438:, part of the Second World War, production came to a halt due to shortages of materials and labor. Production restarted in 1946, and factory modernization was continued by Antero Järvinen. In 1947, a new gas center and compressed air system were built. The special single crucible furnace was converted into a day tub, and the six crucibles were upgraded to eight crucibles. Flame cutting was introduced, allowing for cleaner cuts than the cracking method. Järvinen also started to push an agenda to make design more prominent within the Iittala glassworks. This was continued when Hkan Södermaström became the administrator in 1950 and further pushed the Iittala glassworks to apply design to the entire range of products.
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working methods and furnaces were modernized anyway in 1937. Some of the changes at the
Iittala glassworks included the conversion of a single special crucible furnace and the old four-crucible furnace into six crucibles. An 8-crucible regenerative furnace was also built, but the substantially increased output did not change the fact that all exported Iittala products were still sold under the Karhula brand, and within Finland, Iittala products were still sold under Karhula-Iittala. After the taking over of the Viiala glassworks by Karhula Oy and Riihimäen Lasi Oy, a separate furnace for blowing electric lamps was built since the employees, as part of the deal, went to the Iittala glassworks.
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Tapio
Wirkkala won first place and the 2nd and 3rd-place winner was Kaj Franck. Järvinen was very pleased with the outcome of the competition and Wirkkala and Franck were given free rein to design art glass at the Iittala glassworks. Thanks to the efforts of Kaj Franck and Tapio Wirkkala the attitude to glass changed. Clarity and refraction of light began to be appreciated from a new perspective.
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509:, was hired by Karhula-Iittala and became the first designer hired for a Finnish glassworks. Hongell initiated collaboration between designers and glassblowers by bringing drawings to the glass workshop to ask about technical aspects of blowing the object. Karhula-Iittala also collaborated with many other designers including Gunnel Nyman and Lisa Johansson-Pape.
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Awards: Kantarelli, Viinirypäle / Päärynä, Varsanjalka, Kalvolan kanto, Tunturi, Jäkälä, Jääpala (1951); Jäävuori - Milan
Triennale (1951); Tokio, Tapio, Marsalkansauva - Milan Triennale (1954); Tiima, Rondo - Milan Triennale (1957); Romantica (1960); Paadrin Jää - Milan Triennale (1960); Jäänsärkiä,
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At the
Karhula-Iittala design competition in 1932, Aino Aalto's famous Bölgeblick won second place. Bölgeblick tumblers went into mass production in 1949. They were discontinued in 1960, but production restarted at the Karhula glassworks in 1983. Since 1994, the Iittala Glassworks have taken over the
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Järvinen's push to make design more relevant was continued when Håkan Södermaström became the administrator in 1950 and further pushed the
Iittala glassworks to apply design to the entire range of products. At the Fairs in Helsinki in 1950, Karhula-Iittala was awarded gold for their products and the
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as director in 1946 had the foresight to set the stage for designers to become the driving force of
Iittala and in a competition in Stockholm this played out with the entries not just being sandblasting and engraving but also designing an engraving to go on vases designed by Iittala's Göran Hongell.
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With much of
Iittala's production being lamp glass for the international market, Valto Kokko was hired in 1963. He was not only responsible for designing lamp glass and printed matter, but he was also involved in advertising and exhibitions. Though lamp glass manufacturing profits were shrinking, a
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Timo
Sarpaneva is a master of materials such as glass, porcelain, cast iron and textile as well as graphic art. Saraneva's I-line became the Iittala trademark in 1956. His works can be found in international art and design museums. Orkidea has been described as the most beautiful object on earth.
