112:), launched in 1923. VAPP was the largest of several organisations that sought to promote 'proletarian literature' in the Soviet Union in the early 1920s, believing that 'bourgeois' culture – ie works written by persons who were not manual workers – was not suited to organising the psychology of the proletariat. Varin maintained that "if literature is not won by the proletariat, then it will serve the bourgeoisie." VAPP aggressively attacked the novelists and poets who were being published in the Soviet Union, who were not proletarians. According to the writer, Ilya Ehrenburg, "the
215:, and was arrested and shot in 1937. Their son, Leonid, was arrested as a member of a family of an 'enemy of the people' and sentenced to five years in prison, then was conscripted and sent to the front line during the war with Germany, but survived to become an eminent saxophonist. His wife, Natalya Melekhova, a folk singer was travelling by train to Riga when she went into labour. Their son, Yuri Peterson (1947–2019) became one of Russia's best known singers.
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adopted a cautiously worded resolution that warned against a "frivolous and careless" attitude to the old cultural legacy, and that the party should 'fight attempts at purely hothouse 'proletarian' literature". Vardin refused to accept what was now official party policy, which caused a rift within
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148:, for publishing literature by 'fellow travellers' -ie writers sympathetic to the revolution who were not proletarian. Vardin accused Voronsky of having "become a weapon in the cause of reinforcing the position of the bourgeoisie."
92:, and served as a political commissar with the First Cavalry Army during the civil war. In 1920, he was a member of the bureau of the Kyiv Provincial Communist Party Committee, then later worked for the press of the
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203:. In January 1935, he was sentenced to five years in prison, but when his sentence ended, in 1940, he was arrested again, and sentenced to death at a closed trial on 7 July 1941, and shot three weeks later.
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In May 1924, the press department of the
Central Committee organised a debate on the politics of literature, at which Vardin acted as the main spokesman for the 'proletarian' side, and was answered by
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155:, who accused him of adopting "an amazingly supercilious tone, but deadly little knowledge or understanding – no understanding of art as art, that is as a particular field of human creativity."
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Using his literary pseudonym, Ilya Vardin, Mgeladze was a founder of the All-Russian
Association of Proletarian Writers (VAPP), and editor of its magazine,
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VAPP. He was ousted from the leadership, and VAPP was wound up and its place taken by RAPP (the
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Members of the
Communist Party of the Soviet Union executed by the Soviet Union
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243:(The Menshevik Party and the Russian Revolution) Moscow: Krasnaya Nov, 1922
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Mgeladze's wife, Emma
Reinovna Peterson, was a linguist, who worked for
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revolutionary, writer, literary critic and journalist active in the
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Art and
Revolution, Writings on Literature, Politics and Culture
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in
December 1927, arrested and sentence to three years exile in
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in 1906. In 1910 he was a member of the Moscow
Committee of the
333:. Cleveland, Ohio: The World Publishing Company. p. 70.
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Expelled members of the
Communist Party of the Soviet Union
386:
Soviet
Culture and Power, A History in Documents, 1917–1953
229:(Political parties and the Russian revolution) Moscow:
293:Альманах "Россия. ХХ век" - Биографический словарь
413:"Вардин-Мгеладзе Илларион Виссарионович (1890)"
316:Red Virgin Soil, Soviet Literature in the 1920s
264:Reconstructing Lenin: An Intellectual Biography
499:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party members
140:." They also constantly attacked the magazine
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384:Katerina Clark, and Evgeny Dobrenko (2007).
534:20th-century writers from Georgia (country)
519:Great Purge victims from Georgia (country)
165:Russian Association of Proletarian Writers
72:. His family were peasants. He joined the
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539:Literary critics from Georgia (country)
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226:Политические партии и русская революция
489:Revolutionaries from Georgia (country)
240:Партия меньшевиков и русская революция
78:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
54:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
7:
363:. New York: Pathfinder. p. 75.
388:. New Haven: Yale U.P. p. 43.
318:. Ithaca: Cornell U.P. p. 161.
187:against Trotsky, and then against
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289:"Мгеладзе Илларион Виссарионович"
84:, where he edited the newspaper
25:Illarion Vissarionovich Mgeladze
88:. He moved to Moscow after the
295:. Архив Александра Н. Яковлева
1:
193:All-Union Communist Party (b)
179:In the power struggles after
41:– 27 July 1941) (pseudonym –
34:ილარიონ ბესარიონის ძე მგელაძე
417:Открыткый Список (Open List)
175:Expulsion, arrests and death
438:"Петерсон, Юрий Леонидович"
314:Maguire, Robert A. (1987).
191:. He was expelled from the
80:(RSDLP). Later he moved to
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514:Soviet publishers (people)
183:in 1924, Vardin supported
116:group abused everybody –
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329:Ehrenburg, Ilya (1964).
509:Soviet literary critics
267:. New York: NYU Press.
524:Soviet rehabilitations
359:Trotsky, Leon (1992).
261:Krausz, Tamás (2015).
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68:Mgeladze was born in
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442:mega stars Биографии
331:Memoirs: 1921–1941
146:Aleksandr Voronsky
90:October Revolution
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395:978-0-300-10646-6
274:978-1-58367-450-5
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153:Leon Trotsky
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142:Krasnaya Nov
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64:Early career
58:Soviet Union
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474:1941 deaths
469:1890 births
43:Ilya Vardin
20:Ilya Vardin
463:Categories
447:7 February
422:7 February
299:7 February
248:References
167:), led by
122:Mayakovsky
74:Bolsheviks
39:Lanchkhuti
344:Maguire.
213:Comintern
160:Politburo
138:Veresayev
134:Akhmatova
114:Na Postu
110:On Guard
106:Na Postu
47:Georgian
45:) was a
37:; 1890,
29:Georgian
181:Lenin's
130:Yesenin
82:Saratov
70:Georgia
50:Marxist
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235:, 1922
207:Family
189:Stalin
31::
219:Works
197:Biysk
449:2023
424:2023
390:ISBN
365:ISBN
301:2023
269:ISBN
136:and
128:and
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