55:
during the 1840s, they brought the inboekstelsel system with them. Inboekelinge children were captured during raids, or handed over as apprentices by their conquered parents in return for land or goods. In some cases they were sold by Boer settlers to other burghers, in what became known as the trade
63:
adopted a resolution condemning the practice, but rescinded it two years later on the grounds that the system no longer existed. In the
Transvaal, legislation required that males be released from indenture at the age of 25, while females were released at 21, but the law was not always observed in
70:
Historians like
Elizabeth Eldredge and Fred Morton have argued that Inboekstelsel was a system of slavery. Although legal slavery was formerly abolished in the Cape colony in 1834, the inboekstelling system allowed white settlers to continue to practice forced labour.
50:
Northern
Frontier during the second half of the 18th century, when settlers would capture native children, and force them to work as indentured labourers until adulthood. When Boer trekkers migrated into the
147:
67:
British attitudes towards the
Inboekstelsel system were ambivalent. The British administration of Transvaal between 1877 and 1881 did not affect it.
391:
366:
347:
317:
287:
260:
199:
127:
396:
154:
59:
In the
Transvaal, the inboekelings numbered about 4,000 in 1866, nearly one for every ten settlers. In 1869 the synod of the
23:
child labour instituted by
Europeans in Southern Africa during the 18th and 19th centuries. The word is derived from the
386:
91:
381:
60:
31:(register; literally "in-book"), referring to the requirement of entering the names and details of the
205:
52:
20:
343:
313:
307:
283:
277:
256:
222:
195:
123:
47:
337:
250:
117:
187:
235:
24:
375:
209:
80:
43:'s register. It is widely seen as a form of slavery by historians of South Africa.
279:
Women and
Slavery: Africa, the Indian Ocean World, and the Medieval North Atlantic
333:
183:
119:
An
Economic History of South Africa: Conquest, Discrimination, and Development
191:
148:"Power Without Knowledge: Three 19th Century Colonialisms In South Africa"
85:
40:
252:
Abolition and Its
Aftermath in the Indian Ocean, Africa and Asia
367:
Slavery in the South
African Interior During the 19th Century
153:. University of KwaZulu-Natal. pp. 22–29. Archived from
276:
Gwyn Campbell; Suzanne Miers; Joseph Calder Miller (2007).
339:
The Transvaal Rebellion: The First Boer War, 1880-1881
312:. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. pp. 184–185.
301:
299:
111:
109:
107:
8:
122:. Cambridge University Press. p. 53.
103:
282:. Ohio University Press. p. 196.
231:
220:
309:The Afrikaners: Biography of a People
141:
139:
7:
177:
175:
88:, a similar system in modern Haiti
14:
306:Hermann Giliomee (January 2003).
46:The system had its origin in the
342:. Pearson/Longman. p. 41.
186:, Routledge, pp. 251–269,
392:Social history of South Africa
116:C. H. Feinstein (2005-06-23).
1:
249:Gwyn Campbell (2013-01-11).
397:Afrikaans words and phrases
182:Morton, Fred (2019-05-28),
64:remote frontier districts.
413:
39:), or apprentices, in the
255:. Routledge. p. 43.
184:"Slavery in South Africa"
192:10.4324/9780429306105-10
92:Slavery in South Africa
146:Breckenridge, Keith.
61:Dutch Reformed Church
160:on 2 February 2014
56:in "black ivory".
349:978-0-582-77261-8
319:978-1-85065-714-9
289:978-0-8214-1723-2
262:978-1-135-77078-5
230:Missing or empty
201:978-0-429-30610-5
129:978-0-521-85091-9
404:
354:
353:
330:
324:
323:
303:
294:
293:
273:
267:
266:
246:
240:
239:
233:
228:
226:
218:
217:
216:
179:
170:
169:
167:
165:
159:
152:
143:
134:
133:
113:
19:was a system of
412:
411:
407:
406:
405:
403:
402:
401:
372:
371:
363:
358:
357:
350:
332:
331:
327:
320:
305:
304:
297:
290:
275:
274:
270:
263:
248:
247:
243:
229:
219:
214:
212:
202:
181:
180:
173:
163:
161:
157:
150:
145:
144:
137:
130:
115:
114:
105:
100:
77:
12:
11:
5:
410:
408:
400:
399:
394:
389:
387:Apprenticeship
384:
374:
373:
370:
369:
362:
361:External links
359:
356:
355:
348:
325:
318:
295:
288:
268:
261:
241:
200:
171:
135:
128:
102:
101:
99:
96:
95:
94:
89:
83:
76:
73:
35:(also spelled
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
409:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
382:Unfree labour
380:
379:
377:
368:
365:
364:
360:
351:
345:
341:
340:
335:
329:
326:
321:
315:
311:
310:
302:
300:
296:
291:
285:
281:
280:
272:
269:
264:
258:
254:
253:
245:
242:
237:
224:
211:
207:
203:
197:
193:
189:
185:
178:
176:
172:
156:
149:
142:
140:
136:
131:
125:
121:
120:
112:
110:
108:
104:
97:
93:
90:
87:
84:
82:
81:Griqua people
79:
78:
74:
72:
68:
65:
62:
57:
54:
49:
44:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
18:
17:Inboekstelsel
338:
328:
308:
278:
271:
251:
244:
232:|title=
213:, retrieved
162:. Retrieved
155:the original
118:
69:
66:
58:
45:
37:inboekseling
36:
32:
28:
16:
15:
334:John Laband
33:inboekeling
376:Categories
215:2022-05-26
164:26 January
98:References
21:indentured
210:199314684
53:Transvaal
336:(2005).
223:citation
86:Restavec
75:See also
41:Landdros
29:inboeken
346:
316:
286:
259:
208:
198:
126:
206:S2CID
158:(PDF)
151:(PDF)
27:verb
25:Dutch
344:ISBN
314:ISBN
284:ISBN
257:ISBN
236:help
196:ISBN
166:2014
124:ISBN
48:Cape
188:doi
378::
298:^
227::
225:}}
221:{{
204:,
194:,
174:^
138:^
106:^
352:.
322:.
292:.
265:.
238:)
234:(
190::
168:.
132:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.