Indie rock - Knowledge (XXG)

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created lo-fi bedroom dramas that romanticized the misty bewilderment of college kids on the cusp of entering the adult straight world. Their free-associating lyrics over melodies that seemed embedded in the staticky fuzz of a transistor radio were a cryptic denial of alt rock's ambition. Malkmus had a gift (like Kurt Cobain) for inside-joke aphorisms that felt like generational broadsides. On the 1992 album Slanted and Enchanted, he mused with a stricken hauteur: "I've got a lot of things I want to sell / But not here, babe," and "All the things we had before / You sold us out and took it all." Guided by Voices, a revolving-door group led by thirtysomething Dayton, Ohio schoolteacher Robert Pollard, had been churning out blearily melodic, cruddy-sounding recordings for years, but their literate, elliptical bursts of British Invasion-tinged rock never caught much attention. However, with the release of 1994's breathtakingly composed Bee Thousand, Pollard was suddenly a mini cause célèbre, a symbol of the uncompromising, self-reliant indie artist who eventually gets the recognition he deserves.

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drug taking of Happy Mondays and the ravers of Manchester's club culture were part of the fuel that sparked nationwide moral panics and the subsequent regulation of 'rave' lifestyles (culminating in the 1994 Criminal Justice Act). Sarah Champion, Manchester-based music journalist during the Madchester era, summarised Madchester in the following way, 'White scallies put down guitars, picked up the groove. Indie bands released 12 inchers; clubs spun rock tunes. Happy Mondays' "Hallelujah", The Stone Roses' "Fools Gold"....' (1992: 41), and acknowledges ecstasy, which induces euphoria, empathy and heightened sensations, as being a centrally important driving force behind the Madchester scene, and highlights the fusion of 'indie' rock music with dance music.

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1980s indie was not only, as Bannister notes, self-positioned away from mainstream music industry values, but often had an anti-government orientation... This oppositional element was largely missing from Britpop. Although some Britpop acts were on independent labels (for example, Oasis were signed to Creation), most were signed to mainstream labels, be they offshoots of majors (such as Blur on Food/EMI) or medium-sized companies (Pulp on Island). In some ways Britpop was indie's nemesis. It began as an offshoot of the independent British music scene but arguably ended up killing it, as a convergence took place between indie and mainstream, removing the distinctive 'protest' element of British-based independent music.

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affiliated with the Flying Nun label during the 1980s, whose legacy is celebrated among indie rock circles internationally' (Wilson and Holland 2018: 69). The Dunedin Sound produced bands such as the Chills and the Clean and many others emerged due to 'much intermingling of artists, with group members often moving from one group to another or playing for several groups at one time' (McLeay 1994: 38). While the Dunedin Sound was predominately associated with indie rock, Aotearoa has since produced diverse bands, such as the Datsuns, Suburban Reptiles and Die! Die! Die! that encompass a mix of genres, such as rock, punk and post-punk respectively.

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general sensibility, a preferencing of earlier aesthetics of pop rooted in the folksier, less improvisational genres of garage and psychedelic rock. As in the United States, it was a largely white, middle-class phenomenon, rooted in a nostalgia for an imagined, pre-corporate past (Hesmondhalgh 1999; Fonarow 2006), when there was still some aspect of everyday life as of yet outside the commodity system. In the UK, it could have been The Smiths or The Stone Roses who deserve to be called the first genuine indie rock bands, groups with a throwback 1960s sound and a fey, bookish disposition.

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most successful exponents are financially backed by the multinationals. Of the US$ 32 billion global music fiscal cake in 1996, 16 per cent of ownership rested with Sony whose umbrella sheltered Oasis (in its 49 per cent ownership of Oasis' one-time 'independent' base Creation Records); a 14 per cent share was held by Polygram whose subsidiary Island is home to Pulp; and 13 per cent was owned by EMI, whose artists include Blur (on offshoot Food Records). This seemingly confirms Adorno's fear (1991 : 87) that the

1524: 688: 1440:, media academic Roy Shuker states that "Grunge represented the mainstreaming of the North American indie rock ethic and style of the 1980s", going on to explain that a band's status as independent became "As much a marketing device as identifiable 'sound'". In the wake of this increased attention, indie rock experienced a split: accessible bands who catered to the now-popular alternative rock radio; and bands who continued to experiment, advancing in the underground. According to 2132: 1015: 3674:

abstract pop squall in the U.K. Both were led by male-female duos-Sonic Youth's Thurston Moore and Kim Gordon, Pixies' Black Francis and Kim Deal-and their music could feel like an ongoing 3 A.M. heart-to-heart, flipping from eerie whispers to alien croons to gnomic shouts. So when they signed to major labels-Pixies to Elektra in 1988 and Sonic Youth to Geffen in 1989-it was an acknowledgment that indie's reinvigorated version of rock might finally be market ready.

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Minneapolis' the Replacements, signed to Sire and released their major-label debut, Tim, a perfectly ragged collection of anthemic pleas written by singer/guitarist Paul Westerberg... Former hardcore punks Hüsker Dü (Minneapolis natives like the Replacements) recorded their major-label debut, Candy Apple Grey, for Warner Bros., a ten-song stunner of punk-pop head trips, but it never earned a nod from commercial radio. The moment's hopeful ambition faded...

2050: 1171: 495:, two movements influenced by indie rock, brought increased attention to the genre and saw record labels use their independent status as a marketing tactic. This led to a split within indie rock: one side conforming to mainstream radio; the other becoming increasingly experimental. By this point, "indie rock" referred to the musical style rather than ties to the independent music scene. In the 2000s, indie rock reentered the mainstream through the 1391: 707: 3419:

tended towards a slower, more hypnotic feel, increased use of the 'wall of guitars, more distortion, more aggression and a generally 'darker", gloomier, more 'rock' sound, contemporaneous with the increasing influence of groups like The Jesus and Mary Chain and Sonic Youth. The Jean-Paul Sartre Experience typify this progression, initially experimenting with pop and soul styles before settling into the classic indie mould.

7968: 7472: 1638:, the bands in the movement were advertised as being underground artists, as a means to compete commercially with the United States' grunge scene. While Britpop was stylistically indebted to indie rock and began as an offshoot of it, Britpop bands abandoned the genre's earlier anti-establishment politics and instead brought it into the mainstream, with bands like Blur and Pulp even signing to major labels. 7484: 642:, a key element of indie is the dichotomy between a "puritan ethos" and a "romantic one", with the former using austere ethics, and the latter being eccentric. This is best seen in the contrast between the indie music of United States and the United Kingdom in the 1990s, with British acts being flamboyant performers, while American acts used their lack of virtuosity as a mark of authenticity. 1662:" were released around the same time in the spring of 1992. He stated, "f Britpop started anywhere, it was the deluge of acclaim that greeted Suede's first records: all of them audacious, successful and very, very British." Suede were the first of the new crop of guitar-orientated bands to be embraced by the UK music media as Britain's answer to Seattle's grunge sound. Their debut album 4605:

to prominence in the latter half of the decade. One of the best early transmissions from the Elephant 6 collective of indie-psych-pop bands, On Avery Island is a collection of songs written by bandleader Jeff Mangum, recorded on a four-track reel-to-reel, and accompanied by a different backing band than the one that would fill out the legendary lineup heard on NMH's second release.

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Nirvana's success, and even Sonic Youth's safe major-label passage, a case of "we won," or just a pathetic grab for validation? Did former indie kids-now referred to as "alternative rockers"-really believe that major labels would bestow them with expense accounts and not ask for serious concessions? Nirvana had cited the R.E.M. Model

2375:, as the "one man who defined, embodied and lived Landfill Indie" due his forming of a "spectacularly middle-of-the-road" band despite his close proximity to the Libertines' "desperate kinetic energy, mythologised love-hate dynamic and vision of a dilapidated Britain animated by romance and narcotics". In a 2009 article for 986:. By this time, the term "indie rock" had begun to be used to describe the bands who produced music on independent record labels, rather than simply the record labels themselves. This made it the only genre at the time which was defined by the methods by which the music was distributed rather than the sound of said music. 1362:. Grebo bands were distinct from prior indie rock groups not only because of their broad influences, but their subversion of the twee or unhappy moods of most other bands in the genre, and their pursuit of a heavier sound and aesthetic. The scene came to include the stylistically similar bands of nearby Leicester: 2499:. The album also peaked at number one in Australia, Belgium (Flanders), Croatia, Slovenia, Denmark, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and Portugal, and reached top ten positions in several other countries. In the United States, the album sold 42,000 copies in its first week, and debuted at number six on the 4034:, p. 640: "Opposition and fluidity reside at the core of the genre's aesthetic. For example, as US rock band Nirvana succeeded commercially, indie fans grew more interested in post-rock and slow-core, both minimalist genres antithetical to Nirvana despite that band's origins within indie." 3645:

As major labels moved on to hump the L.A. hair-metal ass party, underground rockers began to lose their craving for mainstream validation. The new role models became uncompromising label owners like Greg Ginn of Southern California's SST, and Ian MacKaye of Washington, D.C.'s Dischord. SST, which had

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Though overshadowed by Neutral Milk Hotel's 1998 breakthrough album, In the Aeroplane Over the Sea, the band's debut from a couple of years earlier is no small feat of mid-'90s indie rock, and it helped keep the genre artistically relevant while other bands defected and other underground styles rose

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In the early 90's, two new bands, Sunny Day Real Estate and Jawbreaker, started the new wave of emo music. SDRE started the "post indie emo" genre. Bands that can be categorized under this genre could be Texas Is The Reason, Taking Back Sunday, Mineral and other music following those lines, that are

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There was nothing going on in the British music scene in 1984. Even the new romantic scene was dying a slow and painful death. Howard Jones, Eurythmics and Nik Kershaw were the bright new pop things and as far as the indie scene was concerned, it started and ended with the Smiths. American bands led

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As Wendy Fonarow argues, a tension between a puritan ethos (representing an austere aesthetics and ethics) and a romantic one (flamboyant and eccentric) has come to define indie music as a genre (Fonarow, 2006). This is mirrored in the genre's identity tug-of-war between a communal and individualist

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as of April 2021, the most out of any song, and As of 2017, it had charted on the UK Singles Chart in 11 of the last 13 years, including a 35-week run peaking at number 49 in 2016–2017. Furthermore, it was the UK's most streamed pre-2010 song, until it was surpassed in late 2018, and continued to be

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c.1991: Name for alternative rock bands, some of whom basically represented younger end of 'Grebo' genre, reputedly coined by band-booker at indie venue Harlow Square in recognition of similarity between scruffily attired groups/fans and characters from Muppets spin-off TV show Fraggle Rock. Bands:

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Grunge represented the mainstreaming of the North American indie rock ethic and style of the 1980s (Azerrad, 2001). As much a marketing device as an identifiable 'sound' (cf. alternative rock, which it is often conflated into), grunge initially developed in the Seattle area (USA) in the late 1980s,

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R.E.M., in their way, made the country seem less foreboding and more inclusive, replacing hardcore's iconoclasm with a warm invitation to less-hip kids who didn't live in California or the Northeast. "When I was 15 years old in Richmond, Virginia, they were a very important part of my life, as they

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If we take the definition of indie proposed by Bannister of 'small groups of white men playing guitars, influenced by punks and 1960s white pop/rock, within a broader discourse and practice of (degrees of) independence from mainstream musical values', much of its content applies to Britpop... Early

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In the UK, on the other hand, indie was used as a descriptive moniker from the mid- 1980s onwards, largely among industry insiders and journalists (Wendy Fonarow, personal communication, 2011). It referred, ostensibly, to the independent status of a band's record label, but also to something of its

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post-punk revival, but the constellation of stylistic influences which span this musical world are diverse indeed. The fresh face of this music, which began to appear around the turn of the millennium, remains a fairly significant commercial force (Harris 2003). It was likely the best known face of

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The British music industry seized on Britpop as the impetus to revive sagging fortunes following the early 1990s grunge-led American chart-sales hegemony. Britpop's indie identification signifies autonomy from the negatively viewed major record labels, conveniently hiding the fact that many of its

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Dunedin, the second-largest city in the South Island after Christchurch, known for its geographical isolation, Scottish heritage and Gothic architecture, 'in a very good way' (Chapman 2016: 13), would become famous for the 'Dunedin Sound'. The term 'refers loosely to the output of a number of acts

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identifies indie rock as including a number of "varying musical approaches compatible with mainstream tastes". Linked by an ethos more than a musical approach, the indie rock movement encompassed a wide range of styles, from hard-edged, grunge-influenced bands, through do-it-yourself experimental

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But none would have the cultural impact of Nirvana, and few would see any financial windfall. While Cobain became deeply conflicted about the media notoriety that came with Nevermind's popularity (he was constantly referred to as the voice of a generation), indie artists also grew ambivalent. Was

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The 'Madchester' scene was defined by what Redhead describes as 'hedonism in hard times' (1993). The emphasis was on partying in the post-industrial, 'no future' city. At the centre of this partying was the newly arrived drug, ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine or MDMA). The 'spectacular'

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Bookending this period were two bands: Sonic Youth spent the pre-indie era as a cooler-than-you, downtown New York art-noise clique before developing into a R.E.M.-like presence through the mid-to late '80s; and Boston's Pixies, who bypassed the U.S. indie circuit, first finding success for their

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If early indie's biggest bands were jangle pop groups like R.E.M. and The Smiths, then their relative success made them and similar groups no longer indie - in order to go on being different, the style had to go on remaining different from the mainstream. As the 1980s progressed, Flying Nun bands

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debuted at number four in the US, remaining on the Billboard charts for nearly one year and achieving platinum status and a Grammy nomination). This new commercial breakthrough and the widespread use of the term indie to other forms of popular culture, led a number of commentators to suggest that

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attitude of the bands and artists involved. Although distribution deals are often struck with major corporate companies, these labels and the bands they host have attempted to retain their autonomy, leaving them free to explore sounds, emotions and subjects of limited appeal to large, mainstream

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The styles performed by post-Britpop bands are often condensed down to the single label 'indie rock', which contains a myriad of young British artists with varying influences from punk, grunge, folk and electronic dance music. Critics are keen to characterise its key players as taking part in a

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But the two bands that came to exemplify indie rock in this period, and still define the term in many people's minds, were Pavement and Guided by Voices. A furtive collective from Northern California led by singer/guitarists "SM" (Stephen Malkmus) and "Spiral Stairs" (Scott Kannberg), Pavement

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Indie electronic or indietronica covers rock-based artists who share an affinity for electronic music, using samplers, synthesizers, drum machines, and computer programs. Less a style and more a categorization, it describes an early 1990s trend of acts who followed in the traditions of early

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By the mid-'80s, the raw sprawl of post-hardcore "underground rock" was coalescing, and after R.E.M.'s success, a number of bands started to think they could also buy in. Major-label reps were showing more interest... Still, in 1985, the most incorrigibly ill-behaved rock band in America,

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ethos. There is perhaps also a distinction to be made between an American brand of lo-fi indie bands for whom anti-virtuosity and non-style are badges of sincerity and authenticity, on the one hand, and the flamboyant performativity of Britpop indie bands like Pulp and Blur, on the other.

