2177:
2147:
2162:
2132:
2117:
2438:
1498:
342:
275:
358:
185:
149:
257:
203:
131:
239:
167:
77:
221:
95:
59:
113:
512:
In the present day, there is one South
American country where indigenous peoples constitute the largest ethnic group. This is Bolivia, where 62% of people identify as feeling a part of some indigenous group.
1774:
1439:
840:
785:
2083:
1482:
923:
895:
1472:
2402:
809:
1735:
1730:
1512:
864:
1223:
706:
597:
1432:
607:
2076:
1998:
1291:
2648:
2628:
2322:
2042:
1887:
1425:
1747:
1742:
2559:
1404:
2412:
2257:
2049:
778:
730:
2247:
2229:
2069:
2643:
2633:
2417:
899:
462:
across the
Pacific. The earliest generally accepted archaeological evidence for human habitation in South America dates to 14,000 years ago, the
1141:
2589:
1873:
1769:
2569:
2539:
2008:
2003:
474:
294:
816:
2594:
2583:
2564:
2028:
1707:
1399:
1300:
651:
2479:
2151:
1868:
1808:
1800:
1697:
1448:
871:
592:
2544:
627:
2638:
2524:
2397:
2332:
2267:
1725:
1284:
333:
1198:
2489:
2392:
2307:
1818:
2494:
1394:
699:
2504:
2427:
2372:
2342:
2262:
1951:
1896:
1858:
1838:
1518:
1371:
1316:
580:
520:
2484:
2176:
2146:
1052:
2459:
2407:
2382:
2357:
2302:
2272:
2013:
1941:
1931:
1916:
1843:
1684:
1361:
1351:
1336:
755:"Censo Nacional de Población, Hogares y Viviendas 2022: Población indígena o descendiente de pueblos indígenas u originarios"
570:
560:
540:
2534:
754:
2549:
2422:
2362:
2337:
2327:
2282:
2166:
1946:
1921:
1901:
1848:
1366:
1341:
1321:
575:
550:
545:
525:
2529:
2499:
2554:
2377:
2367:
2347:
2292:
2287:
2277:
2222:
2121:
1926:
1906:
1863:
1853:
1813:
1346:
1326:
1277:
555:
530:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2464:
2352:
2297:
1971:
1911:
1660:
1604:
1477:
1331:
675:
535:
384:
and their descendants. These peoples contrast with South
Americans of European ancestry and those of African descent.
2317:
2474:
2469:
2387:
2312:
2197:
2136:
1936:
1356:
602:
565:
346:
1525:
2161:
2131:
1599:
1308:
310:
2116:
949:"Les populations indigènes de la Guyane française : une mémoire environnementale essentielle à protéger"
2215:
2018:
1614:
1546:
2023:
1702:
1609:
1497:
470:. The descendants of these first inhabitants would become the indigenous populations of South America.
1981:
1976:
1692:
1487:
1148:
1083:"On the Number of New World Founders: A Population Genetic Portrait of the Peopling of the Americas"
2446:
1382:
486:
17:
2092:
1986:
1779:
455:
428:
367:
2061:
1833:
1717:
1467:
1217:
1122:
1104:
1034:
1016:
482:
377:
1991:
1665:
1237:
1112:
1094:
1024:
1006:
1173:
341:
1670:
478:
424:
948:
1640:
1630:
1561:
1117:
1082:
1029:
994:
419:. The English term "Amerindian" (short for "Indians of the Americas") is often used in
357:
350:
1269:
439:(Portuguese), while those of mixed African and Indigenous ancestry are referred to as
2622:
2207:
1635:
1576:
1462:
1417:
1265:
ATLILLA – Association for
Teaching and Learning Indigenous Languages of Latin America
498:
451:
446:
It is believed that the first human populations of South
America either arrived from
381:
279:
1060:
995:"Indo-European and Asian origins for Chilean and Pacific chickens revealed by mtDNA"
700:"Censo Demográfico 2022: Identificação étnico-racial da população, por sexo e idade"
1828:
1566:
1556:
1551:
315:
1099:
490:
463:
420:
1571:
1541:
896:"Población por sexo y principal ascendencia étnico racial, según departamento"
846:(in Spanish). Dirección General de Estadística, Encuestas y Censos. p. 20
494:
436:
1108:
1020:
2451:
2100:
1011:
459:
408:
190:
154:
1126:
1038:
970:"Study confirms Bering land bridge flooded later than previously believed"
633:(in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. p. 214
2437:
2239:
1823:
841:"Tierra y territorio, fundamentos de vida de los pueblos indígenas, 2012"
416:
262:
208:
136:
432:
244:
172:
82:
506:
440:
226:
118:
2096:
705:(in Portuguese). Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística.
