425:- NIBRS collects information about offenses known to and arrests made by law enforcement officers in the U.S. While the FBI began collecting NIBRS-format data in 1989, the NIBRS data collection program ran concurrently with the traditional SRS for many years. As of January 1, 2021, NIBRS is the sole FBI data collection program used for crime data. NIBRS-format data is reported at the incident-level rather than in totals per months (as the SRS was). For each incident, agencies are asked to report information about the crime victim(s), the offender(s), their relationship to each other, and the value of any property stolen, lost, damaged, etc. during the incident.
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444:- As part of the SRS program, agencies were also asked to submit detailed information about each homicide incident that occurred in their jurisdiction through the SHR. This information included the date, location, and circumstances of the killing, the method used to kill, and demographic characteristics of the homicide victim and the offender. In addition, the Supplementary Homicide Reports included data about incidents of justifiable homicide, that is, non-crime incidents
511:
522:
36:
1944:
348:
serve as the national clearinghouse for the data collected, and the FBI assumed responsibility for managing the UCR Program in
September 1930. In the July 1930 issue of the crime report the IACP announced the FBI's takeover of the program. While the IACP discontinued oversight of the program, they continued to advise the FBI on how to better the UCR.
283:(SSRC) throughout the 1920s to create a uniform national set of crime statistics, reliable for analysis. In 1927, the IACP created the Committee on Uniform Crime Reporting to determine statistics for national comparisons. The committee concluded that eight index crimes were fundamental to comparing crime rates across geographic locations:
1931:
criminal justice information services. In addition, the
Association of State UCR Programs (ASUCRP) focuses on UCR issues within individual state law enforcement associations and promotes interest in the UCR Program. These organizations foster widespread and responsible use of UCR statistics and assist data contributors when needed.
369:
offenses and information like the victim and offender's demographic characteristics, their relationship, and the location of the crime, and 3) quality assurance measures like routine audits, minimum reporting-system standards, increased feedback to and from local agencies, and strengthening of state-level UCR Programs.
347:
the ability to "acquire, collect, classify, and preserve identification, criminal identification, crime, and other records" and the ability to appoint officials to oversee this duty, including the subordinate members of the Bureau of
Investigation. The Attorney General, in turn, designated the FBI to
1897:
was included in UCR reporting as one of the violent index crimes. As of 1958 annual report, it was no longer included in reporting about the index crimes, although the FBI continued to request information about the total number of negligent homicide offenses known to law enforcement agencies as part
1851:
Crimes were included in the index based on their relative seriousness, their tendency to be reported more reliably than other crime types, and that reports for them are generally taken directly by the police and not a separate agency which aggregates the data and does not necessarily contribute to
368:
release in May 1985, detailing the necessary revisions. The key recommendations made by the report were 1) a move to requesting data on each individual offense rather than monthly totals, 2) a move to requesting more detailed data about crime incidents including more specific data used to classify
1930:
In 1988, a Data
Providers' Advisory Policy Board was established to provide input for UCR matters. The Board operated until 1993 when it combined with the National Crime Information Center Advisory Policy Board to form a single Advisory Policy Board (APB) to address all issues regarding the FBI's
1834:
The UCR program's traditional
Summary Reporting System (SRS) was in use from 1930 to 2020. As of January 1, 2021, the SRS has been discontinued and been fully replaced by the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). In the SRS, criminal offenses were divided into two major groups: Part I
1847:
which were reported to the FBI via a document named "Return A – Monthly Return of
Offenses Known to the Police." Agencies were asked to report each month the total number of index crimes reported to them (or that they otherwise came to know about) regardless of whether an arrest was made.
351:
Since 1935, the FBI served as a data clearinghouse, organizing, collecting, and disseminating information voluntarily submitted by local, state, federal and tribal law enforcement agencies. The UCR remained the primary tool for collection and analysis of data for the next half century.
1939:
The UCR itself warns that it reflects crime reports by police, not later adjudication. Because reporting quality, arrest likelihood, officers per capita, and funding vary by jurisdiction, the data should not be used to compare crime rates or frequencies between reporting agencies.