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Tapio
Wirkkala designed banknotes, graphic art, sculptures, furniture, jewellery and glass products. His versatility in design has produced more than 400 glassware pieces and art glass pieces. Wirkkala had exceptional skills in glass making and his close collaboration with workers resulted in new
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The 1950s were a further highlight for
Finnish design starting with the Milan Triennale from 1951 awarding Finland 25 prizes. 3 Grand Prix's were awarded to Tapio Wirkkala and Timo Sarpaneva received a Silver Medal. In 1954 another Grand Prix was awarded to Wirkkala. This was followed by the Milan
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In February 1888, Abrahamson left the loss-making Iittala glassworks, and Anders Andersson, the chairman of the board, took over the directorship of the Iittala glassworks. In 1865, the Swede Anders Norstedt resigned as administrator of the Nuutajärvi glassworks and moved to Helsinki to handle his
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Sales of their products in Finland were also continuously under competition from the ever-growing import of foreign glassware, but Iittala enjoyed continued success until the mid-1970s oil crisis, when it had to cut back on its operations. In 1981, Iittala was Finland's largest exporter of glass,
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Ahlström officially divided the production of Karhula-Iittala products in 1937. Iittala Glassworks would concentrate on hand-blown glass, while Karhula Glassworks would take over all automated glass production. The plans, which had been around as early as 1933, were delayed because of WW2, though
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Göran Hongell was one of the pioneers of Finnish glass tradition. Hired by Karhula-Iittala in 1932 he went on to become the first permanent designer to be hired by a Finnish glassworks in 1940. To create his glassware he worked with glassblowers to develop special techniques and colour hues. His
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of which only a few could be made in an hour sometimes had only one pass inspection and at times none at all were passed. The design and high quality of Iittala's products ensured Iittala receiving high praise throughout the world as their winning of the magazine House Beautiful's Most Beautiful
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Peter Magnus Abrahamson, after having left the Nuutajärvi glassworks, founded the Iittala Glasbruks Aktiebolag. Due to the lack of skilled glassblowers in Finland, the first 17 glassblowers came from the Limmared glassworks in Sweden. They, along with the local Swedish glassblower Johan Fredrik
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Clas Norstedt, the son of Anders Norstedt, started at the Iittala glassworks in autumn 1895 as a clerk. Later he became the factory manager, and in spring 1896, after his father's death, Clas Norstedt was promoted to deputy director. Clas Norstedt was highly qualified and was the first Finnish
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In time, the entire ownership of Iittala stock went to the Ahlström Group. Though Iittala no longer existed as an independent company, Iittala continued to have a separate corporate identity until 1935, when the Iittalan Lasitehdas Osakeyhtiö was formed with the Karhula Company. From then on,
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Since the late 1940s, the designers Göran Hongell and Erkki Vesanto concentrated on serial production while Tapio Wirkkala and Kaj Franck focused on designing art glass. The results could be seen, with the Karhula-Iittala catalogue of 1949 being completely different than its predecessors and
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In 1932, Göran Hongell was hired by Karhula-Iittala and became the first designer hired for a Finnish glassworks. Hongell initiated collaboration between designers and glassblowers by bringing drawings to the glass workshop to ask about technical aspects of blowing the object.
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professional in the field of glass, but he was content just managing and supervising technical aspects at the glassworks, so he traveled throughout Finland on many commercial business trips. It was during his tenure that the Iittala Glassworks enjoyed its first boom.
453:, the owners of Nuutajärven Lasi, the Humppila glassworks, and Napapiirin Lasi, merged into Iittala-Nuutajärvi Oy. Ahlström retained 70% of the shares, and Wärtsilä retained 30%. Product collections stayed the same, but the brand name Iittala was used for exports.
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series. The glass was presented to international audiences in London in 1933 and at the Milano Triennial in 1936, where Aino Aalto won the gold medal. The design featured not just simplicity but a new functionalism, as they were stackable.
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An initiative by Norstedt resulted in Iittala's iron mold foreman, Alfred Gustafsson, becoming the first in-house designer at Iittala Glassworks. In 1903, Gustafsson created the glass series "Great Men" to passively protest Russian rule.
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Kaj Franck, the conscience of Finnish design would remove everything excessive so his designs would be left with only the essentials. Some of his most famous objects are the Teema tableware and the glass series Kartio.
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In 1917, due to the First World War, raw materials began to become difficult to obtain, inflation caused prices to rise, and wages soared, resulting in Norstedt giving up the Iittala glassworks. Karhula Oy, part of the
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separate lamp glass factory was built in 1971. The new factory was used to produce lights for homes and public facilities. Industrial lights were first produced in 1975 for Ahlström's Varkaus paper mill.
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In 1898, a second directly fired glass furnace with five crucibles had to be built to meet demand. One furnace was used to blow pharmacy glassware, and the other furnace made household glass and crystal.
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accounting for 77% of exports. In 1983, Iittala Glassworks had 530 employees. Glass manufacturing was relocated to another Ahlström business unit in 1985 since Iittala was now focused mainly on exports.
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Iittala's first in house designer was Alfred Gustafsson. Through an initiative by then deputy director Claës Norstedt in 1903 Alfred Gustafsson created his most famous works, the glass tumblers series
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Working closely with select international designers resulted in designs that stayed true to the core values of Iittala but also expanded the shape of glasswares as can be seen with Alfredo Häberli's
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Aino and Alvar Aalto brought functionalism to Finland and Iittala in the 1930s. In 1932 Aino Aalto entered and earned second place in the Karhula-Iittala design competition with her
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In 2004, the Italian ALI Group bought the Hackman Group and sold the business area Iittala oy ab to the Iittala management and the international private equity investment company
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The 1920s and '30s was Iittala's crystal age, in 1929 Iittala was recognized by the World Exposition in Barcelona for the crystals that were being produced at their glassworks.
