514:, the commissioner would give the order to between one and five compilers to select poems, arrange them into books by topic, arrange the poems within each book and make orthographic decisions. When the compilation was completed, the collection would be presented to the commissioner for inspection. Occasionally the commissioner would order changes to be made, resulting in, for example, the three variant texts of the
712:
679:
757:
1158:
986:
750:
689:
663:
637:
1177:
1083:
533:
were compiled during a period of decline for the imperial house, and were instead commissioned and completed under the auspices of the
743:
1139:
979:
524:
has an unusual history that after being inspected and approved, later changes were made personally by the commissioner.
493:) it was more common for the anthologies to be commissioned by the retired emperor who was in charge of the court (the
118:
932:
454:
897:
419:
298:
provided both the language and organizational principles for the rest of the anthologies thereafter. They are:
1182:
972:
653:
952:
925:
463:
447:
192:
151:
1134:
869:
848:
391:
370:
184:, but the emperor died before it could be presented to him, and so it was never formally given the title of
170:
Two collections were compiled on the orders of emperors but are not included in this list. The first is the
809:
516:
331:
890:
717:
627:
467:—although an imperial anthology of Japanese poetry—is not included in the list of twenty one collections.
412:
172:
918:
440:
1010:
911:
883:
862:
855:
830:
629:
Kokin Wakashū: The First
Imperial Anthology of Japanese Poetry : with Tosa Nikki and Shinsen Waka
433:
405:
384:
377:
352:
139:
542:
1103:
876:
802:
766:
534:
398:
324:
177:
163:
68:
708:
538:
107:
1096:
904:
795:
510:
504:
426:
317:
823:
685:
659:
633:
495:
361:
345:
157:
103:
816:
788:
781:
338:
310:
303:
112:
99:
1017:
995:
490:
482:
181:
284:
216:
145:
1171:
1024:
265:
94:
62:
1089:
17:
486:
167:. The total number of poems contained in the 21 collections comes to about 33,700.
481:
were acting under direct orders of the reigning emperor, but during the period of
290:
133:
546:
98:
poetry compiled and presented for inspection on the order of either a reigning
735:
722:
288:
are the first eight collections, in which the first three collections are the
1110:
1059:
1144:
272:
122:
compiled in the first half of the fifteenth century, with 21 in total.
116:
compiled at the beginning of the tenth century and the last was the
275:. The following texts listed in chronological order constitute the
1117:
1066:
1052:
1045:
1038:
1031:
964:
253:
655:
Shinkokinshū (2 vols): New
Collection of Poems Ancient and Modern
968:
739:
545:(飛鳥井雅親) began compiling, but the work was abandoned during the
215:, which was compiled at the end of the 14th century at the
60:), were imperially-commissioned Japanese anthologies of
609:
607:
605:
603:
601:
599:
597:
595:
593:
591:
589:
587:
585:
583:
581:
579:
577:
575:
573:
571:
569:
567:
565:
563:
561:
1153:
1127:
1076:
1002:
944:
840:
773:
243:
208:
528:
476:
365:are the later thirteen collections. They are:
258:
237:
202:
185:
126:
87:
81:
55:
48:
41:
34:
980:
751:
8:
987:
973:
965:
758:
744:
736:
66:poetry. They numbered 21 in total (called
1128:Individuals and groups of Japanese poets
613:
557:
176:(compiled in the late 12th century by
29:21 anthologies of Japanese waka poetry
7:
541:ordered a further collection, which
1084:List of Japanese poetry anthologies
475:The compilers of the first several
161:, and the whole group of 21 as the
246:Collections of the Twenty-One Eras
25:
256:twenty one imperial collections (
626:McCullough, Helen Craig (1985).
137:, the first eight (through the
1140:Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry
1135:Japanese poets (category list)
155:) through the 21st called the
1:
632:. Stanford University Press.
180:), which was commissioned by
1077:Poetry works and collections
1178:Japanese poetry anthologies
767:Imperial Poetry Anthologies
684:(in Japanese). 岩波書店. 1961.
529:
502:With the exceptions of the
477:
471:Commissioners and compilers
259:
244:
209:
186:
127:
92:) refers to anthologies of
88:
82:
49:
35:
1199:
238:
203:
56:
42:
86:(hereafter shortened to
131:are referred to as the
119:Shinshoku Kokin Wakashū
933:Shinshokukokin Wakashū
718:Encyclopedia Nipponica
455:Shinshokukokin Wakashū
658:. BRILL. 2015-02-24.
