December 1999 219: 211: 203: 195: 174: 155: 150: 136: 124: 108: 98: 88: 76: 57: 23: 2459: 2430: 2381: 2323: 2296: 2269: 2242: 653:Tong filed a legal challenge against Tabai as the 3075:National Progressive Party (Kiribati) politicians 1897:. Queensland University of Technology. p. 13 3070:Secretaries general of the Pacific Islands Forum 408:. Tabai was elected to represent Nonouti in the 2030: 2018: 1926: 830: 828: 826: 824: 822: 1847:"Trade and economy to take priority in Majuro" 703:Secretary-General of the Pacific Islands Forum 2663: 2542: 548:1979 Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting 8: 2362:Governance and Political Process in Kiribati 1539: 1404: 1374: 886: 884: 3085:Honorary officers of the Order of Australia 3065:Members of the House of Assembly (Kiribati) 1855:. Vol. 66, no. 9. pp. 15–16. 965: 805:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 299. 533:system. Tabai opposed the development of a 2670: 2656: 2648: 2549: 2535: 2527: 2485:Macmillan Brown Centre for Pacific Studies 1746: 1734: 1722: 1689: 1677: 1665: 1653: 1638: 1614: 1599: 1563: 1551: 1527: 1512: 1474: 1445: 1433: 1416: 1362: 1332: 1320: 1296: 1284: 1272: 1173: 1122: 1093: 1069: 1054: 311:Tabai signed a fishing agreement with the 42: 20: 2245:The Pacific Islands: Paths to the Present 1969:"Second radio station on Kiribati closed" 1308: 1146: 1110: 1081: 1042: 953: 863: 861: 859: 261:from 1978 to 1979. Tabai returned to the 3095:Victoria University of Wellington alumni 2862:International Organization for Migration 2480:Atoll Politics: The Republic of Kiribati 1986: 1984: 1845:Hussein, Bernadette (1 September 1996). 1834:. Vol. 62, no. 12. p. 29. 1230: 1218: 1206: 1161: 1032:. Vol. 60, no. 12. p. 15. 1009: 913: 563:Botaki ni Karikirakean Aroia Taan Makuri 367:on 16 December 1949. He began attending 2458:Timiti, Uriam; Tewei, Tebouaki (1979). 1937: 1935: 1876:. Vol. 64, no. 9. p. 11. 1811: 1801:. Vol. 62, no. 6. p. 32. 1758: 1712:. Vol. 58, no. 9. p. 28. 1497:. Vol. 54, no. 2. p. 13. 1134: 992: 936:. Vol. 58, no. 8. p. 40. 791: 745:. With the former programme manager of 2303:. Institute of Pacific Studies of the 2295:Ghai, Yash P.; Cottrell, Jill (1990). 1895:Pacific Island History Poster Profiles 1866:Motufaga, Akanisi (1 September 1994). 1702:Bataua, Batiri T. (1 September 1987). 1626: 1587: 1575: 1462: 1242: 977: 335:Tabai became secretary general of the 376:frugality. Tabai attended college at 109:Chief Minister of the Gilbert Islands 7: 2100:"Kiribati push for smaller families" 928:"Nippon Causeway Worth the Millions" 802:The Pacific Islands: An Encyclopedia 799:Lal, Brij V.; Fortune, Kate (2000). 426:Nuclear Free and Independent Pacific 380:from 1967 to 1968. He then attended 304:, but he retained his presidency in 1188:"Alarm spreads over the aid to PNG" 926:Bataua, Batiri T. (1 August 1987). 253:politician who served as the first 72:12 July 1979 – 4 July 1991 1824:Sasako, Alfred (1 December 1992). 1186:Ashton, Chris (21 November 1978). 363:Ieremia Tienang Tabai was born in 14: 2407:O'Callaghan, Mary-Louise (2001). 