977:
1509:) broad gauge rails was one of many unconventional design elements included in its design which, in addition to its unusual gauge, also used flat-edge rail, rather than typical rail that angles slightly inward (although the shape of BART wheels and rail has been modified since then). This has complicated maintenance of the system, as it requires custom wheelsets, brake systems, and track maintenance vehicles.
86:
1872: in) difference, and allows compatibility with the rolling stock. For example, in recent years Chile and Argentina have bought second hand Spanish/Portuguese Iberian-gauge rolling stock. 1,668 mm trains can run on 1,676 mm gauge without adaptation, but for better stability in high-speed running a wheelset replacement may be required (for example, Russian-Finnish train
2626:
2519:
From Asunción to
Encarnación was originally laid in this gauge in the hope that the connecting line from Posadas to Buenos Aires would be built to the same gauge; that line was laid to standard gauge, and when the FCPCAL reached Encarnación in 1912 the whole line had to be
1501:) broad gauge, with 120 miles (190 km) of double tracked routes. The original engineers chose the wide gauge for its "great stability and smoother riding qualities" and intended to make a state-of-the-art system for other municipalities to emulate. The use of
1665:
The majority of
Canadian freight anticipated to be carried over rail lines to Portland was heavy and bulky in comparison to its value, and must be transported cheaply in large quantities to maintain profitability for producers and
1602:
Wider cars offered more room for passengers and cargo. Train length would be reduced for cars carrying the same amount of cargo. Shorter trains would lessen the effects of side winds, and permit more efficient application of
1599:(swelling of wet soil upon freezing) produce an uneven running surface causing an irregular rocking motion as trains moved past. A wider wheelbase offered a steadier ride with less wear on the machinery and roadbed.
1928:). Backward compatibility—1,676 mm trains on 1,668 mm gauge—is possible, but no examples and data exist. Due to the narrower gauge, a strong wear of wheelsets may occur without replacement.
1625:
allowed more powerful locomotives. The alternative of longer boilers held the disadvantage of poor firebox draft through the increased frictional resistance of longer boiler tubes.
1606:
Wide gauge locomotives offered more room to place reciprocating machinery inside, rather than outside the driving wheels. Reciprocating machinery was a source of vibration before
1116:) broad gauge. Most of the metre gauge and narrow gauge railways have been converted to broad gauge. Small stretches of the network that remain on metre and narrow gauges are also
3302:
1780:. On the contrary, just a few branches of the FCN (Ferrocarril del Norte) were broad gauge, most notably the Mapocho-Puerto mainline between Santiago and Valparaiso, the
4105:
4031:
1513:
52:
1475:
still being a fresh memory. However, there is little supporting evidence for this, and this story appears to be traced to a single claim from the late 1800s.
3785:
2829:
1781:
2136:
2115:
2093:
2075:
1015:
3761:
1784:. This link was directly connected to the southern railroad network using the Matucana tunnel that connected Mapocho and the Central Station in
4141:
3649:
1992:
1975:
1716:) broad gauge railways are in the center-south of the country. Only a few lines of the Ferrocarril del Sur (Southern Railroad Network) were
4146:
2033:
2768:
3264:
1370:
3571:
2902:
2378:
1569:
1545:
1457:
3136:
2795:
2208:
272:
1958:
1792:
that connected both
Argentinean and Chilean broad gauge networks through the Uspallata pass in the Andes mountains was actually a
1628:
More powerful locomotives carrying fewer, larger cars would have reduced manpower requirement for engine crews and shop personnel.
4136:
3011:
2822:
2742:
1561:
1484:
832:
691:
186:
2038:
4120:
3727:
2467:
675:
648:
62:
4156:
3467:
3204:
3006:
1529:
1083:
339:
173:
146:
3913:
2720:
4177:
4151:
2423:
1644:
Freight transfer was preferable to exchange of cars between railways because unowned cars were abused on foreign railways.
1179:
1631:
For locomotives of equal power, fuel consumption increased as gauge decreased, especially in colder outside temperatures.
3823:
3429:
2703:
2052:
1374:
1342:
956:
951:
976:
2815:
2562:
2538:
2262:
2012:
1987:
1970:
1953:
1681:
1270:
1266:
1095:
1011:
1007:
3983:
2102:
1773:
3403:
2865:
2512:
2244:
1827:
1662:
seemed insignificant as long as competitive rates were available for transport on steamships between the two ports.
759:
113:
4115:
4110:
4082:
4046:
4041:
4036:
2857:
1573:
928:
57:
47:
3811:
3455:
3290:
3075:
2017:
743:
399:
256:
2683:
85:
3391:
3366:
2226:
2213:
2190:
2172:
2152:
2131:
2110:
2088:
2070:
1823:
1063:
1049:
it is simply known as "broad gauge". It is the widest gauge in regular passenger use anywhere in the world.
995:
966:
431:
4077:
3701:
3524:
3493:
2608:
2600:
2588:
2550:
2525:
2521:
2337:
2289:
2285:
2119:
2029:
1607:
1577:
1565:
1490:
1290:
1274:
1121:
1023:
1019:
923:
789:
618:
483:
447:
229:
1568:
in 1873. Several Maine railroads connected to the Grand Trunk
Railway shared its "Portland Gauge". The
4010:
3887:
3142:
3087:
3023:
2853:
2044:
1353:
1099:
961:
848:
299:
202:
102:
4026:
3597:
3340:
3180:
2998:
2938:
2877:
2843:
2649:
1703:
1589:
531:
415:
135:
72:
3563:
3168:
2926:
2914:
2639:
2330:
1789:
1648:
1541:
1409:
1155:
1046:
520:
369:
326:
2267:
2057:
1611:
1333:). Used rolling stock from Iberia has been employed on broad-gauge lines in Argentina and Chile.
