627:
236:
1363:, Scroll.in, 19 March 2017: '"An area of some 5,000 acres of land in Narsahi-Susta area adjoining the Gandak river in West Champaran district has been encroached upon by Nepalese nationals....," is how the then Union Minister of External Affairs answered a question in the Lok Sabha in 2002. Shrestha, however, alleged that over 14,860 hectares of Nepali land in Susta has been encroached upon by India.'
63:
715:
52:
31:
1028:
On a local level, Indian and Nepali district officials meet regularly to discuss security challenges and other issues on their respective border portions. Such meetings are usually attended by
District Magistrates, local SSB representatives, customs chiefs from India including the Chief District
270:
with Nepal, by which both countries agreed to respect the territorial integrity of the other. Since then relations have largely been cordial, though a number of border disputes remain. There have also been occasional blockades on the border at times of tension, for example in 1987 and
278:
Communities living in India and Nepal close to the Indo-Nepal border have usually shared old, customary ties of kinship and resource access with communities across the border, such as along the western part of the Indo-Nepal border, in the
Mahakali valley.
1009:
The Nepal–India border is relatively peaceful. Nepali and Indian nationals do not need passports or visas to enter each other's countries, and tens of thousands of people cross the border every day for tourism and commerce.
1336:: "Kalapani, 35 square kilometres piece of land, is entangled in controversy since mid-1996, a few months after the ratification of the Mahakali treaty (with India on the harnessing of hydro-power) by Nepal's Parliament."
1488:
594:
Since there are no fences along the border, there are several smaller official and unofficial border crossings. Smaller official border crossings, known as Chhoti
Bhansar (Minor Customs) in the
1549:
1346:
1571:
1265:"Withering of traditional institutions? An institutional analysis of the decline of migratory pastoralism in the rangelands of the Kailash Sacred Landscape, western Himalayas"
784:
1501:
991:- mostly complete, except final and third phase (as of April 2022): 52 km out of total 68 km complete as of April 2022 while remaining is awaiting land acquisition.
1404:
267:
128:
1360:
1527:
324:
use for processing cargo customs and immigration entry for citizens of third countries. These are, from west to east subcategorised by the states of India:
1794:
1661:
1118:
Britain and Tibet 1765–1947: A Select
Annotated Bibliography of British Relations with Tibet and the Himalayan States Including Nepal, Sikkim and Bhutan
1176:
243:
The border region has historically existed at the edge of various Indian and Nepali kingdoms. It took its modern shape during the period of
1593:
223:
it turns to the south-east and proceeds in that direction overland, occasionally utilising various rivers and hill crests. North-west of
1442:
1615:
1126:
682:
969:
8 railway lines between India and Nepal either exist or they are under construction or planning as follows (listed east to west):
1838:
1383:
1085:
1853:
1787:
1654:
988:
1223:
994:
960:
744:
259:
it was forced to cede large areas of land to
Britain, effectively creating the modern India-Nepal boundary. Finding the
180:
1692:
1629:
1018:
1717:
1572:"IRCON invites tender for civil works at Biratnagar Station on Jogbani (India) to Biratnagar (Nepal) Railway Line"
1038:
1848:
1843:
1780:
1647:
1707:
307:, a 20-square-kilometre (7.7 sq mi)–140-square-kilometre (54 sq mi) area in Southern Nepal.
303:, a 35-square-kilometre (14 sq mi) area at the India–Nepal–China trijunction in North West Nepal, and
1746:
644:
224:
1697:
964:
1296:
Gupta, Alok Kumar (June–December 2009) , "The
Context of New-Nepal: Challenges and Opportunities for India",
1739:
748:
698:
434:
342:
1812:
1702:
1168:
1043:
350:
144:
168:
1417:
945:
611:
564:
402:
248:
1245:
1014:
941:
911:
702:
626:
520:
346:
272:
160:
204:
1712:
1550:"Jaynagar-Kurtha Railway brings modernization in Nepal's railway connection, says Nepal Minister"
1305:
997:- mostly complete, except 8 km long under construction section (as of April 2022): total 18.6 km.