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is still in production and new colours and sizes are regularly designed by Heikki Orvola and Oiva Toikka making sure that the new pieces keep the spirit of Franck's design.
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Awards: Milan Triennale (1951); Milan Triennale (1954); Milan Triennale (1957); Lunning Prize (1955); Order of the Lion of Finland (1957); Prince Eugen Medal (1964).
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With demand for bottles and glasses increasing since 1932, Hans Ahlström from the Ahlström Group started to modernize the Karhula and Iittala glassworks in 1935.
1920:
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Awards: Lunning Prize (1970); Order of the Lion of Finland (1980); World Glass Now 85 (YEAR); Kaj Franck Design Prize (1992); Prince Eugen Medal (2001).
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Up until 1910–1920, Iittala Glassworks produced glassware using imported molds, resulting in products that were very similar within Finland and abroad.
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Structurally, the Iittala Group has been merged into Fiskars Corporation, and within the main 3 divisions of Fiskars are Home, Garden, and Outdoor.
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which in 1956 became the symbol for the Iittala brand, albeit the Karhula name was still used for Iittala glassworks products in the early 1960s.
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With a few exceptions, until the 1920s Iittala's glassblowers, product models and designs still came from Sweden, Germany, Denmark and Belgium.
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715:, meaning no series, as the colours and style are interchangeable, using ceramic, glass, wood and textile as materials, was launched in 2012.
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from 1960 proved that the essential quality of materials can be reduced to the most basic essence by a creative imaginative artist.
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Iittala focuses on timeless design which can be seen not only in older creations but in the modern classics. For example, cookware
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Ultima Thule: bowl - Milan Triennale (1968); Lunning Prize (1951); Order of the Lion of Finland (1955); Prince Eugen Medal (1980).
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499:. This series was a passive protest against Russian rule and depicted men that were instrumental to Finnish society and culture.
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in 1981 has all the core ideas and values of Iittala within it, incorporating high quality and multipurpose timeless design.
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Thanks to a design archiving system created by Erkki Vesanto in 1936, all designs are not too closely related to each other.
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Aino Aalto designed buildings, interiors, furniture, and textiles. She also designed together with her husband Alvar Aalto.
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Iittala's i-logo in a red circle, designed by Timo Sarpaneva in 1956, was replaced by a new logo in "fire yellow" in 2024.
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is iconic, world-famous and more than 75 years after its creation it is still being produced at the Iittala glassworks.
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and is now a group within the Fiskars Corporation. The operative management of Iittala holds 3 percent of the shares.
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glass set, designed in 1948, was awarded a gold medal at the 1954 Milan Triennale – and is still in production.
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business interests. By 1895, Anders Norstedt was the majority shareholder of the Iittala Glasbruks Aktiebolag.
1252:(1954); Lunning Prize (1956); Order of the Lion of Finland (1958); Honorary Doctorate: Aalto University (1993)
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With the rise of art glass, designers’ names became the bases for sales and Timo Sarpaneva designed the red
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Iittala products are made in China, Vietnam, Thailand and Romania. Some glassware is still made in Finland.
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Heikki Orvola works with glass, ceramics, cast iron and textiles. In 1998 Orvola won the Kaj Franck prize.
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Oiva Toikka is best known for his "Birds" collection which has so far produced 400 glass art objects. His
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405:(a timber refinery), bought the Iittala glassworks, and Norstedt resigned from the board in March 1917.
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The striped ceramic eggcup by Alfredo Häberli in 2001 proved so successful that the entire range of
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creations were simple and unadorned, with a spirit of modernism combined with attenuated art deco.
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In 1998 Stefan Lindfors designed the strikingly and unconventional open handled ceramic series
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set of glasses for Iittala. With Fujiwo Ishimoto he designed the Illusia tableware for Arabia.
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532:) his most famous object, which was first displayed at the 1937 Paris World Exposition. The
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while keeping with their key philosophy of progressive elegant and timeless design, such as
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Iittala set high standards for their products as Löflund recounts that Timo Sarpaneva's
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464:. The Designor business area of the Hackman Group was renamed Iittala oy ab in 2003.
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1861:
Scandinavian design beyond the myth: fifty years of design from the Nordic countries
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In 1990, Iittala-Nuutajärvi Oy was sold to the Hackmann Group, which had acquired
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With a modern interpretation of Finnish traditions and 6 designers the tableware
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was created by Björn Dahlström in 1998 in collaboration with world class chefs.
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Gauffin, who was part owner, made the first glass objects on November 24, 1881.
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In 1952 Kaj Franck, who was also the artistic director of Arabia, designed the
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Alvar Aalto and his wife Aino Aalto often collaborated in their design work.