1487:Schutz, Billy (1 February 1983). 1260:Australian Foreign Affairs Record 716:Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 556:Order of St Michael and St George 382:Victoria University of Wellington 378:St Andrew's College, Christchurch 226:Victoria University of Wellington 2636: 2477:Van Trease, Howard, ed. (1993). 2461:"Gestation, Toward Independence" 1022:Robie, David (1 December 1990). 835:Johnstone, Ian (5 August 2011). 619:subsequent presidential election 292:to become chief minister in the 2470:University of the South Pacific 2305:University of the South Pacific 737:Return to the House of Assembly 639:University of the South Pacific 345:Kiribati's relations with China 1791:Sasako, Alfred (1 June 1992). 1772:"Tabai Top of the Polls Again" 869:"Tabai Top of the Polls Again" 249:(born 16 December 1949) is an 1: 1704:"Tarawa's Tabai Strikes Back" 485:constitutional convention at 2466:Kiribati: Aspects of History 2409:"Champion of the free press" 1826:"Focusing on the Year Ahead" 120:1978 – 12 July 1979 2679:Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) 2380:McIntyre, W. David (2014). 2278:University of Hawaiʻi Press 2241:Colbert, Evelyn S. (1997). 2209:Wiseman, Don (2 May 2024). 1256:"Independence for Kiribati" 684:1991 parliamentary election 664:1987 parliamentary election 614:1983 parliamentary election 575:1982 parliamentary election 457:election for chief minister 306:the resulting 1983 election 159:1950 (age 73–74) 94:Himself (as chief minister) 3111: 2867:United Nations Secretariat 2429:Somoza, Alexander (2001). 2359:Macdonald, Barrie (1996). 2344:10.1177/003231878303500104 2322:Macdonald, Barrie (1983). 692:National Progressive Party 688:1991 presidential election 655:1987 presidential election 582:1982 presidential election 332:to be the next president. 182:National Progressive Party 167:Gilbert and Ellice Islands 3022: 2634: 2564: 2417:Pacific Journalism Review 892:"Victorians Honour Tabai" 609:, and the Chief Justice. 607:Public Service Commission 369:King George V High School 231: 146: 113: 65: 53: 41: 2857:Commonwealth Secretariat 2830:Northern Mariana Islands 1905:– via QUT ePrints. 1540:Ghai & Cottrell 1990 1405:Ghai & Cottrell 1990 1375:Ghai & Cottrell 1990 471:Commonwealth Secretariat 432:endeared him to voters. 319:, but opposition member 2441:Oxford University Press 2390:Oxford University Press 2325:"Elections in Kiribati" 1974:Pacific Islands Monthly 1873:Pacific Islands Monthly 1852:Pacific Islands Monthly 1831:Pacific Islands Monthly 1798:Pacific Islands Monthly 1777:Pacific Islands Monthly 1709:Pacific Islands Monthly 1494:Pacific Islands Monthly 1392:Pacific Islands Monthly 1350:Pacific Islands Monthly 1029:Pacific Islands Monthly 966:Timiti & Tewei 1979 933:Pacific Islands Monthly 897:Pacific Islands Monthly 874:Pacific Islands Monthly 571:motion of no confidence 302:motion of no confidence 3060:Presidents of Kiribati 2852:Asian Development Bank 2839:Observer Organisations 2558:Presidents of Kiribati 2268:Corbett, Jack (2015). 