1227:
1141:
1467:
There is a longstanding rumour that the
Provincial gauge was selected specifically to create a
3386:
3314:
2791:
2249:
1777:
1201:
999:
3675:
3623:
2644:
2000:
1615:
1441:
1117:
1045:. In Argentina and Chile, it is known as "trocha ancha" (Spanish for "broad gauge"). In the
588:
558:
2669:
2157:
1873:
1652:
1105:
1069:
1658:
Potential advantages of freight transfer to the standard gauge railroad from
Portland to
4089:
4067:
4062:
3532:
2557:
2533:
2498:
2454:
2409:
2364:
2231:
2004:
1768:
1581:
1468:
1401:
1278:
1079:
935:
913:
908:
4171:
3935:
3849:
3238:
3049:
2631:
2595:
2280:
2195:
1833:
1596:
1433:
1429:
1163:
874:
2584:
2546:
1585:
1262:
1215:
1159:
1641:
Several gauges were in widespread use, and none had yet come into clear dominance.
1592:
compiled the following advantages of "Portland Gauge" for Maine railways in 1847:
1444:
to standard gauge in 1873. The Grand Trunk
Railway operated from headquarters in
3232:
2838:
2177:
2025:
1740:
1525:
1472:
1421:
991:
33:
4072:
2621:
2140:
1859:
1167:
1003:
918:
17:
1655:
offered little need for gauge transfer prior to loading on export shipping.
1464:, Vermont, New Hampshire and Maine also used it but was converted in 1873.
2507:
1785:
1445:
2743:"Has BART's cutting-edge 1972 technology design come back to haunt it?"
1634:
More powerful wide gauge locomotives would be more capable for plowing
1453:
1437:
1417:
1162:, while the metre gauge network is primarily located to its east. The
2807:
2462:
2418:
2373:
2325:
1659:
1622:
1614:; and keeping such vibration close to the center of mass reduced the
1549:
1461:
1449:
1413:
1214:) broad gauge only, except for a 27.1 km (16.8 mi) line of
1102:. This was then adopted as the standard for the nationwide network.
2625:
1493:
system is the only operating railroad in the United States to use
1425:
1158:. The broad gauge network is primarily located to the west of the
1075:
1366:) broad gauge. It was known as the "Provincial gauge" in Canada.
1293:, that service much of Spain and Portugal, have a track gauge of
2769:"Refining Approaches to Corrective and Preventive Rail Grinding"
1772:, the notable exceptions being one of the few active links: the
1635:
2811:
1124:
are mostly on standard gauge, although some initial lines use
1358:
Canada became the first
British colony, in the 1850s, to use
1858:) is closely similar to the Indian gauge, with only 8
1560:) broad gauge ("Canadian gauge", "Provincial gauge" or
2307:
1935:
1078:, the initial freight railway lines were built using
1369:
The earliest railways in Canada, including the 1836
4129:
4098:
4055:
4019:
3562:
3523:
2997:
2852:
1638:; and thereby provide more reliable winter service.
1170:connection across the river linking both networks.
1094:) for the first passenger railway in India between
2721:"Why Does BART Use Wider Non-Standard Gauge Rails"
1448:, Quebec, although corporate headquarters were in
1686:The national railway network is predominantly on
1514:New Orleans, Opelousas and Great Western Railroad
1232:In Sri Lanka, all services currently operate on
1206:In Pakistan, all services currently operate on
1540:) broad gauge ("Texas gauge") until 1876. The
1412:which operated in several Canadian provinces (
2823:
1552:, Vermont, New Hampshire and Maine also used
8:
1184:In Nepal, all services currently operate on
2704:"The Rise and Fall of the Provincial Gauge"
2830:
2816:
2808:
2698:
2696:
1273:(1838-). Both the lines were subsequently
29:
2682:Indian Railways: Some Fascinating Facts,
2736:
2734:
2661:
2319:
2137:Empresa de los Ferrocarriles del Estado
2116:Empresa de los Ferrocarriles del Estado
2094:Empresa de los Ferrocarriles del Estado
2076:Empresa de los Ferrocarriles del Estado
1947:
943:
900:
70:
39:
32:
1166:is a mixed-use bridge that contains a
1898:gauge, intermediate between Russian
7:
2670:"Railroads Asia - Up And Down India"
1610:encompassed a good understanding of
80:
1265:for two short, isolated lines, the
2741:Gafni, Matthias (March 25, 2016).
2379:St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad
1570:Androscoggin and Kennebec Railroad
1546:St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad
1458:St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad
1146:Bangladesh Railways uses a mix of
25:
2034:Ramal Ferro Industrial Río Turbio
2767:Tuzik, Bob (February 26, 2019).
2624:
1818:Similar gauges and compatibility
1782:Santiago–Valparaíso railway line
1485:Track gauge in the United States
1261:) broad gauge was first used in
1108:today predominantly operates on
975:
84:
2468:Intercolonial Railway of Canada
1576:were later consolidated as the
1029:In North America, it is called
2788:The Grand Trunk in New England
2254:7,791 km (4,841 mi)
2200:45.48 km (28.26 mi)
1651:system feeding the seaport of
1530:Texas and New Orleans Railroad
1118:being converted to broad gauge
1084:Great Indian Peninsula Railway
1:
2424:Grand Trunk Railway of Canada
1180:Nepal Railway Company Limited
400:Three foot six inch
27:Railway track gauge (1676 mm)
4020:List of track gauge articles
2272:1,508 km (937 mi)
2062:1,575 km (979 mi)
2045:750 mm (2 ft 5 1⁄2 in) gauge
1375:Montreal and Lachine Railway
1343:Track gauge in North America
432:Four foot six inch
3007:2 foot and 600 mm
2563:Dundee and Arbroath Railway
2539:Arbroath and Forfar Railway
1682:Rail transport in Argentina
1271:Arbroath and Forfar Railway
1267:Dundee and Arbroath Railway
4194:
2710:, February 1963, pp. 22-37
2528:to allow through-working.
2294:109 mi (175 km)
1828:Rail transport in Portugal
1821:
1701:
1679:
1482:
1371:Champlain and St. Lawrence
1351:
1340:
1225:
1199:
1177:
1139:
1067:
1061:
4032:List of tram track gauges
3808:, Pennsylvania gauge
2984:1 ft 10 in
1574:Buckfield Branch Railroad
1325: in) different from
785:
687:
644:
527:
518:
510:
473:
268:
198:
142:
133:
125:
100:
92:
83:
4047:Large amusement railways
3877:5 ft 6 in
3813:5 ft 3 in
3464:), almost standard gauge
3457:4 ft 8 in
3393:4 ft 6 in
3379:4 ft 1 in
3309:3 ft 7 in
3292:3 ft 6 in
3077:2 ft 6 in
3013:2 ft 3 in
2790:. Railfare. p. 78.