1906:
In Part II, the following categories were tracked: simple assault, curfew offenses and loitering, embezzlement, forgery and counterfeiting, disorderly conduct, driving under the influence, drug offenses, fraud, gambling, liquor offenses, offenses against the family, prostitution,
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The early program was managed by the IACP and published through a monthly report. The first report in
January 1930 reported data from 400 cities throughout 43 states, covering more than 20 million individuals, approximately twenty percent of the total U.S. population at the time.
412:
The UCR Program has published data on crime in the United States since 1930. In addition, the UCR Program has published more specific reports based on its primary data collection efforts and overseen other data collection efforts related to crime and law enforcement in the U.S.
376:(NIBRS). The FBI began accepting data in the new NIBRS format in January, 1989. For many years, the FBI collected UCR data in both the NIBRS and traditional Summary Reporting System (SRS) formats. In 2015, in consultation with the their law enforcement partners and the
534:
Under the
National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS), offenses are classified as Group A or Group B offenses. Additionally, Group A offenses can fall into one of three sub-categories: crimes against persons, crimes against property, or crimes against society.
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Agencies are asked to fill out an incident report for every Group A offense reported to them (or that they otherwise come to know about), regardless of whether an arrest was made. NIBRS's Group A therefore replaces and expands on the SRS's Part I offenses.
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Each month, law enforcement agencies report the number of known index crimes in their jurisdiction to the FBI. This mainly includes crimes reported to the police by the general public, but may also include crimes that
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1 Federal and tribal law enforcement agencies report sodomy and sexual assault with an object separately from rape. Other law enforcement agencies report offenses of this type under the offense label of
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2504:
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2514:
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1911:, runaways, sex offenses, stolen property, vandalism, vagrancy, and weapons offenses. Agencies were asked to report each month the total number of arrests made for all Part I and Part II offenses.
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380:(CJIS) Advisory Policy Board, the FBI announced that it would be retiring the SRS format. As of January 1, 2021, the SRS has been discontinued and been fully replaced by (NIBRS).
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The
Uniform Crime Reporting program began in 1929, and since then has become an important source of crime information for law enforcement, policymakers, scholars, and the media.
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431:- The SRS collected information about offenses known to and arrests made by law enforcement officers in the U.S. The SRS data collection program was in use from 1930 to 2020.
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1927:(NSA) serve in an advisory capacity to the UCR Program and encourage local police departments and sheriff's departments to participate fully in the program.
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Throughout the 1980s, a series of
National UCR Conferences were with members from the IACP, Department of Justice, including the FBI, and newly formed
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404:. While nationally reporting is not mandated, many states have instituted laws requiring law enforcement within those states to provide UCR data.
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364:(BJS). The purpose was to determine necessary system revisions and then implement them. The result of these conferences was the release of a
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1957:
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340:
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119:
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In 2003, FBI UCR data were compiled from more than 16,000 agencies, representing 93 percent of the population in 46 states and the
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72:
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683:
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Criminal Justice Information Services Division; Federal Bureau of Investigation; U.S. Department of Justice (June 30, 2023).
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1165:
344:
79:
57:
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244:(FBI). UCR is "a nationwide, cooperative statistical effort of nearly 18,000 city, university and college, county, state,
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361:
86:
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245:
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passed in 1990, the UCR began collecting additional information about hate crimes reported through the SRS and NIBRS.
2065:. (PDF). Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Department of Justice. Washington, D.C.. Retrieved on 30 March 2008.
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of Return A until 1985. So, from 1958 to 1985, negligent manslaughter was a Part I offense but not an index crime.
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68:
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was not initially included as one of the Part I index crimes. It was added in 1979 by a congressional directive.
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and arrest totals for all crime types broken down by age, sex, race, and (starting in 2013) Hispanic-origin.
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The intention of the IACP in developing the UCR program was always to have its management transferred to the
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discover, and known through other sources. Law enforcement agencies also report the number of crime cases
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1405:
571:
336:
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248:, and federal law enforcement agencies voluntarily reporting data on crimes brought to their attention".
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2230:. U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics. Washington, D.C. Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
603:
445:
401:
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987:
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93:
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U.S. Department of Justice; Bureau of Justice Statistics; Federal Bureau of Investigation (1985).
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1341:
1261:
587:
288:
2325:. Center for Applied Social Research, National Institute of Justice, U.S. Department of Justice.
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2085:
Blueprint for the Future of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program: Final Report of the UCR Study
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were classified as violent crimes and used to create an overall "violent crime index" while
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were classified as property crimes and used to create an overall "property crime index."