774:Australian-born judge 605:, the chairman of the 400:Early political career 215:Tarawa Palace Razidans 142:Himself (as president) 2502:Willis, Jeff (2017). 780:Tessie Eria Lambourne 709:Pacific Islands Forum 567:Bwebwentaratai Benson 502:president of Kiribati 414:1974 general election 337:Pacific Islands Forum 255:president of Kiribati 238:Ieremia Tienang Tabai 60:President of Kiribati 2443:. pp. 673–686. 1868:"Fiji vs. The Forum" 1793:"What is the Forum?" 1346:"Pacific Priorities" 1024:"Watchman condemned" 727:Kiribati Grand Order 603:Speaker of the House 3055:People from Nonouti 2164:. 27 September 2019 2136:. 24 September 2015 1209:, pp. 230–231. 980:, pp. 673–674. 753:, Tabai co-founded 641:from 1983 to 1986. 531:primary health care 527:subsistence economy 259:colonial government 2108:. 5 September 2014 2000:. 11 December 2002 1737:, pp. 81, 83. 766:Boutokaan te Koaua 731:Order of Australia 525:It moved toward a 491:Westminster system 396:, Meleangi Tabai. 187:Boutokaan te Koaua 3032: 3031: 2886:Dialogue partners 2809:Wallis and Futuna 2787:Associate members 2645: 2644: 2629: 2494:978-0-9583300-0-8 2399:978-0-19-177214-6 2331:Political Science 2314:978-982-02-0017-3 2287:978-0-8248-4102-7 2260:978-0-8133-3286-4 2216:Radio New Zealand 2161:Radio New Zealand 2133:Radio New Zealand 2105:Radio New Zealand 2077:Radio New Zealand 2052:. 5 November 2019 2049:Radio New Zealand 2021:, pp. 15–16. 1997:Radio New Zealand 1692:, pp. 70–71. 1641:, pp. 64–65. 1419:, pp. 52–54. 1323:, pp. 51–52. 1287:, pp. 49–50. 1275:, pp. 48–49. 1125:, pp. 19–20. 1057:, pp. 16–17. 842:Radio New Zealand 812:978-0-8248-2265-1 621:, this time with 487:Marlborough House 410:House of Assembly 282:House of Assembly 263:House of Assembly 235: 234: 3102: 2748:Papua New Guinea 2718:Marshall Islands 2708:French Polynesia 2672: 2665: 2658: 2649: 2640: 2627: 2551: 2544: 2537: 2528: 2523: 2498: 2473: 2463: 2454: 2434: 2425: 2413: 2403: 2387: 2376: 2355: 2327: 2318: 2302: 2291: 2275: 2264: 2248: 2228: 2227: 2225: 2223: 2206: 2200: 2199: 2197: 2195: 2180: 2174: 2173: 2171: 2169: 2152: 2146: 2145: 2143: 2141: 2124: 2118: 2117: 2115: 2113: 2096: 2090: 2089: 2087: 2085: 2080:. 11 August 2011 2068: 2062: 2061: 2059: 2057: 2040: 2034: 2031:O'Callaghan 2001 2028: 2022: 2019:O'Callaghan 2001 2016: 2010: 2009: 2007: 2005: 1988: 1979: 1978: 1965: 1959: 1958: 1956: 1954: 1939: 1930: 1927:O'Callaghan 2001 1924: 1918: 1913: 1907: 1906: 1904: 1902: 1892: 1884: 1878: 1877: 1863: 1857: 1856: 1842: 1836: 1835: 1821: 1815: 1809: 1803: 1802: 1788: 1782: 1781: 1768: 1762: 1756: 1750: 1744: 1738: 1732: 1726: 1720: 1714: 1713: 1699: 1693: 1687: 1681: 1675: 1669: 1663: 1657: 1651: 1642: 1636: 1630: 1624: 1618: 1612: 1603: 1597: 1591: 1585: 1579: 1573: 1567: 1561: 1555: 1549: 1543: 1537: 1531: 1525: 1516: 1510: 1499: 1498: 1484: 1478: 1472: 1466: 1460: 1449: 1443: 1437: 1431: 1420: 1414: 1408: 1402: 1396: 1395: 1384: 1378: 1372: 1366: 1360: 1354: 1353: 1342: 1336: 1330: 1324: 1318: 1312: 1306: 1300: 1294: 1288: 1282: 1276: 1270: 1264: 1263: 1252: 1246: 1240: 1234: 1228: 1222: 1216: 1210: 1204: 1198: 1197: 