2580: mi (27.0 km)
2236:59 km (37 mi)
2216:to border with Pakistan
2182:65 km (40 mi)
2103:Ramal Talca-Constitución
1774:Ramal Talca-Constitución
1714:5 ft 6 in
1692:5 ft 6 in
1558:5 ft 6 in
1538:5 ft 6 in
1522:5 ft 6 in
1507:5 ft 6 in
1499:5 ft 6 in
1364:5 ft 6 in
1331:5 ft 6 in
1259:5 ft 6 in
1238:5 ft 6 in
1212:5 ft 6 in
1190:5 ft 6 in
1152:5 ft 6 in
1130:5 ft 6 in
1114:5 ft 6 in
1092:5 ft 6 in
987:5 ft 6 in
3846:), Baltimore gauge
3555:, Stephenson gauge
2690:, Indian Railways, 2003
2214:Zahedan railway station
1824:Rail transport in Spain
1420:) and American states (
1377:however, were built to
1064:Rail transport in India
4042:Minimum-gauge railways
3758:), Russian gauge.
2858:Minimum-gauge railways
2601:Maine Central Railroad
2290:San Francisco Bay Area
2286:Bay Area Rapid Transit
2030:Central Chubut Railway
1608:mechanical engineering
1578:Maine Central Railroad
1491:Bay Area Rapid Transit
1471:with US railways, the
1291:Iberian-gauge railways
1024:San Francisco Bay Area
4157:lists of track gauges
4011:Krasnoyarsk ship lift
3984:Lärchwandschrägaufzug
3872:), Iberian gauge
3724:), Toronto gauge
2747:San Jose Mercury News
1814:) narrow gauge link.
1354:Track gauge in Canada
1086:adopted the gauge of
990:(1,680 mm) is a
4178:Track gauges by name
4027:List of track gauges
3932:), Brunel gauge
3884:), Indian gauge
3426:), Scotch gauge
3400:), Scotch gauge
2773:ON Track Maintenance
2650:List of track gauges
1932:Operational railways
1704:Track gauge in Chile
1621:Wider fireboxes and
1528:until 1872, and the
1269:(1836-1847) and the
1240:) broad gauge only.
1192:) broad gauge only.
1082:. In the 1850s, the
744:Five foot three inch
4106:Tram and light rail
3820:), Irish gauge
3205:Italian metre gauge
2786:Holt, Jeff (1985).
2640:Broad-gauge railway
2331:Grand Trunk Railway
2120:Metro de Valparaíso
1790:Transandine Railway
1649:Grand Trunk Railway
1580:which converted to
1542:Grand Trunk Railway
1440:) used it, but was
1410:Grand Trunk Railway
1315:), just 8 mm (
1122:Rapid transit lines
1047:Indian subcontinent
532:Italian broad gauge
187:Two foot three inch
4037:Miniature railways
3137:Swedish three foot
2513:Paraguayan railway
2311:Country/territory
2268:Sri Lanka Railways
2058:Bangladesh Railway
1959:San Martín Railway
1939:Country/territory
1548:which operated in
1516:(NOO&GW) used
1460:which operated in
1285:Spain and Portugal
1228:Sri Lanka Railways
1154:) broad gauge and
1142:Bangladesh Railway
817:Five foot six inch
718:Pennsylvania gauge
692:Pennsylvania gauge
273:Swedish three foot
4165:
4164:
4142:by imperial units
4056:Gauge differences
3387:Middleton Railway
2847:
2615:
2614:
2301:
2300:
2250:Pakistan Railways
1976:Sarmiento Railway
1778:Metro de Santiago
1202:Pakistan Railways
992:broad track gauge
983:
982:
896:
895:
257:Two foot six inch
40:By transport mode
16:(Redirected from
4185:
4078:Gauge conversion
4008:
4006:
4005:
4001:
3998:
3993:29 ft
3990:
3981:
3979:
3978:
3974:
3971:
3966:26 ft
3963:
3958:), Breitspurbahn
3957:
3955:
3954:
3950:
3947:
3938:
3931:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3919:
3910:), De Arend
3909:
3907:
3906:
3902:
3899:
3890:
3883:
3878:
3871:
3869:
3868:
3864:
3861:
3852:
3845:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3833:
3830:
3819:
3814:
3807:
3802:
3800:
3799:
3795:
3792:
3783:
3778:
3776:
3775:
3771:
3768:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3750:
3747:
3738:
3734:
3730:
3723:
3718:
3716:
3715:
3711:
3708:
3697:
3695:
3694:
3690:
3687:
3678:
3671:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3659:
3656:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3638:
3635:
3626:
3618:
3616:
3615:
3611:
3608:
3600:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3586:
3583:
3574:
3554:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3542:
3539:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3508:
3505:
3496:
3489:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3477:
3474:
3463:
3458:
3451:
3446:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3436:
3425:
3420:
3418:
3417:
3413:
3410:
3399:
3394:
3384:
3380:
3374:
3369:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3355:
3352:
3343:
3336:
3334:
3333:
3329:
3326:
3317:
3310:
3305:
3298:
3293:
3286:
3284:
3283:
3279:
3276:
3267:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3253:
3250:
3241:
3235:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3222:
3219:
3211:
3202:
3200:
3199:
3195:
3192:
3183:
3176:
3171:
3164:
3162:
3161:
3157:
3154:
3145:
3139:
3133:
3131:
3130:
3126:
3123:
3115:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3099:
3090:
3083:
3078:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3064:
3061:
3052:
3045:
3043:
3042:
3038:
3035:
3026:
3019:
3014:
2989:
2985:
2979:
2975:
2969:
2965:
2959:
2957:
2956:
2952:
2949:
2941:
2934:
2929:
2922:
2917:
2910:
2905:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2891:
2888:
2880:
2873:
2868:
2841:
2832:
2825:
2818:
2809:
2802:
2801:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2764:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2738:
2729:
2728:
2725:BayRail Alliance
2717:
2711:
2700:
2691:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2666:
2645:Heritage railway
2634:
2629:
2628:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2571:
2501:
2495:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2481:
2457:
2451:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2437:
2412:
2406:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2392:
2367:
2361:
2357:
2355:
2354:
2350:
2347:
2308:
2042:
2001:Tren de la Costa
1936:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1909:
1901:
1897:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1887:
1879:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1839:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1803:
1795:
1771:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1755:
1747:
1743:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1727:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1693:
1689:
1618:causing rocking.