2078:, the band's intention musically was to sound like "a band from the past that took a time trip into the future to make their record." The album peaked at number thirty-three in the United States, staying in the charts for two additional years and debuted at number two on the 1064:

called it "the beginning of indie music". C86 became a descriptor in its own right, describing not only the bands on the tape but also bands who it influenced, often used alongside terms like "anorak pop" and "shambling". Some C86 bands found significant commercial success:

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states that Britpop "began as an offshoot of the independent British music scene but arguably ended up killing it, as a convergence took place between indie and mainstream, removing the distinctive 'protest' element of British-based independent music" Music journalist

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began. By this time, "indie" had evolved to refer to bands whose music was released on independent record labels, in addition to the record labels themselves. As the decade progressed many individual local scenes developed their own distinct takes on the genre:

4107:, p. 124: "Like many bands featured in this book, Galaxie 500 was a big influence on a successive subgenre of band within indie rock. In the case of this seminal Boston trio, they are seen as progenitors of what the music press came to call 'slowcore'". 1432:

magazine writer Carl Swanson argued that even the term "sellout" lost its meaning as grunge made it possible for a niche movement, no matter how radical, to be co-opted by the mainstream, cementing the formation of an individualist, fragmented culture.

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associated with the influential indie label, Sub Pop. Pearl Jam and Nirvana were the two most influential bands, credited as leading the commercial break through of grunge/alternative rock into a relatively moribund music scene in the early 1990s.

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defined indie rock as "small groups of white men playing guitars, influenced by punks and 1960s white pop/rock, within a broader discourse and practice of (degrees of) independence from mainstream musical values." According to anthropologist

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releasing albums on majors in the middle of the decade. While these albums did not see the same success as R.E.M., and major labels soon lost interest in the scene, they did have a large impact on younger bands. In the following years,

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started in the late '70s with Ginn's pioneering Black Flag, was a relentless force, signing up the most significant underground bands of the early to mid-'80s, including Minutemen, Hüsker Dü, Meat Puppets, Sonic Youth, Dinosaur Jr....

1422:, broke into the mainstream. The monumental success of these bands, particularly Nirvana, brought increased attention to the indie rock scene, which initiated a shift in which the indie rock descriptor became displaced by the term 3648:

As this shift took place in the underground scene, a new tag for the music began to crop up: "indie rock"... Unrest mixed winsome, strummy love songs with a brash, pop-culture irony that would later become a defining indie-rock

2439:(2017), which reached number one on the Billboard charts in the United States and the official chart in the United Kingdom, with Arcade Fire's album winning a Grammy for Album of The Year in 2011. Other indie rock acts like 1900:

and Britpop as a movement began to dissolve, emerging bands began to avoid the Britpop label while still producing music derived from it. After the decline of Britpop they began to gain more critical and popular attention.

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The success of the Strokes revitalised the then-dying underground post-Britpop scene in the United Kingdom with groups who took the band's influence and experimented with their sound. This first wave of UK acts included

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A younger subset of grebo bands emerged around 1991, who were in turn labelled "fraggle" bands. During this movement, the dominant sound was a style of indie rock that was heavily indebted to punk and Nirvana's album

1446:, it was during this split that "indie rock" solidified itself as a term for the style of music played by these underground artists, while the mainstream indie rock-influenced bands became termed alternative rock. 5122: 2334:

The impact of the Strokes, the Libertines and Bloc Party led to significant major label interest in indie rock artists, which was then exacerbated by the success of the Arctic Monkeys. In the years following

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were for all the members of our band," said Bob Nastanovich, of '90s indie-rock doyens Pavement... "They were the first band that the frat guys looked at and didn't say, 'Oh, let's beat up some fags.""...

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scene as early indie groups. However, this jangly style became increasingly mainstream as the decade progressed leading subsequent indie rock bands to abandon this style. Instead, in the following years

5340: 4267: 1312:" both entered the UK Top 40 and Stourbridge briefly became a tourist attraction for young indie rock fans. The seminal albums from the scene were released between 1989 and 1993: the Wonder Stuff's 6004: 1452:

developed in the United States as a direct counterpoint to the rapid growth of grunge. Although loosely defined, slowcore generally includes slow tempos, minimalist instrumentals and sad lyrics.

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over of a million units in the United States. As of the 14th of April 2023 every track from the album was certified silver or higher by the BPI with "Mad Sounds" being the last to be certified.

5557: 1426:. As a result, the term "alternative" lost its original counter-cultural meaning and began to refer to the new, commercially lighter form of music that was now achieving mainstream success. 3508: 1304:, "grebo" was broadly defined, and was used more as a name for the Stourbridge scene than as a genre label. However, the bands quickly gained attention: Pop Will Eat Itself's 1989 singles " 2351:, who created a more formulaic derivative of the earlier acts. By the end of the decade, critics had taken to referring to this wave of acts as "landfill indie", a description coined by 5709: 645:

Indie rock is noted for having a relatively high proportion of female artists compared with preceding rock genres, a tendency exemplified by the development of the feminist-informed

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concert headlined by the Stone Roses. With an attendance of around 28,000 and lasting twelve hours, it was the first event of its size and kind to be hosted by an independent act.

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accrediting the 1975 as the band to "usher indie into the mainstream", writer Mark Beaumont compared vocalist Matty Healy's influence on the genre to that of Libertines vocalist

6032: 5505: 2526:'s merger of indie rock and mainstream pop began gaining commercial attraction in the early 2010s, it was controversial; they received the award for "Worst Band" at the 2014 357:

that originated in the United Kingdom, United States and New Zealand in the early to mid-1980s. Although the term was originally used to describe rock music released through

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on the chart, Arctic Monkeys also broke a record, becoming the first independent-label band to debut at number one in the UK with their first five albums. As of June 2019,

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began to release music on independent labels indebted to these bands, and soon too picked up the categorisation of indie rock. As the 1980s closed, both Sonic Youth and

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followed suit in pressing and distributing their own records. Distribution was further improved with the establishment of 'The Cartel', an association of companies like

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purchased for download hundreds of times a week by 2017. In March 2018, the song reached the milestone of staying in the Top 100 of the UK Singles Chart for 200 weeks.

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emerged, as a continuation of the wall of sound production being used by groups like the Jesus and Mary Chain. The genre merged this with influences from

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and his government, which prompted satire or outright criticism. The scene saw bands take influence from punk rock, but strip away its aggression for a

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Additionally, a second wave of bands emerged in the United States that managed to gain international recognition as a result of the movement included

1720: 5565: 3885: 923:, its guitars were often jangly and droning and vocals indistinct. The following years, the Dunedin sound spread to other New Zealand cities such as 3969: 2620:

that "It's impossible to truly state just how important Wolf Alice are. They are the catalyst for almost all the amazing bands you've read about in

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writer Steven Kline described the style as "filthy guitars, filthier hair and t-shirts only a mother would wash". Prominent fraggle acts included

1006:'s lobbying against noncommercial station during the 1980s. In turn, the name "college rock" fell into disfavour, soon being replaced by "indie". 1002:

morphed the genre into a slower, darker and more hypnotic style. The number of college radio stations in the US decreased significantly following

1084:'s aggression to become a part of the underground music scene. This empowered an array of musicians, particularly those in what would become the 1052:. Intended to showcase the UK's current independent music scene, the album was made up of groups combining elements of jangle pop, post-punk and 1548:

as "the two bands that came to exemplify indie rock in this period, and still define the term in many people's minds". Both bands made use of a

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in 1992; the Wedding Present charted eighteen times in the Top 40; however many bands in its twenty-two track runtime also fell into obscurity.

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writer Tyler Clark stating that in 2019 it was still "an indie rock standard bearer in the wider world of music". Arctic Monkeys' fifth album

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writer Yasmine Summan stated that "If you could summarize 2013 and 2014 in one album for indie and alternative fans, it would be the 1975's

857:. Although the group was only around for a short time, their shows impressed the teenage musicians that came to see them, including a young 7374: 6831: 6149: 5717: 3559: 2193:

stating that "the Libertines wanted to be an important band, but they could not have predicted the impact they would have". Influenced by

1208:. For the first few years of its life, the club played predominantly club-oriented pop music and hosted performances by artists including 5676: 4504:

The DC emo scene exploded and became excessively popular amongst the underground. However, it fizzled out almost as fast as it had begun.

4131: 2007: 1681: 2403:, those three sent the whole donkey's arse of radio-friendly mainstream guitar band monotony flying high into the air, legs flailing." 1593:. describing a growing scene of indie-rock bands who were influenced by hardcore punk and post-punk. At the time, publications such as 1517: 4969: 2098:

as a stark contrast to the mainstream. The band's immediate influence allowed fellow classic rock influenced New York bands like the

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genre, by incorporating elements of it into their indie rock sound. Sunny Day Real Estate and other second wave emo bands, including

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Harding, Cortney (13 October 2007). "UpFront: The Indies – Where the Girls Aren't: Why Aren't More Women Running Indie Labels".

7292: 5801: 3857: 2417: 2122:. These groups were christened by parts of the media as the "The" bands, and dubbed "the saviours of rock 'n' roll", prompting 5482: 2306:, the band scrapped the majority of their prior material to rewrite it under the Strokes' influence. The band's debut single " 2225:

were three such acts to gain significant commercial success, although the most prominent post-Libertines band was Sheffield's

1132:, to create a dark and droning style so cacophonous that instruments were often indistinguishable. The genre was pioneered by 7999: 7515: 6060: 1468:

writer Robert Rubsam, calling them the "fountainhead for all that would come". The first wave of bands in the genre included

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distanced emo from its hardcore roots and allowed the genre to develop a much more realised scene than its first wave.

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bands of the latter half of the decade, who incorporated the jangly guitar tones of earlier indie rock and elements of

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Independent record labels would also be integral to the early years of punk rock musical distribution, as seen with

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states were the earliest indie rock groups. These bands' influence was showcased quickly seen in the formation of

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listed them as one of the most influential artists in music since 1995. In the 1975's wake, a number of other

814: 3344: 8009: 8004: 7267: 7237: 7042: 6992: 6942: 6033:"The accolades for U.K. rock band Wolf Alice are rolling in — but they're not letting it get to their heads" 6009: 5868: 5713: 5621: 4575: 2487:, having sold 157,329 copies, thus becoming the second fastest-selling album of the year. With the debut of 2230: 1301: 1239: 1213: 1097: 958:" by fans, another term which lacked any stylistic implication. The most prominent college rock bands were 7871: 7359: 6982: 6962: 6758: 5947: 4184:"Nine NME-invented scenes that shook the world (or didn't) from C86 to shroomadelica, fraggle and the NAM" 2357: 2242:

In this success, legacy indie bands soon entered the mainstream, including Modest Mouse (whose 2004 album

2150: 2071: 1715: 1494: 1266: 1178: 1061: 938:

stations, primarily in the United States, who would play independent artists of various genres, including

767: 564: 3288: 2920:

S. T. Erlewine, "American Alternative Rock / Post Punk", in V. Bogdanov, C. Woodstra and S. T. Erlewine,

2209:, the band's style of tinny, high register, sometimes acoustic, guitar parts topped by lyrics of British 1896:

took hold within the UK's indie rock scene. From about 1997, as dissatisfaction grew with the concept of

1704:

This style of emo broke into mainstream culture in the early 2000s, with the platinum-selling success of

1188:

was another style and scene that originated in the late 1980s. Defined by its merger of C86 indie rock,

7381: 7002: 6967: 6927: 6922: 6917: 6907: 6897: 6892: 6865: 6841: 6826: 6821: 6816: 6255: 5248: 5086: 2947: 2878: 2855: 2516: 2344: 1844: 1676: 1554: 1164: 1070: 229: 224: 4523: 4481: 1987:(2002), their most commercially successful album to that point, which spawned a series of hit singles. 1921:

in 1995 – achieved near-universal critical acclaim with their experimental third album

7816: 7211: 7180: 6977: 6972: 6957: 6952: 6937: 6912: 6902: 6732: 6720: 6695: 6504: 3970:"Every 'Big 4' (Alice in Chains, Nirvana, Pearl Jam, Soundgarden) Grunge Album, Ranked Worst to Best" 3480: 2584: 2257: 1878: 1820: 1756: 1651: 1595: 297: 5296: 4942: 4886: 4337:"Chapel Hill NC music scene, indie rock once called Next Seattle | Raleigh News & Observer" 3467:

by REM and the Paisley Underground scene were clearing up on the gig circuit and in the music press.