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Agencies only submit information to the FBI about Group B offenses if an arrest is made.
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the UCR. The index crimes were broken into two categories: violent and property crimes.
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across the United States provide the data to the FBI, which then compiles the Reports.
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315:. (From 1930 to 1957, negligent manslaughter was included as an index crime. In 1979,
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1982:
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859:
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Crime statistics are compiled from UCR data and published annually by the FBI in the
151:
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Violent and Property Crime Indexes per 100,000 population, 2004 Uniform Crime Report
2025:
United States Department of Justice; Federal Bureau of Investigation (2003-06-19).
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1071:
875:
651:
2207:. Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Department of Justice. Washington, D.C..
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Uniform Crime Reports (United States): Supplementary Homicide Reports, 1976-1983
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1035:
891:
521:
35:
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U.S. Department of Justice; Federal Bureau of Investigation (August 5, 1990).
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1943:
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In Part I, the UCR indexed reported incidents of major crimes, referred to as
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Understanding crime statistics: revisiting the divergence of the NCVS and UCR
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United States: Uniform Crime Report – State Statistics from 1960 to 2005
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Officer Survival Spotlight - Officer Perception and Assault Prevention
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Federal Bureau of Investigation; U.S. Department of Justice (2004).
2374:
Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program Data: A Practitioner's Guide
2286:"Crime in the United States 2013: Table 43: Arrests by Race, 2013"
2264:"Crime in the United States 2012: Table 43: Arrests by Race, 2012"
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520:
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Executive Office for Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forces
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would be added as an index crime by a congressional directive.)
2361:. Cambridge studies in criminology. Cambridge University Press.
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Formation by the IACP & SSRC and Initial Reports (1927-1930)
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Blueprint for the Future of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program
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law enforcement kills someone while acting in the line of duty
434:
SRS-format data included monthly offense totals for the eight
29:
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Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research
435:
2006:
Lawrence Rosen, "The Creation of the Uniform Crime Report",
27:
Federal Bureau of Investigation program in the United States
2248:
2023.0 National Incident-Based Reporting System User Manual
1919:
The Criminal Justice Information Systems Committees of the
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INTERPOL Washington--United States National Central Bureau
2027:"Uniform Crime Reports [United States], 1930-1959"
372:
These recommendations were implemented in the form of the
255:
series. The FBI does not collect the data itself. Rather,
2675:
Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States
2139:
Christman, Michael A.; Piquero, Alexis R. (2022-10-05).
2373:
2108:
Crime in the United States: Uniform Crime Reports, 1989
446:
when a private citizen kills someone committing a crime
2621:
Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General
490:
Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted (LEOKA)
452:. This information is now collected as part of NIBRS.
2145:
U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs
1947:
Comparing arrests, reports and unknown violent crime
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Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
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335:(FBI). Through IACP lobbying, on June 11, 1930 the
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134:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2171:"National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS)"
2825:United States Department of Justice publications
2462:Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building
1983:"Summary of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program"
423:National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS)
2820:Law enforcement databases in the United States
2667:Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
193:Criminal Justice Information Services Division
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2357:Lynch, J. P., & Addington, L. A. (2007).
1921:International Association of Chiefs of Police
277:International Association of Chiefs of Police
8:
2585:Executive Office for United States Attorneys
2705:Executive Office for United States Trustees
2576:Professional Responsibility Advisory Office
956:Theft of Motor Vehicle Parts or Accessories
275:The UCR Program was based upon work by the
2760:Environment and Natural Resources Division
2695:Environment and Natural Resources Division
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2426:
2418:
2343:(Report). Federal Bureau of Investigation.
2319:Fox, James Alan; Pierce, Glenn L. (1987).