1616:angular momentum
1562:"Portland gauge"
1559:
1555:
1539:
1535:
1523:
1519:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1404:
1398:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1384:
1365:
1361:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1304:
1296:
1260:
1256:
1239:
1235:
1213:
1209:
1191:
1187:
1153:
1149:
1131:
1127:
1115:
1111:
1093:
1089:
988:
979:
891:
890:
886:
865:
864:
860:
810:
809:
805:
802:
780:
779:
775:
772:
737:
736:
732:
729:
712:
711:
707:
704:
669:
668:
664:
661:
639:
638:
634:
631:
609:
608:
604:
601:
579:
578:
574:
571:
552:
551:
547:
544:
505:
504:
500:
497:
468:
467:
463:
460:
390:
389:
385:
382:
360:
359:
355:
352:
320:
319:
315:
312:
293:
292:
288:
285:
250:
249:
245:
242:
223:
222:
218:
215:
167:
166:
162:
159:
88:
81:
30:
21:
4193:
4192:
4188:
4187:
4186:
4184:
4183:
4182:
4168:
4167:
4166:
4161:
4147:by metric units
4125:
4094:
4051:
4015:
4003:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3992:
3988:
3976:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3965:
3961:
3952:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3942:9 ft
3941:
3936:
3929:
3921:
3917:
3916:
3915:7 ft
3914:
3904:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3894:6 ft
3893:
3888:
3881:
3876:
3866:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3856:5 ft
3855:
3850:
3843:
3835:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3825:5 ft
3824:
3817:
3812:
3805:
3797:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3787:5 ft
3786:
3781:
3773:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3763:5 ft
3762:
3752:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3742:4 ft
3741:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3721:
3713:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3703:4 ft
3702:
3692:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3682:4 ft
3681:
3676:
3669:
3661:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3651:4 ft
3650:
3640:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3630:4 ft
3629:
3624:
3613:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3603:4 ft
3602:
3598:
3588:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3578:4 ft
3577:
3572:
3558:
3552:
3544:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3534:4 ft
3533:
3519:
3510:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3500:4 ft
3499:
3494:
3487:
3479:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3469:4 ft
3468:
3461:
3456:
3449:
3441:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3431:4 ft
3430:
3423:
3415:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3405:4 ft
3404:
3397:
3392:
3382:
3378:
3372:
3367:
3357:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3347:3 ft
3346:
3341:
3331:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3321:3 ft
3320:
3315:
3308:
3303:
3296:
3291:
3281:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3271:3 ft
3270:
3265:
3255:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3245:3 ft
3244:
3239:
3231:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3214:3 ft
3213:
3209:
3197:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3187:3 ft
3186:
3181:
3174:
3169:
3159:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3149:2 ft
3148:
3143:
3135:
3128:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3118:2 ft
3117:
3113:
3104:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3094:2 ft
3093:
3088:
3081:
3076:
3066:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3056:2 ft
3055:
3050:
3040:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3030:2 ft
3029:
3024:
3017:
3012:
2993:
2987:
2983:
2977:
2973:
2967:
2963:
2954:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2944:
2939:
2932:
2927:
2920:
2915:
2908:
2903:
2893:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2878:
2871:
2866:
2856:
2848:
2836:
2806:
2805:
2798:
2785:
2784:
2780:
2766:
2765:
2761:
2751:
2749:
2740:
2739:
2732:
2719:
2718:
2714:
2702:Omer Lavallee,
2701:
2694:
2681:
2677:
2668:
2667:
2663:
2658:
2630:
2623:
2620:
2587:, converted to
2576:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2549:, converted to
2497:
2493:
2486:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2476:4 ft
2475:
2453:
2449:
2442:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2432:4 ft
2431:
2408:
2404:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2387:4 ft
2386:
2363:
2359:
2352:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2342:4 ft
2341:
2306:
2304:Closed railways
2163:
2158:Indian Railways
2036:
1934:
1925:
1921:
1914:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1904:4 ft
1903:
1899:
1892:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1882:4 ft
1881:
1877:
1868:
1864:
1863:
1852:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1842:5 ft
1841:
1837:
1830:
1822:Main articles:
1820:
1808:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1798:3 ft
1797:
1793:
1776:branch and the
1767:
1760:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1750:4 ft
1749:
1745:
1739:
1732:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1722:3 ft
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1706:
1700:
1694:) broad gauge.
1691:
1687:
1684:
1678:
1673:
1653:Portland, Maine
1590:Alvin C. Morton
1588:chief engineer
1557:
1553:
1537:
1533:
1521:
1517:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1487:
1481:
1400:
1396:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1379:4 ft
1378:
1363:
1359:
1356:
1350:
1345:
1339:
1330:
1326:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1309:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1299:5 ft
1298:
1294:
1287:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1246:
1237:
1233:
1230:
1224:
1211:
1207:
1204:
1198:
1189:
1185:
1182:
1176:
1151:
1147:
1144:
1138:
1132:) broad gauge.