1183: 1177: 1171: 1165: 1159: 1150: 1144: 1138: 1132: 1126: 1120: 1114: 1108: 1097: 1091: 1085: 1079: 1073: 1067: 1058: 1052: 1046: 1040: 1034: 1033: 1019: 1013: 1007: 996: 990: 981: 975: 969: 963: 957: 951: 938: 937: 923: 917: 911: 902: 901: 888: 879: 878: 865: 854: 853: 851: 849: 832: 817: 816: 796: 647:Bishop of Tarawa 269:and represented 248: 199:Meleangi Kalofia 169: 151:Personal details 139: 127: 118: 101: 91: 79: 70: 46: 36: 21: 3110: 3109: 3105: 3104: 3103: 3101: 3100: 3099: 3035: 3034: 3033: 3028: 3018: 2997: 2881: 2834: 2813: 2782: 2763:Solomon Islands 2681: 2676: 2646: 2641: 2632: 2625: 2593:Tekiree Tamuera 2587:Teatao Teannaki 2560: 2555: 2501: 2495: 2476: 2457: 2451: 2428: 2411: 2406: 2400: 2379: 2373: 2358: 2321: 2315: 2294: 2288: 2267: 2261: 2240: 2237: 2232: 2231: 2221: 2219: 2208: 2207: 2203: 2193: 2191: 2182: 2181: 2177: 2167: 2165: 2154: 2153: 2149: 2139: 2137: 2126: 2125: 2121: 2111: 2109: 2098: 2097: 2093: 2083: 2081: 2070: 2069: 2065: 2055: 2053: 2042: 2041: 2037: 2029: 2025: 2017: 2013: 2003: 2001: 1990: 1989: 1982: 1967: 1966: 1962: 1952: 1950: 1941: 1940: 1933: 1925: 1921: 1914: 1910: 1900: 1898: 1890: 1886: 1885: 1881: 1865: 1864: 1860: 1844: 1843: 1839: 1823: 1822: 1818: 1810: 1806: 1790: 1789: 1785: 1770: 1769: 1765: 1757: 1753: 1747:Van Trease 1993 1745: 1741: 1735:Van Trease 1993 1733: 1729: 1723:Van Trease 1993 1721: 1717: 1701: 1700: 1696: 1690:Van Trease 1993 1688: 1684: 1678:Van Trease 1993 1676: 1672: 1666:Van Trease 1993 1664: 1660: 1654:Van Trease 1993 1652: 1645: 1639:Van Trease 1993 1637: 1633: 1625: 1621: 1615:Van Trease 1993 1613: 1606: 1600:Van Trease 1993 1598: 1594: 1586: 1582: 1574: 1570: 1564:Van Trease 1993 1562: 1558: 1552:Van Trease 1993 1550: 1546: 1538: 1534: 1528:Van Trease 1993 1526: 1519: 1513:Van Trease 1993 1511: 1502: 1486: 1485: 1481: 1475:Van Trease 1993 1473: 1469: 1461: 1452: 1446:Van Trease 1993 1444: 1440: 1434:Van Trease 1993 1432: 1423: 1417:Van Trease 1993 1415: 1411: 1403: 1399: 1386: 1385: 1381: 1373: 1369: 1363:Van Trease 1993 1361: 1357: 1344: 1343: 1339: 1333:Van Trease 1993 1331: 1327: 1321:Van Trease 1993 1319: 1315: 1307: 1303: 1297:Van Trease 1993 1295: 1291: 1285:Van Trease 1993 1283: 1279: 1273:Van Trease 1993 1271: 1267: 1254: 1253: 1249: 1241: 1237: 1229: 1225: 1217: 1213: 1205: 1201: 1185: 1184: 1180: 1174:Van Trease 1993 1172: 1168: 1160: 1153: 1145: 1141: 1133: 1129: 1123:Van Trease 1993 1121: 1117: 1109: 1100: 1094:Van Trease 1993 1092: 1088: 1080: 1076: 1070:Van Trease 1993 1068: 1061: 1055:Van Trease 1993 1053: 1049: 1041: 1037: 1021: 1020: 1016: 1008: 999: 991: 984: 976: 972: 964: 960: 952: 941: 925: 924: 920: 912: 905: 890: 889: 882: 867: 866: 857: 847: 845: 834: 833: 820: 813: 798: 797: 793: 788: 776:David Lambourne 739: 705: 700: 698:Post-presidency 672: 635: 627:Tewareka Tentoa 598: 586:Teatao Teannaki 515: 510: 466: 402: 361: 330:Teatao Teannaki 240: 191: 175:Political party 161: 160: 137: 125: 119: 114: 104:Teatao Teannaki 99: 89: 83:Teatao Teannaki 77: 71: 66: 49: 37: 28: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3108: 