2141:"New and Better Crime Data for the Nation"
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1150:Credit Card/Automatic Teller Machine Fraud
924:Theft from Coin-Operated Machine or Device
546:
2334:
2332:
1678:Violation of National Firearm Act of 1934
1052:Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of Property
500:The National Use-of-Force Data Collection
327:Transition to Oversight by the FBI (1930)
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
2840:1930 establishments in the United States
1839:Part I Offenses (Offenses & Arrests)
1406:Harboring Escapee/Concealing from Arrest
1056:Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of Property
374:National Incident-Based Reporting System
2554:Executive Office for Immigration Review
2394:Uniform Crime Report Statistics Graphed
1974:
495:Law Enforcement Suicide Data Collection
343:§ 534, which granted the office of the
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1470:Operating/Promoting/Assisting Gambling
131:
2569:Office of Professional Responsibility
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1854:Murder and non-negligent manslaughter
1748:Curfew/Loitering/Vagrancy Violations
764:Failure to Register as a Sex Offender
378:Criminal Justice Information Services
285:murder and non-negligent manslaughter
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1518:Illegal Entry into the United States
442:Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR)
356:Development of NIBRS (1980s-present)
58:adding citations to reliable sources
2449:United States Department of Justice
1958:National Crime Victimization Survey
1614:Assisting or Promoting Prostitution
25:
2539:National Institute of Corrections
2339:Uniform Crime Reporting Program.
2284:Federal Bureau of Investigation.
2262:Federal Bureau of Investigation.
2169:Federal Bureau of Investigation.
2845:Publications established in 1930
2835:Academic works about criminology
2662:Office on Violence Against Women
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2590:United States Attorneys' Offices
2399:Uniform Crime Reporting Handbook
2388:Uniform Crime Reports, all years
2341:UCR Statistics: Their Proper Use
2302:Uniform Crime Reporting Handbook
1963:Uniform Crime Reporting Handbook
1107:Stolen Property Offenses (e.g.,
539:Group A (Offenses & Arrests)
484:Law Enforcement Data Collections
408:Data Collection and Publications
34:
2600:United States Parole Commission
2530:Federal Bureau of Investigation
2525:Drug Enforcement Administration
2063:Crime in the United States 2000
1902:Part II Offenses (Arrests Only)
1835:offenses and Part II offenses.
1374:Drug/Narcotic Equip. Violations
333:Federal Bureau of Investigation
281:Social Science Research Council
242:Federal Bureau of Investigation
164:Federal Bureau of Investigation
45:needs additional citations for
2549:United States Marshals Service
1925:National Sheriffs' Association
429:Summary Reporting System (SRS)
1:
2785:Office of Legislative Affairs
2614:Office of Legislative Affairs
2564:Office of the Pardon Attorney
2124:: CS1 maint: date and year (
1578:Pornography/Obscene Material
700:Sexual Assault with An Object
2714:Office for Access to Justice
2671:Office of Information Policy
2558:Board of Immigration Appeals
1788:Federal Resource Violations
1780:Family Offenses, Nonviolent
1764:Driving Under the Influence
1582:Pornography/Obscene Material
362:Bureau of Justice Statistics
339:passed legislation enacting
2765:Justice Management Division
2710:Community Relations Service
2505:Justice Management Division
2221:UCR and NIBRS Participation
2010:19:2 (Summer 1995):215–238.
1694:Weapons of Mass Destruction
1438:Flight to Avoid Deportation
1422:Flight to Avoid Prosecution
2861:
2790:Office of Justice Programs
2755:National Security Division
2657:Office of Justice Programs
2515:National Security Division
2211:. Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
2205:Frequently Asked Questions
2190:: CS1 maint: url-status (
2043:: CS1 maint: url-status (
1812:Trespass of Real Property
1566:Re-entry after Deportation
1486:Gambling Equip. Violations
572:Non-Negligent Manslaughter
417:Crime in the United States
253:Crime in the United States
238:crime in the United States
236:compiles official data on
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2543:Federal Prison Industries
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1370:Drug/Narcotic Violations
1354:Drug/Narcotic Violations
1230:Hacking/Computer Invasion
1104:Stolen Property Offenses
462:Hate Crime Statistics Act
211:
184:Collection and publishing
2626:Special Counsel's Office
2617:Office of Public Affairs
2573:Office of Tribal Justice
1807:Federal and Tribal Only
1791:Federal and Tribal Only
1775:Federal and Tribal Only
1717:Federal and Tribal Only
1701:Federal and Tribal Only
1685:Federal and Tribal Only
1573:Federal and Tribal Only
1557:Federal and Tribal Only
1541:Federal and Tribal Only
1525:Federal and Tribal Only
1445:Federal and Tribal Only
1429:Federal and Tribal Only
1413:Federal and Tribal Only
1358:Drug/Narcotic Violations
1349:Federal and Tribal Only