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Awards: Kaj Franck Design Prize (1998); Order of the Lion of Finland (1984)
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In 1988, the owners of the Iittala glassworks, A. Ahlström Corporation and
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glass birds collection that has been made since 1962, his glassware set
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series for Arabia. The design of this series, which was renamed into
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became striped, which made it an ideal counterbalance to Iittala's
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1921:"Origo mix juhlistaa Häberlin raitojen kymmenvuotista menestystä"
354:
using ceramic, glass, wood and textile as materials, designed by
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2408:
2074:. Designmuseo. 2006. pp. 31, 32, 242, 243, 245, 246, 247.
1068:
Alfredo Häberli is an international designer based in Zurich.
708:
from 2010 marked another new direction for Iittala's products.
1788:
Our Architecture: Collected Reflections on a Century of Change
18:
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Iittala has expanded from glass to other materials, such as
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171:
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production, where they are still being made to this day.
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Triennale awarding Timo Sarpaneva a Grand Prix in 1957.
214:
and art glass which can be seen in the early designs of
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Valto Kokko created his first extensive glassware set,
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Kaj Franck designed the original cone shaped glass set
42:
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Anu Penttinen's clear and strong coloured glass boxes
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is part of the collection of Modern Art in New York.
53:, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a
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625:in 1964, which along with Tapio Wirkkala's glasses
338:candleholders from 1988; Alfredo Häberli's ceramic
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154:
134:
124:
109:
99:
2259:. Designmuseo. 2006. pp. 222, 223, 224, 227.
1785:
372:In April 1881, in the village of Iittalain in the
2370:. Museum of Finnish Architecture, Helsinki, 1994.
2168:. Designmuseo. 2011. pp. 10, 304, 307, 310.
904:techniques and lasting masterful design objects.
562:as the most beautiful object at the exhibition.
273:Ultima Thule collection by Tapio Wirkkala (1968)
1272:selection and range also enjoys great success.
2009:Renja, Suominen-Kokkonen (November 10, 2005).
412:products were produced under Karhula-Iittala.
2551:
2420:
1763:. Designmuseo. 2011. pp. 182, 185, 197.
1707:
1705:
1016:Designs for Iittala: "Kaivonkatsoja" (1946);
8:
1988:. Designmuseo. 2006. pp. 27, 208, 209.
802:(in collaboration with Alvar Aalto - 1933);
669:candleholders from 1988 are another design.
358:, Aleksi Kuokka, Musuta and Samuji in 2012.
85:
852:(in collaboration with Aino Aalto - 1933);
621:Oiva Toikka created the dew drop glassware
2558:
2544:
2536:
2427:
2413:
2405:
2387:
880:(in collaboration with Aino Aalto - 1939).
806:(in collaboration with Aino Aalto - 1939).
632:Oiva Toikka's best known design creations
179:
144:
91:
84:
2831:Pauly & C. - Compagnia Venezia Murano
2473:Gerber 31-001901 Bear Grylls Ultimate Pro
2116:"Kaj Franck's impact far into the future"
629:from 1968 are still in production today.
265:Kanttarelli vase by Tapio Wirkkala (1946)
73:Learn how and when to remove this message
1945:. Designmuseo. 2006. pp. 212, 213.
1816:. Designmuseo. 2006. pp. 214, 215.
1493:. Designmuseo. 2006. pp. 208, 209.
1311:Designs still in production at Iittala:
1221:Designs still in production at Iittala:
1150:Designs still in production at Iittala:
1095:Designs still in production at Iittala:
1039:Designs still in production at Iittala:
971:Designs still in production at Iittala:
883:Designs still in production at Iittala:
824:: Grand Prix - Milan Triennale (1936);
809:Designs still in production at Iittala:
763:Designs still in production at Iittala:
192:, founded as a glassworks in 1881, is a
1335:
1739:. Designmuseo. 2006. pp. 41, 45.
1688:. Designmuseo. 2011. pp. 80, 81.
1541:. Designmuseo. 2006. pp. 30, 32.
1517:. Designmuseo. 2006. pp. 31, 32.
1127:Designs for Iittala: "Aurora" (1972);
828:(1932): gold - Milan Triennale (1954).
774:(1948): gold - Milan Triennale (1954).
521:glasses are still being manufactured.
199:brand specialising in design objects,
34:contains content that is written like
2954:List of defunct glassmaking companies
2280:Kerstin , Smeds (November 10, 2006).
1966:Koivisto, Kaisa (November 30, 2001).
1859:Widar Halén; Kerstin Wickman (2003).
330:designed by Björn Dahlström in 1998;
7:
813:, glasses, pitcher, plate - renamed
740:Designs for Iittala: Silko (1938);
346:glasses from 2001; Anu Penttinen's
342:tableware designed in 1999 and the
210:Iittala has strong design roots in
2345:Kaisa, Koivisto (March 23, 2007).