3106: 3098: 3097: 3092: 3087: 3082: 3077: 3072: 3067: 3062: 3057: 3052: 3047: 3037: 3036: 3030: 3029: 3027: 3026: 3023: 3020: 3019: 3017: 3016: 3011: 3005: 3003: 2999: 2998: 2996: 2995: 2990: 2988:United Kingdom 2985: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2965: 2960: 2955: 2950: 2945: 2940: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2915: 2913:European Union 2910: 2905: 2900: 2895: 2889: 2887: 2883: 2882: 2880: 2879: 2874: 2869: 2864: 2859: 2854: 2849: 2842: 2840: 2836: 2835: 2833: 2832: 2827: 2821: 2819: 2815: 2814: 2812: 2811: 2806: 2801: 2796: 2794:American Samoa 2790: 2788: 2784: 2783: 2781: 2780: 2775: 2770: 2765: 2760: 2755: 2750: 2745: 2740: 2735: 2730: 2725: 2720: 2715: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2695: 2689: 2687: 2683: 2682: 2677: 2675: 2674: 2667: 2660: 2652: 2643: 2642: 2635: 2633: 2631: 2630: 2628:denotes acting 2620: 2614: 2608: 2602: 2596: 2590: 2584: 2578: 2572: 2565: 2562: 2561: 2556: 2554: 2553: 2546: 2539: 2531: 2525: 2524: 2514:(2): 264–281. 2499: 2493: 2474: 2455: 2449: 2426: 2404: 2398: 2377: 2371: 2356: 2319: 2313: 2292: 2286: 2265: 2259: 2251:Westview Press 2236: 2233: 2230: 2229: 2201: 2190:. 11 July 2022 2175: 2147: 2119: 2091: 2063: 2035: 2023: 2011: 1980: 1960: 1931: 1919: 1916:It's an Honour 1908: 1879: 1858: 1837: 1816: 1804: 1783: 1763: 1761:, p. 156. 1751: 1739: 1727: 1715: 1694: 1682: 1670: 1658: 1643: 1631: 1629:, p. 275. 1619: 1604: 1592: 1590:, p. 273. 1580: 1578:, p. 267. 1568: 1556: 1544: 1542:, p. 243. 1532: 1517: 1500: 1479: 1467: 1465:, p. 675. 1450: 1438: 1421: 1409: 1397: 1379: 1367: 1355: 1337: 1325: 1313: 1309:Macdonald 1996 1301: 1289: 1277: 1265: 1247: 1245:, p. 674. 1235: 1233:, p. 234. 1223: 1221:, p. 231. 1211: 1199: 1196:. p. 104. 1178: 1166: 1164:, p. 228. 1151: 1147:Macdonald 1983 1139: 1127: 1115: 1111:Macdonald 1983 1098: 1086: 1082:Macdonald 1996 1074: 1059: 1047: 1043:Macdonald 1996 1035: 1014: 1012:, p. 237. 997: 982: 970: 968:, p. 120. 958: 954:Macdonald 1983 939: 918: 916:, p. 227. 903: 880: 855: 818: 811: 790: 789: 787: 784: 747:Radio Kiribati 738: 735: 704: 701: 699: 696: 671: 668: 660:legal standing 634: 631: 597: 594: 590:Etera Teangana 514: 511: 509: 506: 465: 464:Chief minister 462: 450:Roniti Teiwaki 418:Naboua Ratieta 401: 398: 394:Ellice Islands 360: 357: 353:climate change 349:overpopulation 290:Naboua Ratieta 233: 232: 229: 228: 223: 217: 216: 213: 209: 208: 205: 201: 200: 197: 193: 192: 190: 189: 184: 178: 176: 172: 171: 170:(now Kiribati) 157: 153: 152: 148: 147: 144: 143: 140: 134: 133: 131:Naboua Ratieta 128: 122: 121: 111: 110: 106: 105: 102: 96: 95: 92: 86: 85: 80: 78:Vice President 74: 73: 63: 62: 55: 54: 51: 50: 47: 39: 38: 27: 24: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3107: 3096: 3093: 3091: 3088: 3086: 3083: 3081: 3078: 3076: 3073: 3071: 3068: 3066: 3063: 3061: 3058: 3056: 3053: 3051: 3050:Living people 3048: 3046: 3043: 3042: 3040: 3025: 3024: 3021: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3007: 3006: 3004: 3000: 2994: 2993:United States 2991: 2989: 2986: 