502:
467:
356:
340:
100:
1053:"Journal of the Polynesian Society: Notes And Queries, P 255-258"
969:
736:(in Spanish). Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística
760:(in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (INDEC)
447:
64:
2211:
2065:
1421:
1273:
815:(in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística. Archived from
1264:
681:(in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas. p. 16
657:(in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística. p. 103
27:
Pre-Columbian peoples of South
America and their descendants
431:
European and
Indigenous descent are usually referred to as
929:(in Dutch). Algemeen Bureau voor de Statistiek. p. 46
784:(in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos.
924:"Demografische en Sociale Karakteristieken en Migratie"
477:, many of the indigenous peoples of South America were
387:
In
Spanish, Indigenous people are often referred to as
2445:
2246:
1964:
1882:
1799:
1790:
1760:
1716:
1683:
1653:
1623:
1592:
1585:
1534:
1505:
1455:
1380:
1307:
898:. Instituto Nacional de Estadística. Archived from
395:(lit. Indigenous peoples). They may also be called
327:
301:
288:
271:
253:
235:
217:
199:
181:
163:
145:
127:
109:
91:
73:
55:
50:
38:
1238:"The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency"
1199:"AGRICULTURA DE LADERAS A TRAVÉS DE ANDENES, PERÚ"
598:Wars involving indigenous peoples of South America
870:. Bureau of Statistics. p. 5. Archived from
1222:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1204:. Archived from the original on 14 December 2010
999:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1142:"The Character of Inca and Andean Agriculture"
652:"Características de la Población – Censo 2012"
608:Ceramics of indigenous peoples of the Americas
458:and migrated southwards or alternatively from
415:(lit. aboriginal peoples) is commonly used in
2223:
2077:
1433:
1285:
481:and indeed many still are, especially in the
8:
2560:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
1406:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
33:
1174:"4.1 Raised beds and waru waru cultivation"
516:South American indigenous peoples include:
2230:
2216:
2208:
2109:
2084:
2070:
2062:
1796:
1713:
1589:
1531:
1440:
1426:
1418:
1292:
1278:
1270:
32:
1116:
1098:
1028:
1010:
993:Gongora, J.; et al. (Jul 28, 2008).
2198:Indigenous peoples by geographic regions
779:"Presentación de Resultados Nacionales"
619:
1215:
712:from the original on 27 December 2023
7:
1301:Indigenous peoples in South America
791:from the original on 31 October 2023
475:Spanish colonization of the Americas
295:Indigenous languages of the Americas
51:Regions with significant populations
2649:Indigenous peoples in French Guiana
2629:Indigenous peoples of South America
676:"Síntesis de Resultados Censo 2017"
551:Indigenous peoples in French Guiana
297:, Quechua, Aymara, Guarani, Mapuche
34:Indigenous peoples of South America
1449:Indigenous peoples of the Americas
593:Indigenous peoples of the Americas
25:
18:Indigenous people of South America
374:South American Indigenous peoples
334:Indigenous people of the Americas
2436:
2403:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
2175:
2160:
2145:
2130:
2115:
1496:
865:"Final 2012 Census Compendium 2"
731:"Población Indígena de Colombia"
403:(lit. Native peoples). The term
273:
255:
237:
219:
201:
183:
165:
147:
129:
111:
93:
75:
57:
810:"Resultados Población Indígena"
628:"Perú: Perfil Sociodemográfico"
581:Indigenous peoples in Venezuela
521:Indigenous peoples in Argentina
2644:Ethnic groups in French Guiana
2634:Ethnic groups in South America
571:Indigenous peoples in Suriname
561:Indigenous peoples in Paraguay
541:Indigenous peoples in Colombia
361:Indigenous peoples in Colombia
1:
576:Indigenous peoples in Uruguay
546:Indigenous peoples in Ecuador
526:Indigenous peoples in Bolivia
1100:10.1371/journal.pbio.0030193
556:Indigenous peoples in Guyana
531:Indigenous peoples in Brazil
407:(lit. aborigine) is used in
536:Indigenous peoples in Chile
2665:
2238:Indigenous peoples of the
1197:Pinedo, Javier Blossiers.