1129:
1125:
1113:
1109:
1106:Indian Railways
1091:
1087:
1072:
1070:Indian Railways
1066:
1060:
1055:
986:
901:Change of gauge
888:
884:
883:
862:
858:
857:
807:
803:
800:
798:
777:
773:
770:
768:
760:Baltimore gauge
734:
730:
727:
725:
709:
705:
702:
700:
666:
662:
659:
657:
636:
632:
629:
627:
606:
602:
599:
597:
576:
572:
569:
567:
549:
545:
542:
540:
511:
502:
498:
495:
493:
474:
465:
461:
458:
456:
387:
383:
380:
378:
357:
353:
350:
348:
317:
313:
310:
308:
290:
286:
283:
281:
247:
243:
240:
238:
220:
216:
213:
211:
164:
160:
157:
155:
126:
93:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4191:
4189:
4181:
4180:
4170:
4169:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4133:
4131:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4102:
4100:
4099:Transport mode
4096:
4095:
4093:
4092:
4090:Variable gauge
4087:
4086:
4085:
4075:
4070:
4068:Break of gauge
4065:
4063:Bogie exchange
4059:
4057:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4023:
4021:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4013:
3986:
3959:
3933:
3911:
3885:
3873:
3847:
3821:
3809:
3759:
3725:
3699:
3673:
3647:
3621:
3595:
3568:
3566:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3556:
3529:
3527:
3525:Standard gauge
3521:
3520:
3518:
3517:
3491:
3465:
3453:
3427:
3401:
3389:
3376:
3364:
3338:
3312:
3300:
3288:
3262:
3236:
3207:
3178:
3166:
3140:
3111:
3085:
3073:
3047:
3021:
3009:
3003:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2991:
2981:
2971:
2961:
2936:
2924:
2912:
2900:
2875:
2862:
2860:
2850:
2849:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2827:
2820:
2812:
2804:
2803:
2796:
2778:
2759:
2730:
2712:
2692:
2675:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2636:
2635:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2609:standard gauge
2605:
2603:
2598:
2592:
2591:
2589:standard gauge
2581:
2565:
2560:
2558:United Kingdom
2554:
2553:
2551:standard gauge
2543:
2541:
2536:
2534:United Kingdom
2530:
2529:
2526:standard gauge
2517:
2515:
2510:
2504:
2503:
2499:standard gauge
2472:
2470:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2455:standard gauge
2428:
2426:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2410:standard gauge
2383:
2381:
2376:
2370:
2369:
2365:standard gauge
2335:
2333:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2312:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2265:
2259:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2232:Nepal Railways
2229:
2223:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2175:
2169:
2168:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2099:
2097:
2096:- EFE Central
2091:
2085:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2055:
2049:
2048:
2022:
2020:
2015:
2009:
2008:
2005:standard gauge
1997:
1995:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1933:
1930:
1819:
1816:
1769:standard gauge
1708:Most links of
1702:Main article:
1699:
1696:
1680:Main article:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1656:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1619:
1604:
1600:
1586:John A. Poor's
1582:standard gauge
1483:Main article:
1480:
1477:
1469:break-of-gauge
1402:standard gauge
1352:Main article:
1349:
1346:
1341:Main article:
1338:
1335:
1286:
1283:
1279:standard gauge
1250:
1249:United Kingdom
1247:
1245:
1242:
1226:Main article:
1223:
1220:
1200:Main article:
1197:
1194:
1178:Main article:
1175:
1172:
1140:Main article:
1137:
1134:
1080:standard gauge
1062:Main article:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
981:
980:
972:
971:
970:
969:
964:
959:
954:
946:
945:
941:
940:
939:
938:
936:Variable gauge
933:
932:
931:
921:
916:
914:Break of gauge
911:
909:Bogie exchange
903:
902:
898:
897:
894:
893:
880:
877:
872:
868:
867:
854:
851:
846:
842:
841:
838:
835:
830:
826:
825:
822:
819:
813:
812:
795:
792:
787:
783:
782:
765:
762:
757:
753:
752:
749:
746:
740:
739:
722:
719:
715:
714:
697:
694:
689:
685:
684:
681:
678:
672:
671:
654:
651:
646:
642:
641:
624:
621:
616:
612:
611:
594:
591:
586:
582:
581:
564:
561:
555:
554:
537:
534:
529:
525:
524:
517:
513:
512:
508:
507:
490:
487:
480:
476:
475:
471:
470:
453:
450:
445:
441:
440:
437:
434:
429:
425:
424:
421:
418:
416:Four foot
413:
409:
408:
405:
402:
397:
393:
392:
375:
372:
367:
363:
362:
345:
342:
336:
335:
332:
329:
323:
322:
305:
302:
296:
295:
278:
275:
270:
266:
265:
262:
259:
253:
252:
235:
232:
226:
225:
208:
205:
200:
196:
195:
192:
189:
183:
182:
179:
176:
170:
169:
152:
149:
144:
140:
139:
132:
128:
127:
123:
122:
119:
116:
111:
107:
106:
99:
95:
94:
90:
89:
77:
76:
68:
67:
66:
65:
60:
55:
50:
42:
41:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4190:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4128:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4111:Rapid transit
4109:
4107:
4104:
4103:
4101:
4097:
4091:
4088:
4084:
4081:
4080:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4060:
4058:
4054:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4018:
4012:
3989:9,000 mm
3987:
3985:
3962:8,200 mm
3960:
3939:
3937:3,000 mm
3934:
3930:2,140 mm
3927:
3912:
3891:
3889:1,945 mm
3886:
3882:1,676 mm
3879:
3874:
3853:
3851:1,668 mm
3848:
3844:1,638 mm
3841:
3822:
3818:1,600 mm
3815:
3810:
3806:1,588 mm
3803:
3782:1,581 mm
3779:
3760:
3739:
3737:1,520 mm
3733:1,524 mm
3726:
3722:1,495 mm
3719:
3700:
3679:
3677:1,458 mm
3674:
3670:1,457 mm
3667:
3648:
3627:
3625:1,450 mm
3622:
3620:
3599:1,445 mm
3596:
3575:
3573:1,440 mm
3570:
3569:
3567:
3565:
3561:
3553:1,435 mm
3550:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3526:
3522:
3497:
3495:1,432 mm
3492:
3488:1,429 mm
3485:
3466:
3462:1,422 mm
3459:
3454:
3450:1,416 mm
3447:
3428:
3424:1,384 mm
3421:
3402:
3398:1,372 mm
3395:
3390:
3388:
3383:1,245 mm
3377:
3373:1,219 mm
3370:
3365:
3344:
3342:1,200 mm
3339:
3318:
3316:1,100 mm
3313:
3306:
3304:1,093 mm
3301:
3297:1,067 mm
3294:
3289:
3268:
3266:1,055 mm
3263:
3242:
3240:1,050 mm
3237:
3234:
3210:1,000 mm
3208:
3206:
3184:
3179:
3172:
3167:
3146:
3141:
3138:
3112:
3091:
3086:
3079:
3074:
3053:
3048:
3027:
3022:
3015:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2996:
2982:
2972:
2962:
2942:
2937:
2930:
2925:
2918:
2913:
2906:
2901:
2881:
2876:
2869:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2855:
2854:Minimum-gauge
2851:
2845:
2840:
2833:
2828:
2826:
2821:
2819:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2799:
2797:0-919130-43-7
2793:
2789:
2782:
2779:
2774:
2770:
2763:
2760:
2748:
2744:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2726:
2722:
2716:
2713:
2709:
2708:Canadian Rail
2705:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2684:“Train Atlas”
2679:
2676:
2671:
2665:
2662:
2655:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2637:
2633:
2632:Trains portal
2627:
2622:
2617:
2610:
2607:converted to
2606:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2596:United States
2594:
2593:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2505:
2500:
2494:1,435 mm
2474:Converted to
2473:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2450:1,435 mm
2430:Converted to
2429:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2411:
2405:1,435 mm
2385:Converted to
2384:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2366:
2360:1,435 mm
2339:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2303:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2281:United States
2279:
2278:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2196:Kolkata Metro
2194:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2040:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1993:Mitre Railway
1991:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1945:Route length
1944:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1931:
1929:
1922:1,524 mm
1920:and Finnish
1900:1,520 mm
1878:1,522 mm
1875:
1861:
1838:1,668 mm
1835:
1834:Iberian gauge
1829:
1825:
1817:
1815:
1794:1,000 mm
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1770:
1746:1,435 mm
1742:
1718:1,000 mm
1710:1,676 mm
1705:
1697:
1695:
1688:1,676 mm
1683:
1675:
1671:South America
1670:
1666:transporters.
1664:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1620:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1554:1,676 mm
1551:
1547:
1543:
1534:1,676 mm
1531:
1527:
1518:1,676 mm
1515:
1510:
1503:1,676 mm
1495:1,676 mm
1492:
1486:
1479:United States
1478:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1434:New Hampshire
1431:
1430:Massachusetts
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1403:
1397:1,435 mm
1376:
1372:
1367:
1360:1,676 mm
1355:
1347:
1344:
1337:North America
1336:
1334:
1327:1,676 mm
1295:1,668 mm
1292:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1255:1,676 mm
1248:
1243:
1241:
1234:1,676 mm
1229:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1208:1,676 mm
1203:
1195:
1193:
1186:1,676 mm
1181:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1164:Jamuna Bridge
1161:
1157:
1148:1,676 mm
1143:
1135:
1133:
1126:1,676 mm
1123:
1119:
1110:1,676 mm
1107:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1088:1,676 mm
1085:
1081:
1077:
1071:
1065:
1057:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
978:
974:
973:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
957:South America
955:
953:
952:North America
950:
949:
948:
947:
942:
937:
934:
930:
927:
926:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
906:
905:
904:
899:
881:
878:
876:
875:Breitspurbahn
873:
870:
869:
855:
852:
850:
847:
844:
843:
839:
836:
834:
831:
828:
827:
823:
820:
818:
815:
814:
796:
793:
791:
790:Iberian gauge
788:
784:
766:
763:
761:
758:
755:
754:
750:
747:
745:
742:
741:
723:
720:
717:
716:
698:
695:
693:
690:
686:
682:
679:
677:
674:
673:
655:
652:
650:
647:
643:
625:
622:
620:
619:Toronto gauge
617:
614:
613:
595:
592:
590:
589:Leipzig gauge
587:
584:
583:
565:
562:
560:
559:Dresden gauge
557:
556:
538:
535:
533:
530:
526:
523:
522:
515:
514:
509:
491:
488:
486:
485:
481:
478:
477:
472:
454:
451:
449:
446:
443:
442:
438:
435:
433:
430:
427:
426:
422:
419:
417:
414:
411:
410:
406:
403:
401:
398:
395:
394:
376:
373:
371:
368:
365:
364:
346:
343:
341:
340:Italian metre
338:
337:
333:
330:
328:
325:
324:
306:
303:
301:
298:
297:
279:
276:
274:
271:
267:
263:
260:
258:
255:
254:
236:
233:
231:
230:Bosnian gauge
228:
227:
209:
206:
204:
201:
197:
193:
190:
188:
185:
184:
180:
177:
175:
172:
171:
153:
150:
148:
145:
141:
138:
137:
130:
129:
124:
120:
117:
115:
112:
109:
108:
105:
104:
97:
96:
91:
87:
82:
79:
78:
74:
69:
64:
61:
59:
56:
54:
51:
49:
48:Rapid transit
46:
45:
44:
43:
38:
35:
31:
19:
3875:
2999:Narrow gauge
2787:
2781:
2772:
2762:
2750:. Retrieved
2746:
2724:
2715:
2707:
2687:
2678:
2664:
2585:Scotch gauge
2547:Scotch gauge
2164:(78,520 mi)
2105:; operating
2047:; operating
2018:Roca Railway
2007:; operating
1831:
1707:
1685:
1597:Frost heaves
1544:predecessor
1511:
1488:
1466:
1407:
1368:
1357:
1288:
1252:
1231:
1216:Lahore metro
1205:
1183:
1160:Jamuna River
1145:
1104:
1073:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1028:
985:
984:
824:(5 ft 6 in)
816:
751:(5 ft 3 in)
519:
482:
439:(4 ft 6 in)
407:(3 ft 6 in)
264:(2 ft 6 in)
194:(2 ft 3 in)
134:
114:Fifteen inch
101:
18:Indian gauge
4121:Scale model
3564:Broad gauge
3233:metre gauge
3182:950 mm
3175:914 mm
3144:900 mm
3114:891 mm
3089:800 mm
3082:762 mm
3051:760 mm
3025:750 mm
3018:686 mm
2988:559 mm
2978:533 mm
2968:508 mm
2940:500 mm
2933:483 mm
2921:457 mm
2909:406 mm
2879:400 mm
2872:381 mm
2839:Track gauge
2688:Train Atlas
2178:Delhi Metro
2037: [
2026:La Trochita
1741:metre gauge
1526:broad gauge
1473:War of 1812
1422:Connecticut
1156:metre gauge
1096:Bori Bunder
1043:Texas gauge
944:By location
203:750 mm
63:Scale model
34:Track gauge
4137:by country
4130:Categories
4073:Dual gauge
2974:21 in
2964:20 in
2928:19 in
2916:18 in
2904:16 in
2867:15 in
2656:References
2297:operating
2275:operating
2257:operating
2239:operating
2221:operating
2203:operating
2185:operating
2167:operating
2162:126,366 km
2147:operating
2126:operating
2083:operating
2078:- EFE Sur
2065:operating
2053:Bangladesh
1982:operating
1965:operating
1584:in 1871.