2324:. Designmuseo. 2006. p. 258.
2322:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
2257:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
2235:. Designmuseo. 2006. p. 257.
2233:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
2211:. Designmuseo. 2006. p. 254.
2209:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
2144:. Designmuseo. 2006. p. 252.
2142:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
2072:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
2029:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1986:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1943:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1814:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1737:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1713:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1659:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1635:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1611:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1589:. Designmuseo. 2006. p. 102.
1587:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1563:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1539:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1515:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1491:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1467:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1443:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1419:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1392:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
1370:. Designmuseo. 2006. p. 165.
1368:Iittala 125 Years Of Finnish Glass
14:
2353:(in Finnish). National Biography.
2288:(in Finnish). National Biography.
2197:(in Finnish). National Biography.
2103:(in Finnish). National Biography.
2060:(in Finnish). National Biography.
2017:(in Finnish). National Biography.
1974:(in Finnish). National Biography.
1715:. Designmuseo. 2006. p. 38.
1637:. Designmuseo. 2006. p. 31.
1613:. Designmuseo. 2006. p. 41.
1565:. Designmuseo. 2006. p. 32.
1469:. Designmuseo. 2006. p. 27.
1445:. Designmuseo. 2006. p. 23.
1421:. Designmuseo. 2006. p. 25.
887:, bowl, votive, vase, flower set.
822:Exhibition architecture for Artek
3304:Purveyors to the Court of Sweden
3289:Glassmaking companies of Finland
2507:Royal Copenhagen 2010 plaquettes
1344:"Meet the Company - Iittala.com"
524:In 1936 Alvar Aalto created the
304:ceramic tableware from 1952 and
23:
2282:"Timo, Sarpaneva (1926 - 2006)"
2052:Eve Maija, Viljo (1997-09-16).
1792:. New York: Walker Publishing.
614:Timo Sarpaneva's cast iron pot
474:In 2007, Iittala was bought by
3314:1881 establishments in Finland
2189:Harri, Kalha (April 5, 2001).
2097:"Tapio,Wirkkala (1915 - 1985)"
1968:"Hongell, Göran (1902 - 1973)"
558:public voted Tapio Wirkkala's
547:containing objects of beauty.
1:
3309:Companies established in 1881
2891:Sterlite Optical Technologies
2741:Kokomo Opalescent Glass Works
2114:RaunoTräskelin (2011-07-17).
1784:Huxtable, Ada Louise (2008).
658:is from 1978 and since 1981
654:in 1973. His best known set
350:from 2010 and the tableware
2191:"Kaj, Franck (1911 - 1989)"
2011:"Aino, Aalto (1894 - 1949)"
1884:Dwell, LLC (October 2005).
636:have been made since 1971.
16:Finnish kitchenware company
3330:
2351:Finnish Literature Society
2286:Finnish Literature Society
2195:Finnish Literature Society
2166:Kaj Franck Universal Forms
2101:Finnish Literature Society
2058:Finnish Literature Society
2054:"Alvar, Aalto (1898-1976)"
2015:Finnish Literature Society
1972:Finnish Literature Society
1761:Kaj Franck Universal Forms
1686:Kaj Franck Universal Forms
1261:
1174:
1116:
1004:
896:
837:
783:
728:
1863:. Arvinius. p. 189.
90:
2681:Firozabad glass industry
2676:Fenton Art Glass Company
2368:Heroism and the Everyday
2985:Irving Wightman Colburn
2566:Glass makers and brands
2460:Gerber Legendary Blades
1890:. Dwell, LLC. pp.
129:Peter Magnus Abrahamson
3279:Ceramics manufacturers
2347:"Oiva, Toikka (1931-)"
323:
285:
274:
266:
3050:Henry William Stiegel
2781:Mats Jonasson Målerås
2721:Holmegaard Glassworks
2031:. Designmuseo. 2006.
1923:(in Finnish). Iittala
1661:. Designmuseo. 2006.
1394:. Designmuseo. 2006.
1276:Designs for Iittala:
1186:Designs for Iittala:
1072:Designs for Iittala:
908:Designs for Iittala:
848:Designs for Iittala:
794:Designs for Iittala:
462:Rörstrand-Gustavsberg
318:
280:
272:
264:
55:neutral point of view
3025:Michael Joseph Owens
2601:Aurora Glass Foundry
2366:Riitta Nikula (ed),
2300:"Honorary Doctorate"
690:glasses and carafe.