603:List of indigenous peoples
566:Indigenous peoples in Peru
489:, practised sophisticated
349:meets Argentine President
2578:
2545:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
2434:
2194:
2107:
2037:
1494:
485:. Others, especially the
332:
306:
293:
43:
2639:History of South America
2565:Turks and Caicos Islands
1081:Hey, Jody (2005-05-24).
370:peoples of South America
311:Native American religion
45:Approximately 18 million
1012:10.1073/pnas.0801991105
345:Native rights activist
2480:British Virgin Islands
1057:www.jps.auckland.ac.nz
499:domesticated livestock
362:
354:
2393:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1770:European colonization
360:
344:
328:Related ethnic groups
1488:Solutrean hypothesis
2570:U.S. Virgin Islands
2413:Trinidad and Tobago
2258:Antigua and Barbuda
1869:Trinidad and Tobago
1005:(30): 10308–10313.
947:Aupetit, Mathilde.
495:advanced irrigation
35:
2323:Dominican Republic
2093:Indigenous peoples
2029:In popular culture
1780:Columbian exchange
1775:Population history
1506:Mythology/Religion
905:on 19 January 2022
456:Bering Land Bridge
413:pueblos aborígenes
363:
355:
177:1.3 million (2023)
159:1.3 million (2022)
141:1.9 million (2018)
123:1.7 million (2022)
105:2.4 million (2017)
87:4.1 million (2012)
69:5.9 million (2017)
2616:
2615:
2205:
2204:
2189:
2188:
2059:
2058:
1960:
1959:
1756:
1755:
1679:
1678:
1649:
1648:
1468:Pre-Columbian era
1415:
1414:
1387:other territories
466:site in Southern
393:pueblos indígenas
339:
338:
16:(Redirected from
2656:
2535:Saint Barthélemy
2495:Falkland Islands
2440:
2232:
2225:
2218:
2209:
2179:
2164:
2149:
2134:
2119:
2110:
2086:
2079:
2072:
2063:
1797:
1714:
1590:
1532:
1500:
1442:
1435:
1428:
1419:
1407:
1395:Falkland Islands
1309:Sovereign states
1294:
1287:
1280:
1271:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1248:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1221:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1203:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1184:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1153:
1147:. Archived from
1146:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1120:
1102:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1059:. Archived from
1049:
1043:
1042:
1032:
1014:
990:
984:
983:
981:
980:
966:
960:
959:
957:
956:
944:
938:
937:
935:
934:
928:
920:
914:
913:
911:
910:
904:
892:
886:
885:
883:
882:
876:
869:
861:
855:
854:
852:
851:
845:
837:
831:
830:
828:
827:
821:
814:
806:
800:
799:
797:
796:
790:
783:
775:
769:
768:
766:
765:
759:
751:
745:
744:
742:
741:
735:
727:
721:
720:
718:
717:
711:
704:
696:
690:
689:
687:
686:
680:
672:
666:
665:
663:
662:
656:
648:
642:
641:
639:
638:
632:
624:
479:hunter-gatherers
278:
277:
276:
261:
259:
258:
243:
241:
240:
225:
223:
222:
207:
205:
204:
189:
187:
186:
171:
169:
168:
153:
151:
150:
135:
133:
132:
117:
115:
114:
99:
97:
96:
81:
79:
78:
63:
61:
60:
39:Total population
36:
21:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2653:
2619:
2618:
2617:
2612:
2590:Central America
2574:
2449:
2441:
2432:
2249:
2242:
2236:
2206:
2201:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2170:
2165:
2155:
2150:
2140:
2135:
2125:
2120:
2103:
2090:
2060:
2055:
2033:
1956:
1878:
1792:
1786:
1762:
1752:
1712:
1675:
1645:
1619:
1581:
1530:
1519:List of deities
1501:
1492:
1451:
1446:
1416:
1411:
1405:
1388:
1386:
1376:
1303:
1298:
1261:
1256:
1255:
1246:
1244:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1214:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1182:
1180:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1144:
1139:
1138:
1134:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1066:
1064:
1051:
1050:
1046:
992:
991:
987:
978:
976:
968:
967:
963:
954:
952:
946:
945:
941:
932:
930:
926:
922:
921:
917:
908:
906:
902:
894:
893:
889:
880:
878:
874:
867:
863:
862:
858:
849:
847:
843:
839:
838:
834:
825:
823:
819:
812:
808:
807:
803:
794:
792:
788:
781:
777:
776:
772:
763:
761:
757:
753:
752:
748:
739:
737:
733:
729:
728:
724:
715:
713:
709:
702:
698:
697:
693:
684:
682:
678:
674:
673:
669:
660:
658:
654:
650:
649:
645:
636:
634:
630:
626:
625:
621:
616:
589:
487:Andean cultures
425:Latin Americans
397:pueblos nativos
323:
274:
272:
256:
254:
238:
236:
220:
218:
202:
200:
184:
182:
166:
164:
148:
146:
130:
128:
112:
110:
94:
92:
76:
74:
58:
56:
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2662:
2660:
2652:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2621:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2603:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2550:Sint Eustatius
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2485:Cayman Islands
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2456:
2454:
2443:
2442:
2435:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2254:
2252:
2244:
2243:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2227:
2220:
2212:
2203:
2202:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2186:
2173:
2171:
2158:
2156:
2143:
2141:
2128:
2126:
2113:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2091:
2089:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2066:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2046:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1968:
1966:
1965:Related topics
1962:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1893:
1891:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1805:
1803:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1766:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1728:
1722:
1720:
1711:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1689:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1657:
1655:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1596:
1594:
1587:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1562:Medicine wheel
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1538:
1536:
1529:
1528:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1502:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1473:Classification
1470:
1465:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1437:
1430:
1422:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1409:
1402:
1397:
1391:
1389:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1313:
1311:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1289:
1282:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1260:
1259:External links
1257:
1254:
1253:
1229:
1189:
1165:
1154:on 17 May 2017
1132:
1073:
1044:
985:
961:
939:
915:
887:
856:
832:
801:
770:
746:
722:
691:
667:
643:
618:
617:
615:
612:
611:
610:
605:
600:
595:
588:
585:
584:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
483:Amazonian area
435:(Spanish) and
351:Mauricio Macri
337:
336:
330:
329:
325:
324:
322:
321:
318:
313:
307:
304:
303:
299:
298:
291:
290:
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1577:Turtle Island
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1463:Paleo-Indians
1461:
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1400:French Guiana
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449:
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379:
378:pre-Columbian
375:
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280:French Guiana
270:
267:20,344 (2012)
266:
264:
252:
249:76,452 (2021)
248:
246:
234:
231:78,492 (2012)
230:
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42:
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19:
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2555:Sint Maarten
2540:Saint Martin
2447:Dependencies
2196:
2181:
2174:
2159:
2144:
2129:
2114:
2048:
2041:
1883:
1763:colonization
1567:The red road
1557:Medicine man
1552:Great Spirit
1383:Dependencies
1245:. Retrieved
1241:
1232:
1206:. Retrieved
1192:
1181:. Retrieved
1177:
1168:
1156:. Retrieved
1149:the original
1135:
1090:
1087:PLOS Biology
1086:
1076:
1065:. Retrieved
1061:the original
1056:
1047:
1002:
998:
988:
977:. Retrieved
973:
964:
953:. Retrieved
942:
931:. Retrieved
918:
907:. Retrieved
900:the original
890:
879:. Retrieved
872:the original
859:
848:. Retrieved
835:
824:. Retrieved
817:the original
804:
793:. Retrieved
773:
762:. Retrieved
749:
738:. Retrieved
725:
714:. Retrieved
694:
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670:
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646:
635:. Retrieved
622:
515:
511:
472:
445:
412:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
386:
373:
366:
364:
316:Christianity
44:
30:Ethnic group
2525:Puerto Rico
2452:territories
2398:Saint Lucia
2333:El Salvador
1972:Ethnobotany
1829:El Salvador
1731:Visual arts
1600:Cosmovision
1586:Mesoamerica
1547:Fifth World
1513:Mythologies
1478:Archaeology
1456:Pre-history
1242:www.cia.gov
1208:22 February
1178:www.oas.org
1158:22 February
1093:(6): e193.