1333:Federal and Tribal Only
1326:Federal Tobacco Offenses
1317:Federal and Tribal Only
1301:Federal and Tribal Only
1285:Federal and Tribal Only
1134:Swindle/Confidence Games
940:Theft from Motor Vehicle
707:Federal and Tribal Only
691:Federal and Tribal Only
257:law enforcement agencies
2775:Office of Legal Counsel
2605:Office of Legal Counsel
2483:Deputy Attorney General
1630:Purchasing Prostitution
1562:Immigration Violations
1546:Immigration Violations
1530:Immigration Violations
1514:Immigration Violations
1310:Federal Liquor Offenses
1032:Counterfeiting/Forgery
226:Uniform Crime Reporting
135:Uniform Crime Reporting
69:"Uniform Crime Reports"
2780:Office of Legal Policy
2610:Office of Legal Policy
2008:Social Science History
1948:
1895:negligent manslaughter
1796:Liquor Law Violations
1730:Group B (Arrests Only)
1706:Weapon Law Violations
1690:Weapon Law Violations
1674:Weapon Law Violations
1658:Weapon Law Violations
1626:Prostitution Offenses
1610:Prostitution Offenses
1594:Prostitution Offenses
588:Negligent Manslaughter
526:
518:
337:United States Congress
289:negligent manslaughter
2745:Civil Rights Division
2690:Civil Rights Division
2371:Kaplan, Jacob. 2021.
2209:Uniform Crime Reports
1946:
1662:Weapon Law Violations
808:Kidnapping/Abduction
796:Involuntary Servitude
524:
513:
458:Hate Crime Statistics
1342:Wildlife Trafficking
1338:Commerce Violations
1322:Commerce Violations
1306:Commerce Violations
1290:Commerce Violations
1274:Commerce Violations
1084:Extortion/Blackmail
984:Motor Vehicle Theft
812:Kidnapping/Abduction
604:Justifiable Homicide
506:UCR crime categories
402:District of Columbia
54:improve this article
1893:From 1930 to 1957,
1878:motor vehicle theft
1820:All Other Offenses
1756:Disorderly Conduct
988:Motor Vehicle Theft
908:Theft from Building
780:Commercial Sex Acts
313:motor vehicle theft
240:, published by the
2735:Antitrust Division
2680:Antitrust Division
2226:2006-04-25 at the
1949:
1909:public drunkenness
1866:aggravated assault
1772:Failure to Appear
1498:Gambling Offenses
1482:Gambling Offenses
1466:Gambling Offenses
1450:Gambling Offenses
1434:Fugitive Offenses
1418:Fugitive Offenses
1402:Fugitive Offenses
792:Human Trafficking
776:Human Trafficking
620:Aggravated Assault
527:
519:
517:Crime Clock – 2014
473:Federal Crime Data
301:aggravated assault
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2801:Solicitor General
2750:Criminal Division
2535:Bureau of Prisons
2510:Criminal Division
2069:on 14 April 2010.
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1534:False Citizenship
1294:Export Violations
1278:Import Violations
972:All Other Larceny
840:Burglary/B&E
550:Offense Category
478:Human Trafficking
460:- As part of the
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1550:Smuggling Aliens
1502:Sports Tampering
1454:Betting/Wagering
1246:Money Laundering
844:Burglary/B&E
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530:NIBRS Categories
345:Attorney General
218:
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215:Official website
174:Crime statistics
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2014:
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1992:
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1937:
1923:(IACP) and the
1917:
1915:Advisory groups
1904:
1845:"index crimes,"
1841:
1832:
1732:
1258:Animal Cruelty
1130:False Pretenses
876:Purse Snatching
541:
532:
508:
486:
419:
410:
391:police officers
386:
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329:
279:(IACP) and the
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39:
28:
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2697:
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1280:
1275:
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1267:
1264:
1262:Animal Cruelty
1259:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1227:
1223:
1222:
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1214:Identity Theft
1211:
1207:
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1195:
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1187:
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1036:Counterfeiting
1033:
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1017:
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968:Larceny/Theft
965:
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961:
958:
953:
952:Larceny/Theft
949:
948:
945:
942:
937:
936:Larceny/Theft
933:
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926:
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920:Larceny/Theft
917:
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901:
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869:
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860:Pocket Picking
857:
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849:
846:
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837:
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821:
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748:Statutory Rape
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729:
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636:Simple Assault