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artist gained popularity. Some critics termed this phenomenon "Healywave", which notably included:

2554: 2295: 2082:. When the Strokes made their commercial debut, the public perception of "rock music" was based in 2044: 1832: 1737: 1523: 1428: 1367: 1293: 1147: 1049: 990: 903: 775: 728: 687: 531:

The term indie rock, which comes from "independent", describes the small and relatively low-budget

496: 234: 7483: 2010:, establishing them as one of the most popular acts in the world by the time of their third album 1196:

rave culture, particularly its emphasis on the use of psychedelic drugs, the scene was centred in

6836: 6177: 6116: 6093: 5976: 5184: 4050: 3607: 3239: 2670:"Tall Dwarfs announce 'Unravelled: 1981–2002' box set; full discography streaming for first time" 2508: 2460: 2390: 2253: 1968: 1776: 1604: 1469: 839:, which would be particularly influential on the development of indie rock's sound. According to 832: 4318: 4235: 2830: 191: 5064: 4670: 3996: 2131: 2049: 1170: 7928: 7858: 7831: 7765: 7633: 7488: 7422: 7075: 6688: 6363: 6338: 6235: 5158: 5022: 4804: 4783: 4762: 4741: 4557: 3714: 3593: 3407: 3151: 3014: 2925: 2753: 2648: 2638: 2633: 2606: 2423: 2340: 2174: 2111: 2110:

to gain mainstream attention. The Strokes were accompanied in this commercial breakthrough by

2040: 1978: 1973: 1917: 1574: 1320: 1225: 1138: 1014: 920: 870: 802: 786: 666: 588: 500: 181: 143: 6094:"'You've got to go to gigs to get gigs': Indie musicians, eclecticism and the Brisbane scene" 5198: 4121: 3096: 2582:. Of this group, Pale Waves were particularly commercially prominent, with their debut album 2483:(2013) was one of the biggest indie rock albums of the decade, charting at number one on the 1736:. The popularity of emo, also allowed a number of "not-quite-indie-not-quite-emo" bands like 1566:

called the album "the quintessential indie rock album", placing it on the magazine's list of

7758: 7531: 7342: 7317: 7070: 7065: 6860: 6550: 6489: 6398: 6393: 6108: 4970:"The Strokes' world-changing 'Is This It' at 20: "They had a 'last gang in town' mentality"" 4623: 4078: 3485: 3147: 2596: 2539: 2503:

200 chart, becoming the band's highest-charting album in the United States. In August 2017,

2444: 2311: 2115: 1983: 1945: 1935: 1854: 1694: 1545: 1509: 1423: 1390: 1375: 1349: 1332: 1297: 1277: 1251: 1209: 1089: 1066: 979: 939: 866: 619: 545: 325: 282: 3071: 706: 540:

audiences. The influences and styles of the artists have been extremely diverse, including

7787: 7753: 7282: 7119: 6800: 6785: 6479: 6333: 6187: 6065: 5681: 5127: 4696: 4386: 4212: 3945: 3663: 3629: 3266: 2617: 2496: 2484: 2452: 2448: 2291: 2222: 2189: 2107: 2103: 2099: 2079: 1828: 1799: 1788: 1705: 1586: 1541: 1531: 1527: 1419: 1305: 1235: 1205: 1174: 912: 818: 623: 603: 576: 373: 244: 5863: 4911: 2903: 1911:(1997) was a worldwide hit and their commercial peak before they broke up in 1999, while 1201: 1093: 975: 759: 5433: 5224: 3694: 3097:"The Quietus | Features | A Quietus Interview | Organised Chaos: Swell Maps Interviewed" 2181:, who formed in 1997, stood as the UK's counterpoint to the Strokes, being described by 1309: 1257:

The Madchester scene's distinct combination of indie rock and dance music became termed

7953: 7906: 7626: 7577: 7452: 7417: 7195: 7185: 7168: 7151: 6795: 6780: 6753: 6748: 6710: 6484: 6474: 6318: 6283: 6197: 5046: 4645: 3589:

Our Band Could Be Your Life : Scenes from the American Indie Underground 1981-1991

2749: 2575: 2368: 2348: 2327: 2307: 2271: 2226: 2178: 2158: 2135: 1897: 1710: 1690: 1513: 1477: 1473: 1407: 1363: 1352:, sold millions of albums and were frequently featured on the covers of magazines like 1221: 943: 886: 751: 516: 508: 350: 287: 4183: 3806: 7988: 7724: 7692: 7565: 7560: 7457: 7437: 7386: 7332: 7163: 7134: 7060: 6885: 6790: 6768: 6683: 6610: 6570: 6423: 6343: 6250: 6120: 5892: 2275: 2262: 2214: 2170: 2124: 1964: 1940: 1874: 1858: 1760: 1745: 1698: 1664: 1578: 1499: 1289: 1285: 1143: 1129: 1110: 1085: 1081: 1074: 1057: 1041: 947: 916: 858: 854: 836: 794: 779: 639: 553: 481: 465: 428: 385: 365: 277: 254: 123: 56: 5461:"Why The Killers' Mr Brightside refuses to leave the Official Singles Chart Top 100" 3369: 361:, by the 1990s it became more widely associated with the music such bands produced. 7948: 7923: 7848: 7665: 7660: 7643: 7442: 7432: 7277: 7216: 7129: 7124: 7085: 6851: 6775: 6725: 6715: 6605: 6328: 6172: 5925: 4868: 3890: 3862: 3834: 3740: 3564: 3531: 2694: 2612: 2549: 2544: 2377: 2287: 2229:. One of the earliest groups to owe their initial commercial success to the use of 2210: 2017: 1893: 1741: 1659: 1635: 1627: 1559: 1358: 1217: 1181:

concert was the highest attendance performance by an independent artist of its time

1160: 1151: 1125: 1106: 1053: 955: 935: 924: 841: 747: 678: 658: 614:, Brent Luvaas described the genre as rooted in nostalgia, citing the influence of 607: 592: 448: 424: 389: 148: 100: 4155:

Hail! Hail! Rock'n'Roll The Ultimate Guide to the Music, the Myths and the Madness

3762:

Lashua, Brett; Spracklen, Karl; Yavuz, M. Selim; Wagg, Stephen (24 October 2018).

4943:"Indie Anthology: The Strokes release their influential debut album 'Is This It'" 4302: 3401: 7943: 7702: 7685: 7650: 7597: 7287: 7262: 7146: 7102: 6656: 6646: 6565: 6388: 6373: 6353: 6323: 6313: 6308: 6293: 6192: 6037: 5779: 5532:"From Britpop to 'landfill indie', lockdown forces us to face our musical pasts" 3918: 3442: 3188:

Gordon, Alastair; Dines, Mike; Guerra, Paula; Bestley, Russ (15 February 2021).

3167: 2571: 2412: 2386: 2299: 2283: 2095: 2083: 2075: 2061: 2053: 1923: 1907: 1780: 1772: 1725: 1631: 1623: 1549: 1453: 1415: 1395: 1314: 1273: 1258: 1189: 1155: 1102: 1045: 983: 882: 878: 862: 695: 662: 650: 615: 584: 520: 504: 469: 444: 420: 377: 330: 176: 133: 90: 3858:"A cold night of chemical hair: the reality of the Stone Roses at Spike Island" 3736:"Spike Island at 30: the Stone Roses gig was scary, shambolic – and pure bliss" 2726: 1224:

and the Smiths. The Madchester movement burgeoned by 1989, with the success of

7866: 7841: 7826: 7782: 7770: 7719: 7714: 7587: 7582: 7570: 7555: 7545: 7447: 7402: 7156: 7139: 7090: 6763: 6705: 6595: 6585: 6534: 6529: 6519: 6459: 6449: 6433: 6428: 6413: 6408: 6383: 6303: 6298: 6267: 6262: 6240: 6158: 6112: 5409:"Mr Brightside by The Killers has been in the UK charts every year since 2004" 2601: 2563: 2528: 2372: 2363: 2213:

pleasures in the vocalists' authentic English accents became widely imitated.

2202: 2166: 2066: 1886: 1870: 1862: 1850: 1836: 1797:

author Andrew Earles stated that the collective, namely Neutral Milk Hotel on

1752: 1582: 1552:

production style which romanticised their D.I.Y. ethos. Pavement's 1992 album

1485: 1481: 1348:. In this period, the scene's bands became fixtures, sometimes headliners, at 1326: 1281: 1197: 1185: 1114: 967: 959: 908: 885:. The punk-inspired aspects of the scene were often inspired by opposition to 846: 755: 726:

pinpoints the coining of the term "indie" to the 1977 self-publication of the

699: 691: 682: 654: 646: 627: 512: 461: 452: 432: 397: 393: 369: 354: 335: 292: 201: 46: 1622:, many of Britain's earlier indie rock bands fell into obscurity. Fronted by 7933: 7881: 7836: 7821: 7802: 7792: 7736: 7680: 7592: 7550: 7190: 7173: 7112: 6880: 6651: 6641: 6636: 6560: 6555: 6524: 6514: 6499: 6494: 6469: 6464: 6454: 6418: 6403: 6378: 6358: 6348: 4499: 2559: 2399: 2279: 2218: 2198: 2194: 2162: 2119: 1912: 1902: 1824: 1816: 1812: 1768: 1729: 1411: 1379: 1371: 1247: 951: 898: 894: 806: 771: 737: 733: 580: 572: 568: 549: 541: 536: 473: 436: 431:

in the United States. During the decade, indie rock bands like Sonic Youth,

381: 320: 315: 138: 128: 105: 80: 51: 3123:"The story of UK DIY: 131 experimental underground classics from 1977-1985" 2060:

The mainstream attention which indie rock garnered in the 2000s began with

1943:, used elements of a post-grunge and hardcore on their breakthrough albums 1158:. This scene was collectively termed "the Scene That Celebrates Itself" by 5977:"Get to know Healywave – the scene indebted to The 1975's signature sound" 4836: 4820: 1080:

In the United States, the popularity of R.E.M. allowed those disliking of

17: 7876: 7797: 7746: 7741: 7670: 6875: 6600: 6590: 6368: 6288: 6245: 6202: 5091: 4916: 4852: 4599:

Gimme Indie Rock 500 Essential American Underground Rock Albums 1981-1996

4476: 4414: 4410:"Pulp are getting back together for gigs in 2023, Jarvis Cocker confirms" 4126: 3974: 3536: 2773: 2616:(2021) being nominated. Writer Martin Young stated in a 2021 article for 2523: 2456: 2183: 2154: 2140: 2091: 2087: 1991: 1866: 1655: 1646: 1464: 1449: 1442: 1193: 1121: 1092:. Furthermore, major labels began to pursue underground bands, with both 1022: 928: 874: 798: 477: 440: 206: 158: 153: 5831: 4912:"And the most-played song on UK radio is... Chasing Cars by Snow Patrol" 3830:"Twisting my melon, man! The baggy, brilliant indie-rave summer of 1990" 2239:(2006) became the fastest-selling debut album in British chart history. 7807: 7638: 7412: 7221: 7095: 6846: 6626: 4946: 3886:"Wise up suckers! How grebo rivalled Britpop as the sound of 90s indie" 3212:"These Dunedin students want to revitalise the city's live music scene" 2579: 2463:

gaining platinum selling records. Vampire Weekend's third studio album

2451:

gained number one singles in the United States during the decade, with

2206: 1869:

and incorporated them into an indie rock context. The style began with

1840: 1619: 1612: 1504: 828: 492: 196: 85: 5622:"53 Annual Grammy Awards: Awards and Nominees 2010 (Official Webpage)" 4619:"Interstellar Pop Underground: A History of the Elephant 6 Collective" 2746:

Music and Manipulation: on the Social Uses and Social Control of Music

1915: – although having achieved moderate recognition with 1831:. Most musicians in the genre can be found on independent labels like 778:

who would take the releases from these small labels and get them into

7697: 6575: 2249: 1403: 1230: 963: 890: 488: 401: 95: 4801:

All Music Guide to Rock: the Definitive Guide to Rock, Pop, and Soul

4780:

All Music Guide to Rock: the Definitive Guide to Rock, Pop, and Soul

2922:

All Music Guide to Rock: the Definitive Guide to Rock, Pop, and Soul

2298:. The most commercially successful band of this wave was Las Vegas' 2012: 1073:; Primal Scream were critically acclaimed, receiving the first ever 1040:

compilation cassette, which consisted of tracks by groups including

7500: 6061:"MARTYN YOUNG'S TOP 10S: THE BEST BRITISH BANDS OF THE LAST DECADE" 5272: 4738:

Britpop!: Cool Britannia and the Spectacular Demise of English Rock

881:, who were an integral influence on the emergence of home-recorded 7775: 3403:

White Boys, White Noise: Masculinities and 1980s Indie Guitar Rock

3072:"Music for Misfits: The Story of Indie – Episode guide – BBC Four" 2256:(who in 2004 had two singles at the top of the Billboard magazine 2130: 2048: 2026:) is the most widely played song of the 21st century on UK radio. 1929: 1590: 1522: 1389: 1265:. Madchester and baggy's most infamous moment was the 27 May 1990 1262: 1169: 1013: 877:, and after it broke up, he went on to start the influential band 853:, which emerged as a post-punk group, whose members also included 705: 686: 560: 457: 185: 5629: 4438:

Beyond Subculture Pop, Youth and Identity in a Postcolonial World

2128:

magazine to declare on its September 2002 cover, "Rock is Back!"

1577:, an indie rock scene was being spearheaded by groups enfranched 69:

Early to mid-1980s, United Kingdom, United States and New Zealand

7337: 5506:"How landfill indie swallowed guitar music in the mid-Noughties" 3345:"Dunedin Sound - the sound of honesty? - Article | AudioCulture" 2532:, but by 2017 received "Best Live Band" at the same award show. 2512: 2056:

are one of the most influential bands to indie rock in the 2000s

1724:(2001). One particularly notable scene during this wave was the 1142:. The band's style influenced a wave of bands in London and the 7504: 6131: 5921:"The 1975 review – rock rebels usher indie into the mainstream" 5770:"Arctic Monkeys return to US top ten for first time since 2007" 2904:"Indie Rock – Significant Albums, Artists and Songs – AllMusic" 2604:

became a prominent force in the scene, with their second album

7917: 7675: 6631: 5981: 5948:"The 200 Most Important Artists of Pitchfork's First 25 Years" 5774: 5481:

Akinfenwa, Jumi; Joshi, Tara; Garland, Emma (27 August 2020).