1564:) but was
1168:dual gauge
1136:Bangladesh
1068:See also:
1035:Provincial
1004:Bangladesh
1002:, western
994:, used in
924:Conversion
919:Dual gauge
327:Three foot
4116:Miniature
3729:5 ft
3368:4 ft
3170:3 ft
2752:March 28,
2522:re-gauged
2338:Converted
2263:Sri Lanka
2013:Argentina
1988:Argentina
1971:Argentina
1954:Argentina
1926:5 ft
1676:Argentina
1566:converted
1373:and 1847
1275:converted
1222:Sri Lanka
1018:, and on
1012:Argentina
1008:Sri Lanka
967:Australia
676:Five foot
71:By size (
58:Miniature
4172:Category
4007: in
3980: in
3956: in
3925: in
3908: in
3870: in
3839: in
3804: /
3801: in
3780: /
3777: in
3756: in
3731: /
3717: in
3696: in
3665: in
3644: in
3617: in
3592: in
3551: /
3548: in
3514: in
3483: in
3445: in
3419: in
3361: in
3335: in
3285: in
3259: in
3228: in
3201: in
3163: in
3132: in
3108: in
3070: in
3044: in
2958: in
2897: in
2618:See also
2611:in 1871
2508:Paraguay
2502:in 1875
2490: in
2446: in
2413:in 1873
2401: in
2368:in 1873
2356: in
2314:Railway
2245:Pakistan
1942:Railway
1918: in
1896: in
1856: in
1812: in
1786:Santiago
1764: in
1736: in
1612:dynamics
1572:and the
1446:Montreal
1393: in
1313: in
1263:Scotland
1196:Pakistan
1039:Portland
1000:Pakistan
882:(9 ft 10
879:3,000 mm
853:2,140 mm
837:1,829 mm
833:Six foot
821:1,676 mm
794:1,668 mm
764:1,638 mm
748:1,600 mm
721:1,588 mm
696:1,581 mm
680:1,524 mm
653:1,520 mm
623:1,495 mm
593:1,458 mm
563:1,450 mm
536:1,445 mm
489:1,435 mm
484:Standard
452:1,432 mm
436:1,372 mm
420:1,219 mm
404:1,067 mm
374:1,000 mm
174:Two foot
121:(15 in)
4152:by name
4002:⁄
3975:⁄
3951:⁄
3920:⁄
3903:⁄
3865:⁄
3834:⁄
3796:⁄
3772:⁄
3751:⁄
3740: (
3712:⁄
3691:⁄
3660:⁄
3639:⁄
3612:⁄
3587:⁄
3543:⁄
3509:⁄
3478:⁄
3440:⁄
3414:⁄
3356:⁄
3330:⁄
3280:⁄
3254:⁄
3223:⁄
3196:⁄
3158:⁄
3127:⁄
3103:⁄
3065:⁄
3039:⁄
2953:⁄
2892:⁄
2575:⁄
2485:⁄
2441:⁄
2396:⁄
2351:⁄
2317:Length
2288:(BART)
2141:Biotrén
2101:Except
2024:except
1999:except
1913:⁄
1891:⁄
1874:Allegro
1867:⁄
1851:⁄
1807:⁄
1759:⁄
1731:⁄
1623:boilers
1454:England
1442:changed
1438:Vermont
1418:Ontario
1388:⁄
1320:⁄
1308:⁄
1022:in the
887:⁄
861:⁄
840:(6 ft)
806:⁄
776:⁄
733:⁄
708:⁄
683:(5 ft)
665:⁄
649:1520 mm
635:⁄
605:⁄
575:⁄
548:⁄
501:⁄
464:⁄
448:1432 mm
423:(4 ft)
386:⁄
356:⁄
334:(3 ft)
316:⁄
289:⁄
246:⁄
219:⁄
181:(2 ft)
163:⁄
103:Minimum
2794:
2463:Canada
2419:Canada
2374:Canada
2326:Canada
2320:Notes
1948:Notes
1788:. The
1660:Boston
1603:power.
