404:
Pemon was an oral language until the 20th century. Then efforts were made to produce dictionaries and grammars, primarily by
Catholic missionaries, specially Armellada and Gutiérrez Salazar. The Latin alphabet has been used, adding diacritic signs to represent some phonemes not existing in Spanish.
218:
376:) terms are also used locally as a common ethnonym grouping Pemón, Akawaio, and Patamono peoples (and sometimes as well the Macushi people), and may be used as well to refer to the group of the four Pemongan (or
223:
222:
219:
224:
1996:
221:
1189:
1025:
1614:
887:
220:
1991:
652:
839:
1182:
241:
683:
521:
There are still texts only using
Spanish characters, without distinguishing between pairs such as /o/ and /ɤ/. Diphthong sounds are .
1018:
985:
1986:
1607:
1175:
478:
856:
485:
937:
1560:
457:
1156:
1011:
603:
492:
393:
389:
204:
309:
may be a distinct language). The Pemon language may also be known and designated informally by one of the two dialects
450:
1947:
1711:
1600:
676:
574:
567:
509:
1681:
1796:
1581:
1347:
905:
464:
348:, also sometimes used by natives to name the Pemon language itself, even if Kapon strictly covers only the two
585:
1296:
1198:
1151:
1697:
1553:
664:
628:
621:
253:
1927:
1909:
1846:
1835:
1774:
1631:
1372:
1130:
836:
1934:
1903:
1866:
1791:
1729:
1704:
1639:
1469:
1433:
1034:
593:
336:
Pemon is one of several other closely related
Venezuelan Cariban languages which also include the
1857:
1666:
1506:
1461:
1410:
1387:
1271:
1266:
1243:
1212:
1109:
964:
544:
1941:
1897:
1877:
1753:
1651:
1516:
1337:
1256:
1094:
1064:
31:
1872:
1802:
1623:
1451:
1367:
1332:
1319:
1281:
1261:
1222:
1089:
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881:
549:
109:
1920:
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1829:
1758:
1686:
1645:
1495:
1423:
1395:
1362:
1342:
1309:
1304:
1276:
1084:
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539:
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337:
1840:
1763:
1691:
1675:
1656:
1565:
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1526:
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1474:
1441:
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1251:
1217:
1135:
1104:
1069:
843:
615:
554:
101:
1967:
1952:
1823:
1521:
1511:
1490:
1446:
1418:
1377:
1327:
1286:
1114:
1079:
642:
561:
472:
153:
196:
1980:
1736:
432:
356:
languages). These four languages (including
Macushi) form the group of Pemongan (or
1400:
863:
160:
82:
17:
955:
Edwards, Walter F. (1978). "A Preliminary Sketch of
Arekuna (Carib) Phonology".
444:
427:
293:
209:
820:
815:
500:
437:
228:
Lino
Figueroa, a Pemon, author of Makunaima, demonstrating the Pemon Language.
942:
932:
333:
which normally designates another closely related small group of languages.
249:
189:
173:
64:
180:
1167:
353:
968:
257:
1003:
261:
72:
68:
1592:
341:
245:
216:
1596:
1171:
1007:
980:(in Spanish). Caracas: Universidad Católica Andrés Bello.
999:(in Spanish). Caracas: Universidad Católica Andrés Bello.
1997:
Indigenous languages of the South
American Northwest
1890:
1856:
1816:
1784:
1746:
1721:
1665:
1630:
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1539:
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1460:
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1242:
1233:
1205:
1144:
1123:
1057:
1041:
203:
187:
171:
166:
150:
138:
98:
88:
78:
60:
39:
1608:
1183:
1019:
957:International Journal of American Linguistics
8:
997:Gramática de la lengua pemón (morfosintaxis)
943:General information about the Pemon language
244:of the Cariban family spoken by some 30,000
995:de Armellada, Cesáreo; Olza, Jesús (1999).
1853:
1743:
1615:
1601:
1593:
1239:
1190:
1176:
1168:
1026:
1012:
1004:
36:
702:
528:
420:
418:Arekuna Pemon has the following vowels:
917:
901:
808:
978:Gramática didáctica de la lengua pemón
886:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
879:
267:It covers several dialects, including
137:
7:
388:The Pemon language's syntax type is
27:Cariban language spoken in Venezuela
976:Gutiérrez Salazar, Mariano (2001).
252:'s Southeast, particularly in the
25:
682:
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651:
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620:
602:
584:
573:
566:
508:
491:
484:
477:
463:
456:
449:
329:), or incorrectly under the name
1992:Indigenous topics of the Guianas
933:Introducción al pemón (Spanish)
904:p. 224 uses the symbol ɵ for a
692:Allophones of /s n k j/ are .