5317: 4974: 4188: 3240:"New Zealand Indie: Beyond Flying Nun and the "Dunedin Sound"" 2782: 2187:

as "one of the U.K.'s most influential 21st century acts" and

1686: 1036: 1030: 1003: 719: 523:

and indie rock proliferated into the landfill indie movement.

511:. This success was exacerbated in the middle of the decade by 419:

cassette in the United Kingdom and the underground success of

415: 406: 6127: 4459:

The Last Party: Britpop, Blair and the Demise of English Rock

4210:

Aaron, Charles (October 2005). "Notes from the Underground".

3943:

Aaron, Charles (October 2005). "Notes from the Underground".

3661:

Aaron, Charles (October 2005). "Notes from the Underground".

3627:

Aaron, Charles (October 2005). "Notes from the Underground".

3560:"Reel lives: how I tracked down the class of NME's C86 album" 2970:

Labouring the Point? The Politics of Britain in "New Britain"

2856:"Joy Division: The Pioneers Of Indie Rock – CloudKickerMusic" 1990:

The most commercially successful band in the millennium were

1643:

Labouring the Point? The Politics of Britain in "New Britain"

989:

Journalist Steve Taylor also cited the bands involved in the

817:," on their own "Fatal Records" label. This was followed by 5677:"How Did Arctic Monkeys Become the Biggest Band in Britain?" 5123:"After The Libertines: What today's bands owe Carl and Pete" 3190:

Trans-Global Punk Scenes The Punk Reader Volume 2 · Volume 2

3011:

Gender in the Music Industry: Rock, Discourse and Girl Power

2330:

are one of the most commercially successful indie rock bands

2233:, the Arctic Monkeys had two No. 1 singles, and their album 1981:, they moved to a more reflective and introspective mode on 1654:

has suggested that Britpop began when Blur's fourth single "

5710:"Arctic Monkeys make Official Albums Chart history with AM" 5364:"The Killers set new UK chart record with 'Mr. Brightside'" 5065:"The term 'landfill indie' is nothing but musical snobbery" 2739: 2737: 630:, in addition to a lyrical preoccupation with literature. 364:

The sound of indie rock has its origins in the New Zealand

4998:"Is This It' at 20: How The Strokes changed music forever" 4671:"Indie Electronic – Significant Albums, Artists and Songs" 1615:" stereotype, and as a defining anthem of 90s indie rock. 4554:

Turn on your Mind: Four Decades of Great Psychedelic Rock

4046:"Slowcore isn't making a comeback, it's always been here" 3592:(First Back Bay paperback ed.). Boston. p. 94. 3046: 2610:(2017) winning the Mercury Prize in 2018 and third album 2310:" spent 260 non-consecutive weeks, or five years, on the 2144:

as "one of the U.K.'s most influential 21st century acts"

873:. Knox later formed another short-lived punk band called 4363:"Merge Records and the Explosion of American Indie Rock" 3914:""A Burst Of Dirty Thunder": The Rise And Fall Of Grebo" 3267:"Tall Dwarfs – Music Biography, Credits and Discography" 2778:"The Velvet Underground: As influential as The Beatles?" 2411:

There continued to be commercial successes in the 2010s

1204:

nightclub, which opened in May 1982 as an initiative of

404:. The genre solidified itself during the mid–1980s with 5893:"10 incredible alternative albums that turn 10 in 2023" 5313:"The Strokes talk about their rivalry with The Killers" 1955:(1999), before moving into more melodic territory with 439:

all released albums on major labels and subgenres like

5852:

in the "Search BPI Awards" field and then press Enter.

5483:"The Top 50 Greatest Landfill Indie Songs of All Time" 5435:(What's The Story) Morning Glory? [Remastered] 4713:

Rock: The Primary Text Developing a Musicology of Rock

4548: 4546: 4167:

Ned's Atomic Dustbin, Senseless Things, Mega City Four

3315:"Anything Could Happen - Flying Nun History 1980-1995" 954:. The bands broadcast on these station became dubbed " 5604:"Peter Robinson on the death of landfill indie music" 3234: 3232: 612:

DIY Style: Fashion, Music and Global Digital Cultures

5080: 5078: 4115: 4113: 3938: 3936: 2944:

DIY Style Fashion, Music and Global Digital Cultures

2879:"Wire Looks Back on Its Pioneering Art Punk Trilogy" 2805:"The Ugly Truths of Loving the Fall's Mark E. Smith" 7894: 7857: 7610: 7538: 7395: 7301: 7255: 7230: 7204: 7053: 6809: 6741: 6676: 6669: 6619: 6543: 6442: 6276: 6228: 6213: 6165: 5113: 5111: 5109: 2385:cited the landfill indie movement as dead, blaming 306: 263: 215: 167: 114: 73: 65: 39: 34: 6092: 4711:Moore, Allan F; Martin, Remy (28 September 2018). 3711:The Guinness Who's Who of Indie and New Wave Music 2831:"Did Joy Division Create Indie Rock? | Ben Vaughn" 2070:. Playing a style indebted to '60s-70s bands like 1339:This Is the Day...This Is the Hour...This Is This! 5390:"'Mr. Brightside' Will Never Die, And Here's Why" 4782:(Milwaukee, WI: Backbeat Books, 3rd edn., 2002), 3370:"Dunedin Sound genre | Artists, music and albums" 3289:"Popular music in New Zealand from 1900 to today" 2924:(Milwaukee, WI: Backbeat Books, 3rd edn., 2002), 2397:by stating "If landfill indie had been a game of 1462:(1989), were heavy influences on the genre, with 1276:, a scene of indie bands who took influence from 4556:(Milwaukee, WI: Hal Leonard Corporation, 2003), 4177: 4175: 3429: 3427: 2588:peaking at number eight on the UK albums chart, 1892:As Britpop waned towards the end of the decade, 4761:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2004), 2713: 2711: 2600:(2022) at number four. At around the same time 2267:indie rock had ceased to be a meaningful term. 1732:to create the distinctive style of groups like 1668:for the fastest-selling debut album in the UK. 5642: 5640: 4524:"The beginner's guide to the evolution of emo" 4480:. Retrieved on 21 January 2011. Archived from 3146:Lazell, Barry (1997). "Indie Hits 1980–1989", 2248:reached the US top 40 and was nominated for a 1819:. Progenitors of the genre were English bands 1261:by critics, or more specifically the subgenre 934:The decade then saw the growing popularity of 813:had their first punk release outside the US, " 7516: 6143: 5649:"Did Vampire Weekend Win the Indie Rock Age?" 4799:V. Bogdanov, C. Woodstra and S. T. Erlewine, 4778:V. Bogdanov, C. Woodstra and S. T. Erlewine, 4732: 4730: 2471:Grammy Award for Best Alternative Music Album 2337:Whatever People Say I Am, That's What I'm Not 2236:Whatever People Say I Am, That's What I'm Not 1498:album, while also occasionally making use of 845:, one of the earliest Dunedin Sound band was 8: 5832:"British certifications – Arctic Monkeys" 5476: 5474: 5454: 5452: 3392: 3390: 3205: 3203: 2455:, Florence and the Machine, Arctic Monkeys, 2260:) and Death Cab for Cutie (whose 2005 album 487:During the 1990s, the mainstream success of 4382:"Ten Early 90s Indie Songs That Say It All" 2963: 2961: 2339:there was a proliferation of bands such as 1120:In the late 1980s, the indie rock subgenre 7854: 7523: 7509: 7501: 6673: 6225: 6150: 6136: 6128: 5802:"American certifications – Arctic Monkeys" 4937: 4935: 4517: 4515: 3612:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3509:"How an NME cassette launched indie music" 2495:has spent 300 weeks in the top 100 of the 1873:in the 1980s, with later groups including 31: 5806:Recording Industry Association of America 5558:"Does the world need another indie band?" 5155:Career Building Through Social Networking 5021:(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), 4576:"The Van Pelt – Artisans & Merchants" 1977:(2001). After the death of their drummer 1721:The Places You Have Come to Fear the Most 1603:the "next Seattle". Superchunk's single " 901:1981 debut single "Tally-Ho!" and 1982's 392:radio stations who would frequently play 5205:, vol. 26, no. 4, ISSN 0886-3032, p. 95. 2322: 1558:, was one of the defining albums of the 4665: 4663: 4661: 4659: 3764:Sounds and the City Volume 2 · Volume 2 3406:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 87. 2744:Brown, Steven; Volgsten, Ulrik (2006). 2660: 797:who released the first UK punk single " 5812:from the original on 24 September 2022 5493:from the original on 11 November 2022. 4461:; John Harris; Harper Perennial; 2003. 4104: 4031: 3605: 2245:Good News for People Who Love Bad News 998:and Flying Nun Records bands like the 831:produced the independent record label 5059: 5057: 5019:101 Albums That Changed Popular Music 4759:Popular Music Genres: an Introduction 4319:"Chapel Hill, N.C.: The new Seattle?" 3210:McConnell, Glenn (15 February 2023). 724:Music for Misfits: The Story of Indie 563:, experimental and art rock sound of 7: 7375:Rock music and the fall of communism 5311:Britton, Luke Morgan (15 May 2017). 4596:Earles, Andrew (15 September 2014). 1599:took to calling the college town of 5778:. 19 September 2013. Archived from 5407:Westbrook, Caroline (20 May 2017). 5199:"The 'New Rock Revolution' fizzles" 5177:"Arctic Monkeys make chart history" 4074:"The Beginner's Guide To: Slowcore" 3481:"The Rise and Fall of College Rock" 3456:Taylor, Steve (27 September 2006). 2695:"The Clean | NZ Music Hall of Fame" 2094:, putting their throwback style of 1807:electronic music (composers of the 1568:the 500 greatest albums of all time 1398:to breakthrough into the mainstream 1386:1990s: Mainstream–underground split 1136:on their early EPs and debut album 595:would be influential to the genre. 6059:Young, Martin (14 February 2021). 5975:Connick, Tom (21 September 2018). 5891:Summan, Yasmine (6 January 2023). 5708:Lane, Daniel (15 September 2013). 5628:, 23 November 2004, archived from 4885:Stephen M. Deusner (1 June 2009), 4803:(Backbeat Books, 3rd edn., 2002), 4380:Thornton, Tim (24 November 2015). 4072:Rosean, Samuel (31 January 2019). 3788:, Aurum Press, London, 2009, p 233 3479:Svenonius, Ian (23 October 2015). 3265:Ankeny, Jason (11 February 1997). 2991:Barker, Nicola (20 October 2020). 1518:Carter the Unstoppable Sex Machine 1456:, particularly their second album 1406:scene, and its most visible acts, 1021:pioneered the indie rock subgenre 25: 5750:from the original on 19 June 2019 5388:Thompson, Stephen (4 June 2017). 4887:"Coldplay LeftRightLeftRightLeft" 4268:"500 Greatest Albums of All Time" 4086:from the original on 14 June 2023 3968:Childers, Chad (7 October 2022). 2395:Joe Lean & the Jing Jang Jong 2035:Post-punk and garage rock revival 7967: 7966: 7482: 7471: 7470: 5689:from the original on 15 May 2018 5582:"Clearing up the indie landfill" 5241:"Death Cab for Cutie: Biography" 4301:Fidler, Daniel (November 1992). 4236:"A Rough Guide To: Slacker Rock" 4134:from the original on 24 May 2023 4120:Rubsam, Robert (27 April 2017). 3586:Azerrad, Michael (2 July 2002). 3293:my.christchurchcitylibraries.com 2407:2010s–present: Continued success 2302:. Formed in 2001, after hearing 1958:Just Enough Education to Perform 1685:(1994), began a new wave of the 1611:magazine with popularizing the " 1402:In the early 1990s, the Seattle 714:performing in California in 2007 535:on which it is released and the 7293:Progressive rock (radio format) 5919:Beaumont, Mark (6 March 2016). 5042:New bands race for rock stardom 4602:. Voyageur Press. p. 219. 4182:Beaumont, Mark (27 July 2018). 4153:Harris, John (7 January 2010). 4011:Popular Music: The Key Concepts 3558:Tassell, Nige (8 August 2022). 3458:The A to X of Alternative Music 1748:to gain significant attention. 1540:writer Charles Aaron described 1438:Popular Music: The Key Concepts 606:, to punk-folk singers such as 5675:O'Neill, Lauren (9 May 2018). 5580:S. Reynolds (4 January 2010). 5556:T., Walker (21 January 2010), 5039:I. Youngs (October 22, 2002), 4996:Golsen, Tyler (30 July 2021). 4522:Connick, Tom (30 April 2018). 3997:"Are We Still Living in 1993?" 3884:Sword, Harry (29 March 2018). 3734:Barnett, David (27 May 2020). 1961:(2001) and subsequent albums. 1394:The success of grunge allowed 1: 5836:British Phonographic Industry 5530:Beaumont, Mark (4 May 2020). 5459:Copsey, Rob (16 March 2018). 5287:R. Maddux (26 January 2010), 5215:J. Arndt (23 November 2004), 4436:Huq, Rupa (24 January 2007). 4009:Shuker, Roy (27 March 2017). 3999:, retrieved 26 February 2013. 3507:N. Hasted (27 October 2006), 3168:"The Go-Betweens – The Vogue" 3047:"A definition of indie music" 2993:Nicola Barker Critical Essays 1200:. The scene was based around 897:–influenced sound. Marked by 5740:"Weekly Rock Chart Round-Up" 5339:Copsey, Rob (1 April 2021). 5263:K. Korducki (17 July 2007), 4968:Daly, Rhian (30 July 2021). 4875:, retrieved 3 December 2010. 4859:, retrieved 3 December 2010. 4843:, retrieved 3 December 2010. 4122:"Slowcore: A Brief Timeline" 4044:Kahn, Jamie (13 June 2022). 3856:Stanley, Bob (27 May 2015). 3799:"Chapter Three – Madchester" 3121:Dale, Jon (1 October 2014). 3013:(Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007), 2668:Pearis, Bill (8 June 2022). 2644:List of indie rock musicians 1755:collective – which included 1607:" has also been credited by 1336:; and Pop Will Eat Itself's 835:, whose artists defined the 622:of the 1960s in progenitors 7323:List of years in rock music 5647:Clark, Tyler (8 May 2019). 5362:Moore, Sam (1 April 2021). 5175:A. Kumi (30 January 2006), 5087:"Biography: the Libertines" 4827:, retrieved 3 January 2010. 4574:Mair, Rob (15 March 2023). 2968:Huq, Rupa (15 April 2016). 2594:(2021) at number three and 2466:Modern Vampires of the City 2064:and their 2001 debut album 2003:A Rush of Blood to the Head 1927:(1997), and its follow-ups 1883:Godspeed You! Black Emperor 1345:The Looks or the Lifestyle? 1000:Jean-Paul Sartre Experience 8026: 7656:Christian alternative rock 7428:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame 5504:Power, Ed (28 July 2019). 5045:, BBC News, archived from 4853:"Feeder: Comfort in Sound" 4472:"British Alternative Rock" 4470:Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. 4278:- Pavement. Archived from 3828:Muggs, Joe (7 July 2020). 2877:Hart, Ron (21 June 2018). 2231:Internet social networking 2038: 1645:, politician and academic 754:movement where bands like 676: 7962: 7466: 7350:Electronics in rock music 7016:Hard rock and heavy metal 6510:Pub rock (United Kingdom) 6113:10.1080/10304310802311618 5343:. Official Charts Company 5217:"Bright Eyes Sees Double" 4757:S. Borthwick and R. Moy, 4159:Little, Brown and Company 3786:The North Will Rise Again 2421:(2010), the Black Keys's 2030:2000s: Mainstream success 2020:" (from their 2006 album 1994:, whose first two albums 1952:Performance and Cocktails 1787:– merged indie rock with 1785:the Olivia Tremor Control 1324:; Ned's Atomic Dustbin's 359:independent record labels 311: 268: 220: 172: 119: 7939:Independent record label 7328:Origins of rock and roll 5131:. London. Archived from 4494:Cateforis, Theo (2013). 2624:over the last 5 years." 2441:Florence and the Machine 2427:(2014), Kings of Leon's 1809:BBC Radiophonic Workshop 1117:signed to major labels. 996:the Jesus and Mary Chain 764:Television Personalities 712:The Jesus and Mary Chain 7268:Adult album alternative 5714:Official Charts Company 5465:Official Charts Company 4740:(Da Capo Press, 2004), 4507:often confused for emo. 4496:The Rock History Reader 3713:. Guinness Publishing. 2515:for combined sales and 2016:(2005). Snow Patrol's " 1292:by critics. Fronted by 1028:In the United Kingdom, 825:' a few months later. 789:in the US, who put out 7360:Rock Against Communism 6759:Brazilian thrash metal 3709:Larkin, Colin (1992). 3349:www.audioculture.co.nz 2942:Luvaas, Brent (2012). 2517:album-equivalent units 2433:(2016), the Killers's 2331: 2145: 2072:the Velvet Underground 2057: 1716:Dashboard Confessional 1573:In the North Carolina 1534: 1399: 1182: 1025: 1010:1986–1990: Development 861:, who went on to form 715: 703: 565:the Velvet Underground 8000:2000s fads and trends 7382:Rockism and poptimism 6842:British rock and roll 5265:"Is indie rock dead?" 4276:Slanted and Enchanted 4266:Staff (31 May 2012). 2948:Bloomsbury Publishing 2542:". In an article for 2345:the Pigeon Detectives 2326: 2134: 2052: 1845:Ghostly International 1677:Sunny Day Real Estate 1658:" and Suede's debut " 1555:Slanted and Enchanted 1526: 1393: 1173: 1071:Madison Square Garden 1017: 745:ependent record label 709: 690: 567:as well as late '70s 503:and the influence of 7817:New wave of new wave 7217:Sahara desert region 6505:Pub rock (Australia) 6091:Rogers, Ian (2008). 6031:Wolgamott, L. Kent. 5720:on 29 September 2013 5592:on 17 November 2011. 5275:on 16 September 2011 4717:Taylor & Francis 4442:Taylor & Francis 4015:Taylor & Francis 3313:Bannister, Matthew. 2974:Taylor & Francis 2585:My Mind Makes Noises 2469:(2013) received the 2258:Hot 100 Single Sales 1879:Flying Saucer Attack 1757:the Apples in Stereo 1751:The loosely defined 1596:Entertainment Weekly 1302:Ned's Atomic Dustbin 1069:went on to sell out 7902:Alternative Airplay 7872:Neue Deutsche Härte 7730:Paisley Underground 7622:Alternative country 7408:List of rock genres 7370:Rock Against Sexism 7365:Rock Against Racism 7273:Album-oriented rock 6003:Griffiths, George. 