1550:Quebec
1462:Quebec
1456:. The
1450:London
1436:, and
1414:Quebec
1348:Canada
1244:Europe
1031:Indian
962:Europe
871:
856:(7 ft
849:Brunel
845:
829:
797:(5 ft
786:
767:(5 ft
756:
724:(5 ft
699:(5 ft
688:
656:(4 ft
645:
626:(4 ft
615:
596:(4 ft
585:
566:(4 ft
539:(4 ft
528:
516:
492:(4 ft
479:
455:(4 ft
444:
428:
412:
396:
377:(3 ft
366:
344:950 mm
331:914 mm
307:(2 ft
304:900 mm
300:900 mm
280:(2 ft
277:891 mm
269:
261:762 mm
237:(2 ft
234:760 mm
210:(2 ft
207:750 mm
199:
191:686 mm
178:610 mm
154:(1 ft
151:600 mm
147:600 mm
143:
136:Narrow
131:
118:381 mm
110:
98:
2227:Nepal
2191:India
2173:India
2153:India
2132:Chile
2111:Chile
2089:Chile
2071:Chile
2041:]
1698:Chile
1532:used
1426:Maine
1174:Nepal
1100:Thane
1076:India
1058:India
1041:, or
1016:Chile
996:India
521:Broad
370:Metre
347:(3 ft
4083:list
3784:and
3735:and
2844:list
2792:ISBN
2754:2016
2583:see
2545:see
2209:Iran
2032:and
1876:has
1832:The
1826:and
1647:The
1636:snow
1512:The
1489:The
1416:and
1408:The
1289:The
1253:The
1098:and
1053:Asia
1020:BART
929:list
892:in)
866:in)
811:in)
781:in)
738:in)
713:in)
670:in)
640:in)
610:in)
580:in)
553:in)
506:in)
469:in)
391:in)
361:in)
321:in)
294:in)
251:in)
224:in)
168:in)
73:list
53:Tram
4009:),
3982:),
3385:),
2524:to
2340:to
2043:in
2003:in
1924:or
1902:or
1880:or
1840:or
1744:or
1277:to
1074:In
4174::
4004:16
3977:32
3973:27
3968:10
3944:10
3905:16
3867:32
3863:21
3753:32
3749:27
3744:11
3705:10
3693:32
3689:13
3641:32
3589:16
3585:11
3349:11
3337:),
3332:16
3311:),
3287:),
3261:),
3256:32
3252:11
3230:)
3203:)
3160:16
3151:11
3134:)
3129:32
3120:11
3067:16
3063:15
2946:19
2885:15
2771:.
2745:.
2733:^
2723:.
2706:,
2695:^
2686:,
2568:16
2496:)
2452:)
2407:)
2362:)
2139:-
2118:-
2039:es
2028:,
1915:32
1911:27
1906:11
1893:32
1889:29
1884:11
1869:16
1860:mm
1853:32
1849:21
1766:)
1738:)
1524:)
1452:,
1432:,
1428:,
1424:,
1405:.
1399:)
1322:16
1310:32
1306:21
1281:.
1218:.
1120:.
1037:,
1033:,
1026:.
1014:,
1010:,
1006:,
998:,
808:32
804:21
667:32
663:27
658:11
628:10
607:32
603:13
577:32
358:32
354:13
318:16
309:11
291:32
282:11
248:16
244:15
156:11
4000:5
3997:+
3995:6
3991:(
3970:+
3964:(
3953:8
3949:1
3946:+
3940:(
3928:(
3922:4
3918:1
3901:9
3898:+
3896:4
3892:(
3880:(
3860:+
3858:5
3854:(
3842:(
3836:2
3832:1
3829:+
3827:4
3816:(
3798:2
3794:1
3791:+
3789:2
3774:4
3770:1
3767:+
3765:2
3746:+
3720:(
3714:8
3710:7
3707:+
3698:)
3686:+
3684:9
3680:(
3672:)
3668:(
3662:8
3658:3
3655:+
3653:9
3646:)
3637:3
3634:+
3632:9
3628:(
3619:)
3614:8
3610:7
3607:+
3605:8
3601:(
3594:)
3582:+
3580:8
3576:(
3545:2
3541:1
3538:+
3536:8
3516:)
3511:8
3507:3
3504:+
3502:8
3498:(
3490:)
3486:(
3480:4
3476:1
3473:+
3471:8
3460:(
3452:)
3448:(
3442:4
3438:3
3435:+
3433:7
3422:(
3416:2
3412:1
3409:+
3407:6
3396:(
3381:(
3375:)
3371:(
3363:)
3358:4
3354:1
3351:+
3345:(
3328:5
3325:+
3323:7
3319:(
3307:(
3299:)
3295:(
3282:2
3278:1
3275:+
3273:5
3269:(
3249:+
3247:5
3243:(
3225:8
3221:3
3218:+
3216:3
3212:(
3198:8
3194:3
3191:+
3189:1
3185:(
3177:)
3173:(
3165:)
3156:7
3153:+
3147:(
3125:3
3122:+
3116:(
3110:)
3105:2
3101:1
3098:+
3096:7
3092:(
3084:)
3080:(
3072:)
3060:+
3058:5
3054:(
3046:)
3041:2
3037:1
3034:+
3032:5
3028:(
3020:)
3016:(
2990:)
2986:(
2980:)
2976:(
2970:)
2966:(
2960:)
2955:4
2951:3
2948:+
2943:(
2935:)
2931:(
2923:)
2919:(
2911:)
2907:(
2899:)
2894:4
2890:3
2887:+
2882:(
2874:)
2870:(
2846:)
2842:(
2831:e
2824:t
2817:v
2800:.
2775:.
2756:.
2727:.
2672:.
2577:4
2573:3
2570:+
2492:(
2487:2
2483:1
2480:+
2478:8
2448:(
2443:2
2439:1
2436:+
2434:8
2403:(
2398:2
2394:1
2391:+
2389:8
2358:(
2353:2
2349:1
2346:+
2344:8
1908:+
1886:+
1865:5
1862:(
1846:+
1844:5
1836:(
1809:8
1805:3
1802:+
1800:3
1796:(
1761:2
1757:1
1754:+
1752:8
1748:(
1733:8
1729:3
1726:+
1724:3
1720:(
1712:(
1690:(
1556:(
1536:(
1520:(
1505:(
1497:(
1395:(
1390:2
1386:1
1383:+
1381:8
1362:(
1329:(
1318:5
1303:+
1301:5
1297:(
1257:(
1236:(
1210:(
1188:(
1150:(
1128:(
1112:(
1090:(
889:8
885:1
863:4
859:1
801:+
799:5
778:2
774:1
771:+
769:4
735:2
731:1
728:+
726:2
710:4
706:1
703:+
701:2
660:+
637:8
633:7
630:+
600:+
598:9
573:3
570:+
568:9
550:8
546:7
543:+
541:8
503:2
499:1
496:+
494:8
466:8
462:3
459:+
457:8
388:8
384:3
381:+
379:3
351:+
349:1
314:7
311:+
287:3
284:+
241:+
239:5
221:2
217:1
214:+
212:5
165:8
161:5
158:+
75:)
20:)
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