1:
380:) languages that they speak.
1157:South Rupununi Sign Language
837:La Transitividad en Japrería
2013:
29:
1961:
892:Guide for Pemon (Spanish)
49:
44:
1582:Venezuelan Sign Language
906:mid back unrounded vowel
30:Not to be confused with
826:(subscription required)
700:Pronouns in Pemon are:
360:) languages. The broad
260:State of Brazil and in
94:(6,000 cited 1990–2006)
1987:Languages of Venezuela
1199:Languages of Venezuela
1152:Guyanese Sign Language
229:
254:Canaima National Park
227:
1131:Caribbean Hindustani
1058:Indigenous languages
938:Pemon for travellers
392:with alternation to
1035:Languages of Guyana
242:indigenous language
240:in Spanish), is an
842:2011-07-21 at the
230:
1974:
1973:
1968:extinct languages
1886:
1885:
1812:
1811:
1624:Cariban languages
1590:
1589:
1535:
1534:
1206:Official language
1165:
1164:
1042:Official language
824:(18th ed., 2015)
800:
799:
690:
689:
519:
518:
225:
215:
214:
18:Ingariko language
16:(Redirected from
2004:
1854:
1744:
1722:Venezuelan Carib
1617:
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1169:
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991:
972:
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909:
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893:
891:
885:
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862:. Archived from
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853:
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834:
828:
827:
813:
703:
686:
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655:
631:
624:
606:
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421:
368:) and selective
226:
199:
183:
176:
156:
114:Venezuelan Carib
104:
37:
21:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2006:
2005:
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2002:
2001:
1977:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1957:
1948:Waimirí Atroarí
1882:
1852:
1808:
1797:Mapoyo-Yawarana
1785:Mapoyo–Tamanaku
1780:
1742:
1717:
1661:
1626:
1621:
1591:
1586:
1570:
1541:
1531:
1479:
1456:
1428:
1405:
1382:
1348:Mapoyo-Yabarana
1314:
1291:
1235:
1229:
1201:
1196:
1166:
1161:
1140:
1136:Guyanese Creole
1124:Other languages
1119:
1053:
1037:
1032:
994:
988:
975:
954:
951:
929:
924:
923:
916:
912:
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896:
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859:
857:"Archived copy"
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854:
850:
844:Wayback Machine
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805:
698:
527:
416:
411:
402:
386:
217:
195:
179:
172:
157:
152:
134:
105:
102:Language family
100:
91:
90:Native speakers
35:
32:Pémono language
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1999:
1994:
1989:
1979:
1978:
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1576:
1575:Sign languages
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1197:
1195:
1194:
1187:
1180:
1172:
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1159:
1154:
1148:
1146:
1145:Sign languages
1142:
1141:
1139:
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1127:
1125:
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1112:
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963:(3): 223–227.
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927:External links
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234:Pemon language
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167:Language codes
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154:Writing system
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61:Native to
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3:
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1817:Guianan Carib
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1747:Pemóng–Panare
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1554:Colonia Tovar
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987:980-244-282-8
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869:on 2009-01-17
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740:muere, mesere