589:Object of 1954, for
218:glasses designed by
3113:Bomex/Duran/Endural
3030:Alastair Pilkington
2706:Guardian Industries
2611:Barovier & Toso
2401:− Iittala Australia
87:
47:promotional content
3284:Kitchenware brands
2975:Richard M. Atwater
2796:Nippon Sheet Glass
2736:Kingdom of Crystal
2656:Dartington Crystal
2302:. Aalto University
1838:"Tools by iittala"
324:
286:
275:
267:
49:and inappropriate
3261:
3260:
3070:Tomasz Urbanowicz
3060:Lino Tagliapietra
3055:S. Donald Stookey
2906:Val Saint Lambert
2801:Nižbor glassworks
2716:Hardman & Co.
2533:
2532:
2520:Waterford Crystal
2509:
2475:
2468:
2175:978-952-9878-75-8
2120:Helsingin Sanomat
1799:978-0-8027-1707-8
1770:978-952-9878-75-8
1695:978-952-9878-75-8
403:A. Ahlström Group
374:southern province
308:'s cast iron pot
187:
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83:
82:
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3010:Edward D. Libbey
2980:Frederick Carder
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2397:Official website
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2383:Official website
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1204:stackable bottle
1133:Palazzo Pro Arte
1028:(Kilta) (1952);
885:Aalto collection
665:Heikki Orvola's
550:Göran Hongell's
469:ABN AMRO Capital
436:Continuation War
376:of Finland, the
319:Candlesticks by
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3080:John M. Whitall
3065:W. E. S. Turner
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2921:Watts & Co.
2641:Caithness Glass
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1139:goblet (1998);
1121:
1063:Alfredo Häberli
1009:
901:
842:
798:series (1932);
788:
750:Hongellin hattu
733:
721:
634:Birds by Toikka
540:Antero Järvinen
487:
370:
254:from 1952. and
240:Birds by Toikka
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3274:Finnish brands
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2846:PPG Industries
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2756:Liuli Gongfang
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2616:Berengo Studio
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2466:Gerber Mark II
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2375:External links
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1177:Timo Sarpaneva
1175:Main article:
1170:Timo Sarpaneva
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930:Kalvolan kanto
899:Tapio Wirkkala
897:Main article:
892:Tapio Wirkkala
889:
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881:
868:vase (1936);
860:bowl (1936);
838:Main article:
830:
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784:Main article:
776:
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729:Main article:
720:
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486:
485:Design history
483:
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356:Harri Koskinen
321:Timo Sarpaneva
306:Timo Sarpaneva
248:Tapio Wirkkala
246:from 1964 and
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1459:
1454:
1452:952-9878-47-8
1448:
1444:
1438:
1435:
1430:
1428:952-9878-47-8
1424:
1420:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1403:
1401:952-9878-47-8
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1377:952-9878-47-8
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1171:
1164:
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1157:
1153:
1149:
1146:
1143:vase (2004);
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1119:Heikki Orvola
1115:
1113:
1112:Heikki Orvola
1106:
1102:
1098:
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986:
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906:
905:
900:
895:
893:
886:
882:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
850:Aalto tumbler
847:
846:
845:
841:
836:
834:
827:
823:
819:
816:
812:
808:
805:
801:
800:Aalto tumbler
797:
793:
792:
791:
787:
782:
780:
773:
769:
766:
762:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
738:
737:
732:
731:Göran Hongell
727:
725:
724:Göran Hongell
718:
716:
714:
709:
707:
702:
700:
696:
691:
689:
684:
682:
677:
675:
672:The cookware
670:
668:
663:
661:
657:
653:
648:
646:
643:designed the
642:
641:Heikki Orvola
637:
635:
630:
628:
624:
619:
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612:
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582:
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531:
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507:Göran Hongell
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367:
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332:Heikki Orvola
329:
322:
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299:
295:
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284:
279:
271:
263:
259:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
234:) from 1936;
233:
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208:
206:
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198:
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182:
177:
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98:
94:
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77:
74:
66:
56:
52:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
21:
20:
3123:Chevron bead
3075:Paolo Venini
3020:Antonio Neri
3000:A. H. Heisey
2911:Vallérysthal
2871:Saint-Gobain
2791:Mosser Glass
2760:
2621:Blenko Glass
2591:Ardagh Group
2586:Arc Holdings
2490:
2443:Subsidiaries
2367:
2350:
2340:
2321:
2316:
2304:. Retrieved
2294:
2285:
2275:
2256:
2251:
2232:
2227:
2208:
2203:
2194:
2184:
2165:
2160:
2141:
2136:
2124:. Retrieved
2122:(in Finnish)
2119:
2109:
2100:
2090:
2071:
2066:
2057:
2047:
2028:
2023:
2014:
2004:
1985:
1980:
1971:
1961:
1942:
1937:
1925:. Retrieved
1915:
1903:. Retrieved
1886:
1879:
1860:
1854:
1842:. Retrieved
1840:. architonic
1832:
1813:
1808:
1787:
1779:
1760:
1755:
1736:
1731:
1712:
1685:
1658:
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1490:
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1466:
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1442:
1437:
1418:
1391:
1386:
1367:
1362:
1351:. Retrieved
1347:
1338:
1320:
1316:
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1297:
1293:
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1285:
1281:
1277:
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1215:
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1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
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1172:(1926-2006)
1169:
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1136:
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1110:
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1096:
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1061:
1053:Ateenan aamu
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1010:
1002:(1911-1989)
999:
998:
988:
985:Ultima Thule
984:
980:
976:
972:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
902:
894:(1915-1985)
891:
890:
884:
878:Aalto Flower
877:
874:Savoy double
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
843:
835:(1898-1976)
832:
831:
825:
821:
814:
810:
804:Aalto Flower
803:
799:
795:
789:
781:(1894-1949)
778:
777:
771:
764:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
734:
726:(1902-1973)
723:
722:
712:
710:
705:
703:
698:
694:
692:
687:
685:
680:
678:
673:
671:
666:
664:
659:
655:
651:
649:
644:
638:
633:
631:
627:Ultima Thule
626:
622:
620:
615:
613:
608:
606:
602:i-collection
601:
597:
595:
590:
585:
583:
578:
574:
570:
568:
564:
559:
556:
551:
549:
545:
538:
533:
529:
525:
523:
518:
513:
511:
504:
501:
496:
494:
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383:
371:
363:
360:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
327:
325:
309:
301:
287:
256:Ultima Thule
255:
251:
243:
239:
231:
227:
215:
209:
189:
188:
135:Headquarters
69:
60:
45:by removing
41:Please help
33:
3148:Dragontrail
3133:CorningWare
3045:Otto Schott
3035:Flavio Poli
2963:Glassmakers
2931:Xinyi Glass
2876:Saint-Louis
2786:Moser Glass
2686:Franz Mayer
2306:28 November
2126:27 November
1927:30 November
1905:30 November
1844:30 November
1317:Annual Cube
1290:Annual Cube
1264:Oiva Toikka
1257:Oiva Toikka
1243:Steel plate
1188:Lansetti II
1078:Kid's Stuff
977:Chantarelle
922:Viinirypäle
840:Alvar Aalto
833:Alvar Aalto
826:Bölgeblick
430:During the
312:from 1960.
258:from 1968.
250:’s glasses
236:Oiva Toikka
224:Alvar Aalto
3268:Categories
3178:Millefiori
3096:and brands
3094:Trademarks
2970:John Adams
2841:Pilkington
2746:Kosta Boda
2361:References
1353:2017-08-25
1321:Kastehelmi
1278:Kastehelmi
1270:Kastehelmi
1007:Kaj Franck
1000:Kaj Franck
973:Kantarelli
966:Jäänsärkiä
918:Kantarelli
815:Aino Aalto
811:Bölgeblick
796:Bölgeblick
786:Aino Aalto
779:Aino Aalto
623:Kastehelmi
560:Kantarelli
534:Aalto Vase
519:Aino Aalto
514:Bölgeblick
432:Winter War
298:Kaj Franck
283:Aino Aalto
244:Kastehelmi
232:Aalto Vase
228:Savoy Vase
220:Aino Aalto
216:Aino Aalto
212:glasswares
43:improve it
3243:Waterford
3233:Vitrolite
3208:Ravenhead
3158:Fire-King
3143:Cristallo
3138:Cranberry
2995:Friedrich
2947:companies
2916:Waterford
2901:Swarovski
2836:Phu Phong
2806:O-I Glass
2726:Holophane
2701:Glaverbel
2651:Crystalex
2574:companies
2496:Rörstrand
1900:1530-5309
1331:Citations
1306:Full Moon
1239:Sarpaneva
1208:sarpaneva
1196:tumbler i
1018:Lakaisija
958:Romantica
719:Designers
701:designs.
616:Sarpaneva
611:in 1956.
497:Great Men
310:Sarpaneva
281:Glass by
222:in 1932;
201:tableware
63:July 2022
3299:Wärtsilä
3108:Bohemian
3040:Salviati
2851:Preciosa
2816:Orrefors
2711:Hadeland
2606:Baccarat
2525:Wedgwood
1304:(1988);
1302:Vaskooli
1300:(1989);
1296:(1989);
1292:(1977);
1288:(1971);
1284:(1966);
1248:Awards:
1231:Claritas
1216:Claritas
1214:(1966);
1210:(1960);
1206:(1959);
1202:(1957);
1198:(1956);
1194:(1954);
1190:(1952);
1135:(1988);
1131:(1987);
1088:(2003);
1084:(2003);
1080:(2001);
1076:(2001);
1049:Purnukka
1032:(1956);
1024:(1946);
1020:(1946);
964:(1960);
960:(1960);
956:(1957);
952:(1954);
948:(1954);
944:(1954);
940:(1951);
938:Jäävuori
936:(1951);
932:(1948);
928:(1947);
920:(1951);
916:(1947);
912:(1946);
910:Finestra
876:(1936);
820:Awards:
770:Awards:
760:(1950s).