485:(or rather the later
152:Shin Chokusen Wakashū
46:), also shortened to
849:Shinchokusen Wakashū
371:Shinchokusen Wakashū
210:jun-chokusen-wakashū
196:, a so-called quasi-
190:. The second is the
178:Fujiwara no Kiyosuke
110:. The first was the
18:Imperial collections
1159:Articles with poems
898:Shokugoshūi Wakashū
891:Shokusenzai Wakashū
420:Shokugoshūi Wakashū
413:Shokusenzai Wakashū
378:Shokugosen Wakashū
173:Shoku-Shika Wakashū
926:Shingoshūi Wakashū
912:Shinsenzai Wakashū
863:Shokukokin Wakashū
856:Shokugosen Wakashū
831:Shin Kokin Wakashū
713:"Chokusen wakashū"
539:Ashikaga Yoshimasa
522:Shin-Kokin Wakashū
448:Shingoshūi Wakashū
434:Shinsenzai Wakashū
399:Shingosen Wakashū
385:Shokukokin Wakashū
353:Shin Kokin Wakashū
140:Shin-Kokin Wakashū
108:cloistered emperor
1165:
1164:
962:
961:
877:Shingosen Wakashū
870:Shokushūi Wakashū
691:978-4-00-301341-0
665:978-90-04-28829-4
639:978-0-8047-1258-3
392:Shokushūi Wakashū
149:, the ninth (the
16:(Redirected from
1190:
1154:Individual poems
989:
982:
975:
966:
919:Shinshūi Wakashū
760:
753:
746:
737:
732:
730:
729:
696:
695:
676:
670:
669:
650:
644:
643:
623:
617:
611:
543:Asukai Masachika
535:Ashikaga shōguns
532:
480:
441:Shinshūi Wakashū
262:
251:
249:
241:
240:
214:
212:
206:
205:
189:
130:
125:The first three
100:emperor of Japan
91:
85:
83:chokusen wakashū
59:
58:
52:
45:
44:
38:
36:chokusen wakashū
21:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1183:Buddhist poetry
1168:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1149:
1123:
1072:
998:
996:Japanese poetry
993:
963:
958:
953:Shin'yō Wakashū
940:
884:Gyokuyō Wakashū
836:
769:
764:
727:
725:
721:(in Japanese).
709:Fujihira, Haruo
707:
704:
699:
692:
678:
677:
673:
666:
652:
651:
647:
640:
625:
624:
620:
612:
559:
555:
491:Kamakura period
483:cloistered rule
473:
464:Shin'yō Wakashū
406:Gyokuyō Wakashū
235:
227:
200:
193:Shin'yō Wakashū
78:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1196:
1194:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1170:
1169:
1163:
1162:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1121:
1114:
1107:
1104:Nijūichidaishū
1100:
1093:
1086:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1063:
1056:
1049:
1042:
1035:
1028:
1021:
1014:
1006:
1004:
1000:
999:
994:
992:
991:
984:
977:
969:
960:
959:
957:
956:
948:
946:
942:
941:
939:
938:
936:
929:
922:
915:
908:
901:
894:
887:
880:
873:
866:
859:
852:
844:
842:
838:
837:
835:
834:
827:
824:Senzai Wakashū
820:
813:
810:Kin'yō Wakashū
806:
803:Goshūi Wakashū
799:
792:
785:
777:
775:
771:
770:
765:
763:
762:
755:
748:
740:
734:
733:
703:
700:
698:
697:
690:
671:
664:
645:
638:
618:
556:
554:
551:
527:The last four
517:Kin'yō Wakashū
472:
469:
461:Note that the
459:
458:
451:
444:
437:
430:
423:
416:
409:
402:
395:
388:
381:
374:
357:
356:
349:
346:Senzai Wakashū
342:
335:
332:Kin'yō Wakashū
328:
325:Goshūi Wakashū
321:
314:
307:
277:Nijūichidaishū
232:Nijūichidaishū
226:
224:Nijūichidaishū
221:
217:Southern Court
164:nijūichidaishū
77:
74:
69:nijūichidaishū
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1195:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1055:
1054:
1050:
1048:
1047:
1043:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1020:
1019:
1015:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1001:
997:
990:
985:
983:
978:
976:
971:
970:
967:
955:
954:
950:
949:
947:
943:
937:
935:
934:
930:
928:
927:
923:
921:
920:
916:
914:
913:
909:
907:
906:
902:
900:
899:
895:
893:
892:
888:
886:
885:
881:
879:
878:
874:
872:
871:
867:
865:
864:
860:
858:
857:
853:
851:
850:
846:
845:
843:
839:
833:
832:
828:
826:
825:
821:
819:
818:
817:Shika Wakashū
814:
812:
811:
807:
805:
804:
800:
798:
797:
793:
791:
790:
789:Gosen Wakashū
786:
784:
783:
782:Kokin Wakashū
779:
778:
776:
772:
768:
761:
756:
754:
749:
747:
742:
741:
738:
724:
720:
719:
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682:
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649:
646:
641:
635:
631:
630:
622:
619:
615:
614:Fujihira 1994
610:
608:
606:
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602:
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596:
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584:
582:
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578:
576:
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572:
570:
568:
566:
564:
562:
558:
552:
550:
548:
544:
540:
536:
531:
525:
523:
519:
518:
513:
512:
507:
506:
500:
498:
497:
492:
488:
484:
479:
470:
468:
466:
465:
457:
456:
452:
450:
449:
445:
443:
442:
438:
436:
435:
431:
429:
428:
424:
422:
421:
417:
415:
414:
410:
408:
407:
403:
401:
400:
396:
394:
393:
389:
387:
386:
382:
380:
379:
375:
373:
372:
368:
367:
366:
364:
363:
355:
354:
350:
348:
347:
343:
341:
340:
339:Shika Wakashū
336:
334:
333:
329:
327:
326:
322:
320:
319:
315:
313:
312:
311:Gosen Wakashū
308:
306:
305:
304:Kokin Wakashū
301:
300:
299:
297:
293:
292:
287:
286:
280:
278:
274:
270:
268:
263:
261:
255:
248:
247:
234:
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218:
211:
199:
195:
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188:
183:
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159:
154:
153:
148:
147:
142:
141:
136:
135:
129:
123:
121:
120:
115:
114:
113:Kokin Wakashū
109:
105:
101:
97:
96:
90:
84:
75:
73:
71:
70:
65:
64:
53:
51:
39:
37:
27:
19:
1116:
1109:
1102:
1095:
1088:
1065:
1058:
1051:
1044:
1037:
1030:
1023:
1016:
1009:
951:
931:
924:
917:
910:
905:Fūga Wakashū
903:
896:
889:
882:
875:
868:
861:
854:
847:
829:
822:
815:
808:
801:
796:Shūi Wakashū
794:
787:
780:
726:. Retrieved
716:
680:
674:
654:
648:
628:
621:
526:
521:
515:
511:Fūga Wakashū
509:
505:Shūi Wakashū
503:
501:
494:
487:Heian period
474:
462:
460:
453:
446:
439:
432:
427:Fūga Wakashū
425:
418:
411:
404:
397:
390:
383:
376:
369:
360:
358:
351:
344:
337:
330:
323:
318:Shūi Wakashū
316:
309:
302:
295:
289:
283:
281:
276:
266:
257:
245:
231:
230:
228:
223:
197:
191:
182:Emperor Nijō
171:
169:
162:
156:
150:
144:
138:
132:
124:
117:
111:
93:
79:
67:
61:
47:
33:
31:
26:
1003:Major forms
841:Jūsandaishū
774:Hachidaishū
702:Works cited
530:chokusenshū
496:Daijō Tennō
478:chokusenshū
362:Jūsandaishū
285:Hachidaishū
271:written by
260:chokusenshū
198:chokusenshū
187:chokusenshū
158:jūsandaishū
146:hachidaishū
128:chokusenshū
89:chokusenshū
50:chokusenshū
1172:Categories
728:2017-11-11
723:Shogakukan
553:References
1097:Man'yōshū
296:Sandaishū
291:Sandaishū
143:) as the
134:sandaishū
80:The term
1145:Rokkasen
711:(1994).
547:Ōnin War
508:and the
489:and the
273:noblemen
76:Overview
1090:Kaifūsō
945:Related
254:Japan's
104:retired
102:, or a
1111:Kai Ōi
1060:senryū
1018:kanshi
1011:haikai
688:
681:新勅撰和歌集
662:
636:
520:. The
294:. The
269:poetry
204:準勅撰和歌集
1118:Iroha
1067:tanka
1053:renku
1046:renga
1039:hokku
1032:haiku
264:) of
239:二十一代集
43:勅撰和歌集
1025:waka
686:ISBN
660:ISBN
634:ISBN
359:The
282:The
267:waka
252:are
229:The
95:waka
63:waka
32:The
499:).
106:or
72:).
57:勅撰集
1174::
715:.
560:^
549:.
537:.
279::
242:,
219:.
207:,
988:e
981:t
974:v
759:e
752:t
745:v
731:.
694:.
668:.
642:.
616:.
250:)
236:(
213:)
201:(
54:(
40:(
20:)
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