951:(in French)
493:, utilized
491:agriculture
473:Before the
464:Monte Verde
421:the Guianas
380:peoples of
2623:Categories
2520:Montserrat
2515:Martinique
2510:Guadeloupe
2308:Costa Rica
2014:Philosophy
1819:Costa Rica
1793:by country
1624:Variations
1615:World tree
1572:Totem pole
1542:Arborglyph
1247:2017-02-24
1183:2017-02-22
1067:2017-02-22
979:2017-02-22
955:2021-05-03
933:2021-05-02
909:2021-05-02
881:2021-05-02
850:2021-04-30
826:2021-05-01
795:2023-10-30
764:2024-03-07
740:2021-05-01
716:2024-02-01
685:2021-04-30
661:2021-04-30
637:2021-04-30
614:References
501:, such as
376:, are the
368:Indigenous
347:Félix Díaz
2595:Caribbean
2505:Greenland
2428:Venezuela
2373:Nicaragua
2343:Guatemala
2263:Argentina
2248:Sovereign
2101:continent
2009:Movements
2004:Languages
1952:Venezuela
1897:Argentina
1859:Nicaragua
1839:Guatemala
1834:Greenland
1526:Religions
1372:Venezuela
1317:Argentina
1109:1545-7885
1021:0027-8424
497:and kept
460:Polynesia
409:Argentina
389:indígenas
289:Languages
191:Venezuela
155:Argentina
2460:Anguilla
2408:Suriname
2383:Paraguay
2358:Honduras
2318:Dominica
2303:Colombia
2273:Barbados
2240:Americas
2043:Category
1999:Identity
1982:Iroquois
1977:Cherokee
1942:Suriname
1932:Paraguay
1917:Colombia
1844:Honduras
1824:Dominica
1761:European
1736:Painting
1698:Colombia
1610:Religion
1605:Creation
1483:Genetics
1362:Suriname
1352:Paraguay
1337:Colombia
1218:cite web
1127:15898833
1039:18663216
786:Archived
707:Archived
587:See also
454:via the
437:mestiços
433:mestizos
417:Colombia
405:aborigen
302:Religion
263:Suriname
209:Paraguay
137:Colombia
2490:Curaçao
2475:Bonaire
2470:Bermuda
2423:Uruguay
2363:Jamaica
2338:Grenada
2328:Ecuador
2283:Bolivia
2268:Bahamas
2167:Oceania
2137:Eurasia
2095:of the
2019:Studies
1947:Uruguay
1922:Ecuador
1902:Bolivia
1849:Jamaica
1748:Writers
1743:Artists
1703:Ecuador
1685:Culture
1666:Mapuche
1367:Uruguay
1342:Ecuador
1322:Bolivia
1118:1131883
1030:2492461
507:alpacas
401:nativos
284:~19,000
245:Uruguay
173:Ecuador
83:Bolivia
2378:Panama
2368:Mexico
2348:Guyana
2293:Canada
2288:Brazil
2278:Belize
2250:states
2122:Africa
2050:Portal
1987:Navajo
1927:Guyana
1907:Brazil
1864:Panama
1854:Mexico
1814:Canada
1809:Belize
1671:Muisca
1593:Common
1347:Guyana
1327:Brazil
1125:
1115:
1107:
1037:
1027:
1019:
503:llamas
441:zambos
320:Others
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242:
227:Guyana
224:
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119:Brazil
116:
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2465:Aruba
2353:Haiti
2298:Chile
2097:world
2024:Trade
1912:Chile
1726:Music
1693:Andes
1641:Olmec
1631:Aztec
1332:Chile
1202:(PDF)
1152:(PDF)
1145:(PDF)
927:(PDF)
903:(XLS)
875:(PDF)
868:(PDF)
844:(PDF)
820:(PDF)
813:(PDF)
789:(PDF)
782:(PDF)
758:(PDF)
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710:(PDF)
703:(PDF)
679:(PDF)
655:(PDF)
631:(PDF)
468:Chile
450:into
429:mixed
101:Chile
2530:Saba
2450:and
2388:Peru
2313:Cuba
1992:Zuni
1937:Peru
1888:list
1708:Peru
1661:Inca
1636:Maya
1357:Peru
1224:link
1210:2017
1160:2017
1123:PMID
1105:ISSN
1035:PMID
1017:ISSN
505:and
448:Asia
411:and
365:The
65:Peru
2099:by
1718:Art
1385:and
1113:PMC
1095:doi
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