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143:1929 - present
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2269:September 23,
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1874:larceny-theft
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1858:forcible rape
1855:
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1397:All Agencies
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1201:
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1189:All Agencies
1188:
1185:
1183:
1182:Welfare Fraud
1180:
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1176:
1173:All Agencies
1172:
1169:
1167:
1166:Impersonation
1164:
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1157:All Agencies
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1128:
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1124:
1121:All Agencies
1120:
1117:
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1110:
1106:
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1068:Embezzlement
1067:
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1047:All Agencies
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760:Sex Offenses
759:
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743:
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738:
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730:
728:Sex Offenses
727:
726:
723:All Agencies
722:
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712:Sex Offenses
711:
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701:
698:
696:Sex Offenses
695:
694:
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679:
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674:
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669:
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663:
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309:larceny-theft
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152:United States
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110:November 2018
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43:This article
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2770:Tax Division
2700:Tax Division
2460:
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1989:. 1987-09-30
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1842:
1833:
1743:Reported By
1733:
1722:
1598:Prostitution
1072:Embezzlement
652:Intimidation
608:Not a Crime
559:Reported By
542:
533:
499:
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489:
477:
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441:
436:index crimes
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199:Abbreviation
189:Part of
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2479:Lisa Monaco
1935:Limitations
892:Shoplifting
556:Crime Type
468:Cargo Theft
18:Index crime
2814:Categories
2390:(official)
2150:2024-09-18
1993:2012-12-30
1969:References
1710:Explosives
1386:Espionage
1198:Wire Fraud
1113:possessing
80:newspapers
2725:Attorneys
2723:Assistant
2645:Associate
2120:cite book
1390:Espionage
1234:Property
1218:Property
1202:Property
1186:Property
1170:Property
1154:Property
1138:Property
1118:Property
1096:Property
1092:Blackmail
1088:Extortion
1076:Property
1060:Property
1044:Property
1024:Property
1008:Property
992:Property
976:Property
960:Property
944:Property
928:Property
912:Property
896:Property
880:Property
864:Property
848:Property
832:Property
600:Homicide
584:Homicide
564:Homicide
341:28 U.S.C.
2647:Attorney
2495:Attorney
2224:Archived
2186:cite web
2067:Archived
2039:cite web
1952:See also
1870:burglary
1804:Perjury
1740:Offense
1714:Society
1698:Society
1682:Society
1666:Society
1650:Society
1642:Treason
1634:Society
1618:Society
1602:Society
1586:Society
1570:Society
1554:Society
1538:Society
1522:Society
1506:Society
1490:Society
1474:Society
1458:Society
1442:Society
1426:Society
1410:Society
1394:Society
1378:Society
1362:Society
1346:Society
1330:Society
1314:Society
1298:Society
1282:Society
1266:Society
1250:Society
1016:Bribery
824:Robbery
816:Persons
800:Persons
784:Persons
768:Society
752:Persons
736:Persons
720:Persons
716:Fondling
704:Persons
688:Persons
672:Persons
656:Persons
648:Assault
640:Persons
632:Assault
624:Persons
616:Assault
592:Persons
576:Persons
553:Offense
448:or when
384:Coverage
305:burglary
2727:General
2649:General
2497:General
1987:fbi.gov
1862:robbery
1646:Treason
1109:selling
1040:Forgery
1020:Bribery
828:Robbery
395:cleared
297:robbery
266:History
234:program
207:Website
176:program
148:Country
94:scholar
2493:Deputy
2365:
1880:, and
1864:, and
1242:Fraud
1226:Fraud
1210:Fraud
1194:Fraud
1178:Fraud
1162:Fraud
1146:Fraud
1126:Fraud
1000:Arson
732:Incest
684:Sodomy
568:Murder
311:, and
246:tribal
159:Agency
140:Active
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2401:(FBI)
2306:(PDF)
2112:(PDF)
2089:(PDF)
1888:Arson
1882:arson
1725:rape.
1004:Arson
317:arson
101:JSTOR
87:books
2363:ISBN
2271:2024
2192:link
2178:2024
2126:link
2045:link
668:Rape
224:The
181:Role
170:Type
73:news
2413:FBI
515:FBI
230:UCR
202:UCR
56:by
2816::
2541:*
2481:,
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