5221:Soul Shine Magazine 5071:. 1 September 2020. 4949:. 19 September 2022 4790:, pp. 911 and 1192. 4699:on 13 February 2020 4484:on 9 December 2010. 4343:on 28 February 2021 3768:Springer Publishing 3697:on 24 February 2011 3462:Bloomsbury Academic 3445:on 29 December 2010 2858:. 14 September 2022 2776:(21 October 2014). 2540:self-titled release 2436:Wonderful Wonderful 2045:Garage rock revival 1738:Death Cab For Cutie 1368:Gaye Bykers on Acid 1294:Pop Will Eat Itself 1134:My Bloody Valentine 1050:the Wedding Present 1019:My Bloody Valentine 991:Paisley Underground 970:, from the UK, who 966:, from the US, and 776:Rough Trade Records 649:music of acts like 633:In this same vein, 192:alternative R&B 27:Genre of rock music 5782:on 1 February 2014 5610:. 17 January 2009. 5293:Paste Magazine.com 5049:on January 4, 2009 4646:"Indie Electronic" 4408:Minelle, Bethany. 4304:Robbing the cradle 3325:on 28 October 2017 2461:the Postal Service 2459:, the Killers and 2391:Scouting For Girls 2332: 2146: 2138:were described by 2058: 1777:Neutral Milk Hotel 1765:Circulatory System 1605:Slack Motherfucker 1535: 1470:Red House Painters 1400: 1183: 1026: 833:Flying Nun Records 768:Desperate Bicycles 750:. This inspired a 716: 704: 673:1977–1985: Origins 480:in London and the 388:, and early 1980s 7982: 7981: 7929:Independent music 7890: 7889: 7859:Alternative metal 7832:Post-punk revival 7766:Latin alternative 7634:Alternative dance 7498: 7497: 7423:Progressive music 7251: 7250: 6689:Palm Desert Scene 6665: 6664: 6339:Experimental rock 6236:Instrumental rock 5898:Alternative Press 5864:"Music: The 1975" 5510:Independent.co.uk 5187:on 23 August 2011 5119:Thornton, Anthony 5085:Phares, Heather. 4650:WeAreTheGuard.com 4617:Shook Jr, Lee M. 4529:Alternative Press 4367:Columbia Magazine 4307:. SPIN Media LLC. 3513:Independent.co.uk 3413:978-1-4094-9374-7 3398:Matthew Bannister 2835:www.benvaughn.com 2811:. 26 January 2018 2748:. New York City: 2729:on 5 January 2011 2649:Underground music 2639:Indie music scene 2634:Independent music 2607:Visions of a Life 2535:Alternative Press 2361:magazine. A 2020 2112:the White Stripes 2041:Post-punk revival 1734:American Football 1618:With the rise of 1575:Research Triangle 1530:singer/guitarist 1321:Never Loved Elvis 1240:self-titled debut 1226:the Happy Mondays 972:Matthew Bannister 871:Straitjacket Fits 793:debut album, and 791:The Modern Lovers 787:Beserkley Records 729:Spiral Scratch EP 635:Matthew Bannister 501:post-punk revival 344: 343: 182:Alternative dance 144:post-punk revival 40:Stylistic origins 16:(Redirected from 8017: 7970: 7969: 7855: 7759:Industrial metal 7532:Alternative rock 7525: 7518: 7511: 7502: 7486: 7474: 7473: 7343:Rhythm and blues 7318:British Invasion 6674: 6551:Alternative rock 6490:Post-progressive 6399:Psychedelic rock 6394:Progressive rock 6226: 6222: 6216:decade of origin 6152: 6145: 6138: 6129: 6124: 6096: 6078: 6077: 6075: 6073: 6056: 6050: 6049: 6047: 6045: 6028: 6022: 6021: 6019: 6017: 6000: 5994: 5993: 5991: 5989: 5972: 5966: 5965: 5963: 5961: 5956:. 4 October 2021 5944: 5938: 5937: 5935: 5933: 5916: 5910: 5909: 5907: 5905: 5888: 5882: 5881: 5879: 5877: 5872:. 7 January 2019 5860: 5854: 5846: 5844: 5842: 5828: 5822: 5821: 5819: 5817: 5798: 5792: 5791: 5789: 5787: 5766: 5760: 5759: 5757: 5755: 5746:. 19 June 2019. 5736: 5730: 5729: 5727: 5725: 5716:. 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Hunters Club 1350:Reading Festival 1298:the Wonder Stuff 1288:emerged, dubbed 1252:Inspiral Carpets 1214:Cabaret Voltaire 1165:Steve Sutherland 1098:the Replacements 1088:scene as led by 1067:the Soup Dragons 980:the Housemartins 940:alternative rock 867:the DoubleHappys 620:psychedelic rock 412: 326:alternative rock 74:Derivative forms 66:Cultural origins 32: 21: 8025: 8024: 8020: 8019: 8018: 8016: 8015: 8014: 7985: 7984: 7983: 7978: 7958: 7886: 7853: 7788:Neo-psychedelia 7754:Industrial rock 7613: 7606: 7534: 7529: 7499: 7494: 7462: 7391: 7311: 7297: 7283:Mainstream rock 7247: 7226: 7200: 7049: 6805: 6737: 6670:Regional scenes 6661: 6615: 6539: 6480:Industrial rock 6438: 6334:Electronic rock 6272: 6220: 6219:(sub-subgenres 6218: 6217: 6215: 6209: 6188:Electric guitar 6161: 6156: 6090: 6087: 6082: 6081: 6071: 6069: 6058: 6057: 6053: 6043: 6041: 6030: 6029: 6025: 6015: 6013: 6010:Official Charts 6002: 6001: 5997: 5987: 5985: 5974: 5973: 5969: 5959: 5957: 5946: 5945: 5941: 5931: 5929: 5918: 5917: 5913: 5903: 5901: 5890: 5889: 5885: 5875: 5873: 5862: 5861: 5857: 5840: 5838: 5830: 5829: 5825: 5815: 5813: 5800: 5799: 5795: 5785: 5783: 5768: 5767: 5763: 5753: 5751: 5738: 5737: 5733: 5723: 5721: 5707: 5706: 5702: 5692: 5690: 5674: 5673: 5669: 5659: 5657: 5646: 5645: 5638: 5620: 5619: 5615: 5602: 5601: 5597: 5579: 5578: 5574: 5568:on 4 March 2010 5555: 5554: 5550: 5540: 5538: 5529: 5528: 5524: 5514: 5512: 5503: 5502: 5498: 5480: 5479: 5472: 5458: 5457: 5450: 5441: 5439: 5432: 5431: 5427: 5417: 5415: 5406: 5405: 5401: 5387: 5386: 5382: 5372: 5370: 5361: 5360: 5356: 5346: 5344: 5338: 5337: 5333: 5323: 5321: 5310: 5309: 5305: 5299:on 3 April 2011 5286: 5285: 5281: 5262: 5261: 5257: 5238: 5237: 5233: 5214: 5213: 5209: 5196: 5192: 5174: 5173: 5169: 5157:(Rosen, 2007), 5152: 5148: 5138: 5136: 5128:The Independent 5117: 5116: 5107: 5097: 5095: 5084: 5083: 5076: 5063: 5062: 5055: 5038: 5037: 5033: 5016: 5012: 5002: 5000: 4995: 4994: 4990: 4980: 4978: 4967: 4966: 4962: 4952: 4950: 4941: 4940: 4933: 4923: 4921: 4910: 4909: 4905: 4895: 4893: 4884: 4883: 4879: 4867: 4863: 4851: 4847: 4835: 4831: 4821:"Stereophonics" 4819: 4815: 4798: 4794: 4777: 4773: 4756: 4752: 4735: 4728: 4710: 4709: 4705: 4687: 4686: 4682: 4669: 4668: 4657: 4644: 4643: 4639: 4629: 4627: 4616: 4615: 4611: 4595: 4594: 4590: 4580: 4578: 4573: 4572: 4568: 4551: 4544: 4534: 4532: 4521: 4520: 4513: 4505: 4502:. p. 354. 4493: 4492: 4488: 4469: 4465: 4457: 4453: 4444:. p. 142. 4435: 4434: 4430: 4420: 4418: 4407: 4406: 4402: 4392: 4390: 4387:Huffington Post 4379: 4378: 4374: 4361: 4360: 4356: 4346: 4344: 4335: 4334: 4330: 4317: 4316: 4312: 4300: 4299: 4295: 4285: 4283: 4262: 4261: 4257: 4247: 4245: 4244:. 27 April 2021 4234: 4233: 4229: 4209: 4208: 4204: 4194: 4192: 4181: 4180: 4173: 4152: 4151: 4147: 4137: 4135: 4119: 4118: 4111: 4103: 4099: 4089: 4087: 4071: 4070: 4066: 4056: 4054: 4043: 4042: 4038: 4030: 4026: 4017:. p. 162. 4008: 4007: 4003: 3994: 3990: 3980: 3978: 3967: 3966: 3962: 3942: 3941: 3934: 3924: 3922: 3911: 3910: 3906: 3896: 3894: 3883: 3882: 3878: 3868: 3866: 3855: 3854: 3850: 3840: 3838: 3827: 3826: 3822: 3812: 3810: 3797: 3796: 3792: 3783: 3779: 3770:. p. 305. 3761: 3760: 3756: 3746: 3744: 3733: 3732: 3728: 3721: 3708: 3707: 3703: 3685: 3684: 3680: 3660: 3659: 3655: 3647: 3644: 3641: 3626: 3625: 3621: 3604: 3600: 3585: 3584: 3580: 3570: 3568: 3557: 3556: 3552: 3542: 3540: 3530: 3529: 3525: 3519:on 27 July 2012 3506: 3505: 3501: 3491: 3489: 3478: 3477: 3473: 3464:. p. 129. 3455: 3454: 3450: 3433: 3432: 3425: 3414: 3396: 3395: 3388: 3378: 3376: 3368: 3367: 3363: 3353: 3351: 3343: 3342: 3338: 3328: 3326: 3319:Under the Radar 3312: 3311: 3307: 3297: 3295: 3287: 3286: 3282: 3272: 3270: 3264: 3263: 3259: 3249: 3247: 3238: 3237: 3230: 3220: 3218: 3209: 3208: 3201: 3187: 3186: 3182: 3172: 3170: 3166: 3165: 3161: 3145: 3141: 3131: 3129: 3120: 3119: 3115: 3105: 3103: 3095: 3094: 3090: 3080: 3078: 3070: 3069: 3065: 3055: 3053: 3045: 3044: 3040: 3030: 3029: 3025: 3008: 3004: 2990: 2989: 2985: 2967: 2966: 2959: 2941: 2940: 2936: 2919: 2915: 2902: 2901: 2897: 2887: 2885: 2876: 2875: 2871: 2861: 2859: 2854: 2853: 2849: 2839: 2837: 2829: 2828: 2824: 2814: 2812: 2803: 2802: 2798: 2788: 2786: 2772: 2771: 2767: 2760: 2752:. p. 194. 2743: 2742: 2735: 2717: 2716: 2709: 2699: 2697: 2693: 2692: 2688: 2678: 2676: 2667: 2666: 2662: 2657: 2630: 2497:UK Albums Chart 2485:UK Albums Chart 2453:Vampire Weekend 2449:LCD Soundsystem 2409: 2353:Andrew Harrison 2321: 2292:the Hold Steady 2190:the Independent 2151:Franz Ferdinand 2108:TV on the Radio 2100:Yeah Yeah Yeahs 2080:UK albums chart 2047: 2039:Main articles: 2037: 2032: 1800:On Avery Island 1789:psychedelic pop 1706:Jimmy Eat World 1674: 1672:Diversification 1587:Archers of Loaf 1532:Stephen Malkmus 1420:Alice in Chains 1388: 1333:Are You Normal? 1306:Wise Up! Sucker 1236:the Stone Roses 1206:Factory Records 1175:The Stone Roses 1146:area including 1012: 913:Sneaky Feelings 819:the Go-Betweens 685: 675: 624:the Stone Roses 529: 527:Characteristics 410: 374:Sneaky Feelings 340: 302: 259: 216:Regional scenes 211: 163: 110: 61: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8023: 8021: 8013: 8012: 8010:2010s in music 8007: 8005:2000s in music 8002: 7997: 7987: 7986: 7980: 7979: 7977: 7976: 7963: 7960: 7959: 7957: 7956: 7954:Outsider music 7951: 7946: 7941: 7936: 7931: 7926: 7921: 7914: 7909: 7904: 7898: 7896: 7895:Related topics 7892: 7891: 7888: 7887: 7885: 7884: 7879: 7874: 7869: 7863: 7861: 7852: 7851: 7846: 7845: 7844: 7834: 7829: 7824: 7819: 7814: 7813: 7812: 7811: 7810: 7805: 7795: 7785: 7780: 7779: 7778: 7768: 7763: 7762: 7761: 7751: 7750: 7749: 7744: 7739: 7734: 7733: 7732: 7727: 7717: 7707: 7706: 7705: 7695: 7690: 7689: 7688: 7678: 7673: 7668: 7663: 7658: 7653: 7648: 7647: 7646: 7636: 7631: 7630: 7629: 7627:Gothic country 7618: 7616: 7608: 7607: 7605: 7604: 7603: 7602: 7601: 7600: 7590: 7585: 7580: 7575: 7574: 7573: 7568: 7558: 7548: 7542: 7540: 7536: 7535: 7530: 7528: 7527: 7520: 7513: 7505: 7496: 7495: 7493: 7492: 7480: 7467: 7464: 7463: 7461: 7460: 7455: 7453:Wagnerian rock 7450: 7445: 7440: 7435: 7430: 7425: 7420: 7418:Outlaw country 7415: 7410: 7405: 7399: 7397: 7393: 7392: 7390: 7389: 7384: 7379: 7378: 7377: 7372: 7367: 7362: 7355:Social effects 7352: 7347: 7346: 7345: 7340: 7335: 7325: 7320: 7314: 7312: 7310: 7309: 7306: 7302: 7299: 7298: 7296: 7295: 7290: 7285: 7280: 7275: 7270: 7265: 7259: 7257: 7253: 7252: 7249: 7248: 7246: 7245: 7240: 7234: 7232: 7228: 7227: 7225: 7224: 7219: 7214: 7208: 7206: 7202: 7201: 7199: 7198: 7193: 7188: 7183: 7178: 7177: 7176: 7166: 7161: 7160: 7159: 7149: 7144: 7143: 7142: 7132: 7127: 7122: 7117: 7116: 7115: 7110: 7100: 7099: 7098: 7088: 7083: 7073: 7068: 7063: 7057: 7055: 7051: 7050: 7048: 7047: 7046: 7045: 7040: 7035: 7030: 7028:Neo-rockabilly 7025: 7024: 7023: 7013: 7005: 7000: 6995: 6990: 6985: 6980: 6975: 6970: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6945: 6940: 6935: 6930: 6925: 6920: 6915: 6910: 6905: 6900: 6895: 6890: 6889: 6888: 6883: 6878: 6868: 6863: 6858: 6857: 6856: 6855: 6854: 6844: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6819: 6813: 6811: 6807: 6806: 6804: 6803: 6798: 6793: 6788: 6783: 6778: 6773: 6772: 6771: 6766: 6761: 6751: 6745: 6743: 6739: 6738: 6736: 6735: 6730: 6729: 6728: 6718: 6713: 6708: 6703: 6698: 6693: 6692: 6691: 6680: 6678: 6671: 6667: 6666: 6663: 6662: 6660: 6659: 6654: 6649: 6644: 6639: 6634: 6629: 6623: 6621: 6617: 6616: 6614: 6613: 6608: 6603: 6598: 6593: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6563: 6558: 6553: 6547: 6545: 6541: 6540: 6538: 6537: 6532: 6527: 6522: 6517: 6512: 6507: 6502: 6497: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6477: 6475:Heartland rock 6472: 6467: 6462: 6457: 6452: 6446: 6444: 6440: 6439: 6437: 6436: 6431: 6426: 6421: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6391: 6386: 6381: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6361: 6356: 6351: 6346: 6341: 6336: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6319:Christian rock 6316: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6284:Anatolian rock 6280: 6278: 6274: 6273: 6271: 6270: 6265: 6260: 6259: 6258: 6248: 6243: 6238: 6232: 6230: 6223: 6211: 6210: 6208: 6207: 6206: 6205: 6200: 6198:Rhythm section 6195: 6190: 6180: 6175: 6169: 6167: 6163: 6162: 6157: 6155: 6154: 6147: 6140: 6132: 6126: 6125: 6107:(5): 639–649. 6086: 6083: 6080: 6079: 6051: 6023: 5995: 5967: 5939: 5911: 5883: 5855: 5850:Arctic Monkeys 5823: 5793: 5761: 5731: 5700: 5667: 5636: 5613: 5595: 5586:Guardian.co.uk 5572: 5548: 5522: 5496: 5470: 5448: 5425: 5399: 5380: 5354: 5331: 5303: 5279: 5255: 5231: 5227:on 14 May 2011 5207: 5190: 5167: 5153:A. Goetchius, 5146: 5135:on 8 June 2008 5105: 5074: 5053: 5031: 5010: 4988: 4960: 4931: 4920:. 17 July 2019 4903: 4877: 4861: 4845: 4829: 4813: 4792: 4771: 4750: 4726: 4703: 4680: 4655: 4637: 4609: 4588: 4566: 4552:J. DeRogatis, 4542: 4511: 4486: 4463: 4451: 4428: 4400: 4372: 4354: 4328: 4310: 4293: 4255: 4227: 4202: 4171: 4145: 4109: 4097: 4064: 4036: 4024: 4001: 3995:Swanson, Carl 3988: 3960: 3932: 3904: 3876: 3848: 3820: 3809:on 4 June 2016 3803:manchester.com 3790: 3777: 3754: 3726: 3719: 3701: 3678: 3653: 3619: 3598: 3578: 3550: 3523: 3499: 3471: 3448: 3435:"College rock" 3423: 3412: 3386: 3361: 3336: 3305: 3280: 3257: 3246:. 4 April 2018 3244:Bandcamp Daily 3228: 3199: 3180: 3159: 3139: 3113: 3088: 3063: 3038: 3023: 3002: 2983: 2976:. p. 93. 