756:(1948);
752:(1941);
748:(1939);
744:(1938);
742:Maininki
713:Sarjaton
706:Vitriini
639:In 1972
600:for his
505:In 1932
451:Wärtsilä
434:and the
352:Sarjaton
348:Vitriini
290:ceramics
205:cookware
174:.iittala
113:1881 in
100:Industry
3294:Fiskars
3253:Zerodur
3228:Vitrite
3223:Visions
3218:Tiffany
3188:Opaline
3168:Gorilla
3153:Favrile
3128:Corelle
3118:Burmese
2945:Defunct
2936:Zwiesel
2896:Steuben
2766:Luoyang
2761:Iittala
2671:Fanavid
2666:Duralex
2646:Corning
2636:Borosil
2572:Current
2491:Iittala
2481:Hackman
2436:Fiskars
1348:Iittala
1308:(1989).
1259:(1931)
1235:Festivo
1227:Orkidea
1223:Tsaikka
1218:(1984).
1212:Festivo
1200:Tsaikka
1192:Orkidea
1156:Korento
1147:(2011).
1145:Korento
1114:(1943)
1097:Essence
1092:(1999).
1074:Essence
1065:(1964)
1036:(1948).
968:(1968).
962:Paadrin
934:Jääpala
926:Päärynä
767:(1948).
758:Aulanko
688:Essence
598:i-label
593:shows.
591:Orkidea
586:Orkidea
476:Fiskars
368:History
344:Essence
194:Finnish
190:Iittala
167:Website
161:Fiskars
140:Finland
125:Founder
119:Finland
115:Iittala
110:Founded
86:Iittala
3248:Wood's
3193:Peking
3183:Murano
3163:Forest
2886:Schott
2881:Seguso
2856:Riedel
2776:Mannok
2751:Libbey
2450:Arabia
2328:
2263:
2239:
2215:
2172:
2148:
2078:
2035:
1992:
1949:
1898:
1867:
1820:
1796:
1767:
1743:
1719:
1692:
1665:
1641:
1617:
1593:
1569:
1545:
1521:
1497:
1473:
1449:
1425:
1398:
1374:
1280:(1964)
1250:I-line
1160:Aurora
1045:Kartio
1030:Kartio
981:Gaissa
645:Aurora
609:Kartio
528:vase (
458:Arabia
197:design
156:Parent
142:
3238:Vycor
3198:Pyrex
3173:Macor
3103:Activ
2821:Osram
2811:Ohara
2696:Glava
2691:Fuyao
2626:Bodum
2596:Asahi
1887:Dwell
1313:Birds
1298:Delta
1294:Niili
1286:Birds
1282:Flora
1141:Verna
1137:Verna
1105:Origo
1101:Senta
1090:Origo
1082:Senta
1041:Teema
1026:Teema
1022:Onkia
989:Tapio
954:Rondo
946:Tapio
942:Tokio
914:Pitsi
870:Aalto
866:Aalto
862:Savoy
858:Savoy
854:Aalto
772:Aarne
765:Aarne
754:Aarne
699:Teema
695:Origo
674:Tools
579:Teema
575:Teema
571:Kilta
552:Aarne
530:Savoy
526:Aalto
378:Swede
340:Origo
328:Tools
302:Teema
294:metal
252:Tapio
104:Glass
3203:Rona
2861:Rona
2731:Hoya
2661:Daum
2326:ISBN
2308:2012
2261:ISBN
2237:ISBN
2213:ISBN
2170:ISBN
2146:ISBN
2128:2012
2076:ISBN
2033:ISBN
1990:ISBN
1947:ISBN
1929:2012
1907:2012
1896:ISSN
1865:ISBN
1846:2012
1818:ISBN
1794:ISBN
1765:ISBN
1741:ISBN
1717:ISBN
1690:ISBN
1663:ISBN
1639:ISBN
1615:ISBN
1591:ISBN
1567:ISBN
1543:ISBN
1519:ISBN
1495:ISBN
1471:ISBN
1447:ISBN
1423:ISBN
1396:ISBN
1372:ISBN
1152:Kivi
1129:Kivi
1086:Tris
1034:Tupa
746:Säde
667:Kivi
660:Otso
656:Otso
652:Avec
460:and
336:Kivi
292:and
203:and
176:.com
1894:–.
1892:106
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681:Ego
334:’s
300:’s
238:’s
226:’s
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172:www
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