852:
844:
824:
804:
788:
768:
735:
727:
666:
454:
410:
338:
300:
290:
252:
1316:
1122:
873:
828:
776:
384:
256:
188:
172:
93:
800:
247:
which began in the 17th century. During the late 18th century the Nepali kingdom launched an
1722:
1670:
1361:
As a river changed its course, a village on the India-Nepal border became disputed territory
1276:
915:
885:
881:
832:
812:
619:
500:
321:
184:
164:
1450:
1331:
1063:
902:
894:
877:
860:
820:
595:
474:
406:
363:
304:
294:
227:
the border turns to the north-east and proceeds overland to the eastern
Chinese tripoint.
235:
1760:
1263:
Pandey, Abhimanyu; Pradhan, Nawraj; Chaudhari, Swapnil; Ghate, Rucha (2 January 2017).
919:
756:
392:
216:
1093:
1832:
1142:
694:
560:
374:
244:
212:
1753:
1022:
1281:
1116:
1685:
1264:
772:
723:
640:
524:
511:
450:
359:
328:
176:
141:
118:
101:
263:
region difficult to manage, the
British returned parts of it to Nepal in 1816.
183:, the prevailing border was recognised as the international border between the
1489:
How poor rail connectivity is acting as a hindrance to India's Act East policy
478:
299:
There are two existing territorial disputes between India and Nepal, over the
1418:"India Nepal Trade Agreement. India-Nepal Foreign Treaty of Trade Agreement"
764:
731:
714:
670:
607:
547:
543:
539:
516:
494:
458:
388:
380:
208:
156:
1405:
10 Land
Customs Stations To Come Up In Bihar Along Indo-Nepal Border: Shah.
1017:
along with local police. The Nepali side of the border is regulated by the
30:
1025:. Often SSB (India) and APF (Nepal) perform joint patrols on the border.
808:
792:
686:
678:
657:
648:
615:
251:
drive, bringing them into conflict with the
British and resulting in the
200:
1309:
441:, Nepal (also known as the 'Gateway of Nepal'). ICP established in 2018.
898:
840:
578:
470:
438:
398:
334:
220:
215:
and then the Gangetic plain, initially overland and then utilising the
1502:"India- Nepal railway service: The projects, route, cost in 10 points"
1528:"Train services to restart on Jayanagar-Janakpur Dham-Kurtha section"
430:
266:
India gained independence in 1947, and three years later it signed a
1772:
1639:
1201:
937:
864:
856:
848:
752:
713:
625:
420:
260:
234:
152:
148:
114:
97:
68:
57:
1616:"Armed Police Force, SSB start joint patrolling on no man's land"
155:. The 1,751 km (1,088.02 mi) long border includes the
1776:
1643:
1029:
Officer (CDO), local APF, Police and custom chiefs from Nepal.
1594:"Construction work resumes on Katahari-Bathnaha railway line"
1143:"Treaty of Sagauli | British-Nepalese history [1816]"
1347:"Nepal objects to India-China trade pact via Lipu-Lekh Pass"
1000:
Kakarbhitta-New Jalpaiguri railway line - under planning:
320:
There are several major border crossings that the Indian
1443:"Department of Customs, Nepal - Custom Contact Offices"
598:, are as follows from west to east (by Indian state):
239:
Areas ceded by Nepal as part of the Treaty of Sugauli
1731:
1677:
1384:
India Bhutan in talks for establishing connectivity
973:
Babaganj-Nepalganj line - complete and operational:
124:
107:
87:
82:
74:
45:
40:
23:
1224:"Nepal PM Wants India to Lift Undeclared Blockade"
207:. It then proceeds to the south-west through the
1630:"Nepal-India border security meeting concludes"
1013:The Indian side of the border is regulated by
129:1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship
1788:
1655:
1349:. 9 June 2015 – via The Economic Times.