2957: 2934: 2913: 2895: 2869: 2847: 2822: 2796: 2765: 2758: 2750:Berghahn Books 2733: 2707: 2686: 2659: 2658: 2656: 2653: 2652: 2651: 2646: 2641: 2636: 2629: 2626: 2576:Fickle Friends 2507:was certified 2473:in 2014, with 2408: 2405: 2383:Peter Robinson 2371:, vocalist of 2369:Johnny Borrell 2367:article cited 2328:Arctic Monkeys 2320: 2317: 2308:Mr. Brightside 2272:the Black Keys 2227:Arctic Monkeys 2179:the Libertines 2136:The Libertines 2036: 2033: 2031: 2028: 2008:multi-platinum 1898:Cool Britannia 1711:Bleed American 1673: 1670: 1514:Mega City Four 1465:Bandcamp Daily 1387: 1384: 1364:the Bomb Party 1244:the Charlatans 1222:Thompson Twins 1161:Melody Maker's 1139:Isn't Anything 1058:Walls of Sound 1011: 1008: 904:Dunedin Double 887:Robert Muldoon 815:(I'm) Stranded 732:by Manchester 694:performing at 674: 671: 610:. In his book 575:bands such as 537:do-it-yourself 528: 525: 517:Arctic Monkeys 509:the Libertines 342: 341: 339: 338: 333: 328: 323: 318: 312: 309: 308: 304: 303: 301: 300: 295: 290: 285: 280: 275: 269: 266: 265: 261: 260: 258: 257: 252: 247: 242: 237: 232: 227: 221: 218: 217: 213: 212: 210: 209: 204: 199: 194: 189: 179: 173: 170: 169: 165: 164: 162: 161: 156: 151: 146: 141: 136: 131: 126: 120: 117: 116: 112: 111: 109: 108: 103: 98: 93: 88: 83: 77: 75: 71: 70: 67: 63: 62: 60: 59: 54: 49: 43: 41: 37: 36: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8022: 8011: 8008: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7993: 7992: 7990: 7975: 7974: 7965: 7964: 7961: 7955: 7952: 7950: 7947: 7945: 7942: 7940: 7937: 7935: 7932: 7930: 7927: 7925: 7922: 7920: 7919: 7915: 7913: 7910: 7908: 7905: 7903: 7900: 7899: 7897: 7893: 7883: 7880: 7878: 7875: 7873: 7870: 7868: 7865: 7864: 7862: 7860: 7856: 7850: 7847: 7843: 7840: 7839: 7838: 7835: 7833: 7830: 7828: 7825: 7823: 7820: 7818: 7815: 7809: 7806: 7804: 7801: 7800: 7799: 7796: 7794: 7791: 7790: 7789: 7786: 7784: 7781: 7777: 7774: 7773: 7772: 7769: 7767: 7764: 7760: 7757: 7756: 7755: 7752: 7748: 7745: 7743: 7740: 7738: 7735: 7731: 7728: 7726: 7725:Dunedin Sound 7723: 7722: 7721: 7718: 7716: 7713: 7712: 7711: 7708: 7704: 7701: 7700: 7699: 7696: 7694: 7691: 7687: 7684: 7683: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7657: 7654: 7652: 7649: 7645: 7642: 7641: 7640: 7637: 7635: 7632: 7628: 7625: 7624: 7623: 7620: 7619: 7617: 7615: 7614:fusion genres 7609: 7599: 7596: 7595: 7594: 7591: 7589: 7586: 7584: 7581: 7579: 7576: 7572: 7569: 7567: 7566:Post-hardcore 7564: 7563: 7562: 7561:Hardcore punk 7559: 7557: 7554: 7553: 7552: 7549: 7547: 7544: 7543: 7541: 7537: 7533: 7526: 7521: 7519: 7514: 7512: 7507: 7506: 7503: 7491: 7490: 7485: 7481: 7479: 7478: 7469: 7468: 7465: 7459: 7458:Wall of Sound 7456: 7454: 7451: 7449: 7446: 7444: 7441: 7439: 7438:Rock festival 7436: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7400: 7398: 7394: 7388: 7387:Women in rock 7385: 7383: 7380: 7376: 7373: 7371: 7368: 7366: 7363: 7361: 7358: 7357: 7356: 7353: 7351: 7348: 7344: 7341: 7339: 7336: 7334: 7333:Country music 7331: 7330: 7329: 7326: 7324: 7321: 7319: 7316: 7315: 7313: 7307: 7304: 7303: 7300: 7294: 7291: 7289: 7286: 7284: 7281: 7279: 7276: 7274: 7271: 7269: 7266: 7264: 7261: 7260: 7258: 7256:Radio formats 7254: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7235: 7233: 7229: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7209: 7207: 7203: 7197: 7194: 7192: 7189: 7187: 7184: 7182: 7179: 7175: 7172: 7171: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7162: 7158: 7155: 7154: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7141: 7138: 7137: 7136: 7133: 7131: 7128: 7126: 7123: 7121: 7118: 7114: 7111: 7109: 7106: 7105: 7104: 7101: 7097: 7094: 7093: 7092: 7089: 7087: 7084: 7081: 7077: 7074: 7072: 7069: 7067: 7064: 7062: 7059: 7058: 7056: 7052: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7022: 7021:Extreme metal 7019: 7018: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7008: 7006: 7004: 7001: 6999: 6996: 6994: 6991: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6966: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6929: 6926: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6916: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6906: 6904: 6901: 6899: 6896: 6894: 6891: 6887: 6884: 6882: 6879: 6877: 6874: 6873: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6862: 6859: 6853: 6850: 6849: 6848: 6845: 6843: 6840: 6839: 6838: 6835: 6833: 6830: 6828: 6825: 6823: 6820: 6818: 6815: 6814: 6812: 6808: 6802: 6799: 6797: 6794: 6792: 6789: 6787: 6784: 6782: 6779: 6777: 6774: 6770: 6767: 6765: 6762: 6760: 6757: 6756: 6755: 6752: 6750: 6747: 6746: 6744: 6742:South America 6740: 6734: 6731: 6727: 6724: 6723: 6722: 6719: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6699: 6697: 6694: 6690: 6687: 6686: 6685: 6682: 6681: 6679: 6677:North America 6675: 6672: 6668: 6658: 6655: 6653: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6643: 6640: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6624: 6622: 6618: 6612: 6609: 6607: 6604: 6602: 6599: 6597: 6594: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6584: 6582: 6579: 6577: 6574: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6559: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6548: 6546: 6542: 6536: 6533: 6531: 6528: 6526: 6523: 6521: 6518: 6516: 6513: 6511: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6498: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6466: 6463: 6461: 6458: 6456: 6453: 6451: 6448: 6447: 6445: 6441: 6435: 6432: 6430: 6427: 6425: 6424:Southern rock 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6372: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6344:Flamenco rock 6342: 6340: 6337: 6335: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6281: 6279: 6275: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6257: 6254: 6253: 6252: 6251:Rock and roll 6249: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6234: 6233: 6231: 6227: 6224: 6221:not included) 6212: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6196: 6194: 6193:Electric bass 6191: 6189: 6186: 6185: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6171: 6170: 6168: 6164: 6160: 6153: 6148: 6146: 6141: 6139: 6134: 6133: 6130: 6122: 6118: 6114: 6110: 6106: 6102: 6101: 6095: 6089: 6088: 6084: 6068: 6067: 6062: 6055: 6052: 6040: 6039: 6034: 6027: 6024: 6012: 6011: 6006: 5999: 5996: 5984: 5983: 5978: 5971: 5968: 5955: 5954: 5949: 5943: 5940: 5928: 5927: 5922: 5915: 5912: 5900: 5899: 5894: 5887: 5884: 5871: 5870: 5865: 5859: 5856: 5853: 5849: 5837: 5833: 5827: 5824: 5811: 5807: 5803: 5797: 5794: 5781: 5777: 5776: 5771: 5765: 5762: 5749: 5745: 5741: 5735: 5732: 5719: 5715: 5711: 5704: 5701: 5688: 5684: 5683: 5678: 5671: 5668: 5656: 5655: 5650: 5643: 5641: 5637: 5632:on 1 May 2011 5631: 5627: 5623: 5617: 5614: 5609: 5605: 5599: 5596: 5591: 5587: 5583: 5576: 5573: 5567: 5563: 5559: 5552: 5549: 5537: 5533: 5526: 5523: 5511: 5507: 5500: 5497: 5492: 5488: 5484: 5477: 5475: 5471: 5466: 5462: 5455: 5453: 5449: 5437: 5436: 5429: 5426: 5414: 5410: 5403: 5400: 5395: 5391: 5384: 5381: 5369: 5365: 5358: 5355: 5342: 5335: 5332: 5320: 5319: 5314: 5307: 5304: 5298: 5294: 5290: 5283: 5280: 5274: 5270: 5266: 5259: 5256: 5250: 5246: 5242: 5235: 5232: 5226: 5222: 5218: 5211: 5208: 5204: 5200: 5194: 5191: 5186: 5182: 5178: 5171: 5168: 5164: 5163:1-4042-1943-9 5160: 5156: 5150: 5147: 5134: 5130: 5129: 5124: 5120: 5114: 5112: 5110: 5106: 5094: 5093: 5088: 5081: 5079: 5075: 5070: 5066: 5060: 5058: 5054: 5048: 5044: 5043: 5035: 5032: 5028: 5027:0-19-537371-5 5024: 5020: 5014: 5011: 4999: 4992: 4989: 4977: 4976: 4971: 4964: 4961: 4948: 4944: 4938: 4936: 4932: 4919: 4918: 4913: 4907: 4904: 4892: 4888: 4881: 4878: 4874: 4870: 4865: 4862: 4858: 4854: 4849: 4846: 4842: 4838: 4833: 4830: 4826: 4822: 4817: 4814: 4810: 4809:0-87930-653-X 4806: 4802: 4796: 4793: 4789: 4788:0-87930-653-X 4785: 4781: 4775: 4772: 4768: 4767:0-7486-1745-0 4764: 4760: 4754: 4751: 4748:, pp. 369–70. 4747: 4746:0-306-81367-X 4743: 4739: 4733: 4731: 4727: 4723: 4718: 4714: 4707: 4704: 4698: 4694: 4690: 4684: 4681: 4676: 4672: 4666: 4664: 4662: 4660: 4656: 4651: 4647: 4641: 4638: 4626: 4625: 4620: 4613: 4610: 4606: 4601: 4600: 4592: 4589: 4577: 4570: 4567: 4563: 4562:0-634-05548-8 4559: 4555: 4549: 4547: 4543: 4531: 4530: 4525: 4518: 4516: 4512: 4508: 4501: 4497: 4490: 4487: 4483: 4479: 4478: 4473: 4467: 4464: 4460: 4455: 4452: 4448: 4443: 4439: 4432: 4429: 4417: 4416: 4411: 4404: 4401: 4389: 4388: 4383: 4376: 4373: 4368: 4364: 4358: 4355: 4342: 4338: 4332: 4329: 4324: 4320: 4314: 4311: 4306: 4305: 4297: 4294: 4281: 4277: 4273: 4272:Rolling Stone 4269: 4265: 4264:Rolling Stone 4259: 4256: 4243: 4242: 4237: 4231: 4228: 4224: 4219: 4215: 4214: 4206: 4203: 4191: 4190: 4185: 4178: 4176: 4172: 4168: 4165: 4160: 4156: 4149: 4146: 4133: 4129: 4128: 4123: 4116: 4114: 4110: 4106: 4101: 4098: 4085: 4081: 4080: 4075: 4068: 4065: 4053: 4052: 4047: 4040: 4037: 4033: 4028: 4025: 4021: 4016: 4012: 4005: 4002: 3998: 3992: 3989: 3977: 3976: 3971: 3964: 3961: 3957: 3952: 3948: 3947: 3939: 3937: 3933: 3921: 3920: 3915: 3908: 3905: 3893: 3892: 3887: 3880: 3877: 3865: 3864: 3859: 3852: 3849: 3837: 3836: 3831: 3824: 3821: 3808: 3804: 3800: 3794: 3791: 3787: 3781: 3778: 3774: 3769: 3765: 3758: 3755: 3743: 3742: 3737: 3730: 3727: 3722: 3720:0-85112-579-4 3716: 3712: 3705: 3702: 3696: 3692: 3688: 3682: 3679: 3675: 3670: 3666: 3665: 3657: 3654: 3650: 3636: 3632: 3631: 3623: 3620: 3615: 3609: 3601: 3599:9780316787536 3595: 3591: 3590: 3582: 3579: 3567: 3566: 3561: 3554: 3551: 3539: 3538: 3533: 3527: 3524: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3503: 3500: 3488: 3487: 3482: 3475: 3472: 3468: 3463: 3459: 3452: 3449: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3430: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3415: 3409: 3405: 3404: 3399: 3393: 3391: 3387: 3375: 3371: 3365: 3362: 3350: 3346: 3340: 3337: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3309: 3306: 3294: 3290: 3284: 3281: 3268: 3261: 3258: 3245: 3241: 3235: 3233: 3229: 3217: 3213: 3206: 3204: 3200: 3196: 3191: 3184: 3181: 3169: 3163: 3160: 3157: 3156:0-9517206-9-4 3153: 3149: 3143: 3140: 3128: 3127:Fact Magazine 3124: 3117: 3114: 3102: 3098: 3092: 3089: 3077: 3073: 3067: 3064: 3052: 3048: 3042: 3039: 3034: 3027: 3024: 3020: 3019:0-7546-3862-6 3016: 3012: 3006: 3003: 2999: 2994: 2987: 2984: 2980: 2975: 2971: 2964: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2949: 2945: 2938: 2935: 2932:, pp. 1344–6. 2931: 2930:0-87930-653-X 2927: 2923: 2917: 2914: 2909: 2905: 2899: 2896: 2884: 2880: 2873: 2870: 2857: 2851: 2848: 2836: 2832: 2826: 2823: 2810: 2806: 2800: 2797: 2785: 2784: 2779: 2775: 2769: 2766: 2761: 2759:1-84545-098-1 2755: 2751: 2747: 2740: 2738: 2734: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2714: 2712: 2708: 2696: 2690: 2687: 2675: 2674:BrooklynVegan 2671: 2664: 2661: 2654: 2650: 2647: 2645: 2642: 2640: 2637: 2635: 2632: 2631: 2627: 2625: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2614: 2609: 2608: 2603: 2599: 2598: 2593: 2592: 2587: 2586: 2581: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2556: 2551: 2547: 2546: 2541: 2537: 2536: 2531: 2530: 2525: 2520: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2481: 2476: 2472: 2468: 2467: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2437: 2432: 2431: 2426: 2425: 2420: 2419: 2414: 2406: 2404: 2402: 2401: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2381:, journalist 2380: 2379: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2365: 2360: 2359: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2329: 2325: 2319:Proliferation 2318: 2316: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2285: 2281: 2277: 2276:Kings of Leon 2273: 2268: 2265: 2264: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2246: 2240: 2238: 2237: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2215:The Fratellis 2212: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2191: 2186: 2185: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2171:Kaiser Chiefs 2168: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2143: 2142: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2127: 2126: 2125:Rolling Stone 2121: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2068: 2063: 2055: 2051: 2046: 2042: 2034: 2029: 2027: 2025: 2024: 2019: 2015: 2014: 2009: 2005: 2004: 1999: 1998: 1993: 1988: 1986: 1985: 1980: 1976: 1975: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1960: 1959: 1954: 1953: 1948: 1947: 1942: 1941:Stereophonics 1938: 1937: 1932: 1931: 1926: 1925: 1920: 1919: 1914: 1910: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1895: 1890: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1875:Spiritualized 1872: 1868: 1864: 1861:influence of 1860: 1859:ambient music 1856: 1852: 1848: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1821:Disco Inferno 1818: 1814: 1810: 1804: 1802: 1801: 1796: 1795: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1749: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1722: 1717: 1713: 1712: 1707: 1702: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1683: 1678: 1671: 1669: 1667: 1666: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1648: 1644: 1641:In her essay 1639: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1616: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1597: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1579:Merge Records 1576: 1571: 1569: 1565: 1564:Rolling Stone 1561: 1557: 1556: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1506: 1501: 1500:drum machines 1497: 1496: 1489: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1466: 1461: 1460: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1445: 1444: 1439: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1397: 1392: 1385: 1383: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1360: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1346: 1341: 1340: 1335: 1334: 1329: 1328: 1323: 1322: 1317: 1316: 1311: 1310:Can U Dig It? 