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117:Pemóng–Panare
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93:
87:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
66:
63:
59:
56:
52:
48:
43:
38:
33:
19:
1963:
1940:
1933:
1926:
1919:
1902:
1891:Unclassified
1865:
1845:
1828:
1801:
1773:
1768:
1735:
1728:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1674:
1644:
1503:(Maku-Auari)
1357:
1297:Arutani-Sape
1099:
996:
977:
960:
956:
918:Edwards 1978
913:
902:Edwards 1978
897:
871:. Retrieved
864:the original
851:
832:
819:
811:
794:
789:
781:
776:
771:(exclusive)
768:
763:
756:
751:
744:
739:
731:
726:
719:
714:
699:
691:
520:
417:
403:
387:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
345:
335:
330:
326:
322:
317:
316:
311:
310:
306:
302:
298:
292:
288:
284:
280:
275:
274:
269:
268:
266:
237:
233:
231:
188:
123:
54:
50:
1928:Paravilyana
734:(singular)
665:Approximant
248:people, in
1981:Categories
1935:Pawishiana
1730:Tiverikoto
1705:Pimenteira
1640:Hixkaryana
1632:Parukotoan
1540:Non-Native
1234:Indigenous
949:Literature
873:2009-01-17
821:Ethnologue
803:References
795:they, them
777:amärenokon
525:Consonants
307:Camaracoto
285:Camaracoto
281:Camaracota
144:Camaracoto
1966:indicate
1646:Katxúyana
1542:languages
1507:Nheengatu
1434:Jirajaran
1272:Paraujano
1267:Mandawaca
1236:languages
1223:Maracucho
1110:Wapishana
790:ichamonan
784:(plural)
594:Fricative
409:Phonology
299:Taulipang
256:, in the
250:Venezuela
190:Glottolog
174:ISO 639-3
79:Ethnicity
65:Venezuela
1910:Japréria
1873:Karihona
1858:Taranoan
1847:Wayumara
1836:Ye'kuana
1824:Kari'nja
1803:Tamanaku
1775:Purukotó
1667:Pekodian
1462:Timotean
1452:Jirajara
1411:Guahiban
1388:Chibchan
1373:Ye'kuana
1368:Tamanaku
1333:Japreria
1282:Warekena
1262:Caquetio
1244:Arawakan
1095:Patamona
1090:Mapidian
882:cite web
840:Archived
709:English
643:Tap/Flap
545:Alveolar
473:Open-mid
384:Typology
374:Ingarikó
370:Ingariko
354:Patamona
327:Ingarikó
323:Ingariko
303:Taurepan
294:Ingarikó
289:Ingariko
197:pemo1248
139:Dialects
51:Ingarikó
1964:Italics
1915:Kuikuro
1904:Boanarí
1867:Akuriyo
1830:Palmela
1759:Makushi
1687:Bakairí
1561:Italian
1470:Mucuchí
1424:Guahibo
1363:Sikiana
1343:Macushi
1320:Cariban
1305:Arutani
1277:Piapoco
1218:Llanero
1213:Spanish
1085:Macushi
1075:Atorada
1065:Akawaio
1049:English
969:1264946
745:he, she
696:Grammar
550:Palatal
515:
433:Central
400:Writing
350:Akawaio
338:Macushi
318:Arekuna
312:Arecuna
276:Arekuna
270:Arecuna
258:Roraima
110:Cariban
45:Arecuna
1942:Sapará
1898:Apalaí
1878:Tiriyo
1841:Wayana
1792:Kumaná
1764:Panare
1754:Kapóng
1712:Yarumá
1692:Ikpéng
1676:Apingi
1657:Waiwai
1652:Salumá
1566:Romani
1549:German
1527:Yaruro
1517:Sanumá
1501:Jukude
1475:Timote
1442:Ayoman
1353:Panare
1338:Kapóng
1257:Baniwa
1252:Arawak
1105:Waiwai
1070:Arawak
984:
967:
752:urekon
706:Pemon
540:Dental
535:Labial
505:
424:
414:Vowels
378:Pemóng
366:Kapong
358:Pemóng
346:Kapong
301:, and
262:Guyana
120:Pemóng
73:Guyana
69:Brazil
1953:Yukpa
1769:Pemón
1682:Arara
1522:Warao
1512:Ninam
1491:Betoi
1484:Other
1447:Gayon
1419:Cuiba
1378:Yukpa
1358:Pemon
1328:Carib
1287:Wayuu
1115:Warao
1100:Pemon
1080:Carib
965:JSTOR
867:(PDF)
860:(PDF)
816:Pemon
727:amäre
720:I, me
616:Nasal
555:Velar
445:Close
428:Front
362:Kapon
342:Kapon
331:Kapon
321:) or
246:Pemon
238:Pemón
210:Pemón
161:Latin
124:Pemon
83:Pemon
55:Kapon
40:Pemon
1921:Opón
1737:Yaio
1698:Juma
1496:Hodï
1396:Barí
1310:Sapé
982:ISBN
888:link
715:yuré
562:Stop
501:Open
438:Back
372:(or
364:(or
352:and
344:(or
340:and
325:(or
315:(or
291:(or
273:(or
236:(or
232:The
1401:Uwa
818:at
782:you
764:ina
732:you
394:OVS
390:SOV
297:),
279:),
205:ELP
181:aoc
1983::
961:44
959:.
884:}}
880:{{
769:we
757:we
396:.
287:,
283:,
264:.
71:,
67:,
53:,
1616:e
1609:t
1602:v
1191:e
1184:t
1177:v
1027:e
1020:t
1013:v
990:.
971:.
908:.
890:)
876:.
846:.
684:w
677:j
653:ɾ
629:n
622:m
604:s
586:k
575:t
568:p
510:a
493:o
486:ɤ
479:e
465:u
458:ɨ
451:i
305:(
34:.
20:)
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