199:The border starts in the west at the western
8:
1795:
1781:
1773:
1662:
1648:
1640:
255:(1814–16). Nepal was defeated, and by the
29:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1280:
979:Barhani-Kapilvastu line - under planning:
1169:"India and Nepal Tackle Border Disputes"
976:Barhani-Kathmandu line - under planning:
1632:. The Himalayan Times. 16 October 2018.
1596:. The Kathmandu Post. 27 September 2021
1484:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1055:
985:Raxaul-Kathmandu line - under planning:
982:Nautanwa-Bhairwa line - under planning:
1618:. The Himalayan Times. 7 January 2019.
1326:
1325:
1314:
910:Bahadurganj (Baria) (Bairia bazar) in
656:Murtiha in Lakhimpur Kheri district -
20:
35:Map of Nepal, with India to the south
7:
1246:"R.I.P., India's Influence in Nepal"
1196:
1194:
1167:Stephen Groves (22 September 2014).
16:International boundary in South Asia
1491:, Economic Times, 20 October 2020.
1179:from the original on 29 March 2017
14:
481:, Nepal. ICP established in 2020.
413:, Nepal. ICP established in 2023.
395:, Nepal. ICP established in 2022.
353:, Nepal. ICP established in 2023.
147:running between the republics of
78:1,751 kilometres (1,088 mi)
61:
50:
1574:. Metro Rail News. 9 April 2021
1298:Indian Journal of Asian Affairs
1244:Arora, Vishal (November 2015).
1021:along with the local branch of
995:Jogbanu-Biratnagar railway line
927:Galgalia (Kishanganj district).
1086:"History of the Nepalese Army"
989:Jaynagar-Bardibas railway line
175:of 1816 between Nepal and the
1:
1407:, outlookindia, 16 sept 2023.
1282:10.1080/23251042.2016.1272179
461:in Mahottari District, Nepal.
1092:. Nepal Army. Archived from
322:Integrated Check Posts (ICP)
1530:. The Pioneer. 1 April 2022
1204:. Library of Congress. 1991
1115:Marshall, Julie G. (2005).
888:, Nepal (via Kosi barrage).
795:in Sarlahi District, Nepal.
718:Border gate at Bhitthamore.
1870:
1386:, newsdrum, 7 August 2023.
958:
953:Cross-border railway lines
581:(Dentam) - Panchami (Oyan)
288:
1808:
1015:Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB)
28:
1747:Macartney-MacDonald Line
1202:"Nepal: A Country Study"
1019:Armed Police Force (APF)
645:Lakhimpur Kheri district
407:Belahia, Siddharthanagar
1269:Environmental Sociology
1147:Encyclopedia Britannica
749:West Champaran district
699:Siddharthnagar district
630:Border gate at Sonauli.
435:East Champaran district
159:territories as well as
1552:. ANI. 22 October 2021
1044:Indo-Nepal Border Road
719:
631:
351:Sudurpashchim Province
240:
145:international boundary
1854:International borders
1678:International borders
1039:India–Nepal relations
717:
629:
245:British rule in India
238:
1453:on 25 September 2019
1066:. CIA World Factbook
946:Pashupatinagar, Ilam
612:Pithoragarh district
403:Maharajganj district
203:with China near the
169:border was delimited
1096:on 28 December 2017
965:China–Nepal railway
942:Darjeeling district
912:Kishanganj district
521:Darjeeling district
347:Kanchanpur District
181:Indian independence
161:Indo-Gangetic Plain
1839:India–Nepal border
1506:The Times of India
1447:www.customs.gov.np
845:Madhubani district
825:Madhubani district
805:Madhubani district
789:Sitamarhi district
769:Sitamarhi district
736:Mahottari District
728:Sitamarhi district
720:
683:Balrampur district
667:Shravasti district
632:
455:Sitamarhi district
411:Rupandehi District
339:Champawat district
301:Kalapani territory
291:Kalapani territory
253:Anglo-Nepalese War
241:
138:India–Nepal border
108:Current shape
24:India-Nepal border
1826:
1825:
1770:
1769:
1732:Demarcation lines
1324:External link in
829:Inarwa Phulbariya
777:Rautahat District
660:, Bardiya, Nepal.