2984: 2981: 2979: 2976: 2974: 2971: 2969: 2966: 2964: 2961: 2959: 2956: 2954: 2951: 2949: 2946: 2944: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2919: 2916: 2914: 2911: 2909: 2906: 2904: 2901: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2890: 2888: 2884: 2878: 2875: 2873: 2870: 2868: 2865: 2863: 2860: 2858: 2855: 2853: 2850: 2847: 2844: 2843: 2841: 2837: 2831: 2828: 2826: 2823: 2822: 2820: 2816: 2810: 2807: 2805: 2802: 2800: 2797: 2795: 2792: 2791: 2789: 2785: 2779: 2776: 2774: 2771: 2769: 2766: 2764: 2761: 2759: 2756: 2754: 2753:New Caledonia 2751: 2749: 2746: 2744: 2741: 2739: 2736: 2734: 2731: 2729: 2726: 2724: 2721: 2719: 2716: 2714: 2711: 2709: 2706: 2704: 2701: 2699: 2696: 2694: 2691: 2690: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2673: 2668: 2666: 2661: 2659: 2654: 2653: 2650: 2639: 2624: 2623:Taneti Maamau 2621: 2618: 2615: 2612: 2609: 2606: 2605:Teburoro Tito 2603: 2600: 2597: 2594: 2591: 2588: 2585: 2582: 2581:Ieremia Tabai 2579: 2576: 2573: 2570: 2569:Ieremia Tabai 2567: 2566: 2563: 2559: 2552: 2547: 2545: 2540: 2538: 2533: 2532: 2529: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2500: 2496: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2481: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2462: 2456: 2452: 2450:9780191600012 2446: 2442: 2438: 2433: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2418: 2410: 2405: 2401: 2395: 2391: 2386: 2385: 2378: 2374: 2372:0-7315-1996-5 2368: 2364: 2363: 2357: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2333: 2332: 2326: 2320: 2316: 2310: 2306: 2301: 2300: 2293: 2289: 2283: 2279: 2274: 2273: 2266: 2262: 2256: 2252: 2247: 2246: 2239: 2238: 2234: 2218: 2217: 2212: 2205: 2202: 2189: 2185: 2179: 2176: 2163: 2162: 2157: 2151: 2148: 2135: 2134: 2129: 2123: 2120: 2107: 2106: 2101: 2095: 2092: 2079: 2078: 2073: 2067: 2064: 2051: 2050: 2045: 2039: 2036: 2033:, p. 15. 2032: 2027: 2024: 2020: 2015: 2012: 1999: 1998: 1993: 1987: 1985: 1981: 1976: 1975: 1970: 1964: 1961: 1948: 1944: 1938: 1936: 1932: 1929:, p. 16. 1928: 1923: 1920: 1917: 1912: 1909: 1896: 1889: 1883: 1880: 1875: 1874: 1869: 1862: 1859: 1854: 1853: 1848: 1841: 1838: 1833: 1832: 1827: 1820: 1817: 1814:, p. 91. 1813: 1808: 1805: 1800: 1799: 1794: 1787: 1784: 1779: 1778: 1773: 1767: 1764: 1760: 1755: 1752: 1749:, p. 98. 1748: 1743: 1740: 1736: 1731: 1728: 1725:, p. 77. 1724: 1719: 1716: 1711: 1710: 1705: 1698: 1695: 1691: 1686: 1683: 1680:, p. 70. 1679: 1674: 1671: 1668:, p. 68. 1667: 1662: 1659: 1656:, p. 65. 1655: 1650: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1635: 1632: 1628: 1623: 1620: 1617:, p. 63. 1616: 1611: 1609: 1605: 1602:, p. 62. 1601: 1596: 1593: 1589: 1584: 1581: 1577: 1572: 1569: 1566:, p. 61. 1565: 1560: 1557: 1554:, p. 60. 1553: 1548: 1545: 1541: 1536: 1533: 1530:, p. 59. 1529: 1524: 1522: 1518: 1515:, p. 57. 1514: 1509: 1507: 1505: 1501: 1496: 1495: 1490: 1483: 1480: 1477:, p. 56. 1476: 1471: 1468: 1464: 1459: 1457: 1455: 1451: 1448:, p. 55. 1447: 1442: 1439: 1436:, p. 54. 1435: 1430: 1428: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1413: 1410: 1407:, p. 49. 