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1286:hip-hop music 1283: 1279: 1275: 1270: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1255: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1232: 1228:second album 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1166: 1163: 1162: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1144:Thames Valley 1141: 1140: 1135: 1131: 1130:Cocteau Twins 1127: 1123: 1118: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1090:the Minutemen 1087: 1086:post-hardcore 1083: 1082:hardcore punk 1078: 1076: 1075:Mercury Prize 1072: 1068: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1042:Primal Scream 1039: 1038: 1034:released the 1033: 1032: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1009: 1007: 1005: 1001: 997: 992: 987: 985: 981: 977: 973: 969: 965: 961: 957: 953: 949: 948:post-hardcore 945: 941: 937: 936:college radio 932: 930: 926: 922: 918: 917:the Verlaines 914: 910: 907:EP featuring 906: 905: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 860: 859:Shayne Carter 856: 855:Alec Bathgate 852: 848: 844: 843: 838: 837:Dunedin sound 834: 830: 826: 824: 820: 816: 812: 808: 804: 800: 796: 795:Stiff Records 792: 788: 783: 782:nationwide. 781: 777: 773: 769: 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 746: 744: 739: 735: 731: 730: 725: 721: 713: 710:British band 708: 701: 697: 693: 689: 684: 680: 672: 670: 668: 664: 660: 656: 652: 648: 643: 641: 640:Wendy Fonarow 636: 631: 629: 625: 621: 617: 613: 609: 605: 600: 596: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 570: 566: 562: 557: 555: 551: 547: 543: 538: 534: 526: 524: 522: 518: 514: 510: 506: 502: 498: 494: 490: 485: 483: 482:Thames Valley 479: 475: 471: 467: 463: 459: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 417: 409: 408: 403: 399: 395: 391: 387: 386:the Verlaines 383: 379: 375: 371: 367: 366:Dunedin sound 362: 360: 356: 352: 348: 337: 334: 332: 329: 327: 324: 322: 319: 317: 314: 313: 310: 305: 299: 296: 294: 291: 289: 286: 284: 281: 279: 276: 274: 271: 270: 267: 262: 256: 253: 251: 250:Thames Valley 248: 246: 243: 241: 238: 236: 233: 231: 228: 226: 223: 222: 219: 214: 208: 205: 203: 200: 198: 195: 193: 190: 187: 183: 180: 178: 175: 174: 171: 168:Fusion genres 166: 160: 157: 155: 152: 150: 147: 145: 142: 140: 137: 135: 132: 130: 127: 125: 122: 121: 118: 113: 107: 104: 102: 99: 97: 94: 92: 89: 87: 84: 82: 79: 78: 76: 72: 68: 64: 58: 57:Dunedin sound 55: 53: 50: 48: 45: 44: 42: 38: 33: 30: 19: 7971: 7949:Lollapalooza 7924:Campus radio 7916: 7849:Slacker rock 7709: 7666:Dark cabaret 7661:College rock 7644:Post-Britpop 7487: 7475: 7443:Rock musical 7433:Rock concert 7278:Classic rock 7007:Yugoslavian 6852:Post-Britpop 6733:Puerto Rican 6726:Chicano rock 6606:Slacker rock 6580: 6329:Country rock 6294:Baroque rock 6104: 6098: 6070:. Retrieved 6064: 6054: 6042:. Retrieved 6036: 6026: 6014:. Retrieved 6008: 5998: 5986:. Retrieved 5980: 5970: 5958:. Retrieved 5951: 5942: 5930:. Retrieved 5926:The Guardian 5924: 5914: 5902:. Retrieved 5896: 5886: 5874:. Retrieved 5869:The National 5867: 5858: 5851: 5847: 5839:. Retrieved 5826: 5814:. Retrieved 5796: 5784:. Retrieved 5780:the original 5773: 5764: 5752:. Retrieved 5743: 5734: 5722:. Retrieved 5718:the original 5703: 5691:. Retrieved 5680: 5670: 5658:. Retrieved 5652: 5630:the original 5625: 5616: 5608:The Guardian 5607: 5598: 5590:the original 5585: 5575: 5566:the original 5561: 5551: 5539:. Retrieved 5535: 5525: 5513:. Retrieved 5509: 5499: 5486: 5464: 5440:, retrieved 5434: 5428: 5416:. Retrieved 5412: 5402: 5393: 5383: 5371:. Retrieved 5367: 5357: 5345:. Retrieved 5334: 5322:. 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Retrieved 2673: 2663: 2621: 2613:Blue Weekend 2611: 2605: 2595: 2589: 2583: 2553: 2550:Pete Doherty 2545:the Guardian 2543: 2533: 2527: 2521: 2504: 2500: 2492: 2488: 2478: 2464: 2434: 2428: 2422: 2416: 2410: 2398: 2378:the Guardian 2376: 2362: 2356: 2336: 2333: 2303: 2296:the National 2269: 2261: 2243: 2241: 2234: 2188: 2182: 2147: 2139: 2123: 2065: 2059: 2021: 2018:Chasing Cars 2011: 2006:(2002) went 2001: 1995: 1989: 1982: 1972: 1963: 1956: 1950: 1944: 1934: 1928: 1922: 1916: 1906: 1894:post-Britpop 1891: 1849: 1805: 1798: 1792: 1750: 1742:Modest Mouse 1719: 1709: 1703: 1680: 1675: 1663: 1660:The Drowners 1642: 1640: 1617: 1608: 1594: 1572: 1563: 1560:slacker rock 1553: 1537: 1536: 1503: 1493: 1490: 1463: 1457: 1448: 1441: 1437: 1436:In his book 1435: 1427: 1401: 1359:Melody Maker 1357: 1353: 1343: 1337: 1331: 1325: 1319: 1313: 1271: 1267:Spike Island 1256: 1229: 1218:Culture Club 1202:the Haçienda 1184: 1179:Spike Island 1159: 1148:Chapterhouse 1137: 1126:Dinosaur Jr. 1119: 1107:Dinosaur Jr. 1079: 1054:Phil Spector 1035: 1029: 1027: 988: 976:Let's Active 956:college rock 933: 925:Christchurch 902: 842:Audioculture 840: 827: 784: 780:record shops 748:New Hormones 742: 727: 723: 722:documentary 717: 679:College rock 659:7 Year Bitch 644: 632: 611: 608:Ani DiFranco 598: 597: 593:Joy Division 558: 530: 486: 449:slacker rock 425:Dinosaur Jr. 414: 405: 390:college rock 363: 346: 345: 307:Other topics 264:Local scenes 149:slacker rock 101:post-Britpop 29: 7944:Lo-fi music 7703:Post-grunge 7686:Wizard rock 7651:Chamber pop 7598:Gothic rock 7288:Modern rock 7263:Active rock 7243:New Zealand 7071:Bangladeshi 7066:Azerbaijani 6701:Costa Rican 6657:Viking rock 6647:Stoner rock 6566:Gothic rock 6389:Occult rock 6364:Heavy metal 6354:Garage rock 6324:Comedy rock 6314:Chamber pop 6309:Boogie rock 6038:Metro Times 5841:10 December 5816:10 December 5786:10 December 5754:10 December 5744:Sound Mouth 5724:10 December 5693:10 December 5654:Consequence 5562:Independent 5442:16 November 5269:The Varsity 5239:A. Leahey, 5165:, pp. 21–2. 5139:27 February 4736:J. Harris, 4347:28 February 4286:21 February 4241:Rough Trade 4105:Earles 2014 4090:23 February 4032:Rogers 2008 3919:The Quietus 3813:25 November 3784:John Robb, 3329:13 February 3173:21 November 3132:21 November 3106:19 November 3101:The Quietus 3051:23indie.com 2888:19 November 2862:19 November 2840:19 November 2815:19 November 2789:19 November 2700:19 November 2679:22 November 2475:Consequence 2418:The Suburbs 2413:Arcade Fire 2387:the Wombats 2300:the Killers 2284:the Bravery 2254:Bright Eyes 2177:. However, 2159:Maxïmo Park 2096:garage rock 2084:post-grunge 2076:the Ramones 2062:the Strokes 2054:The Strokes 2000:(2000) and 1969:Buck Rogers 1949:(1997) and 1933:(2000) and 1924:OK Computer 1908:Urban Hymns 1781:of Montreal 1773:the Minders 1726:Midwest emo 1714:(2001) and 1652:John Harris 1601:Chapel Hill 1562:subgenre. 1454:Galaxie 500 1416:Soundgarden 1396:Sonic Youth 1274:Stourbridge 1259:indie dance 1190:dance music 1103:Sonic Youth 1062:Bob Stanley 1060:. In 2006, 1046:the Pastels 899:the Clean's 883:lo-fi indie 879:Tall Dwarfs 863:Bored Games 821:releasing ' 740:, on their 696:Indietracks 663:Team Dresch 651:Bikini Kill 616:garage rock 602:bands like 546:psychedelia 521:the Killers 505:the Strokes 497:garage rock 470:Stourbridge 445:Midwest emo 421:Sonic Youth 396:bands like 378:Tall Dwarfs 240:Netherlands 177:Afro fusion 134:Midwest emo 91:chamber pop 7995:Indie rock 7989:Categories 7867:Funk metal 7842:Post-metal 7827:Pagan rock 7783:Mangue bit 7771:Madchester 7720:Jangle pop 7715:Indie folk 7710:Indie rock 7612:Styles and 7588:Proto-punk 7583:Noise rock 7571:Riot grrrl 7556:Avant-punk 7546:Jangle pop 7539:Precursors 7448:Rock opera 7403:Beatlesque 7238:Australian 7157:Rock kapak 7140:Visual kei 7120:Indonesian 6963:Portuguese 6948:Macedonian 6943:Lithuanian 6822:Belarusian 6801:Venezuelan 6786:Ecuadorian 6769:Tropicália 6764:Samba rock 6596:Rock kapak 6586:Jangle pop 6581:Indie rock 6535:Yacht rock 6530:Visual kei 6520:Shock rock 6460:Dance-rock 6450:Arena rock 6434:Swamp rock 6429:Space rock 6414:Samba rock 6409:Roots rock 6384:Noise rock 6304:Blues rock 6299:Beat music 6268:Surf music 6263:Rockabilly 6241:Latin rock 6178:Distortion 6166:Components 6159:Rock music 5626:Grammy.com 5197:M. Spitz, 5017:C. Smith, 4869:"Coldplay" 4811:, p. 1076. 3687:"Shoegaze" 3269:. AllMusic 2655:References 2602:Wolf Alice 2564:Pale Waves 2529:NME Awards 2373:Razorlight 2341:the Rifles 2304:Is This It 2203:the Smiths 2175:the Others 2167:Bloc Party 2067:Is This It 1997:Parachutes 1887:Quickspace 1871:Spacemen 3 1863:Pink Floyd 1851:Space rock 1837:Morr Music 1753:Elephant 6 1699:Cap'n Jazz 1583:Superchunk 1327:God Fodder 1278:electronic 1198:Manchester 1186:Madchester 1115:the Pixies 968:the Smiths 960:jangle pop 921:the Stones 909:the Chills 847:Chris Knox 823:Lee Remick 811:the Saints 803:the Damned 756:Swell Maps 700:Derbyshire 692:The Chills 683:Jangle pop 677:See also: 667:Huggy Bear 655:Bratmobile 647:riot grrrl 628:the Smiths 589:Television 513:Bloc Party 462:Manchester 453:space rock 433:the Pixies 398:the Smiths 394:jangle pop 370:the Chills 355:rock music 347:Indie rock 336:noise rock 293:Manchester 273:Birmingham 235:California 202:indie folk 47:Jangle pop 35:Indie rock 18:Indie-rock 7934:Indie pop 7882:Rap metal 7837:Post-rock 7822:Noise pop 7803:Blackgaze 7793:Dream pop 7737:Math rock 7681:Geek rock 7593:Post-punk 7551:Punk rock 7186:Taiwanese 7169:Pakistani 7152:Malaysian 7080:1959–1975 7076:Cambodian 7038:Post-punk 7003:Ukrainian 6983:Slovenian 6953:Norwegian 6923:Icelandic 6918:Hungarian 6881:Nederbeat 6796:Uruguayan 6781:Colombian 6754:Brazilian 6749:Argentine 6711:Dominican 6652:Sufi rock 6642:Post-rock 6637:Math rock 6611:Trop rock 6561:Dream pop 6556:Deathrock 6525:Soft rock 6515:Punk rock 6500:Power pop 6495:Post-punk 6470:Glam rock 6465:Funk rock 6455:Cock rock 6419:Soft rock 6404:Raga rock 6379:Krautrock 6374:Jazz rock 6359:Hard rock 6349:Folk rock 6214:Genres by 6183:Rock band 6121:144566463 6100:Continuum 5953:Pitchfork 5541:29 August 5515:29 August 5394:NPR Music 5029:, p. 240. 4891:Pitchfork 4769:, p. 188. 4564:, p. 373. 4500:Routledge 3608:cite book 3273:7 January 3033:Billboard 2883:Billboard 2809:Pitchfork 2774:Kot, Greg 2591:Who Am I? 2560:indie pop 2555:Pitchfork 2501:Billboard 2424:Turn Blue 2280:the Shins 2219:the Kooks 2211:parochial 2199:the Kinks 2195:the Clash 2163:the Cribs 2120:the Hives 2116:the Vines 2023:Eyes Open 1974:Echo Park 1918:The Bends 1913:Radiohead 1905:'s album 1903:The Verve 1853:took the 1825:Stereolab 1817:synth-pop 1813:krautrock 1769:Elf Power 1730:math rock 1412:Pearl Jam 1380:Scum Pups 1372:Crazyhead 1248:808 State 1210:New Order 1167:in 1990. 1094:Hüsker Dü 1056:indebted 952:post-punk 851:the Enemy 807:Australia 772:Red Rhino 760:'O' Level 738:Buzzcocks 736:band the 734:punk rock 698:in rural 581:Buzzcocks 573:post-punk 550:post-punk 474:Leicester 437:Radiohead 382:the Clean 321:DIY ethic 316:Indie pop 298:Sheffield 255:Yorkshire 225:Australia 139:noise pop 129:math rock 115:Subgenres 106:post-rock 81:Chillwave 52:post-punk 7973:Category 7877:Nu metal 7798:Shoegaze 7747:Slowcore 7742:New rave 7671:Dolewave 7578:New wave 7477:Category 7164:Nepalese 7135:Japanese 7091:Filipino 7061:Armenian 7033:New wave 7011:Art rock 6968:Romanian 6893:Estonian 6876:Indorock 6861:Croatian 6817:Albanian 6791:Peruvian 6696:Canadian 6684:American 6601:Shoegaze 6591:Rap rock 6485:New wave 6289:Art rock 6246:Pop rock 6203:Drum kit 6173:Backbeat 5810:Archived 5748:Archived 5687:Archived 5491:Archived 5245:Allmusic 5092:AllMusic 4917:BBC News 4873:Allmusic 4857:Allmusic 4841:Allmusic 4837:"Feeder" 4825:Allmusic 4693:Allmusic 4675:AllMusic 4477:AllMusic 4415:Sky News 4132:Archived 4127:Bandcamp 4084:Archived 3975:Loudwire 3691:Allmusic 3537:AllMusic 3439:Allmusic 3400:(2013). 3081:21 March 3056:21 March 2908:AllMusic 2723:AllMusic 2628:See also 2597:Unwanted 2568:the Aces 2524:the 1975 2509:platinum 2457:Bon Iver 2400:Buckaroo 2358:the Word 2252:Award), 2223:the View 2184:AllMusic 2155:Kasabian 2141:AllMusic 2104:Interpol 2092:rap rock 2088:nu metal 1992:Coldplay 1939:(2001). 1936:Amnesiac 1867:Hawkwind 1656:Popscene 1647:Rupa Huq 1609:Columbia 1542:Pavement 1528:Pavement 1450:Slowcore 1443:AllMusic 1429:New York 1280:, punk, 1250:and the 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