590:Customs crossings
385:Bahraich district
268:friendship treaty
257:Treaty of Sugauli
189:Dominion of India
134:
133:
94:Treaty of Sugauli
1861:
1849:Borders of Nepal
1844:Borders of India
1803:Borders of Nepal
1797:
1790:
1783:
1774:
1671:Borders of India
1664:
1657:
1650:
1641:
1634:
1633:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1498:
1492:
1486:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1449:. Archived from
1439:
1433:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1422:www.eximguru.com
1414:
1408:
1402:
1387:
1381:
1364:
1357:
1351:
1350:
1343:
1337:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1327:|orig-year=
1322:
1320:
1312:
1293:
1287:
1286:
1284:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1198:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1090:nepalarmy.mil.np
1082:
1076:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1060:
961:Railway in Nepal
886:Sunsari District
833:Saptari District
813:Dhanusa District
665:Tal Baghaura in
620:Baitadi District
343:Dodhara Chandani
311:Border crossings
185:Kingdom of Nepal
165:the subcontinent
113:Independence of
67:
65:
64:
56:
54:
53:
33:
21:
1869:
1868:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1804:
1801:
1771:
1766:
1727:
1673:
1668:
1638:
1637:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1599:
1597:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1577:
1575:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1555:
1553:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1533:
1531:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1511:
1509:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1487:
1466:
1456:
1454:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1426:
1424:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1403:
1390:
1382:
1367:
1358:
1354:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1323:
1313:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1207:
1205:
1200:
1199:
1192:
1182:
1180:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1151:
1149:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1129:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1099:
1097:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1069:
1067:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1035:
1007:
1005:Border security
967:
955:
903:Morang District
895:Araria district
878:Supaul district
861:Siraha District
859:Mulcipality in
743:Valmiki Nagar (
596:Nepali language
592:
475:Araria district
364:Dasharathchanda
318:
313:
297:
295:Susta territory
289:Main articles:
285:
283:Border disputes
233:
219:. Just east of
197:
112:
92:
62:
60:
51:
49:
41:Characteristics
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1867:
1865:
1857:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1831:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1792:
1785:
1777:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1761:Radcliffe Line
1757:
1750:
1743:
1735:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1674:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1659:
1652:
1644:
1636:
1635:
1621:
1607:
1585:
1563:
1541:
1519:
1508:. 1 April 2022
1493:
1464:
1434:
1409:
1388:
1365:
1359:Nidhi Jamwal,
1352:
1338:
1304:(1/2): 57–73,
1288:
1255:
1236:
1215:
1190:
1159:
1134:
1127:
1107:
1077:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1034:
1031:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1001:
998:
992:
986:
983:
980:
977:
974:
954:
951:
950:
949:
929:
928:
924:
923:
920:Jhapa District
907:
906:
890:
889:
869:
868:
837:
836:
817:
816:
797:
796:
781:
780:
761:
760:
757:Parsa District
740:
739:
707:
706:
691:
690:
675:
674:
662:
661:
653:
652:
624:
623:
591:
588:
587:
586:
585:
584:
583:
582:
570:
569:
568:
567:
565:Pashupatinagar
555:
554:
553:
552:
551:
550:
531:
530:
529:
528:
508:
507:
506:
505:
504:
503:
497:
485:
484:
483:
482:
465:
464:
463:
462:
445:
444:
443:
442:
425:
424:
417:
416:
415:
414:
396:
393:Banke District
371:
370:
369:
368:
367:
366:
354:
317:
314:
312:
309:
284:
281:
232:
229:
217:Mahakali River
196:
193:
173:Sugauli treaty
167:. The current
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
111:15 August 1947
109:
105:
104:
89:
85:
84:
80:
79:
76:
72:
71:
47:
43:
42:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1866:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1807:
1798:
1793:
1791:
1786:
1784:
1779:
1778:
1775:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1749:
1748:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1730:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1665:
1660:
1658:
1653:
1651:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1631:
1625:
1622:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1595:
1589:
1586:
1573:
1567:
1564:
1551:
1545:
1542:
1529:
1523:
1520:
1507:
1503:
1497:
1494:
1490:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1438:
1435:
1423:
1419:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1356:
1353:
1348:
1342:
1339:
1333:
1318:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1292:
1289:
1283:
1278:
1275:(1): 87–100.