1406: 1401: 1398: 1393: 1389: 1383: 1380: 1376: 1371: 1368: 1365:, p. 52. 1364: 1359: 1356: 1351: 1347: 1341: 1338: 1335:, p. 51. 1334: 1329: 1326: 1322: 1317: 1314: 1311:, p. 27. 1310: 1305: 1302: 1299:, p. 50. 1298: 1293: 1290: 1286: 1281: 1278: 1274: 1269: 1266: 1261: 1257: 1251: 1248: 1244: 1239: 1236: 1232: 1231:McIntyre 2014 1227: 1224: 1220: 1219:McIntyre 2014 1215: 1212: 1208: 1207:McIntyre 2014 1203: 1200: 1195: 1194: 1189: 1182: 1179: 1176:, p. 21. 1175: 1170: 1167: 1163: 1162:McIntyre 2014 1158: 1156: 1152: 1149:, p. 65. 1148: 1143: 1140: 1137:, p. 32. 1136: 1131: 1128: 1124: 1119: 1116: 1113:, p. 63. 1112: 1107: 1105: 1103: 1099: 1096:, p. 17. 1095: 1090: 1087: 1084:, p. 56. 1083: 1078: 1075: 1072:, p. 18. 1071: 1066: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1051: 1048: 1045:, p. 18. 1044: 1039: 1036: 1031: 1030: 1025: 1018: 1015: 1011: 1010:McIntyre 2014 1006: 1004: 1002: 998: 995:, p. 44. 994: 989: 987: 983: 979: 974: 971: 967: 962: 959: 956:, p. 60. 955: 950: 948: 946: 944: 940: 935: 934: 929: 922: 919: 915: 914:McIntyre 2014 910: 908: 904: 899: 898: 893: 887: 885: 881: 876: 875: 870: 864: 862: 860: 856: 844: 843: 838: 831: 829: 827: 825: 823: 819: 814: 808: 804: 803: 795: 792: 785: 783: 781: 777: 772: 771:Taneti Maamau 767: 762: 760: 756: 755:Newair FM 101 752: 748: 744: 743:1998 election 736: 734: 732: 728: 724: 719: 717: 712: 710: 702: 697: 695: 693: 689: 685: 680: 678: 677:Liberal Party 669: 667: 665: 661: 656: 651: 648: 642: 640: 632: 630: 628: 624: 620: 615: 610: 608: 604: 595: 593: 591: 587: 583: 578: 576: 572: 568: 564: 559: 557: 553: 549: 544: 539: 536: 532: 528: 523: 521: 512: 507: 505: 503: 499: 494: 492: 488: 482: 480: 476: 472: 463: 461: 458: 453: 451: 445: 443: 438: 433: 431: 427: 421: 419: 415: 411: 407: 406:Reuben Uatioa 399: 397: 395: 389: 387: 383: 379: 374: 370: 366: 358: 356: 354: 350: 346: 342: 338: 333: 331: 327: 322: 318: 314: 309: 307: 303: 299: 295: 294:1978 election 291: 287: 283: 278: 276: 275:2024 election 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 247: 243: 239: 230: 227: 224: 222: 218: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 188: 185: 183: 180: 179: 177: 173: 168: 164: 158: 154: 149: 145: 141: 135: 132: 129: 123: 117: 112: 107: 103: 97: 93: 87: 84: 81: 75: 69: 64: 61: 56: 52: 48:Tabai in 2009 45: 40: 35: 31: 25:Ieremia Tabai 22: 19: 2698:Cook Islands 2580: 2568: 2511: 2507: 2479: 2465: 2436: 2421: 2415: 2383: 2361: 2338:(1): 58–70. 2335: 2329: 2298: 2271: 2244: 2220:. 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Index

GCMG
AO

President of Kiribati
Teatao Teannaki
Naboua Ratieta
Nonouti
Gilbert and Ellice Islands
National Progressive Party
Boutokaan te Koaua
Alma mater
Victoria University of Wellington
GCMG
AO
I-Kiribati
president of Kiribati
colonial government
House of Assembly
1998
Nonouti
2024 election
House of Assembly
1974
Naboua Ratieta
1978 election
1982
motion of no confidence
the resulting 1983 election
Soviet Union
in 1987

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