1274:
1270:
1266:
1259:
1256:
1251:
1247:
1240:
1237:
1225:
1219:
1216:
1203:
1197:
1195:
1191:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1163:
1160:
1148:
1144:
1138:
1135:
1130:
1128:9780415336475
1124:
1120:
1119:
1111:
1108:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1081:
1078:
1065:
1059:
1056:
1049:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1004:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
971:
970:
966:
962:
957:
952:
947:
943:
939:
936:
935:
934:
933:
926:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
891:
887:
883:
880:- Bhantabari-
879:
875:
872:Kunaolee (in
871:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
839:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
819:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
799:
798:
794:
790:
786:
783:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
763:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
745:Bhikhna Thori
742:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
722:
721:
716:
712:
711:
704:
700:
696:
695:Barhani Bazar
693:
692:
688:
684:
680:
677:
676:
672:
668:
664:
663:
659:
655:
654:
650:
646:
642:
639:
638:
637:
636:
635:Uttar Pradesh
628:
621:
617:
613:
609:
606:
605:
604:
603:
599:
597:
589:
580:
577:
576:
574:
573:
572:
571:
566:
562:
561:Sukhia Pokhri
559:
558:
557:
556:
549:
545:
541:
538:
537:
535:
534:
533:
532:
526:
522:
518:
515:
514:
513:
510:
509:
502:
498:
496:
492:
491:
489:
488:
487:
486:
480:
476:
472:
469:
468:
467:
466:
460:
456:
452:
449:
448:
447:
446:
440:
436:
432:
429:
428:
427:
426:
422:
419:
418:
412:
408:
404:
400:
397:
394:
390:
386:
382:
379:
378:
376:
375:Uttar Pradesh
373:
372:
365:
361:
358:
357:
355:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
333:
332:
330:
327:
326:
325:
323:
315:
310:
308:
306:
302:
296:
292:
287:
282:
280:
276:
274:
269:
264:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
237:
230:
228:
226:
222:
218:
214:
213:Sivalik Hills
210:
206:
202:
194:
192:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
143:
139:
130:
127:
123:
120:
116:
110:
106:
103:
99:
95:
90:
86:
81:
77:
73:
70:
59:
48:
44:
39:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1817:
1759:
1754:McMahon Line
1752:
1745:
1740:Johnson Line
1738:
1684:
1624:
1610:
1598:. Retrieved
1588:
1576:. Retrieved
1566:
1554:. Retrieved
1544:
1532:. Retrieved
1522:
1510:. Retrieved
1505:
1496:
1457:12 September
1455:. Retrieved
1451:the original
1446:
1437:
1427:12 September
1425:. Retrieved
1421:
1412:
1355:
1341:
1301:
1297:
1291:
1272:
1268:
1258:
1250:The Diplomat
1249:
1239:
1229:12 September
1227:. Retrieved
1218:
1208:23 September
1206:. Retrieved
1181:. Retrieved
1173:The Diplomat
1172:
1162:
1150:. Retrieved
1146:
1137:
1117:
1110:
1098:. Retrieved
1094:the original
1089:
1080:
1070:23 September
1068:. Retrieved
1058:
1027:
1023:Nepal Police
1012:
1008:
968:
956:
931:
930:
893:Amgachhi in
709:
708:
703:Krishnanagar
634:
633:
601:
600:
593:
457:- Malibara,
319:
298:
286:
277:
265:
242:
205:Limpuyadhura
198:
179:. Following
137:
135:
18:
1686:Afghanistan
932:West Bengal
724:Bhitthamore
641:Gauriphanta
602:Uttarakhand
525:Kakarbhitta
512:West Bengal
451:Bhitthamore
360:Pithoragarh
329:Uttarakhand
195:Description
177:British Raj
119:British Raj
102:British Raj
88:Established
1833:Categories
1693:Bangladesh
1100:16 January
1050:References
959:See also:
853:Bhagwanpur
730:, Bihar -
479:Biratnagar
171:after the
1723:Sri Lanka
1688:(claimed)
916:Gauriganj
874:Bhimnagar
807:- Jatahi-
765:Bairgania
732:Jaleshwor
671:Laxmanpur
608:Jhulaghat
575:Planned:
548:Birtamode
544:Naxalbari
540:Panitanki
536:Planned:
517:Panitanki
495:Gauriganj
490:Planned:
459:Jaleshwar
389:Nepalganj
381:Rupaidiha
356:Planned:
249:expansion
209:Himalayas
157:Himalayan
117:from the
1718:Pakistan
1317:citation
1310:41950496
1183:28 March
1177:Archived
1033:See also
922:, Nepal.
905:, Nepal.
835:, Nepal.
821:Jainagar
815:, Nepal.
809:Nagarain
793:Malangwa
785:Sonbarsa
779:, Nepal.
759:, Nepal.
738:, Nepal.
689:, Nepal.
687:Koilabas
679:Tulsipur
673:, Nepal.
658:Gulariya
651:, Nepal.
649:Dhangadi
616:Mahakali
527:, Nepal.
499:Salgori-
225:Islampur
201:tripoint
187:and the
125:Treaties
96:between
46:Entities
1708:Myanmar
1600:5 April
1578:5 April
1556:5 April
1534:5 April
1512:5 April
1064:"Nepal"
948:, Nepal
899:Rangeli
882:Haripur
841:Laukaha
801:Pipraun
705:, Nepal
622:, Nepal
579:Pelling
493:Bairia-
471:Jogbani
439:Birgunj
399:Sonauli
335:Banbasa
231:History
221:Majhola
83:History
1698:Bhutan
1308:
1152:27 May
1125:
501:Kechna
431:Raxaul
211:, the
140:is an
75:Length
66:
55:
1818:India
1813:China
1713:Nepal
1703:China
1306:JSTOR
938:Mirik
876:) in
865:Nepal
857:Lahan
855:near
849:Thadi
753:Thori
747:) in
710:Bihar
421:Bihar
305:Susta
261:Terai
153:Nepal
149:India
115:India
98:Nepal
69:Nepal
58:India
1602:2022
1580:2022
1558:2022
1536:2022
1514:2022
1459:2019
1429:2019
1332:help
1231:2016
1210:2020
1185:2017
1154:2020
1123:ISBN
1102:2019
1072:2020
963:and
773:Gaur
293:and
273:2015
151:and
142:open
136:The
100:and
91:1815
1277:doi
940:in
918:in
901:in
884:in
863:of
851:in
843:in
831:in
823:in
811:in
803:in
787:in
775:in
767:in
755:in
734:in
726:in
697:in
681:in
643:in
618:in
610:in
519:in
473:in
453:in
433:in
409:in
401:in
391:in
383:in
345:in
337:in
316:ICP
163:of
1835::
1504:.
1467:^
1445:.
1420:.
1391:^
1368:^
1321::
1319:}}
1315:{{
1302:22
1300:,
1271:.
1267:.
1248:.
1193:^
1175:.
1171:.
1145:.
1121:.
1088:.
944:-
914:-
897:-
867:.
847:-
827:-
791:-
771:-
751:-
701:-
685:-
669:-
647:-
614:-
546:)-
523:-
477:-
437:-
405:-
387:-
377::
349:,
341:-
331::
275:.
191:.
1796:e
1789:t
1782:v
1663:e
1656:t
1649:v
1604:.
1582:.
1560:.
1538:.
1516:.
1461:.
1431:.
1334:)
1330:(
1285:.
1279::
1273:3
1252:.
1233:.
1212:.
1187:.
1156:.
1131:.
1104:.
1074:.
563:-
542:(
423::
362:-
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
